EP1742752B1 - Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept - Google Patents

Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1742752B1
EP1742752B1 EP05736259A EP05736259A EP1742752B1 EP 1742752 B1 EP1742752 B1 EP 1742752B1 EP 05736259 A EP05736259 A EP 05736259A EP 05736259 A EP05736259 A EP 05736259A EP 1742752 B1 EP1742752 B1 EP 1742752B1
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Prior art keywords
melt
runner
casting
transverse
mold
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EP05736259A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1742752A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Krebs
Olaf Petzoldt
Franz Mnich
Hans-Christoph Saewert
Rüdiger BÄHR
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Rautenbach-Guss Wernigerode GmbH
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Rautenbach-Guss Wernigerode GmbH
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Priority to PL05736259T priority Critical patent/PL1742752T3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/006—Casting by filling the mould through rotation of the mould together with a molten metal holding recipient, about a common axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for casting of components made of light metal, preferably of Al alloys, according to the Kippg discernroz.
  • a preferred field of application of the invention is the casting of aluminum cylinder heads and engine blocks.
  • tilt casting is a well-known method.
  • Kippgie As a particular advantage of Kippgie calls is found in the literature that the case of gravity casting possibly occurring splashing of the metal by passing the molten metal can be avoided on a wall of the mold ( P Schneider, molds for light metal casting, Foundry-Verlag 1986, p.100 ff ).
  • the mold is arranged in this solution with downwardly facing gate over a casting container and gas-tight after filling the casting container with a set for a casting amount melt that the melt flows during rotation of the mold and casting container by 180 ° in the mold cavity.
  • the gate runs along the longitudinal axis of the casting mold in order to ensure that the inflow of the melt takes place over the largest possible cross-section of the gate in the ratio of the cross-section of the die cavity.
  • the implementation of this method requires a high technical complexity, without, as has been shown in practice, the desired objectives, in particular the avoidance of voids and porosities in complicated castings, such as cylinder heads, be achieved completely.
  • the high technical complexity relates firstly to the rotatable by 180 ° casting device with a separate, airtight to be connected to the mold tundish and on the other hand, the mold in which inevitable in complex castings unavoidable cores must be installed so tightly that they even with a rotation of the mold remain fixed in position stable by 180 °.
  • the object of the present invention is the development of a method for casting complicated, high-quality components made of light metal, preferably of Al alloys, with which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.
  • a casting mold with upwardly pointing sprue, on the longitudinal side of which a cross run connected to the sprue through outlets is arranged is tilted at 45 ° to 70 ° about its longitudinal axis.
  • the cross-section is dimensioned with respect to its volume and with respect to the arrangement of the outlets to the mold cavity designed so that at 45 ° to 70 ° about its longitudinal axis tilted mold with cross-flow in a second process step ca.1 / 5 of the melt required for the casting in the cross-flow can be filled without the melt already flowing into the mold cavity of the mold.
  • the casting mold is tilted back into the cross-section up to the vertical, with continuous further filling of melt, the melt flowing in via the outlets into the mold cavity.
  • the outlets of the cross-flow to the mold cavity should be arranged and designed so that the melt, as usual in Kippgie H, flows along a side wall of the mold into the mold cavity.
  • the casting method according to the invention is characterized in that the melt, during and after filling in the transverse run, first loses in cross-section a part of its filling-in kinetic energy and calms down before it flows into the mold cavity.
  • melt jet impinges on a tilted by an angle of 5 ° to 15 ° outwards, approximately perpendicular to the tilting axis of the casting mold and transverse wall and flows directly or after one or more deflections in the longitudinal direction of the cross-flow, the contours of the should be well rounded the melt flow conductive wall portion of the cross run.
  • a further improvement of the invention can be achieved in that the melt is not filled directly into the cross-flow, but in a pouring basin preferably arranged on an end face of the cross-flow.
  • unavoidable turbulences can be calmed already in the pouring basin when filling the melt, so that the melt with no or with only slight turbulence in the cross-section flows.
  • a significant portion of the molten metal's melt kinetic energy can in this case already be decomposed in the pouring basin.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a casting mold 1 for a cylinder head with laterally arranged transverse run 2.
  • a pouring basin 3 is arranged at the rear end face of the cross-section 2.
  • the rear end face 4 of the pouring basin 3 is inclined outwards at an angle of 10 ° with respect to the vertical.
  • the interior of the transverse run 2 is connected by four outlets 5 with the mold cavity of the mold 1.
  • a spatially movable pouring spoon 6 which can be tilted about a transverse axis is positioned so that the melt flowing out of the pouring spoon 6 impinges on the rear end face 4 of the pouring basin 3, as illustrated by the arrow 7, and in the longitudinal direction of pouring basins 3 and Querlauf2 flows into the Querlauf2.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d illustrate the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2a initially shows the cross section of the casting mold 1 with laterally arranged transverse run 2 and the mold cavity 9.
  • the interior space of the transverse run 2 is connected to the mold cavity 9 through the outlets 5.
  • FIG. 2b shows the casting mold 1 tilted by about 50 ° about the longitudinal axis 8.
  • the melt required for the casting is continuously introduced into the pouring basin 3 by means of the pourable ball 6, which is controllable in its movement, in such a way that the melt jet 7 is applied to the casting 10 ° relative to the vertical outwardly inclined rear end wall 4 of the Eing devistümpels 3 occurs and largely free of vortex in the longitudinal direction of the cross-flow 2 flows into this.
  • the interior of the transverse run 2 is initially filled continuously without melt flowing into the mold cavity 10.
  • FIG. 2b illustrates this method step. Reached the melt level in the interior of the cross-section 2, the outlets 5 (ca.1 / 5 of the for the Cast required melt are then in the interior of the cross run 2), the melt begins to flow through the spouts 5 along the mold side wall into the mold cavity.
  • the casting mold 1 is now tilted back continuously, wherein continuously more melt from the ladle 6 is filled into the Eing electtümpel 3 and thus the Querlauf2, calms in Eing electtümpel 3 and Querlauf2 and flows along the side wall in the mold cavity 9 and fills it, as Figure 2c shows.
  • the filling of the melt and the tilting back of the mold 1 are coordinated so that the mold 1 is completely tilted back when a filling of the mold cavity 9 has taken place to the feeder attachment.
  • the feeders are filled up to the melt level shown in FIG. 2d.

Abstract

In a process to cast components of an automobile motor with an aluminium crankcase and cylinder head, the mold is tilted by e.g. 45 to one side at a fulcrum (8). Hot aluminium is discharged (7) from a container into a hopper (2) with a series of inlets (5) discharging to the void within the mold.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Gießen von Bauteilen aus Leichtmetall, bevorzugt aus Al-Legierungen, nach dem Kippgießprinzip. Ein bevorzugtes Anwendungsgebiet der Erfindung ist das Gießen von Aluminiumzylinderköpfen und Motorblöcken.
Zum Füllen einer Form mit Metallschmelze durch Schwerkraftgießen in fallender Gießweise ist das Kippgießen ein seit langem bekanntes Verfahren. Als besonderer Vorteil des Kippgießens wird in der Literatur herausgestellt, dass das beim Schwerkraftgießen ggf auftretende Verspritzen des Metalls durch Führen der Metallschmelze an einer Wand der Gießform vermieden werden kann ( P Schneider, Kokillen für Leichtmetallguss, Gießerei-Verlag 1986, S.100 ff ). Insbesodere beim Gießen von Al-Legierungen ist es erforderlich, die Schmelze möglichst zügig aus der Schmelzwanne bzw. dem Gießbehälter in die Form zu geben, um zum einen eine Reaktion von Legierungsbestandteilen mit der Umgebungsluft so gering wie möglich zu halten und zum anderen Temperaturverluste beim Gießen zu vermeiden. Ersteres kann zu Einschlüssen im Gussteil führen, Letzteres kann die Gefügeausbildung negativ beeinflussen. Beim schnellen Einfüllen der Schmelze ist aber zu beachten, dass es zu erheblichen Verwirbelungen sowie zur Schaumbildung kommen kann. Einschlüsse und Porosität im Gussteil können die Folge sein.
Aus der EP 0 656 819 B1 sowie der EP 1155 763 A1 sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Rotationsgießen, einem speziellen Kippgießverfahren unter Drehung der Form um 180°, bekannt. Die Gießform wird bei dieser Lösung mit nach unten weisendem Anschnitt über einem Gießbehälter so angeordnet und nach Befüllung des Gießbehälters mit einer für einen Guss bemessenen Menge Schmelze gasdicht verbunden, dass die Schmelze bei Rotation von Gießform und Gießbehälter um 180° in den Formhohlraum strömt. Der Anschnitt verläuft entlang der Längsachse der Gießform, um zu erreichen, dass das Einströmen der Schmelze über einen möglichst großen Querschnitt des Anschnittes im Verhältnis des Querschnittes des Formhohlraumes erfolgt. Durch die beschriebene Lösung soll zum einen in besonderer Weise eine schonende Formfüllung ohne Verspritzen des Metalls erfolgen können, um auch bei komplizierten Gussteilen Hohlräume, Porositäten und Einschlüsse im Gussteil zu vermeiden, und zum anderen durch das gasdichte Verschließen von Gießwanne und Form eine Reaktion von Legierungsbestandteilen mit der Umgebungsluft weitgehend verhindert werden. Die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens erfordert einen hohen technischen Aufwand, ohne dass, wie sich in der Praxis gezeigt hat, die angestrebten Ziele, insbesondere die Vermeidung von Hohlräumen und Porositäten bei komplizierten Gussteilen, wie beispielsweise Zylinderköpfen, vollständig erreicht werden. Der hohe technische Aufwand betrifft zum einen die um 180° rotierbare Gießeinrichtung mit separater, luftdicht mit der Form zu verbindender Gießwanne und zum anderen die Gießform, in der bei komplizierten Gussteilen unvermeidbare Kerne so fest eingebaut sein müssen, dass sie auch bei einer Drehung der Gießform um 180° lagestabil fixiert bleiben.The invention relates to a method for casting of components made of light metal, preferably of Al alloys, according to the Kippgießprinzip. A preferred field of application of the invention is the casting of aluminum cylinder heads and engine blocks.
To fill a mold with molten metal by gravity casting in falling casting, tilt casting is a well-known method. As a particular advantage of Kippgießens is found in the literature that the case of gravity casting possibly occurring splashing of the metal by passing the molten metal can be avoided on a wall of the mold ( P Schneider, molds for light metal casting, Foundry-Verlag 1986, p.100 ff ). In particular, when casting Al alloys, it is necessary to give the melt as quickly as possible from the melting tank or the casting container in the mold, on the one hand to keep a reaction of alloying constituents with the ambient air as low as possible and on the other hand temperature losses during casting to avoid. The former can lead to inclusions in the casting, the latter can negatively influence the structure formation. When quickly filling the melt, however, it should be noted that considerable turbulence and foaming may occur. Inclusions and porosity in the casting can be the result.
From the EP 0 656 819 B1 as well as the EP 1155 763 A1 are known a method and a device for rotational molding, a special Kippgießverfahren under rotation of the mold by 180 °. The mold is arranged in this solution with downwardly facing gate over a casting container and gas-tight after filling the casting container with a set for a casting amount melt that the melt flows during rotation of the mold and casting container by 180 ° in the mold cavity. The gate runs along the longitudinal axis of the casting mold in order to ensure that the inflow of the melt takes place over the largest possible cross-section of the gate in the ratio of the cross-section of the die cavity. By the described solution should be done on the one hand in a special way gentle mold filling without spattering of the metal to avoid voids, porosities and inclusions in the casting even with complicated castings, and on the other by the gas-tight sealing of tundish and form a reaction of alloying components be largely prevented with the ambient air. The implementation of this method requires a high technical complexity, without, as has been shown in practice, the desired objectives, in particular the avoidance of voids and porosities in complicated castings, such as cylinder heads, be achieved completely. The high technical complexity relates firstly to the rotatable by 180 ° casting device with a separate, airtight to be connected to the mold tundish and on the other hand, the mold in which inevitable in complex castings unavoidable cores must be installed so tightly that they even with a rotation of the mold remain fixed in position stable by 180 °.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Entwicklung eines Verfahrens für das Gießen komplizierter, hochwertiger Bauteile aus Leichtmetall, bevorzugt aus Al-Legierungen, mit denen die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwunden werden. Das bedeutet, dass ohne erheblichen technischen Aufwand eine Formfüllung erreicht wird, die auch bei komplizierten Bauteilgeometrien Hohlräume, Porositäten und Einschlüsse im Gussteil vermeidet und günstige Bedingungen für die Gefügeausbildung bei der Erstarrung der Schmelze schafft und dass unerwünschte Reaktionen von Legierungsbestandteilen mit der Umgebungsluft minimiert werden bzw keinen negativen Einfluß auf die Gussteilqualität haben.The object of the present invention is the development of a method for casting complicated, high-quality components made of light metal, preferably of Al alloys, with which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome. This means that a mold filling is achieved without considerable technical effort, which avoids cavities, porosities and inclusions in the casting even with complicated component geometries and creates favorable conditions for the microstructure during the solidification of the melt and that undesired reactions of alloy constituents with the ambient air are minimized or have no negative influence on the casting quality.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß dem 1. Patentanspruch gelöst. Dazu wird in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt eine Gießform mit nach oben weisendem Einguss, an deren Längsseite ein mit dem Einguss durch Ausläufe verbundener Querlaufangeordnet ist, um 45° bis 70° um ihre Längsachse gekippt. Der Querlauf ist bezüglich seines Volumens so dimensioniert und bezüglich der Anordnung der Ausläufe zum Formhohlraum so gestaltet, dass bei um 45° bis 70° um ihre Längsachse gekippter Gießform mit Querlauf in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt ca.1/5 der für den Guss benötigten Schmelze in den Querlauf eingefüllt werden kann, ohne dass die Schmelze bereits in den Formhohlraum der Gießform einströmt. Im Folgenden wird die Gießform unter ständigem weiterem Einfüllen von Schmelze in den Querlauf bis zur Senkrechten zurückgekippt, wobei die Schmelze über die Ausläufe in den Formhohlraum einströmt. Die Ausläufe des Querlaufes zum Formhohlraum sollten dabei so angeordnet und gestaltet sein, dass die Schmelze, wie beim Kippgießen üblich, entlang einer Seitenwand der Form in den Formhohlraum einströmt.
Das erfindungsgemäße Gießverfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Schmelze während und nach dem Einfüllen in den Querlaufzunächst im Querlaufeinen Teil ihrer vom Einfüllen herrührenden kinetischen Energie verliert und sich beruhigt, bevor sie in den Formhohlraum einströmt. Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, dass zunächst ca. 1/5 der für einen Guss benötigten Schmelze in den Querlaufeingefüllt wird, dieses Quantum an Schmelze sich beruhigt, bevor unter ständigem weiterem Einfüllen von Schmelze in den Querlauf der eigentliche Guss, d.h. das Einströmen der Schmelze in den Formhohlraum, erfolgt. Es steht damit für das Einfüllen der Schmelze in den Querlauf erheblich mehr Zeit zur Verfügung, als aus technologischer Sicht und im Hinblick auf eine hohe Gussqualitätfür das Einströmen der Schmelze in den Formhohlraum optimal ist. Das Einfüllen der Schmelze in den Querlauf kann damit besonders schonend und unter Minimierung von Turbulenzen, insbesondere aber unter Vermeidung von Verwirbelungen und Schaumbildung erfolgen, ohne dass eine Erhöhung der Zeit, die das Einströmen der Schmelze in den Formhohlraum erfordert, notwendig ist. Dadurch und durch das Einströmen der Schmelze in den Einguss durch die Verbindungsöffnungen zwischen Querlauf und Einguss wird erreicht, dass weder Schaum noch ggf. auf der Schmelze aufschwimmende Reaktionsprodukte von Legierungsbestandteilen mit der Umgebungsluft in den Formhohlraum eingetragen werden. Dieser besondere Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird mit vergleichsweise geringem technischen Aufwand erreicht. Das Verfahren erfordert weder ein Arbeiten unter Schutzgas, noch aufwendige und störanfällige technologische Abläufe, wie das dichte Andocken einer Gießwanne oder eine Gießformrotation um 180° mit dem sich dabei bezüglich des Formaufbaus ergebenden Aufwand.
Selbstverständlich sind für ein schonendes und turbulenzarmes Einfüllen eines vorgegebenen Quantums an Schmelze in den Querlaufneben der zur Verfügung stehenden Einfüllzeit das Auftreffen des Schmelzestrahles und der Schmelzefluß im Querlaufvon besonderer Bedeutung. Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn der Schmelzestrahl auf einer um einen Winkel von 5° bis 15° nach außen geneigten, etwa senkrecht zur Kippachse von Gießform und Querlaufstehenden Wand auftrifft und direkt oder nach einer oder mehreren Umlenkungen in Längsrichtung des Querlaufes abfließt, wobei die Konturen des den Schmelzefluß leitenden Wandbereiches des Querlaufes gut gerundet sein sollten. Vorgenannte Bedingungen sollten sowohl zu Beginn des Einfüllens von Schmelze in den Querlauf, d.h. bei um ca. 45° bis 70° um ihre Längsachse gekippter Gießform mit Querlauf, als auch während des Rückkippens von Gießform und Querlauf und des dabei kontinuierlichen weiteren Einfüllens von Schmelze in den Querlaufeingehalten werden. Günstig ist es deshalb, wenn die Kippachse, um die Gießform und Querlaufgekippt wird, durch die Wand, bevorzugt den Wandbereich, aufder der Schmelzestrahl auftrifft verläuft. Kann dies nicht realisiert werden, muß der Schmelzestrahl mittels einer in ihrer Bewegung steuerbaren Vergießeinrichtung an die Bewegung der Wand während des Rückkippvorganges angepasst werden.
Eine weitere Verbesserung der Erfindung kann dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Schmelze nicht direkt in den Querlauf eingefüllt wird, sondern in einen bevorzugt an einer Stirnseite des Querlaufes angeordneten Eingießtümpel. Dadurch können beim Einfüllen der Schmelze unvermeidbare Turbulenzen bereits im Eingießtümpel beruhigt werden, so dass die Schmelze ohne oder mit nur geringen Turbulenzen in den Querlauf einströmt. Ein erheblicherTeil dervom Einfüllen der Schmelze herrührenden kinetischen Energie der Schmelze kann in diesem Fall bereits im Eingießtümpel abgebaut werden.This object is achieved by a method according to the first claim. For this purpose, in a first method step, a casting mold with upwardly pointing sprue, on the longitudinal side of which a cross run connected to the sprue through outlets is arranged, is tilted at 45 ° to 70 ° about its longitudinal axis. The cross-section is dimensioned with respect to its volume and with respect to the arrangement of the outlets to the mold cavity designed so that at 45 ° to 70 ° about its longitudinal axis tilted mold with cross-flow in a second process step ca.1 / 5 of the melt required for the casting in the cross-flow can be filled without the melt already flowing into the mold cavity of the mold. In the following, the casting mold is tilted back into the cross-section up to the vertical, with continuous further filling of melt, the melt flowing in via the outlets into the mold cavity. The outlets of the cross-flow to the mold cavity should be arranged and designed so that the melt, as usual in Kippgießen, flows along a side wall of the mold into the mold cavity.
The casting method according to the invention is characterized in that the melt, during and after filling in the transverse run, first loses in cross-section a part of its filling-in kinetic energy and calms down before it flows into the mold cavity. This is achieved in particular by the fact that first about 1/5 of the melt needed for a casting is filled in the cross-flow, this quantum of melt calmed down, before constantly pouring melt into the cross-flow of the actual casting, ie the inflow of the melt in the mold cavity, takes place. It is thus for the filling of the melt in the cross-section considerably more time available, as is optimal from a technological point of view and in view of a high casting quality for the inflow of the melt into the mold cavity. The filling of the melt in the cross-flow can thus be particularly gentle and with the minimization of turbulence, but in particular avoiding turbulence and foaming, without an increase in the time required for the inflow of the melt into the mold cavity, is necessary. As a result, and by the inflow of the melt into the sprue through the connecting openings between the cross-flow and the sprue, it is achieved that neither foam nor possibly melt-floating reaction products of alloy constituents with the ambient air are introduced into the mold cavity. This particular advantage of the method according to the invention is achieved with comparatively little technical effort. The process requires neither working under inert gas, nor consuming and prone to failure technological processes, such as the tight docking of a tundish or a Gießformrotation by 180 ° with the resulting in terms of mold design effort.
Of course, for a gentle and low turbulence filling of a predetermined amount of melt in the Querlaufneben the available filling time the impact of the melt jet and the melt flow in the cross-flow of particular importance. It is useful if the melt jet impinges on a tilted by an angle of 5 ° to 15 ° outwards, approximately perpendicular to the tilting axis of the casting mold and transverse wall and flows directly or after one or more deflections in the longitudinal direction of the cross-flow, the contours of the should be well rounded the melt flow conductive wall portion of the cross run. The above conditions should both at the beginning of filling melt in the cross-over, ie at about 45 ° to 70 ° about its longitudinal axis tilted mold with cross-over, as well as during the tilting back of the mold and cross-flow and the continuous further filling of melt in the cross run be maintained. It is therefore favorable if the tilting axis, about which the casting mold and cross-section are tilted, runs through the wall, preferably the wall region on which the melt jet impinges. If this can not be realized, the melt jet must be adapted to the movement of the wall during the Rückkippvorganges means of a controllable in their movement Vergießeinrichtung.
A further improvement of the invention can be achieved in that the melt is not filled directly into the cross-flow, but in a pouring basin preferably arranged on an end face of the cross-flow. As a result, unavoidable turbulences can be calmed already in the pouring basin when filling the melt, so that the melt with no or with only slight turbulence in the cross-section flows. A significant portion of the molten metal's melt kinetic energy can in this case already be decomposed in the pouring basin.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles unter Bezugnahme aufdie beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen in

Figur 1:
die schematische Darstellung einer Gießform mit seitlich angeordnetem Querlauf und einem Eingießtümpel an der Stirnseite des Querlaufes sowie einem positionierten Gießlöffel als Vergießeinheit, in
Figur 2a:
den Querschnitt der Gießform mit seitlich angeordnetem Querlauf, in
Figur 2b:
die um 50° gekippte Gießform mit dem mit Schmelze gefüllten Querlauf, in
Figur 2c:
die teilweise rückgekippte Gießform mit in den Formhohlraum einströmender Schmelze
Figur 2d:
die vollständig rückgekippte und mit Schmelze gefüllte Gießform.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It show in
FIG. 1:
the schematic representation of a mold with laterally arranged cross-section and a Eingießtümpel at the front of the cross-section and a positioned ladle as Vergießeinheit, in
FIG. 2a:
the cross section of the mold with laterally arranged cross-section, in
FIG. 2b:
the tilted by 50 ° mold with the melt-filled cross, in
FIG. 2c:
the partially recessed mold with inflowing into the mold cavity melt
FIG. 2d:
the completely recessed mold filled with melt.

Figur 1 zeigt schmatisch eine Gießform 1 für einen Zylinderkopf mit seitlich angeordnetem Querlauf2. An der hinteren Stirnseite des Querlaufes 2 ist ein Eingießtümpel 3 angeordnet Die hintere Stirnseite 4 des Eingießtümpels 3 ist in einem Winkel von 10 ° gegenüber der Senkrechten nach außen geneigt. Der Innenraum des Querlaufes 2 ist durch vier Ausläufe 5 mit dem Formhohlraum der Gießform 1 verbunden. Über dem Eingießtümpel 3 ist ein räumlich bewegbarer und um eine Querachse kippbarer Gießlöffel 6 so positioniert, dass die aus dem Gießlöffel 6 ausströmende Schmelze auf der hinteren Stirnseite 4 des Eingießtümpels 3 auftrifft, wie durch den Pfeil 7 veranschaulicht, und in Längsrichtung von Eingießtümpel 3 und Querlauf2 in den Querlauf2 einströmt. Die Gießform 1 ist um die Achse 8 kippbar
Die Figuren 2a bis 2d veranschaulichen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren. Dabei zeigt Figur 2a zunächst den Querschnitt der Gießform 1 mit seitlich angeordnetem Querlauf 2 und dem Formhohlraum 9. Der Inneraum des Querlaufes 2 ist durch die Ausläufe 5 mit dem Formhohlraum 9 verbunden. Figur 2b zeigt die um ca. 50 ° um die Längsachse 8 gekippte Gießform 1. Die für den Guss benötigte Schmelze wird kontinuierlich mittels des in seiner Bewegung steuerbaren GießlöfFels 6 in den Eingießtümpel 3 eingefüllt, und zwar derart, dass der Schmelzestrahl 7 auf der um 10 ° gegenüber der Senkrechten nach außen geneigten hinteren Stirnwand 4 des Eingießtümpels 3 auftritt und weitgehend wirbelfrei in Längsrichtung des Querlaufes 2 in diesen einströmt. Der Innenraum des Querlaufes 2 wird so zunächst kontinuierlich gefüllt, ohne dass Schmelze in den Formhohlraum 10 einströmt. Figur 2b veranschaulicht diesen Verfahrensschritt. Erreicht der Schmelzestand im Inneraum des Querlaufes 2 die Ausläufe 5 (ca.1/5 der für den Guss benötigten Schmelze befinden sich dann im Innenraum des Querlaufes 2), beginnt die Schmelze durch die Ausläufe 5 entlang der Gießformseitenwand in den Formhohlraum einzuströmen. Die Gießform 1 wird nun kontinuierlich zurückgekippt, wobei kontinuierlich weitere Schmelze aus dem Gießlöffel 6 in den Eingießtümpel 3 und damit den Querlauf2 eingefüllt wird, sich in Eingießtümpel 3 und Querlauf2 beruhigt und entlang der Seitenwand in den Formhohlraum 9 einströmt und diesen füllt, wie Figur 2c zeigt. Das Einfüllen der Schmelze und das Rückkippen der Gießform 1 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die Gießform 1 vollständig zurückgekippt ist, wenn eine Füllung des Formhohlraumes 9 bis zum Speiseransatz erfolgt ist. Abschließend erfolgt die Füllung der Speiser bis zu dem in Figur 2d gezeigten Schmelzestand.FIG. 1 shows schematically a casting mold 1 for a cylinder head with laterally arranged transverse run 2. At the rear end face of the cross-section 2, a pouring basin 3 is arranged. The rear end face 4 of the pouring basin 3 is inclined outwards at an angle of 10 ° with respect to the vertical. The interior of the transverse run 2 is connected by four outlets 5 with the mold cavity of the mold 1. Above the pouring basin 3, a spatially movable pouring spoon 6 which can be tilted about a transverse axis is positioned so that the melt flowing out of the pouring spoon 6 impinges on the rear end face 4 of the pouring basin 3, as illustrated by the arrow 7, and in the longitudinal direction of pouring basins 3 and Querlauf2 flows into the Querlauf2. The casting mold 1 can be tilted about the axis 8
FIGS. 2a to 2d illustrate the method according to the invention. In this case, FIG. 2a initially shows the cross section of the casting mold 1 with laterally arranged transverse run 2 and the mold cavity 9. The interior space of the transverse run 2 is connected to the mold cavity 9 through the outlets 5. FIG. 2b shows the casting mold 1 tilted by about 50 ° about the longitudinal axis 8. The melt required for the casting is continuously introduced into the pouring basin 3 by means of the pourable ball 6, which is controllable in its movement, in such a way that the melt jet 7 is applied to the casting 10 ° relative to the vertical outwardly inclined rear end wall 4 of the Eingießtümpels 3 occurs and largely free of vortex in the longitudinal direction of the cross-flow 2 flows into this. The interior of the transverse run 2 is initially filled continuously without melt flowing into the mold cavity 10. FIG. 2b illustrates this method step. Reached the melt level in the interior of the cross-section 2, the outlets 5 (ca.1 / 5 of the for the Cast required melt are then in the interior of the cross run 2), the melt begins to flow through the spouts 5 along the mold side wall into the mold cavity. The casting mold 1 is now tilted back continuously, wherein continuously more melt from the ladle 6 is filled into the Eingießtümpel 3 and thus the Querlauf2, calms in Eingießtümpel 3 and Querlauf2 and flows along the side wall in the mold cavity 9 and fills it, as Figure 2c shows. The filling of the melt and the tilting back of the mold 1 are coordinated so that the mold 1 is completely tilted back when a filling of the mold cavity 9 has taken place to the feeder attachment. Finally, the feeders are filled up to the melt level shown in FIG. 2d.

Claims (6)

  1. Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept, where the melt is filled into a transverse runner disposed on the longitudinal side of a casting mould by top casting
    characterized by that
    the casting mould (1) first is tilted at an angle of 45° to 70° on its longitudinal axis (8), then the filling of the melt into the transverse runner (2) starts until approx. 1/5 of the melt required for the casting is filled in the transverse runner (2) without the melt already flowing into the mould cavity (9), and afterwards while continuously filling more melt into the transverse runner (2) the casting mould (1) is pivoted from the tilted position into vertical direction in such a way that the melt flows into the mould cavity (9) from the transverse runner (2) along a casting mould wall.
  2. Method to claim 1
    characterized by that
    the melt is filled into a runner basin (3), which is disposed at the transverse runner (2), flowing from the runner basin (3) into the transverse runner (2).
  3. Method to claim 2
    characterized by that
    the melt flows in longitudinal direction of the transverse runner (2) from the runner basin (3) into the transverse runner (2).
  4. Method to any of the previous claims
    characterized by that
    the melt required for one casting is filled into the transverse runner (2) or the runner basin (3) with help of a pouring device (6), and when the casting mould (1) is tilted back from the tilted position into the vertical direction the pouring device (6) is tracked to the movement of the transverse runner (2), or the runner basin (3), respectively, that the melt jet (7) hits a predetermined zone of the wall (4) of the transverse runner (2) or the runner basin (3).
  5. Method to any of the previous claims
    characterized by that
    when the melt is filled into the transverse runner (2) or the runner basin (3) the melt jet (7) hits a wall (4) that is approximately vertical to the tilting axis (8) of the casting mould (1) and the transverse runner (2).
  6. Method to claim 5
    characterized by that
    the tilting axis (8) of the casting mould (1) and the transverse runner (2) runs through the wall (4) which the melt jet (7) hits.
EP05736259A 2004-03-31 2005-03-30 Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept Active EP1742752B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05736259T PL1742752T3 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-30 Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004015649A DE102004015649B3 (en) 2004-03-31 2004-03-31 Process to cast automotive aluminium crankcase and cylinder head by discharge of hot metal into tilted mold
PCT/DE2005/000554 WO2005095025A1 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-30 Method and device for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1742752A1 EP1742752A1 (en) 2007-01-17
EP1742752B1 true EP1742752B1 (en) 2007-10-17

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EP05736259A Active EP1742752B1 (en) 2004-03-31 2005-03-30 Method for casting components from light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP1742752B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE375835T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004015649B3 (en)
ES (1) ES2296166T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1742752T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1742752E (en)
WO (1) WO2005095025A1 (en)

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CN104525865A (en) * 2014-11-29 2015-04-22 西安航空动力控制科技有限公司 Gravity rotated casting pouring basin

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DE102006058142B4 (en) * 2006-12-09 2016-09-01 Volkswagen Ag Method and device for tilt casting of light metal components
DE102008015856A1 (en) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Volkswagen Ag Method for casting components e.g. cylinder crankcases made of light alloys according to the tilt pouring concept, comprises filling melt into assembly assigned to mold and then flowing into mold cavity during tilting motion of the mold
DE112010002827A5 (en) 2009-07-03 2012-06-14 Ksm Castings Gmbh DEVICE, CAST IRON AND METHOD FOR TILTING MOLDING COMPONENTS OF LIGHT METAL AND COMPONENTS THEREOF
DE102010022343B4 (en) 2010-06-01 2017-10-26 Volkswagen Ag Method for tilt casting of components and tilt casting device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2296166T3 (en) 2008-04-16
PT1742752E (en) 2008-01-17
DE102004015649B3 (en) 2005-08-25
WO2005095025A1 (en) 2005-10-13
PL1742752T3 (en) 2008-03-31
DE502005001740D1 (en) 2007-11-29
ATE375835T1 (en) 2007-11-15
EP1742752A1 (en) 2007-01-17

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