EP1737296A1 - Procede pour combattre une plante a tige - Google Patents

Procede pour combattre une plante a tige

Info

Publication number
EP1737296A1
EP1737296A1 EP04801179A EP04801179A EP1737296A1 EP 1737296 A1 EP1737296 A1 EP 1737296A1 EP 04801179 A EP04801179 A EP 04801179A EP 04801179 A EP04801179 A EP 04801179A EP 1737296 A1 EP1737296 A1 EP 1737296A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
stem
needle
cavity
cold medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04801179A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Engelhardt Andersen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1737296A1 publication Critical patent/EP1737296A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
    • A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method " for combating a stem plant (tor.mop.hyte) .
  • stem plant tor.mop.hyte
  • botanical taxonomy stem plants are often classed within the group Kormophyta .
  • Certain species of stem plants have an inconveniently violent spreading; in particular invasive species drive in many areas the original vegetation away.
  • the present invention discloses a new principle for combating such undesirable stem plants .
  • Invasive plant species are plants, which do not originally belong in their present habitat, but which have been taken to the habitat in a natural way orhave been aided by human beings.
  • the increasing travel activity of people throughout several hundred years has contributed considerably to the introduction of invasive plant species.
  • Many invasive plant species have few or no natural enemies and therefore spread in their new habitat to an extent, which threatens the original vegetation and animal life.
  • Often invasive plants will be seen as the dominant plant species within a habitat, for which reason the natural diversity of species is reduced. A reduction of the diversity of species may have a serious impact on the ecosystem. Many stem plants wither away during the winter months. If the invasive species is the dominant one, the ground will be laid bare.
  • the- stem When mowing, the- stem is cut above the centre, of growth. It is, therefore, necessary to mow the plants several times during the growing season. The first time should be before flowering, such that the plant cannot get time to seed. Grazing of an area with stem plants should be initiated so early in the year as possible, before the plants have become too big. Sheep are often used for combating stem plants, but also cows and horses may eat the plants or trample down smaller areas. By use of herbicides the herbicide should only be applied directly to the stem plants. Thereby is ensured that the remaining plants, grasses and dicotyledonous plants in the habitat are given the op- portunity to cover the ground.
  • the present invention relates to a method for combating a stem plant ( orjmophyte) , said method being characterized in feeding a cold medium directly to the root portion of the plant.
  • a stem plant orjmophyte
  • the cold medium according to the invention is introduced ' into; the- root portion, ' of the ' plant. This .makes- . ⁇ the plant wither in the course ' of a few days. Without being confined to any specific theory, it is at this point believed that the supply of the cold medium to the root portion of the plant damages the growth centre. This makes the plant wither.
  • root portion in addi- tion to the actual roots, also includes the lower part of the stem.
  • the lower part of the stem may for instance be the bottom 10 cm above ground level.
  • the cold medium may be a gas, a liquid or a solid substance having a temperature under 0°C.
  • the cold medium is preferably a liquefied gas. .Gases, which, when liquefied, are suitable . for carrying out the present invention, are primarily the components of air, i.e. nitrogen, oxygen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof. Carbon dioxide is pre- ferred under certain circumstances, as the gas is heavier than air and therefore forms an insulating cushion around the spot of treatment .
  • the stem plant which is subjected to treatment according to the method, may be any arbitrary plant, which taxonomically can be classed within the group Kormophyta .
  • This taxonomical group includes i.a. plants belonging to the umbelliferous plant family ⁇ Apiaceae) , the composite family (Asteraceae) , the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae) , and the balsam family (Balsaminaceae) .
  • the invention is in particular suitable for combating 1 or, 2 year old stem plants, which are characterized by a soft, inner tissue, per- ⁇ haps -with ' a . ' natural ' central ' cavity,- and', a . "harder outer tissue.
  • a cavity may in a simple manner be established in the stem, through which the cold medium can be supplied.
  • Umbelliferous plants constitute a considerable problem, as they are often very big and form a huge amount of seeds. Many umbelliferous plants contain a juice, which, when applied to the skin and subjected to sunlight, leads to an inflammatory reaction.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to provide a method for combating plants belonging to the umbelliferous plant family.
  • the genus hogweed ⁇ Heracleum in particular the species giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) , constitute a widespread problem.
  • Giant hogweed originates from the Caucasus and came to Denmark about 1870. It thrived well and spread only a little, but after 50-100 years the species started spreading heavily and uncontrollably. Today it constitutes a big problem in marshes, meadows and salt' meadows, in the woodland, in recrea- tional areas and other uncultivated areas in all the northern, western and central parts of Europe.
  • Giant hogweed ⁇ Heracleum mantegazzianum spreads by means of seed.
  • a big plant may run approx. 50,000 seeds, of which approximately a fourth may germinate. This means that one plant may in theory multiply to approx. 12,000 plants after two years, and after two more years the plants may produce 144 millions of seeds. Fortunately, the seeds are not always spread to places of growth, where there they may shoot, but the example demonstrates that a single plant may be the reason why a big area in the course of a few
  • the seeds may retain the ability to shoot in the ground for at least 7 - 8 years.
  • the seeds are flat and light and can be brought far by the wind.
  • the seeds flow well on water, and as hogweed normally grows along streams, it may spread far and wide into a bigger system of streams.
  • Giant hogweed is a biennial plant and normally gains a height .of 2 - 4 m, when in bloom.
  • the .stem is hollow and may have a thickness of up to 10 cm.
  • the leaves are big and lush green, often meters long and pinnatisect.
  • the flowers are small and white and positioned in big umbels.
  • the centre umbel may have a diameter of more than half a meter.
  • the cold medium can be applied to the plant in an arbitrary way, which ensures that the medium is applied directly to the root portion of the plant.
  • the cold medium may advantageously be introduced into a cavity in the stem.
  • the cavity is natural for certain plant species, in others the cavity has to be established by means of a suitable tool.
  • the cavity it is preferred to establish the cavity with a suitable tool, even in cases where the plant has a natural cavity, in order to bring the cold medium close to the growth centre of the plant, which is normally present in the transition between the stem and the roots. It is therefore preferred that the cavity extends to the growth centre of the plant or an adja- cent area.
  • the tool may for. instance be a needle, a drill, an awl, a spear, a bullet from a pistol, etc. •
  • the stem ' is- ' cut immediately above ground ' level .
  • the upper- part of the plant is disposed of in the usual manner, preferably by burning, to destroy the seeds.
  • the stem is advantageously cut 0 to 100 mm above ground level, preferably approximately 50 mm above ground level. By the cutting the internal tissue or the cavity of the stem is exposed.
  • the cold medium can be introduced right -away into a cavity, following which the medium will penetrate down to the root portion of the plant .
  • Nitrogen is in particular usable in this respect, as the liquefied gas has turned out to possess a consid- -erable ability of distributing itself. It may be advantageous to establish an extension of an already existing cavity by means of a suitable tool, for instance a needle.
  • establishing a cavity after the cutting of the stem by introducing a needle into the plant flesh, removing the needle from the plant, blowing out the plant flesh from the needle, and sticking the needle into the cavity in order to inject the cold medium into the plant.
  • Another embodiment is in particular usable for plants with a natural cavity or a soft internal tissue.
  • the embodiment comprises the steps of: establishing a cavity by sticking a needle directly into the stem and subsequently forcing said needle down into the plant flesh, removing the needle, blowing out the plant flesh from the needle, and sticking the needle into the cavity in order to inject the cold medium into the plant .
  • this - other ' -embodiment- ' is ' mainly ' applicable ' • for plants ' , which have not yet developed ovules, for ' in- stance first-year plants of bienneal plant species.
  • the needle is advantageously connected with a container containing the cold medium by means of a suitable high-pressure tube, which is capable of withstanding pressure and cold.
  • the needle may be provided with one, two or more cutter blades to facilitate the penetration into the plant tissue.
  • the object of the cutter blades is to provide a bigger surface of the root portion of the plant for absorption of cold from the cold medium.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first method comprising four steps
  • Fig. 2 shows a second method comprising four steps
  • Fig. 3 shows (a) a view before and (b) a view after the treatment according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows (a) a view of a plant, which is being treated, and (b) a close-up view of the plant after the treatment
  • Fig. 5 shows equipment for performing the method according to the invention.
  • the method shown in Fig. 1 comprises four steps: cutting the stem of a hogweed, introducing a needle into the growth centre, blowing out plant flesh and introducing liquefied gas into the growth centre of the plant .
  • the treatment according to the invention may . advantageously- be " performed in . " May/June. As the ' seed umbels of biennial ' plants have 5 to be removed at this point of time, it may be practical to carry out the operations simultaneously.
  • the method according to the invention may be performed on the one-year plants up to the period with hard frost .
  • the stem of the plant is cut approximately 5 cm above ground, following which in the second step a needle is introduced into the root portion of the plant, in which the growth centre is present.
  • Fig. 3(a) shows the needle in the cut stem
  • the. needle is ' stuck approximately 10 cm down into the. stem/the leaf and retracted immediately afterwards, such that the plant flesh is positioned in the tube of the needle.
  • the plant flesh in the needle is
  • liquefied gas in the form of liquefied C0 2 is introduced directly into the hole/the wound made by the needle.
  • Fig. 3(b) shows the appearance of the hogweed after introduction of C0 2 . The plant tissue is clearly damaged, and
  • Fig. 4(a) shows how C0 2 is injected into a cavity in the plant
  • Fig. 4(b) shows, how a white cover of solid and sublimed C0 2 has been provided within and on top of the root portion of the
  • the cutting and the treatment according to the invention may take place both in the one-year and two-year stage of the hogweed. To get the highest effect the treatment is carried out on both one-year and biennial plants .
  • a needle may, as • shown ' in ..Fig ' .-, . 2, be stuck, .directly into the stem ' . ' . '
  • the needle is firstly to be stuck substantially perpen- dicular to the stem, following which it has to be directed towards the root.
  • the procedure is then identical with the first description of the method, in which the stem was cut.
  • the needle is withdrawn again and the plant flesh in the tube of the needle is blown out.
  • the needle is pressed in at the same point as in case of the first injection and is turned towards the root portion, and the liquefied C0 2 is then poured out into the stem.
  • the risk of the sticking in method is that the plant may .shoot again from its many points of . growth in the growth centre.
  • the reason for an unsuccessful treatment may be that the sting of the needle has not been placed accurately enough, or that the introduction of C0 2 has been too careless. It is important that the heat of evaporation of the C0 2 is being collected from the growth centre of the plant, as growth points, which have to be influenced by the cold medium, are present in the growth centre .
  • the equipment used for the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and 2 for injection of N 2 or C0 2 comprises a needle 5 with cutter blades 6, an injection valve 4, a flexible high-pressure tube 3, a container valve 2 and a 6 kg high-pressure container 1 with a riser pipe.
  • the equipment is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the cutter blades in the point of the needle have been mounted to cut the plant, tissue for the .

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour combattre une plante à tige, procédé dans lequel un milieu froid est alimenté directement sur la partie racine de la plante. Le milieu froid est de préférence un gaz liquéfié, par exemple du N2 ou du CO2, qui est alimenté sur ou à proximité des centres de croissance de la plante. Il est à noter que la plante se fane après une certaine durée.
EP04801179A 2004-03-30 2004-12-09 Procede pour combattre une plante a tige Withdrawn EP1737296A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200400504 2004-03-30
PCT/DK2004/000855 WO2005094574A1 (fr) 2004-03-30 2004-12-09 Procede pour combattre une plante a tige

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1737296A1 true EP1737296A1 (fr) 2007-01-03

Family

ID=34959405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04801179A Withdrawn EP1737296A1 (fr) 2004-03-30 2004-12-09 Procede pour combattre une plante a tige

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1737296A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005094574A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202017001344U1 (de) 2017-03-14 2017-04-12 Enno Grünefeld Fräser zur Zerstörung von Speicherwurzeln von Heracleum mantegazzianum
FR3066361B1 (fr) * 2017-05-16 2019-08-23 Jacques Rigaill Procede et machine pour retirer du materiel de type vegetal vivant d'une surface rigide
FR3070827B1 (fr) * 2017-09-12 2019-09-20 Arbeausolutions Procede de devitalisation des vegetaux
FR3070826B1 (fr) * 2017-09-12 2019-09-20 Arbeausolutions Procede de devitalisation des vegetaux
WO2019053354A1 (fr) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-21 Arbeausolutions Procede de devitalisation des vegetaux
RU2706466C1 (ru) * 2019-01-15 2019-11-19 Глеб Павлович Степанов Способ уничтожения борщевика сосновского

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2424096C3 (de) * 1974-05-17 1981-06-11 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beseitigung und Vernichtung von Pflanzen
US4090328A (en) * 1977-05-04 1978-05-23 Hercules Incorporated Method and apparatus for treating trees
US4322910A (en) 1979-11-16 1982-04-06 Garbo Paul W Cryogenic defoliation
DE3732178C1 (en) * 1987-09-24 1988-07-28 Johann Besler Process and apparatus for destroying weed plants, and herbicide
EP1298980A2 (fr) * 2000-07-10 2003-04-09 Peter M. Wild Procede et appareil d'injection pour plantes ligneuses

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005094574A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005094574A1 (fr) 2005-10-13

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