EP1736706B1 - Device for introducing materials into a reaction chamber - Google Patents

Device for introducing materials into a reaction chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1736706B1
EP1736706B1 EP06011412.1A EP06011412A EP1736706B1 EP 1736706 B1 EP1736706 B1 EP 1736706B1 EP 06011412 A EP06011412 A EP 06011412A EP 1736706 B1 EP1736706 B1 EP 1736706B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction space
metal tube
feed
substances
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06011412.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1736706A3 (en
EP1736706A2 (en
Inventor
Hanno Tautz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to PL06011412T priority Critical patent/PL1736706T3/en
Publication of EP1736706A2 publication Critical patent/EP1736706A2/en
Publication of EP1736706A3 publication Critical patent/EP1736706A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1736706B1 publication Critical patent/EP1736706B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/76—Protecting flame and burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07021—Details of lances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00018—Means for protecting parts of the burner, e.g. ceramic lining outside of the flame tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing and introducing gases and / or liquids into a hot reaction space, which consists of at least one metal tube whose reaction chamber end is open and which is connected to a device via which the starting materials of the device can be fed.
  • Such a device is, for example, a burner for firing a combustion chamber, which has a burner head which consists of at least one outer metal tube and an inner tube arranged concentrically therewith.
  • the inner tube is used for.
  • a fuel gas is passed as the supply of an oxidizing agent, while in the annular gap formed by the two tubes. If air is used as the oxidizing agent, this usually ensures adequate cooling of the burner head.
  • the end of the outer metal tube is often provided with a cooling channel, which is supplied via an externally welded cooling water coil with cooling water.
  • Water-cooled burners have the disadvantage that high temperature gradients between the inside and outside of the water-cooled zone can cause strong temperature stresses in the material, as a result of which cracking and leakage can occur.
  • temperature zones develop in which, in conjunction with a reducing reaction space atmosphere in typical high-temperature steels, a "metal dusting" called corrosion occurs, so that removal and thus destruction of the burner material takes place.
  • metal dusting called corrosion occurs, so that removal and thus destruction of the burner material takes place.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be used even at high reaction chamber temperatures, if it is not equipped with a water cooling.
  • the outer surface of the metal tube is surrounded by a layer of heat-insulating refractory material which extends from the reaction chamber side end of the metal tube along the tube axis, and the metal tube at its reaction chamber end end has a wall thickness which is between 0.1 and 3mm.
  • the heat insulating refractory material is mounted so as to surround the metal tube over its entire length.
  • the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is dimensioned so that damage to the metal tube at the expected reaction space temperatures is reliably avoided.
  • the heat-insulating refractory material is a casting or ramming mass or a composite of heat-resistant fibers.
  • the refractory material also has a sufficiently high mechanical and chemical stability in order to be resistant under the conditions prevailing in the operating conditions (gas vibrations, aggressive atmosphere in the reaction chamber).
  • the refractory thermal insulation does not protrude beyond the metal tube. This ensures that even then defined flow conditions prevail at the reaction chamber end of the metal tube, if parts of the refractory thermal insulation dissolve during operation and defects occur.
  • its reaction chamber side end is designed with a small wall thickness, which is smaller by a factor> 10 than the actual wall thickness of the metal tube.
  • the pipe wall thickness increases continuously upstream, whereby a rapid removal of heat absorbed at the pipe end is achieved and overheating of the pipe end is avoided.
  • a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that at least the metal tube is made of a material that provides protection against the designated as "metal dusting" corrosion shape.
  • at least the metal tube is made of an oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloy, a so-called ODS material.
  • the feedstocks are, for example, hydrocarbons and / or air or / and oxygen-enriched air and / or technically pure oxygen and / or water vapor and / or hydrogen and / or carbon dioxide and / or carbon monoxide.
  • the invention is suitable for introducing liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons and preferably hydrocarbons, which consist of more than 80 vol% of methane, together with an oxidizing agent in a reaction space and burn.
  • the oxidizing agent which is air or oxygen-enriched air or technically pure oxygen, is supplied in such an amount that the combustion proceeds with an air ratio of between 0.5 and 1.5.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Mischung und Einleitung von Gasen und/oder Flüssigkeiten in einen heißen Reaktionsraum, welche zumindest aus einem Metallrohr besteht, dessen reaktionsraumseitiges Ende offen ist und das mit einer Einrichtung verbunden ist, über die die Einsatzstoffe der Vorrichtung zuführbar sind.The invention relates to a device for mixing and introducing gases and / or liquids into a hot reaction space, which consists of at least one metal tube whose reaction chamber end is open and which is connected to a device via which the starting materials of the device can be fed.

Bei einer derartigen Vorrichtung handelt es sich beispielsweise um einen Brenner zur Befeuerung einer Brennkammer, die einen Brennerkopf besitzt, der zumindest aus einem äußeren Metallrohr und einem konzentrisch zu diesem angeordneten inneren Rohr besteht. Das innere Rohr dient z. B. der Zuführung eines Oxidationsmittels, während in dem von den beiden Rohren gebildeten Ringspalt ein Brenngas geführt wird. Wird als Oxidationsmittel Luft verwendet, sorgt diese üblicherweise für eine ausreichende Kühlung des Brennerkopfes. Sofern jedoch technisch reiner Sauerstoff oder mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft zu Verbrennung eingesetzt wird oder wenn die Gase vorgewärmt in den Brennerkopf eingeleitet werden, ist das Ende des äußeren Metallrohres häufig mit einem Kühlkanal versehen, der über eine außen angeschweißte Kühlwasserwendel mit Kühlwasser versorgt wird.Such a device is, for example, a burner for firing a combustion chamber, which has a burner head which consists of at least one outer metal tube and an inner tube arranged concentrically therewith. The inner tube is used for. As the supply of an oxidizing agent, while in the annular gap formed by the two tubes, a fuel gas is passed. If air is used as the oxidizing agent, this usually ensures adequate cooling of the burner head. However, if technically pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is used for combustion or if the gases are preheated introduced into the burner head, the end of the outer metal tube is often provided with a cooling channel, which is supplied via an externally welded cooling water coil with cooling water.

Das Dokument US 4 614 159 offenbart einen derartige Brenner.The document US 4,614,159 discloses such a burner.

Wassergekühlte Brenner weisen den Nachteil auf, dass durch hohe Temperaturgradienten zwischen Innen- und Außenseite der wassergekühlten Zone starke Temperaturspannungen im Material auftreten können, deren Folge Rissbildung und Leckagen sein können. Außerdem bilden sich Temperaturzonen aus, in denen in Verbindung mit einer reduzierenden Reaktionsraumatmosphäre bei typischen Hochtemperaturstählen eine "Metal Dusting" genannte Korrosionsform auftritt, sodass ein Abtrag und somit eine Zerstörung des Brennermaterials erfolgt. Darüber hinaus kommt es an den gekühlten Brennkopfteilen und ggf. auch an der Kühlwasserwendel zur Bildung von Ruß.Water-cooled burners have the disadvantage that high temperature gradients between the inside and outside of the water-cooled zone can cause strong temperature stresses in the material, as a result of which cracking and leakage can occur. In addition, temperature zones develop in which, in conjunction with a reducing reaction space atmosphere in typical high-temperature steels, a "metal dusting" called corrosion occurs, so that removal and thus destruction of the burner material takes place. In addition, it comes at the cooled combustion head parts and possibly also at the cooling water coil to form soot.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, dass sie auch dann bei hohen Reaktionsraumtemperaturen einsetzbar ist, wenn sie nicht mit einer Wasserkühlung ausgestattet ist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned in such a way that it can be used even at high reaction chamber temperatures, if it is not equipped with a water cooling.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Außenfläche des Metallrohres mit einer Schicht aus wärmeisolierendem Feuerfestmaterial umgeben, welche sich vom reaktionsraumseitigen Endes des Metallrohres entlang der Rohrachse erstreckt, und weist das Metallrohr an seinem reaktionsraumseitigen Endes eine Wandstärke auf, die zwischen 0,1 und 3mm liegt.This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Advantageous further developments are specified in the dependent claims. According to the invention, the outer surface of the metal tube is surrounded by a layer of heat-insulating refractory material which extends from the reaction chamber side end of the metal tube along the tube axis, and the metal tube at its reaction chamber end end has a wall thickness which is between 0.1 and 3mm.

Vorzugsweise ist das wärmeisolierende Feuerfestmaterial so angebracht, dass es das Metallrohr auf dessen ganzer Länge umgibt. Die Dicke der wärmeisolierenden Schicht ist so bemessen, dass eine Schädigung des Metallrohres bei den zu erwartenden Reaktionsraumtemperaturen sicher vermieden wird.Preferably, the heat insulating refractory material is mounted so as to surround the metal tube over its entire length. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer is dimensioned so that damage to the metal tube at the expected reaction space temperatures is reliably avoided.

Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei dem wärmeisolierenden Feuerfestmaterial um eine Gieß- oder Stampfmasse oder um einen Verbund aus hitzebeständigen Fasern. Neben einer guten wärmeisolierenden Wirkung weist das Feuerfestmaterial auch eine ausreichend hohe mechanische und chemische Stabilität auf, um unter den im Betrieb herrschenden Bedingungen (Gasschwingungen, aggressive Atmosphäre im Reaktionsraum) beständig zu sein.Preferably, the heat-insulating refractory material is a casting or ramming mass or a composite of heat-resistant fibers. In addition to a good heat-insulating effect, the refractory material also has a sufficiently high mechanical and chemical stability in order to be resistant under the conditions prevailing in the operating conditions (gas vibrations, aggressive atmosphere in the reaction chamber).

Dem Erfindungsgedanken gemäß überragt die feuerfeste Wärmeisolierung das Metallrohr nicht. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass auch dann definierte Strömungsverhältnisse am reaktionsraumseitigen Ende des Metallrohres herrschen, wenn sich während des Betriebs Teile der feuerfesten Wärmeisolierung lösen und Fehlstellen entstehen. Um die der Wärmestrahlung direkt ausgesetzte Fläche des Metallrohres klein zu halten, wird sein reaktionsraumseitiges Ende mit einer geringen Wandstärke ausgeführt, die um einen Faktor > 10 kleiner ist als die eigentliche Wandstärke des Metallrohres ist. Erfindungsgemaß nimmt die Rohrwandstärke stromaufwärts kontinuierlich zu, wodurch ein schneller Abtransport der am Rohrende absorbierten Wärme erreicht und eine Überhitzung des Rohrendes vermieden wird.According to the idea of the invention, the refractory thermal insulation does not protrude beyond the metal tube. This ensures that even then defined flow conditions prevail at the reaction chamber end of the metal tube, if parts of the refractory thermal insulation dissolve during operation and defects occur. In order to keep the heat radiation directly exposed surface of the metal tube small, its reaction chamber side end is designed with a small wall thickness, which is smaller by a factor> 10 than the actual wall thickness of the metal tube. According to the invention, the pipe wall thickness increases continuously upstream, whereby a rapid removal of heat absorbed at the pipe end is achieved and overheating of the pipe end is avoided.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sieht vor, das zumindest das Metallrohr aus einem Material besteht, das einen Schutz gegen die als "Metal Dusting" bezeichnete Korrosionsform bietet. Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird zumindest das Metallrohr aus einer oxiddispersionsverfestigte Legierung, einem sog. ODS-Werkstoff, gefertigt. Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind Einsatzstoffe, deren Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 700°C, bevorzugt zwischen 200 und 600°C liegen und die Drücke zwischen 1 und 100bara, bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 30bara aufweisen, in einen Reaktionsraum einbringbar, in welchem Temperaturen bis zu 2000°C herrschen. Bei den Einsatzstoffen handelt es sich beispielsweise um Kohlenwasserstoffe oder/und Luft oder/und mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft oder/und technisch reinen Sauerstoff oder/und Wasserdampf oder/und Wasserstoff oder/und Kohlendioxid oder/und Kohlenmonoxid. Insbesondere eignet sich die Erfindung dazu, flüssige oder gasförmige Kohlenwasserstoffe und bevorzugt Kohlenwasserstoffe, die zu mehr als 80Vol% aus Methan bestehen, gemeinsam mit einem Oxidationsmittel in einen Reaktionsraum einzubringen und zu verbrennen. Das Oxidationsmittel, bei dem es sich um Luft oder um mit Sauerstoff angereicherte Luft oder um technisch reinen Sauerstoff handelt, wird hierbei in einer solchen Menge zugeführt, dass die Verbrennung mit einer Luftzahl abläuft, die zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 liegt.A preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that at least the metal tube is made of a material that provides protection against the designated as "metal dusting" corrosion shape. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, at least the metal tube is made of an oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloy, a so-called ODS material. By means of the device according to the invention are starting materials whose temperatures between 100 and 700 ° C, preferably between 200 and 600 ° C and the pressures between 1 and 100bara, preferably between 10 and 30bara, can be introduced into a reaction space, in which temperatures up to 2000 ° C prevail. The feedstocks are, for example, hydrocarbons and / or air or / and oxygen-enriched air and / or technically pure oxygen and / or water vapor and / or hydrogen and / or carbon dioxide and / or carbon monoxide. In particular, the invention is suitable for introducing liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons and preferably hydrocarbons, which consist of more than 80 vol% of methane, together with an oxidizing agent in a reaction space and burn. The oxidizing agent, which is air or oxygen-enriched air or technically pure oxygen, is supplied in such an amount that the combustion proceeds with an air ratio of between 0.5 and 1.5.

Claims (9)

  1. Device for mixing and introducing feed substances such as gases and/or liquids into a hot reaction space, said device comprising at least one metal tube, the reaction space end of which is open, and which is connected to an apparatus providing a means for feeding the feed substances into the device, wherein the outer surface of the metal tube is surrounded by a layer of heat insulating refractory material which extends along the tube axis starting from the metal tube end on the side of the reaction space, characterized in that the metal tube end on the side of the reaction space has a wall thickness of between 0.1 and 3 mm, wherein the tube wall thickness increases continually in the upsteam direction, thereby achieving a fast removal of the heat absorbed at the tube end and preventing an overheating thereof.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heat insulating refractory material surrounds the metal tube along its full length.
  3. Device according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the heat insulating refractory material is a casting slip or ramming compound or a composite of heat resistant fibres.
  4. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the metal tube is made of a material offering protection against the corrosion form known as "metal dusting".
  5. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal tube is manufactured of an oxide dispersion strengthened alloy (ODS material).
  6. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the feed substances having temperatures of between 100 and 700 °C and preferably of between 200 and 600 °C may be introduced into the reaction space.
  7. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least two substances selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, air, oxygen enriched air, technically pure oxygen, steam, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide may be introduced into the reaction space as feed substances.
  8. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a feed substance containing more than 80 vol% of methane may be introduced into the reaction space.
  9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that an oxidizing agent may be introduced as feed substance into the reaction space, said oxidizing agent being air or oxygen enriched air or technically pure oxygen.
EP06011412.1A 2005-06-22 2006-06-01 Device for introducing materials into a reaction chamber Not-in-force EP1736706B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL06011412T PL1736706T3 (en) 2005-06-22 2006-06-01 Device for introducing materials into a reaction chamber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005029317A DE102005029317A1 (en) 2005-06-22 2005-06-22 Device for introducing substances into a reaction space

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1736706A2 EP1736706A2 (en) 2006-12-27
EP1736706A3 EP1736706A3 (en) 2010-11-24
EP1736706B1 true EP1736706B1 (en) 2019-05-01

Family

ID=36997880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06011412.1A Not-in-force EP1736706B1 (en) 2005-06-22 2006-06-01 Device for introducing materials into a reaction chamber

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7510395B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1736706B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1884914B (en)
DE (1) DE102005029317A1 (en)
PL (1) PL1736706T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2409788C2 (en)
TW (1) TWI386600B (en)
ZA (1) ZA200605099B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8479720B1 (en) 2008-10-16 2013-07-09 Oscar Enrique Figueroa Heating device and method
CN102901114B (en) * 2012-09-28 2015-04-29 长兴国盛耐火材料有限公司 Coal injection pipe sheath
DE102013014988A1 (en) 2013-09-07 2015-03-26 Messer Austria Gmbh burner
EP3023141A1 (en) * 2014-11-20 2016-05-25 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for initiating reactive gases into a reaction chamber

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1884914A (en) 2006-12-27
ZA200605099B (en) 2007-09-26
TWI386600B (en) 2013-02-21
PL1736706T3 (en) 2019-09-30
RU2409788C2 (en) 2011-01-20
CN1884914B (en) 2011-03-30
US20070077531A1 (en) 2007-04-05
RU2006121967A (en) 2007-12-27
EP1736706A3 (en) 2010-11-24
DE102005029317A1 (en) 2006-12-28
TW200710347A (en) 2007-03-16
EP1736706A2 (en) 2006-12-27
US7510395B2 (en) 2009-03-31

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