CN112865279A - Low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagon - Google Patents

Low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagon Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112865279A
CN112865279A CN202110015466.9A CN202110015466A CN112865279A CN 112865279 A CN112865279 A CN 112865279A CN 202110015466 A CN202110015466 A CN 202110015466A CN 112865279 A CN112865279 A CN 112865279A
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power
module
power supply
positioning
battery
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CN202110015466.9A
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CN112865279B (en
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阴晓东
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Hwa Innovate Technology Corp ltd
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Hwa Innovate Technology Corp ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/14—Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13—Receivers
    • G01S19/34—Power consumption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39—Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42—Determining position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Abstract

The invention discloses low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for a railway wagon, and relates to Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment. The solar energy collecting device mainly comprises a power supply module, a power supply management module and a positioning device, the device adopts an integrated design, the power supply module and a shell adopt an integrated design, a solar energy collecting plate is arranged outside part of the shell, and the solar energy collecting plate receives and stores solar energy. According to the invention, through a multi-stage power supply method, the multi-stage power supply autonomous control adjustment of solar energy, a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery is realized, and meanwhile, the working mode of the equipment can be autonomously adjusted according to the monitoring power supply state and the motion state, so that the positioning frequency of the equipment is improved and the usability of the equipment is improved under the condition of not increasing the size of the equipment.

Description

Low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagon
Technical Field
The invention relates to Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment, in particular to low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for a railway wagon.
Background
Large transport equipment such as containers and railway wagons has a difficult problem for a long time because the large transport equipment does not have a power supply system. In recent years, in order to solve the supervision problem of large equipment without a power supply, some equipment which adopts a disposable high-capacity battery for power supply and dynamically adjusts the working frequency of the equipment according to the motion state appears in the society, so as to achieve the purpose of long-time application.
Due to the fact that transport equipment does not have power sources, installation modes, installation positions, equipment volume constraints and other factors, the general equipment can only work in a self-powered mode, and the equipment cannot be too large. Under the condition of the limitation, most products can only adopt 1 or 2 lithium sub-batteries as power supply devices, and then the operation frequency of the equipment is reduced. Even in this case, most products dare to promise only for one to three years without replacing the battery, and only very few products claim to be usable for more years.
The railway middle Europe bang train container locator adopts two sections of disposable lithium sub-batteries for power supply, adopts dynamic and static state dynamic adjustment equipment position acquisition frequency, and equipment dynamic 2-hour and static 4-hour working frequency, can ensure 5-year continuous service life under the condition of not replacing a battery pack, and is the only locator product which is arranged on a large scale in a railway and tested by actual line operation in the market at present. Is also a product which I supply for railways continuously for 18, 19 and 20 years.
In this application scenario, in order to pursue a long service life, the equipment loses usability by greatly reducing the operating frequency of the equipment, and particularly in the case of transportation, small trucks or containers have run far away, and the use effect is greatly reduced. Through practical application, factors such as dynamic-static ratio and the like are removed in large-scale transportation, practical use is converted into that the large-scale transportation is awakened to work once every 3.65 hours, the rest is in a dormant state, the single working loss is about 9mwh, the position is reported 6.6 times every day, and the power consumption per day is about 60 mwh.
In conclusion, the invention designs the low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for the railway wagon.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for the railway freight car, the multistage power supply of solar energy, a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery can be automatically controlled and adjusted by a multistage power supply method, meanwhile, the working mode of the equipment can be automatically adjusted according to the monitoring power supply state and the motion state, the positioning frequency of the equipment is improved under the condition that the size of the equipment is not increased, and the usability of the equipment is improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a low-power-consumption long-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal device for a railway wagon comprises a power supply module, a power supply management module and a positioning device, wherein the power supply management module is respectively connected with the power supply module and the positioning device; the power supply module is integrally designed with the shell, the power supply module comprises a solar panel, a solar energy converter, a rechargeable battery, a non-rechargeable battery and a super capacitor, the solar panel is connected with the rechargeable battery through the solar energy converter, and the non-rechargeable battery and the super capacitor are connected with the power supply management module; the positioning device comprises a positioning module, a communication module, a vibration sensor, an acceleration sensor, a temperature and humidity chip, an NFC electronic tag, a Bluetooth/LORA module and a cache read-write module, wherein the positioning module, the communication module and the Bluetooth/LORA module are connected with the MCU processor, and the positioning module, the communication module and the Bluetooth/LORA module are further connected with a signal antenna.
The solar panel is arranged on the outer surface of the device shell and used for collecting external solar energy.
The solar energy converter is used for charging power supply management (overvoltage protection and the like), and the energy generated by the solar panel is transferred to the rechargeable battery.
The rechargeable battery adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery, and has good high and low temperature performance and high safety factor.
The non-rechargeable battery adopts a lithium thionyl chloride battery and a high-capacity battery, has high energy density, is suitable for high and low temperature, has small self-discharge coefficient, and is easy to generate a passivation film by internal chemical reaction under the condition of high temperature, so that the performance of the battery is reduced or the battery fails;
the super capacitor is low in self-discharge rate, basically equivalent to a lithium secondary battery, and matched with the lithium secondary battery for use, after the electric quantity in the capacitor is used up, the lithium secondary battery charges the capacitor through large current, and the large current can eliminate a passivation film in the lithium secondary battery.
The power management module is used for monitoring the electric quantity of the battery of the equipment, adjusting the power supply mode of the equipment or adjusting the working state of the equipment according to the battery state except the charging overvoltage protection function.
a, when the equipment receives illumination, the power management module adjusts the output of the solar energy collecting plate into the charging voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery through the automatic voltage boosting and reducing circuit, and starts to charge;
when the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery is within the normal discharge voltage value range, the lithium iron phosphate battery is preferentially adopted for power supply;
and c, when the lithium iron phosphate battery is dead, adjusting to adopt a lithium sub-battery for power supply, and simultaneously reducing the working frequency of the equipment.
The MCU processor adopts a low-power STM32 processor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the solar energy collecting device mainly comprises a power supply module, a power supply management module and a positioning device, the device adopts an integrated design, the power supply module and a shell adopt an integrated design, a solar energy collecting plate is arranged outside part of the shell, and the solar energy collecting plate receives and stores solar energy. According to the invention, through a multi-stage power supply method, the multi-stage power supply autonomous control adjustment of solar energy, a rechargeable battery and a non-rechargeable battery is realized, and meanwhile, the working mode of the equipment can be autonomously adjusted according to the monitoring power supply state and the motion state, so that the positioning frequency of the equipment is improved and the usability of the equipment is improved under the condition of not increasing the size of the equipment.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: a low-power-consumption long-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal device for a railway wagon comprises a power supply module 1, a power supply management module 2 and a positioning device 3, wherein the power supply management module 2 is respectively connected with the power supply module 1 and the positioning device 3; the power supply module 1 and the shell are designed integrally, the power supply module 1 comprises a solar panel 1-1, a solar converter 1-2, a rechargeable battery 1-3, a non-rechargeable battery 1-4 and a super capacitor 1-5, the solar panel 1-1 is connected with the rechargeable battery 1-3 through the solar converter 1-2, and the non-rechargeable battery 1-4 and the super capacitor 1-5 are connected with the power management module 2; the positioning device 3 comprises a positioning module 3-1, a communication module 3-2, a vibration sensor 3-4, an acceleration sensor 3-5, a temperature and humidity chip 3-6, an NFC electronic tag 3-7, a Bluetooth/LORA module 3-8 and a cache read-write module 3-9, wherein the positioning module 3-1, the communication module 3-2 and the Bluetooth/LORA module 3-8 are connected with the MCU processor 3-10, and the signal antenna 3-3 is further connected with the positioning module 3-1, the communication module 3-2 and the Bluetooth/LORA module 3-8.
The solar panel 1-1 is arranged on the outer surface of the device shell 4 and used for collecting external solar energy.
The solar energy converter 1-2 is used for charging power supply management (overvoltage protection and the like) and transferring the energy generated by the solar panel to the rechargeable battery.
The rechargeable batteries 1-3 adopt lithium iron phosphate batteries, and have good high and low temperature performance and high safety factor.
The non-rechargeable batteries 1-4 adopt lithium thionyl chloride batteries and high-capacity batteries, have high energy density, are suitable for high and low temperatures, have small self-discharge coefficients, and easily generate passivation films by internal chemical reactions at high temperature, so that the performance of the batteries is reduced or loses efficacy;
the super capacitor 1-5 is low in self-discharge rate, is basically equivalent to a lithium secondary battery, is matched with the lithium secondary battery for use, and can eliminate a passivation film in the lithium secondary battery through large current for charging the capacitor after the electric quantity in the capacitor is used up.
When the equipment receives illumination, the rechargeable battery is charged through the solar energy collecting device, the solar energy converter provides a charging protection function, and the charging voltage is prevented from being too high.
Solar panel on the equipment can not receive sunshine, if night or stack when sheltering from, then use rechargeable battery to supply power for equipment circuit board, support equipment normal work.
If the electric quantity in the lithium iron phosphate battery is consumed, the lithium subcell is adopted to supply power to the equipment, and the service life of the system is prolonged.
The power management module 2 is used for monitoring the battery capacity of the equipment, adjusting the power supply mode of the equipment according to the battery state or adjusting the working state of the equipment besides the charging overvoltage protection function.
When the equipment receives illumination, the power management module detects that the solar energy collection voltage is higher than the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and starts to charge;
when the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery is within the normal discharge voltage value range, the lithium iron phosphate battery is preferentially adopted for power supply;
when the lithium iron phosphate battery is dead, the lithium subcell is adjusted to supply power, and the working frequency of the equipment is reduced.
The MCU processors 3-10 adopt low-power STM32 processors.
The positioning module 3-1 supports GPS/BD/GLONASS multimode satellite positioning;
the communication module 3-2 supports 2G/3G/4G full-network communication;
the signal antenna 3-3 comprises a satellite antenna, a 4G antenna, a Bluetooth/LORA antenna and the like;
RFID is equipment electronic identification (NFC electronic tags 3-7), stores the equipment number, still can use as soft switch simultaneously, uses NFC read-write equipment can produce induced-current, activates the orientation module circuit and carries out work.
The cache read-write modules 3-9 are used for storing remote upgrading firmware, parameters, positioning data, other environment acquisition data and the like.
The work flow of the embodiment is as follows:
1. the power management module collects the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery to judge whether a rechargeable battery or a lithium sub-battery is adopted for power supply at present;
2. an accelerometer and a vibration sensor acquire the motion or static state of the truck;
3. the MCU processor judges which working mode is adopted according to the collected data of (1) and (2):
3a, when the lithium iron phosphate battery supplies power:
3ai the position reporting frequency of the motion state is high frequency;
3aii static state report position frequency is high frequency and is higher than the lowest allowable static report position frequency;
3b when the lithium subcell is powered:
3b i the motion state report position frequency is the lowest allowable dynamic report position frequency;
3b ii the static state report position frequency is the lowest allowable static report position frequency;
4. the MCU collects the time of the timer and the last starting working time;
5. the MCU monitors whether the NFC generates induction current;
6. the MCU processor judges whether to wake up to work at regular time according to the working mode judged in the step (3) and the time of the timer in the step (4); or the MCU is activated under the condition (5) to start working;
7. the MCU processor controls the power supply management module to supply power to the positioning antenna and the positioning module, the positioning antenna sends signals to the positioning module when receiving satellite signals, and the positioning module outputs positions; during the period, the MCU processor monitors whether the positioning is overtime according to the configured positioning duration parameter;
7a timeout case: the MCU stops supplying power to the positioning module, records satellite positioning failure and switches to the base station for positioning;
7b not timed out: the MCU stops supplying power to the positioning module and records satellite positioning information;
8. after the step (7a) or the step (7b) is finished, the MCU controls the power supply management module to supply power to the 4G module and reports positioning information; during the period, the MCU judges whether the data transmission is overtime according to the configured communication time length parameter;
8a, recording a sending failure state and positioning information in a cache under the condition of overtime;
8b, when the time is not overtime, the transmission is successful, and the positioning information is cleared in the cache;
9. and (5) after finishing (8a) or (8b), the MCU searches whether the history cache record exists in the FLASH cache, and if so, the history cache record continues to be reported until finishing.
10. And (9) after finishing (9), configuring NFC wakeup and RTC timing wakeup, and enabling the MCU to enter a deep sleep mode.
The equipment locator power of this embodiment adopts tertiary energy supply mechanism, and solar energy is the outside device that can charge of one-level, and rechargeable lithium iron phosphate battery is second grade energy supply unit, and "lithium subcell + super capacitor" that does not rechargeable is tertiary energy supply unit, and under illumination satisfied charging condition, solar energy supplied the electric energy for lithium iron phosphate battery, and rechargeable battery gives the circuit power supply by rechargeable battery when having the electricity, switches into lithium subcell when rechargeable battery is insufficient for the circuit power supply. The power supply design scheme is specifically as follows:
the power supply of the equipment comprises the following components:
the equipment power supply system comprises a solar panel, a rechargeable battery, a disposable battery pack, a power supply management unit and the like; wherein the disposable battery pack consists of a lithium sub-battery and a super capacitor; the power management unit is composed of a solar charging control unit, a rechargeable battery monitoring unit, a power switching control unit, a power protection unit, a sensor state input unit and the like.
And (3) power supply control flow:
(1) the number of the working frequencies of the equipment is four, namely A high frequency, A low frequency, B high frequency and B low frequency, wherein A corresponds to the working frequency when the rechargeable battery supplies power, and B corresponds to the working frequency when the disposable battery works; the equipment power supply can only select one of a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery pack to supply power to the equipment each time;
(2) the rechargeable battery monitoring unit collects the voltage of the rechargeable battery and converts the voltage into the percentage of electric quantity according to the voltage, and the power supply switching control unit controls the power supply of the equipment according to the following rules:
a) when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is greater than or equal to 5%, the rechargeable battery is adopted to supply power;
b) when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is less than 5%, a disposable battery pack is used for supplying power to prevent the battery from being over-discharged;
(3) according to the monitored voltage of the rechargeable battery, the solar charging control unit controls the charging process according to the following rules:
a) when the voltage is higher than the nominal highest voltage of the rechargeable battery, stopping the solar panel from charging the rechargeable battery;
b) when the voltage is lower than the nominal highest voltage of the rechargeable battery, starting the solar panel to charge the rechargeable battery;
(4) the sensor state input unit sends the instantaneous states collected by the vibration sensor and the acceleration sensor, such as dynamic/static and acceleration values, to the MCU, the MCU judges whether the real state of the current equipment is static or moving (such as temporary vehicle moving or crane operation, and the like, and the real state of a truck is actually static) according to the characteristic values of multiple attitude sampling, and the next awakening time of the equipment is adjusted according to the real state, specifically according to the following rules:
a) when the rechargeable battery is adopted for supplying power and the real state is in motion, the equipment power supply is used for setting the next awakening time of the equipment according to the high frequency A;
b) when the rechargeable battery is adopted for supplying power and the real state is static, the power supply of the equipment is used for setting the next awakening time of the equipment according to the low frequency A;
c) when the disposable battery pack is adopted for supplying power and the real state is in motion, the power supply of the equipment can be used for setting the next awakening time of the equipment according to the high frequency B;
d) when the disposable battery pack is adopted for supplying power and the real state is static, the power supply of the equipment can be used for setting the next awakening time of the equipment according to the low frequency B;
the device locator adopts a vibration sensor to identify the dynamic/static state of the device, when the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is normal, the device works according to the fixed locating frequency respectively according to the dynamic and static states, when the rechargeable battery is in a power-loss state, the device supplies power by using a lithium sub-battery, and the working frequency of the device is adjusted downwards so as to play a role in saving power;
the device switching operating frequency mechanism of the present embodiment is as follows:
the positioning module monitors the motion state of the equipment by adopting a vibration sensor and an acceleration sensor, when the equipment is monitored to be in the motion state, the MCU core processor controls the equipment to enter a dormant state and keep low-power-consumption operation, when the equipment moves along with a truck, the MCU can control the vibration sensor and the acceleration sensor to probe the operation state of the equipment for multiple times so as to judge whether the truck is in a vehicle moving operation or in the operation state, and when the equipment is judged to be in the motion state, the equipment is awakened and switched to the motion state positioning frequency; (the positioning module is usually in a dormant state, the vibration sensor activates the MCU to start working when exceeding a critical value of a preset value, the MCU acquires a plurality of groups of values delta X, delta Y and delta Z through the accelerometer, further analyzes the motion characteristics of the values, compares the motion characteristics with preset models such as acceleration, deceleration, impact and the like, and if the conditions are impact or temporary vehicle moving and the like, the positioning module still considers the positioning module to be in a static state, otherwise, the positioning module considers the positioning module to be in a motion state.)
On the basis, judgment of a power supply unit is further added, the MCU acquires the power supply voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery through the power supply management module, when the power supply voltage is in a normal value, the equipment adopts a rechargeable battery for power supply, a high-frequency working mode is adjusted, and the positioning frequency of each time within 10 minutes can be realized in the shortest motion state; when the power supply voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery of the equipment is lower than a normal value, the lithium sub-battery is adopted for supplying power, and the positioning frequency is adjusted to the lowest allowable positioning frequency, so that the energy consumption is further reduced.
The forced wake-up mechanism of the present embodiment: the equipment can be forcibly awakened through external equipment scanning supporting NFC scanning, the specific method is that an NFC read-write device of the external equipment is close to an NFC label, induction current is generated inside the NFC label, and the MCU awakens the equipment to work after receiving an NFC electric signal.
The position reporting mechanism of this embodiment: the MCU starts a device circuit to start working, receives an external satellite signal through a satellite positioning antenna, captures the satellite signal within a specified time, outputs a position coordinate after the signal enters a satellite module, and switches to base station positioning if positioning cannot be realized; after positioning is completed, the MCU core processor control information is sent to a remote server through a 4G module, information is sent within a specified time, connection is closed, a dormant state is entered, if sending is not completed, position information is recorded in a cache, and sending is waited for next communication.
Example 1: and power consumption analysis shows that the length and width of the solar energy collecting plate is 80mm x 100mm, the nominal generating power is 1w, the illumination time is assumed to be 8 hours every day, the effective irradiation time is 30%, and the positioning equipment is assumed to be in a chargeable state under 30% of conditions, so that the daily power generation of the solar energy collecting device can be roughly estimated to be 0.72 wh.
The single power consumption of the current measured locator collecting and reporting position is 9.2mwh, under the working condition of 30min of movement and 4h of stillness, the locator can be positioned and the position can be reported about 12 times a day, the power consumption is about 110mwh, after the solar energy collecting device is additionally arranged, the frequency of reporting the position can be increased to 720 wmh/9.2 mwh/frequency and about 78.2 times a day, the collecting frequency of the monitoring device is greatly improved, and power is provided for asset management of large-scale asset equipment, supply chain management optimization and the like.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The low-power-consumption long-service-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for the rail wagon is characterized by comprising a power supply module (1), a power supply management module (2) and a positioning device (3), wherein the power supply management module (2) is respectively connected with the power supply module (1) and the positioning device (3); the power supply module (1) and the shell are designed in an integrated mode, the power supply module (1) comprises a solar panel (1-1), a solar converter (1-2), a rechargeable battery (1-3), a non-rechargeable battery (1-4) and a super capacitor (1-5), the solar panel (1-1) is connected with the rechargeable battery (1-3) through the solar converter (1-2), and the non-rechargeable battery (1-4) and the super capacitor (1-5) are connected with the power management module (2); the positioning device (3) comprises a positioning module (3-1) connected with the MCU processor (3-10), a communication module (3-2), a vibration sensor (3-4), an acceleration sensor (3-5), a temperature and humidity chip (3-6), an NFC electronic tag (3-7), a Bluetooth/LORA module (3-8) and a cache read-write module (3-9), and the positioning module (3-1), the communication module (3-2) and the Bluetooth/LORA module (3-8) are further connected with a signal antenna (3-3).
2. A low power consumption long life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagon according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar panels (1-1) are arranged on the outer surface of the device shell (4) for external solar energy collection.
3. A low power consumption and long life beidou satellite positioning terminal device for railway wagon as claimed in claim 1, wherein said solar energy converter (1-2) is used for charging power management to transfer the energy generated by solar panel to rechargeable battery.
4. A low power consumption long life beidou satellite positioning terminal device for railway wagon according to claim 1, characterized in that the rechargeable batteries (1-3) are lithium iron phosphate batteries.
5. The low-power-consumption long-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagons according to claim 1 is characterized in that lithium thionyl chloride batteries are adopted as the non-rechargeable batteries (1-4), the high-capacity batteries are high in energy density, suitable for high and low temperatures and small in self-discharge coefficient, and passivation films are easily generated by internal chemical reactions at high temperatures, so that the performance of the batteries is reduced or the batteries are failed.
6. The low-power-consumption long-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal equipment for railway wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that the super capacitors (1-5) are matched with a lithium secondary battery for use, after the electric quantity in the capacitor is used up, the lithium secondary battery charges the capacitor through large current, and the large current can eliminate a passivation film in the lithium secondary battery.
7. A low power consumption long life beidou satellite positioning terminal device for railway wagon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power management module (2) is further configured to monitor the battery level of the device in addition to the charging overvoltage protection function, and adjust the power supply mode of the device or the working state of the device according to the battery state:
(a) when the equipment receives illumination, the power management module adjusts the output of the solar energy collecting plate into the charging voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery through the automatic voltage boosting and reducing circuit, and starts to charge;
(b) when the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery is within the normal discharge voltage value range, the lithium iron phosphate battery is preferentially adopted for power supply;
(c) when the lithium iron phosphate battery is dead, the lithium subcell is adjusted to supply power, and the working frequency of the equipment is reduced.
8. A low-power-consumption long-life Beidou satellite positioning terminal device for railway wagons according to claim 1, characterized in that the MCU processors 3-10 adopt low-power-consumption STM32 processors.
9. The utility model provides a work flow that is used for railway freight car's low-power consumption long-life big dipper satellite positioning terminal equipment which characterized in that specifically as follows:
(1) the power management module collects the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery to judge whether the rechargeable battery or the lithium-ion battery is adopted for power supply at present;
(2) the accelerometer and the vibration sensor acquire the motion or static state of the truck;
(3) and the MCU processor judges which working mode is adopted according to the collected data of (1) and (2):
(a) when the lithium iron phosphate battery supplies power:
(a1) the position reporting frequency of the motion state is high frequency;
(a2) the static state position reporting frequency is low frequency and is higher than the lowest allowable static state position reporting frequency;
(b) when the lithium sub-battery supplies power:
(b1) the motion state reporting position frequency is the lowest allowable dynamic reporting position frequency;
(b2) the static state reporting position frequency is the lowest allowable static state reporting position frequency;
(4) the MCU collects the time of the low-power RTC timer and the last starting working time;
(5) the MCU monitors whether the NFC generates induction current;
(6) the MCU processor judges whether to wake up to work at regular time according to the working mode judged in the step (3) and the time of the timer in the step (4); or the MCU is activated under the condition (5) to start working;
(7) the MCU processor controls the power supply management module to supply power to the positioning antenna and the positioning module, the positioning antenna sends signals to the positioning module when receiving satellite signals, and the positioning module outputs position information; during the period, the MCU processor monitors whether the positioning is overtime according to the configured positioning duration parameter;
(7a) in case of timeout: the MCU stops supplying power to the positioning module, records satellite positioning failure and switches to the base station for positioning;
(7b) in the case of no timeout: the MCU stops supplying power to the positioning module and records satellite positioning information;
(8) after the step (7a) or (7b) is finished, the MCU controls the power supply management module to supply power to the 4G module and reports positioning information; during the period, the MCU judges whether the data transmission is overtime according to the configured communication time length parameter;
(8a) recording a sending failure state and positioning information in a cache under the condition of overtime;
(8b) if the time is not overtime, the transmission is successful, and the positioning information is cleared in the cache;
(9) after the step (8a) or (8b) is finished, the MCU searches whether a history cache record exists in the FLASH cache, and if so, the history cache record continues to be reported until the step is finished;
(10) and (5) after the step (9) is finished, configuring NFC wakeup and RTC timing wakeup, and enabling the MCU to enter a deep sleep mode.
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