EP1733996B1 - Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail - Google Patents

Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1733996B1
EP1733996B1 EP05425426A EP05425426A EP1733996B1 EP 1733996 B1 EP1733996 B1 EP 1733996B1 EP 05425426 A EP05425426 A EP 05425426A EP 05425426 A EP05425426 A EP 05425426A EP 1733996 B1 EP1733996 B1 EP 1733996B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
cylinder
fluid
distributor
control valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05425426A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1733996A1 (fr
Inventor
Andrea Storci
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Rexroth Oil Control SpA
Original Assignee
Bosch Rexroth Oil Control SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bosch Rexroth Oil Control SpA filed Critical Bosch Rexroth Oil Control SpA
Priority to DE602005013196T priority Critical patent/DE602005013196D1/de
Priority to AT05425426T priority patent/ATE425118T1/de
Priority to EP05425426A priority patent/EP1733996B1/fr
Publication of EP1733996A1 publication Critical patent/EP1733996A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1733996B1 publication Critical patent/EP1733996B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/065—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
    • B66F9/22—Hydraulic devices or systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2203—Arrangements for controlling the attitude of actuators, e.g. speed, floating function
    • E02F9/2207—Arrangements for controlling the attitude of actuators, e.g. speed, floating function for reducing or compensating oscillations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
    • E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
    • E02F9/2217—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives with energy recovery arrangements, e.g. using accumulators, flywheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates in particular to vehicles having elastic wheels (for example rubber wheels) and provided with a loading tool (eg a spade or a fork or the like) supported by an arm hinged on the vehicle structure.
  • the arm is rotatable between a lowered position, in which the loading tool is before the vehicle, to a raised position.
  • the arm is raised and lowered by means of a hydraulic cylinder to which a hydraulic accumulator is connected through a conduit provided with a block valve.
  • the block valve can be electrically or hydraulically controlled so as to enable two-way fluid passage between the cylinder and the accumulator, or in order to block the flow from the cylinder towards the accumulator in one or both directions.
  • the two chambers of the arm raising and lowering cylinder are connected to a selector valve or three-way distributor.
  • the distributor In two extreme positions the distributor is configured in such a way as to send pressurised fluid to one of the two chambers and to receive the fluid at a lower pressure which has been discharged from the opposite chamber.
  • a flow block and/or control valve can be installed on the conduit supplying the cylinder chamber for raising the arm. This valve is generally commanded to open by a hydraulic pilot or by means of electrical or electronic commands when the distributor is in the position in which the pressurised fluid is sent to the chamber for lowering the arm.
  • the accumulator is directly connected to the cylinder raising chamber, or to the conduit that connects the raising chamber to the distributor at an intermediate point between the flow rate block and/or control valve and the raising valve.
  • the connection between the raising chamber of the cylinder and the hydraulic accumulator is realised by commanding the opening of the block valve interpositioned between the cylinder and the accumulator.
  • the raising chamber is in communication with the hydraulic accumulator it is necessary to connect the cylinder lowering chamber with a low-pressure zone or with the apparatus reservoir tank: for lowering oscillations of the arm the lowering chamber increases its volume by recalling fluid from the tank; for raising oscillations of the arm, the lowering chamber reduces its volume by expelling the fluid which is collected in the tank.
  • the lowering chamber of the cylinder is directly connected to the low-pressure environment or reservoir tank by a further conduit, which is provided with a block valve.
  • a further conduit which is provided with a block valve.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic apparatus for raising and lowering an arm which is hinged to a work vehicle, which does not require a further conduit for connecting the tank of the apparatus, i.e. a lower-pressure environment, with one of the hydraulic cylinder chambers in order to enable an oscillation of the arm itself.
  • the apparatus of the invention can be used either on work vehicles where the arm 2 is hinged to a posterior zone of the vehicle 20, as in the case of figure 1 in which a lift truck is shown, provided with a telescopic arm 2, or on vehicles in which the arm 2 is hinged to a median or front zone of the vehicle 20, as in the case of figure 2 in which a machine for earth movement is illustrated.
  • the arm 2 is provided with a loading tool 1 positioned at the opposite end with respect to the end that is hinged on the vehicle 20.
  • the arm 2 is rotatable between a lowered position in which the tool 1 is in front of the vehicle 20, and a raised position, in which it is above a lowered position thereof.
  • the form of the arm 2 bearing the tool 1 can be different, depending on the type of use envisaged: it can be a single structure or can be made up of several parts which are interconnected and parallel ( figure 2 ), or in series, or the parts can be telescopically connected, one inside another ( figure 1 ).
  • the apparatus comprises at least a hydraulic cylinder 3 hinged to the vehicle 20 and the arm 2 in such a way that, by extending, it activates the arm in rotation towards the raised position, and by retracting it activates the arm in rotation towards the lowered position.
  • the piston liner is hinged to the vehicle 20 and the stem to the arm 2, while the opposite is true of the configuration of figure 2 .
  • the hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided with a first chamber 7 and a second chamber 8 which are separated by the piston 3a of the cylinder.
  • the first chamber 7, on receiving fluid, increases its volume and the cylinder 3 extends, i.e. the piston 3a displaces towards the second chamber 8 pushing the stem outwards and causing the arm 2 to be raised. If the second chamber 8 receives fluid, the cylinder 3 shortens, i.e. the stem is drawn by the piston 3a inside the cylinder and the arm 2 lowers.
  • the fluid supply is generally supplied by a positive displacement pump 21 which is served by a fluid tank 22, while the discharge is constituted by a conduit which extends between the distributor 11 and the tank 22.
  • the distributor 11 In a first position the distributor 11 connects the first chamber 7 to the fluid supply and the second chamber 8 to the discharge; in a second position it connects the second chamber 8 to the fluid supply and the first chamber 7 to the discharge; in a central, or neutral, position it does not connect the first chamber 7 to the fluid supply and enables the discharge of the fluid from the second chamber 8 of the cylinder 3 to the tank 22.
  • the central position (or neutral) of the distributor is illustrated, in which it can be observed that the first conduit 9 is not in communication with the pump 21, while the second chamber 8, through the second conduit 10, is in communication with the tank 22.
  • the first control valve 12 is positioned along the first conduit 9 and is conformed in such a way that, while it always enables the fluid flow from the distributor 11 to the first chamber 7, it prevents flow of fluid from the chamber 7 to the distributor 11 until the pressure internally of the first chamber 7 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the first control valve 12 can be commanded to open in order to enable the fluid flow from the first chamber towards the distributor 11 at the moment in which the distributor 11 displaces into the second position.
  • the command to open the valve can be made by hydraulic piloting removed from the second chamber 8 or by means of an electric signal.
  • the first control valve 12 has the function of restraining and controlling the downwards movement of the arm 2 should the first conduit 9 be faulty. For this reason it is generally arranged very close to the cylinder 3 or indeed is inserted in a flanged body on the cylinder 3 itself.
  • the first control valve 12 however represents a normal safety device and is not a determining element for the operability of the apparatus of the invention.
  • the apparatus further comprises a hydraulic accumulator 4 which is interpositioned between the first chamber 7 and the first control valve 12.
  • the accumulator 4 is constituted by one or more containers which oppose a predetermined resistance against the inlet of fluid.
  • the container or containers can contain, for example, an expanding chamber which is able elastically to vary its volume, between a maximum expansion and a minimum expansion, where the configuration of maximum expansion is the rest configuration.
  • the inlet of the fluid internally of the accumulator compresses the expanding chamber, which tends to oppose and push the fluid externalwise.
  • the accumulator 4 is connected to the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3 through a third conduit 5 along which a block valve 6 is positioned, which can be activated by means of a command unit 16 to move between a first configuration, in which it does not allow passage of fluid between the first chamber 7 and the hydraulic accumulator 4, and a second configuration in which the fluid passage from the first chamber 7 to the accumulator 4 is possible in both directions.
  • the block valve 6 is activated in the second configuration when the distributor 11 is in the central position and when it is required that the arm oscillate.
  • the apparatus also comprises a second control valve 14 interpositioned between the second chamber 8 of the cylinder 3 and the distributor 11.
  • the second control valve 14 is predisposed to enable the flow of fluid from the distributor 11 to the second chamber 8 of the cylinder 3 and to prevent the inverse flow from the chamber 8 to the distributor 11 due to pressures internal of the first chamber 7 of below a certain value.
  • the second control valve 14 is positioned along the second conduit 10 and is conformed in such a way that, while it always permits the fluid flow from the distributor 11 to the second chamber 8, it enables the fluid flow from the chamber 8 towards the distributor 11 only when the pressure internally of the first chamber 7 reaches a predetermined value.
  • the second control valve 14 can be commanded to open to enable the fluid flow from the second chamber 8 towards the distributor 11 at the moment when the distributor 11 displaces into the first position or the central position.
  • the command to open the valve can be made by hydraulic piloting taken from the first chamber, or by an electrical signal.
  • the second control valve 14 can be made as a balancing valve piloted to open by a pressure signal taken from the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3, or alternatively it can be constituted by a two-way solenoid valve commanded to open by a pressure switch 15 which detects the pressure existing in the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3.
  • the apparatus operates as follows.
  • the distributor 11 When the distributor 11 is in the first position, the fluid sent by the pump 21, crossing the first control valve 12, reaches the first chamber 7 and the cylinder 3 extends.
  • the fluid in the second chamber 8 is pushed out by the piston 3a and, controlledly crossing the second control valve 14 and the distributor, is discharged into the tank 22.
  • the second control valve 14 is kept open by the pressure of the fluid in the first chamber 7.
  • the distributor 11 When the distributor 11 is in the second position, the fluid sent by the pump 21, crossing the second control valve 14, reaches the second chamber 8 and the cylinder 3 shortens. The fluid in the first chamber 7 is pushed out by the piston 3 a and, controlledly crossing the first control valve 12 and the distributor 11, is discharged into the tank 22. In both operating conditions the block valve 6 remains in the closed position (first position), in which the fluid from the chamber 7 cannot reach the accumulator 4.
  • the block valve 6 is activated into the second position in which the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3 is in communication with the accumulator 4.
  • An upwards rotation of the arm 2 requires a translation of the piston 3a towards the second chamber 8 of the cylinder 3.
  • the chamber 8 reduces its volume while the first chamber 7 increases its volume.
  • the increase in volume of the chamber 7 recalls the fluid from the accumulator 4 through the block valve 6, while the reduction in volume of the second chamber 8 pushes the fluid contained therein to discharge to the tank 22 through the second control valve 14 and the distributor 11.
  • the discharge of the fluid from the second chamber 8 is done controlledly, and is possible every time there is a pressure internally of the first chamber 7. This pressure is chosen or determined according to the needs of the machine.
  • the opening of the second control valve 14 for the discharge of the fluid from the second chamber 8 to the tank 22 can be controlled both by calibration of an internal spring which acts on the valve obturator, and by a pilot pressure taken from the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3. In this way the second control valve 14 can produce a counterpressure to the discharge of the fluid from the second chamber 8 of the cylinder 3 which increases progressively over a predetermined time interval.
  • a downwards inertia rotation of the arm 2 induces a translation of the piston 3a towards the first chamber 7 of the cylinder 3 which consequently reduces its volume, while the second chamber 8 increases its volume.
  • the increase in volume of the second chamber 8 recalls fluid which leaves from the tank 22 and freely crosses the distributor 11 and the second control valve 14.
  • the reduction in volume of the first chamber 7 leads to the expulsion of the fluid contained therein which then follows the only path available thereto, i.e. the third conduit 5, across the block valve 6 up to the accumulator 4.
  • the accumulator 4 produces a counterpressure which is opposed to the fluid inlet, so that in this case the oscillation of the arm 2 is not free but absorbed somewhat.
  • the apparatus of the present invention leads to important advantages. It is of considerably simpler construction with respect to known-type apparatus, as, thanks to the use of a distributor which in the central position does not connect the first chamber 7 to the fluid supply while enabling the discharge of fluid from the second chamber 8 of the cylinder, the need for a third connection conduit between the second chamber 8 and the tank 22 is obviated.
  • the presence of the second control valve 14 on the second conduit 10 makes the apparatus very safe and precise in all operational conditions, and in particular it enables the arm 2 to oscillate in a controlled way by effect of inertia loads due to the movement of the vehicle.
  • the described device also has the considerable advantage of being applicable to a circuit with a distributor of standard type.

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras (2) articulé à un véhicule de travail (20), comprenant: un vérin hydraulique (3), pouvant être connecté en rotation au véhicule (20) et au bras (2), pourvu d'une première chambre (7) et d'une seconde chambre (8); un distributeur à trois voies (11) qui, dans une première position, peut connecter la première chambre (7) à une alimentation de fluide et la seconde chambre à une échappement, dans une seconde position peut connecter la seconde chambre (8) à l'alimentation de fluide et la première chambre (7) à l'échappement, et dans une position centrale ne peut pas connecter la première chambre (7) à l'alimentation de fluide; un accumulateur oléo-dynamique (4), connecté à la première chambre (7) du vérin (3) par l'intermédiaire d'une valve de blocage (6), laquelle valve de blocage (6) pouvant être activée entre une configuration dans laquelle elle permet le passage du fluide entre la première chambre (7) et l'accumulateur hydraulique (4) et une configuration dans laquelle elle bloque le passage du fluide de la première chambre (7) à l'accumulateur (4); le dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que dans la position centrale le distributeur (11) permet un échappement du fluide de la seconde chambre (8) du vérin (3), et en ce qu'une seconde valve de contrôle (14) est interposée entre la seconde chambre (8) du vérin (3) et le distributeur (11) et est prédisposée pour permettre un flux de fluide du distributeur (11) à la seconde chambre (8) du vérin (3), tout en permettant un flux inverse seulement lorsque les pression intérieures à la première chambre (7) sont supérieures à une valeur prédéterminée.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la seconde valve de contrôle (14) est une valve d'équilibrage commandée pour permettre le flux de fluide de la seconde chambre (8) au distributeur (11) au moyen d'un signal de pression relevé dans la première chambre (7) du vérin (3).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la seconde valve de contrôle (14) est une électrovalve à deux voies commandée en ouverture de manière à permettre un flux de fluide de la seconde chambre (8) au distributeur (11) au moyen d'un pressostat détectant une pression existant dans la première chambre (7) du vérin (3).
  4. Dispositif selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une première valve de contrôle (12) est interposée entre la première chambre (7) du vérin (3) et le distributeur (11), la première valve de contrôle (12) étant prédisposée pour permettre le flux de fluide du distributeur (11) à la première chambre (7) du vérin (3) et pour prévenir un flux inverse à cause des pressions internes à la première chambre (7) au-dessous d'une valeur prédéterminée, caractérisé en ce que l'accumulateur (4) est connecté à la première chambre (7) du vérin (3) en correspondance d'un point intermédiaire entre la première valve de contrôle (12) et la première chambre (7) .
EP05425426A 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail Not-in-force EP1733996B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE602005013196T DE602005013196D1 (de) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Hydraulische Vorrichtung zum Heben und Senken eines an einer Arbeitsmaschine schwenkbaren Arms
AT05425426T ATE425118T1 (de) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Hydraulische vorrichtung zum heben und senken eines an einer arbeitsmaschine schwenkbaren arms
EP05425426A EP1733996B1 (fr) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05425426A EP1733996B1 (fr) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1733996A1 EP1733996A1 (fr) 2006-12-20
EP1733996B1 true EP1733996B1 (fr) 2009-03-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05425426A Not-in-force EP1733996B1 (fr) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Dispositif hydraulique pour lever et baisser un bras articulé à un véhicule de travail

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1733996B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE425118T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602005013196D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109113120A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-01 华侨大学 一种电液复合的动臂能量回收系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2918684B1 (fr) * 2007-07-10 2012-08-03 Etude Et D Innovation Dans Le Materiel Agricole Soc D Circuit de commande hydraulique d'un verin de levage a double effet
ITUB20154253A1 (it) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-09 Merlo Project Srl Veicolo sollevatore con un braccio di sollevamento telescopico provvisto di un sistema ammortizzatore
WO2019210341A1 (fr) 2018-05-04 2019-11-07 Palfinger Ag Système hydraulique

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0662269B2 (ja) * 1989-04-21 1994-08-17 株式会社神戸製鋼所 移動式クレーンの変位抑制装置
GB2365407B (en) * 2000-05-25 2003-10-08 Bamford Excavators Ltd Hydraulic system for wheeled loader
DE20114538U1 (de) * 2001-09-03 2001-10-31 Kuepper Weisser Gmbh Hydrauliksystem für die Eigengewichtsentlastung von Anbaugeräten

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109113120A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-01 华侨大学 一种电液复合的动臂能量回收系统

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Publication number Publication date
EP1733996A1 (fr) 2006-12-20
ATE425118T1 (de) 2009-03-15
DE602005013196D1 (de) 2009-04-23

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