EP1733470A1 - Schaltvorrichtung zum betreiben eines motors und entsprechendes verfahren - Google Patents
Schaltvorrichtung zum betreiben eines motors und entsprechendes verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1733470A1 EP1733470A1 EP05717083A EP05717083A EP1733470A1 EP 1733470 A1 EP1733470 A1 EP 1733470A1 EP 05717083 A EP05717083 A EP 05717083A EP 05717083 A EP05717083 A EP 05717083A EP 1733470 A1 EP1733470 A1 EP 1733470A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switching
- semiconductor device
- switched
- bypass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
- H01H2009/546—Contacts shunted by static switch means the static switching means being triggered by the voltage over the mechanical switch contacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching device for operating a motor with a mechanical contact device which is arranged between two connections and which can be switched on in a continuous operating phase of the motor to bridge the connections, and a semiconductor device which is connected in parallel with the contact device and which is between the two Connections in a start phase of the engine for conductive connection of the connections can be switched on.
- the present invention relates to a corresponding method for operating a motor with such a switching device.
- bypass contacts In today's known electronic motor starters, the parallel connection of semiconductor elements and mechanical contacts is common. In continuous operation, the semiconductor elements are bridged by the mechanical contacts. As a result, instead of the comparatively high power losses of the semiconductor elements, only the low power losses of the mechanical contact system occur in continuous operation.
- the mechanical contact system hereinafter referred to as bypass contacts or bypass contact system
- bypass contacts bypass contact system
- Operational current transition is understood to mean the transitions from the semiconductor element to the bypass contact system and vice versa, which occur when changing between operational control states.
- the transition from the ramp ramp end to continuous operation (also referred to as the bypass phase) may be mentioned as an example.
- a further possibility is hardware-controlled positive ignition of the semiconductor elements, as mentioned in DE 20014351 U1.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, in particular to reliably detect a faulty opening of the bypass contacts when the semiconductor elements are switched off.
- this object is achieved by a switching device for starting a motor with a mechanical contact device which is arranged between two connections and which can be switched on in a continuous operating phase of the motor to bridge the connections, and a semiconductor device which is connected in parallel with the contact device and which between the two connections can be switched on in a start phase of the engine for the conductive connection of the connections, and a voltage monitoring device for monitoring the voltage at the connections and for Turning on the semiconductor device if the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
- a method for operating a motor with such a switching device is provided, the voltage at the connections being monitored and the semiconductor circuit being switched on if the voltage exceeds a predetermined value.
- An arc can thus be reliably detected in a parallel circuit arrangement of semiconductor elements and bypass contacts without a mechanical arc extinguishing device when the semiconductor elements are switched off.
- a targeted and defined current supply can be achieved via the semiconductor elements and damage to the device by the arc can be avoided.
- reliable monitoring and evaluation e.g. error reporting
- the semiconductor device preferably has two thyristors connected in anti-parallel. These can be ignited electronically at defined times and enable very quick switching on and off. This means that the effective voltage can be continuously increased, for example when starting an engine.
- the voltage monitoring device can have an analog converter, a threshold value comparison element and a control unit, so that an analog voltage signal can be compared with a threshold value and a resultant, binary comparison result can be used as an input signal for the control unit for switching the semiconductor device.
- This analog evaluation enables simple and inexpensive voltage monitoring to be achieved.
- the voltage monitoring device can comprise a control unit, in which an analog / digital converter and a threshold value comparison element are integrated, so that a digitized voltage signal can be compared with a threshold value and a resultant comparison result can be used for switching the semiconductor device by the control unit. This means that all components for digital voltage monitoring are integrated in the control unit, which may lead to assembly advantages.
- the voltage range of the monitored voltage should include the arc voltage occurring at the contact device.
- the occurrence of an arc can thus be determined in a targeted manner.
- the switching device according to the invention has a switch-off device for switching off the semiconductor device after a defined period of time or number of periods of a voltage curve following the switching on of the semiconductor device by the voltage monitoring device.
- the mechanical contact device switches back to low-loss continuous operation after the semiconductor device has been switched on.
- the switch-off device outputs a fault signal if the semiconductor device is switched on several times in a predetermined time period by the voltage monitoring device. This repeated switching on of the semiconductor device indicates an irreversible error, so that for safety reasons it can be appropriate to use the fault signal to actuate an external switching device connected upstream and in series with the switching device in order to interrupt the current flow and the like Initiate repair measures.
- Another preferred embodiment is the integration of a switching element in the switching device. This switching element is in series with the parallel connection of mechanical contact device and semiconductor device and is actuated by the control unit in the event of an irreversible error in order to interrupt the current flow.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of a switching device according to the invention.
- FIG 2 shows waveform diagrams of the switching device according to the invention.
- the aim of the invention is to recognize the non-operational state of the bypass contact opening (for example due to an error or mechanical stress) within the bypass phase and to react in such a way that irreversible damage to the contacts does not result in irreparable damage to the contacts Arcing is coming.
- the device should not be thermally destroyed by a standing arc and the effects of such a fault should be limited to the device itself.
- reversible errors are, for example, a brief interruption or a failure of the control voltage of the coil drive of the bypass contact system, which leads to the contacts being opened unintentionally. Reversible errors are also mechanical shocks that also lead to the unwanted opening of the contacts.
- An irreversible fault can be a break in the coil wire of the coil drive, a break in the main contact spring of the bypass contact system or a component defect in the control of the coil drive.
- the voltage across the parallel circuit arrangement is detected according to the invention.
- the bypass contacts are closed, almost no voltage drops across the parallel circuit. If the bypass contacts open, the resulting voltage corresponds to the arc voltage between the bypass contacts.
- the arc voltage can be detected according to FIG. 1 with a voltage detection circuit.
- the voltage at the parallel circuit arrangement consisting of the mechanical contacts or the bypass contact system 1 and the semiconductor device 2 connected in parallel thereto is monitored.
- the semiconductor device 2 here consists of an parallel connection of two thyristors 3 and 4.
- the voltage Up present at the parallel circuit arrangement is recorded in a voltage monitoring device 5 and used to control the semiconductor device 2 or the thyristors 3 and 4 and the bypass contact system 1.
- the voltage monitoring device consists of an analog converter 6, a threshold value comparison element 7 and a control unit 8 connected to it.
- the analog converter 6 converts the analog voltage signal Up into an analog voltage Uap of a suitable level for the purpose of level adjustment.
- the downstream threshold value comparison element 7 effects a comparison of the analog voltage signal Uap with one predetermined threshold.
- the digital output signal Udp of this threshold value comparison element 7 changes its level as soon as the digital voltage signal exceeds or falls below the threshold or limit value.
- the output signal Udp of the threshold value comparison element 7 is used by the control unit 8 to control the thyristors 3 and 4 and the bypass system 1.
- the control lines are only indicated by an arrow from the control unit 8 in FIG.
- a storm contact 9 can be provided on the control unit 8 for outputting a storm signal.
- a switching element 10 can be connected in series in front of the parallel connection of semiconductor device 2 and mechanical contact device 1, with which the current flow can be interrupted or switched off in the event of a defect in the semiconductor device 2 or the contact device 1.
- the analog / digital converter and the threshold value comparison element can be integrated in the control unit.
- the analog voltage signal Up is applied directly to an A / D input of the control device and the voltage limit value monitoring is carried out within the control device.
- the behavior of the digital signal Udp described above with regard to level and edge changes is completely monitored and utilized in the control device.
- the control device causes the semiconductor elements 3, 4 to be switched on immediately.
- the current flow is thus taken over by the semiconductor elements as quickly as possible and the voltage across the parallel circuit is reduced to the low forward voltage of the semiconductor elements.
- the arc is thus extinguished.
- the use of an electronic arc detection (or contact monitoring system) and extinguishing system results in a number of advantages: • The use of bypass contacts without mechanical arc extinguishing device and thus a simple, compact and inexpensive construction of the contacts is made possible;
- IThy r is t or the current through the anti-parallel connected thyristors 3, 4, Ißypass corresponds to the current through the bypass system and iGesam the sum of I ⁇ hyrstor
- the control device 8 Starting from the flank caused by the change in level of the digital voltage signal Udp, the control device 8 initiates an instantaneous switch-on of the semiconductor elements 3, 4 at time ti.
- the current flow is thus stopped as quickly as possible by the semiconductor elements 3, 4 (cf. I ⁇ h y r i stor ) and the voltage Up at the parallel connection is due to the low forward voltage of the semiconductor elements. The arc is thus extinguished.
- the control unit 8 switches the thyristors off again or ends their ignition. Thereupon the next zero crossing of the thyristor current Imyistor must be waited for at time t 3 so that the thyristors 3, 4 can go out, so that the switching device is switched off. Accordingly, the voltage Up at the parallel connection rises to the current voltage value of the switching device. This voltage increase in terms of amount is detected by the threshold value comparison element 7, whereby the digital signal Udp changes the level. Even afterwards if the ana- If voltage signal Up makes a zero crossing, corresponding level changes of the digital signal Udp take place before and after the zero crossing depending on the selected threshold value.
- the switching device just described is typically not switched off after detection of a first arc, since this arc could have been triggered by a reversible fault. Rather, the bypass system is switched on again after a predetermined time and the thyristors 3 and 4 are switched off, so that the switching device continues to operate in normal operation and there was no interruption of the current iGes amt . If one or more arcs are detected again within a certain period of time, this fact can be used to bring the switching device into a safe state. The cause of the multiple arcs will be one of the irreversible faults described above.
- a safe state is achieved in that the thyristors 3 and 4 are switched on permanently when an irreversible error is detected, in order to prevent thermal destruction of the switching device as a result of arcing.
- the thyristors must also remain switched on when an OFF signal is given to the switching device, since it is no longer possible to open the mechanical contact device because of the irreversible error.
- the switching device can also be brought into the safe state by a control unit 8 Fault signal is emitted, which, for example, switches off an external, upstream switching element located in series with the switching device and thus interrupts the flow of current.
- a control unit 8 Fault signal is emitted, which, for example, switches off an external, upstream switching element located in series with the switching device and thus interrupts the flow of current.
- the transition to the safe state can also take place in that the control unit 8 interrupts a switching element present in the switching device, which in series for Parallel connection of semiconductor device and mechanical contact device.
Landscapes
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004016739 | 2004-04-05 | ||
PCT/EP2005/051222 WO2005099080A1 (de) | 2004-04-05 | 2005-03-16 | Schaltvorrichtung zum betreiben eines motors und entsprechendes verfahren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1733470A1 true EP1733470A1 (de) | 2006-12-20 |
EP1733470B1 EP1733470B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
Family
ID=34961817
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05717083A Active EP1733470B1 (de) | 2004-04-05 | 2005-03-16 | Schaltvorrichtung zum betreiben eines motors und entsprechendes verfahren |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1733470B1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1733470T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005099080A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014032718A1 (de) | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schaltgerät zum steuern der energiezufuhr eines nachgeschalteten elektromotors |
US9509132B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2016-11-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching device for controlling energy supply of a downstream electric motor |
EP2801994B1 (de) * | 2013-05-07 | 2019-02-20 | ABB S.p.A. | Gleichstromschaltvorrichtung, elektronische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schalten einer zugehörigen Gleichstromschaltung |
CN111988177B (zh) * | 2020-08-20 | 2023-05-12 | 深信服科技股份有限公司 | 一种bypass控制方法、系统、设备及计算机介质 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4618906A (en) | 1984-07-16 | 1986-10-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Hybrid solid state/mechanical switch with failure protection |
FR2696062B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-23 | 1994-12-09 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Commutateur électrique de puissance commandé et procédé de commutation d'un circuit électrique de puissance. |
FR2748612B1 (fr) | 1996-05-10 | 1998-06-19 | Schneider Electric Sa | Circuit pour l'alimentation protegee d'une charge electrique |
FR2773016A1 (fr) | 1997-12-24 | 1999-06-25 | Schneider Electric Sa | Appareil de commande d'un moteur electrique |
GB2344936A (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-21 | Zia Shlaimoun | Starter switch |
DE20008036U1 (de) | 2000-05-04 | 2000-08-03 | Sero Schröder Elektronik Rohrbach GmbH, 76865 Rohrbach | Schaltungsanordnung zur Unterdrückung eines Lichtbogens bei einem Schaltkontakt |
US6420848B1 (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2002-07-16 | Eaton Corporation | Method and controlling the starting of an AC induction motor with closed loop current control |
KR100397565B1 (ko) | 2001-01-16 | 2003-09-13 | 엘지산전 주식회사 | 다기능 하이브리드 개폐기 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-16 EP EP05717083A patent/EP1733470B1/de active Active
- 2005-03-16 DK DK05717083.9T patent/DK1733470T3/da active
- 2005-03-16 WO PCT/EP2005/051222 patent/WO2005099080A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005099080A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005099080A1 (de) | 2005-10-20 |
EP1733470B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
DK1733470T3 (da) | 2012-12-03 |
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