EP1730357A1 - Removable attachment for a rock breaker - Google Patents

Removable attachment for a rock breaker

Info

Publication number
EP1730357A1
EP1730357A1 EP05717604A EP05717604A EP1730357A1 EP 1730357 A1 EP1730357 A1 EP 1730357A1 EP 05717604 A EP05717604 A EP 05717604A EP 05717604 A EP05717604 A EP 05717604A EP 1730357 A1 EP1730357 A1 EP 1730357A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accessory
tool
breaker
bucket
rock breaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05717604A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1730357B1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Jalabert
Paul Valverde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montabert SAS
Original Assignee
Montabert SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montabert SAS filed Critical Montabert SAS
Publication of EP1730357A1 publication Critical patent/EP1730357A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1730357B1 publication Critical patent/EP1730357B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/966—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements of hammer-type tools
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E02F3/962—Mounting of implements directly on tools already attached to the machine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an accessory of the bucket, claw, scraper blade or compacting device type, intended to equip an arm of a machine to which a rock breaker is connected.
  • Hydraulic breakers with a tool are used during operations to destroy hard surfaces or layers, as well as to break up blocks of rock or concrete during earthmoving or demolition operations.
  • the use of such a device leads to a significant production of rubble and earth which ends up hampering the destruction operation. This waste must therefore be regularly removed or compacted. It may also be necessary to remove the soil covering the rock before using the breaker. Therefore, the use of a rock breaker involves the regular use of one or more accessories, such as a device for removing rubble or a compacting device.
  • each accessory is mechanically fixed to the end of the articulated arm of a separate earthmoving machine, such as a mechanical or hydraulic shovel. It is however possible to use only one earth-moving machine to which is attached, depending on the operation in progress, a breaker equipped with a tool or an evacuation device.
  • a breaker equipped with a tool or an evacuation device On currently known machines, when the articulated arm is equipped with the rock breaker and it is desired to evacuate the rubble produced, it is necessary to dismantle the rock breaker before installing the desired evacuation device. When disassembling the breaker, it must be disconnected from its supply circuit, usually hydraulic.
  • Document EP 0 717 154 describes a hydraulic breaker comprising a tool connected to one end of an articulated arm and to which is attached a discharge bucket which can pivot and be retracted when the breaker is used .
  • this bucket is not removable.
  • a machine according to this document makes it possible to avoid mounting and dismounting the bucket when the breaker is used, but it remains however necessary to dismantle the tool when the user wishes to use the bucket.
  • the presence of the bucket at the end of the articulated arm of the carrying machine during the use of the hydraulic breaker is detrimental to the maneuverability of the assembly and reduces its use to limited areas due to the size of the bucket.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above, and for this consists of an accessory of the bucket, claw, scraper blade or compacting device type, intended to equip one end of a rock breaker equipped with a tool. , characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, means making it possible to position it correctly relative to the rock breaker and its tool, and on the other hand, means allowing its temporary and removable fixing at the end of the breaker, without dismantling the tool.
  • the operator of the machine wishes to use the accessory instead of the tool, he places the accessory at the end of the rock breaker, the means allowing the positioning of the accessory relative to the sparing tool a clearance in which the tool can be inserted and housed.
  • the fixing means make it possible to block the accessory in translation and in rotation. Therefore, disconnecting the tool is unnecessary, and the accessory can be used while the tool is in place.
  • the interventions necessary for tool change are therefore greatly minimized and do not disturb the proper use of the breaker.
  • the accessory comprises a bottom wall having an external face equipped with a guide tube, intended to be engaged on the tool. This tube is intended to receive the tool which then fulfills a role of amount, serving as reinforcement and support. The stability of the accessory is thereby increased.
  • the tube has a flared introduction end forming a funnel. Therefore, the introduction of the tool into the tube is greatly facilitated.
  • the insertion end is surmounted by a base equipped with at least one positioning finger.
  • the tube has two orifices facing each other and allowing the passage of a fixing key, intended to be engaged in a recess or a through hole in the key.
  • the means allowing its fixing comprise at least two fixing lugs mounted on the upper wall of the accessory and each provided with an eyelet and through which can be inserted and then fixed, a grab bar, passing over a flange or the like belonging to the body of the rock breaker.
  • this accessory comprises an upper wall surmounted by a lock which can pass alternately from a locking position, in which it is able to block a part of the body of the rock breaker, in a position of unlocking, in which it is able to release this body.
  • the accessory comprises an elastic means tending to automatically place the lock in its locked position, and a jack or a mechanism capable of acting on the lock to cause it to tilt in the open position. This allows the operator to connect and disconnect the accessory remotely, without direct action on it.
  • this accessory comprises an elastic means tending to automatically place the latch in its locking position, and an unlocking mechanism comprising a plate mounted to slide vis-à-vis the upper wall of the accessory, transversely to the axis of the tool, so that in the locked position of the tool, one end of the plate is supported against a cam-shaped surface of the lock and its other end is supported against an inclined surface of a collar of the tool, and that during a displacement of the tool, the collar of the latter moves the plate towards the lock, which realizes the pivoting of the latter in an opening direction.
  • this accessory comprises means for locking in rotation on the rock breaker, comprising a base of non-circular shape intended to cooperate by interlocking with a surface complementary to the lower end of the body of the breaker. rock.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an accessory and a breeze -rock, seen in the disassembled position.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the accessory of Figure 1, attached to the rock breaker.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial view, in longitudinal section, of the attachment and of the earthmoving machine shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the transverse line IV-IV of FIG.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line VV of Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of an accessory and a rock breaker according to a second embodiment of the invention, in the disassembled position.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the accessory of Figure 6, attached to the rock breaker.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of an accessory according to a third embodiment of the invention attached to a perforating tool.
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view of an accessory according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, attached to a rock breaker.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show, in longitudinal section, a variant of the device of Figure 9.
  • An accessory 1 according to the invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, is a rubble evacuation device of the bucket type.
  • this has a structure comprising a bottom wall 2 and a top wall 3 horizontal connected by means of two parallel side walls 4 and a bottom wall 5.
  • the bucket 1 also comprises, on the one hand, a horizontal base 6 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 1, and on the other hand, a substantially vertical tube 7 extending along the external face of the wall of bottom 5.
  • the latter also has an opening 8, having a section slightly greater than the section of the tube 7 and located in the axis thereof. More specifically, the tube 7 has a flared introduction end in the form of a funnel supporting the base 6.
  • the upper face of the base 6 has a substantially annular peripheral flange 9 delimiting a substantially ovoid support surface 10 having a non-circular projection 11 partially overhanging the upper wall 3 of the bucket 1.
  • Positioning teeth 12 are formed on the edge 9, at regular intervals, and each have an inclined surface converging towards the opening 8.
  • the upper wall 3 has, outside the edge 9, two fixing lugs 13 directed upwards, and placed opposite one another on either side of the bearing surface 10 at level of its projection 11.
  • Each fixing lug 13 has an eyelet 14 which opens just above the edge 9 and which is located opposite the eyelet 14 of the other fixing lug 13.
  • This bucket 1 is intended for equip a hydraulic breaker, partially shown in Figures 1 to 5, comprising a body 15 of substantially circular section and having an end 16 to which is connected a tool 17.
  • the end 16 of the body 15 is provided with 'A flange 18 having, on the one hand, a cross section complementary to the bearing surface 10 of the bucket 1, and on the other hand, a thickness substantially equal to the height of the edge 9. Due to the ovoid section of the collar 18, part 19 of it is therefore sail lie of the body 15.
  • a user wishing to connect a cup 1 according to the invention to the end of the body 15 of the rock breaker proceeds as follows.
  • the bucket 1 is positioned so that the tube 7 and the opening 8 are aligned with the tool 17.
  • the bucket can be slid along the axis of the tool 17 in order to extract the latter from the tube 7 and the base 6.
  • the operations for mounting and dismounting the bucket 1 do not do not require disassembly of the tool 17.
  • an oval section flange having two opposite projecting parts.
  • the bucket 22 differs from the bucket 1 in that it comprises a horizontal base 24 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 22 and comprising an opening 25.
  • the upper face of the base 24 has a peripheral border 26 delimiting a substantially oval support surface 27, complementary to the flange of the body 23, and having a front end 28 and a rear end 29. Positioning teeth 30 are formed on the border 26 at regular intervals .
  • the base 24 has, outside the edge 26, a first pair of fixing lugs 31 and a second pair of fixing lugs 32; the legs 31, 32 of each pair being placed opposite one another on either side of the bearing surface 27, respectively at its front end 28 and its rear end 29.
  • Each leg fixing 31, 32 is provided with an eyelet which opens just above the edge 26 and is located opposite the eyelet of the other fixing lug 31, 32 of the corresponding pair. The tube 7 disposed along the bucket is then no longer necessary.
  • the attachment of the bucket 22 is carried out as for the bucket 1.
  • the perforating tool 17 is inserted into the opening 25 until the flange is inserted inside the border 26 and is in contact with the surface support 27, the projecting parts of the flange then being in contact with the front end 28 and the rear end 29 of the support surface 27.
  • the bucket 22 can be fixed to the body 23.
  • a grab bar 33 is introduced through the eyelets of the tabs of fixing 31 then locked by means of pins.
  • a holding bar 34 is introduced through the eyelets of the fixing lugs 32, then is also locked in this position.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cup 35 adapted on a tool 36.
  • This cup 35 differs from cup 1 in that it does not include a base or an insertion end, and in that the tube 7 has two orifices (not shown) opposite each other.
  • the tool 36 differs from the tool 17 only in that it includes a recess 37 intended for the passage of a key 38 for fixing.
  • To attach the bucket 35 to the tool 36 simply insert the tool 36 into the tube 7 until the recess 37 is aligned with the holes in the tube 7.
  • the key 38 is then successively introduced through a first orifice of the tube 7, the recess 37, and the second orifice of the tube 7, then is locked in this position.
  • the key 37 blocks the bucket 35 in rotation and in translation.
  • FIG. 9 shows a bucket 39 adapted on a rock breaker 40.
  • the bucket 39 comprises a horizontal base 41 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 39 and having an opening 42.
  • This base 41 differs from the base 6 of the bucket 1 in that it comprises a partial peripheral border 43, open at the front, which defines a contact surface 48 intended to receive the rock breaker 40.
  • Positioning teeth 44 are provided on the border 43 at regular intervals.
  • the front of the base 41 comprises, on the one hand, an ear 45 on which is mounted a pivoting latch 46 which has an orthogonal return 47, and on the other hand, a heel 49 shaped so as to have sufficient clearance to allow the rotation of the lock 46.
  • a spring 52 connects the heel 49 to the base 41 so that the latter is automatically pushed back into its locked position.
  • the rock breaker 40 has a substantially circular section and has one end 54 to which a tool 17 is connected.
  • a support shoe 55 is fixed to the outside of the rock breaker 40, at the end 54, of so as to be oriented towards the front of the bucket 39 when the latter is logged. Above the support shoe 55, a jack 56 is fixed from which a rod 57 protrudes.
  • This jack 56 is fixed at a sufficient height so that the rod 57 can press on the return 47 of the latch 46 when the bucket is mounted.
  • the latch 46 is pushed back by the spring 52 in the locked position.
  • the rod 57 is retracted into the cylinder of the jack.
  • the perforating tool 17 is introduced into the tube 7 until, on the one hand, the end 54 is in contact with the bearing surface 44 inside the edge 43 , and on the other hand, the support pad 55 is opposite the lock 46.
  • the end 54 of the rock breaker 40 returns, by means of its support pad 55, the latch 46 in the direction of its unlocking position, and this against the spring 52 which is associated with it.
  • This embodiment differs from the previous one by the unlocking mechanism of the accessory.
  • This mechanism comprises a plate 58 slidably mounted vis-à-vis the upper wall 3 of the accessory, perpendicular to the axis of the tool 17.
  • This plate 58 bears, at one end, against a shaped surface 59 cam of the latch 46 and by its opposite end, against an inclined surface 60 of a flange 61 of the tool 17.
  • This plate is subjected to the action of a tension spring 62 which acts on it in a direction of displacement towards the collar.
  • the plate 58 In the locked position, shown in Figure 10, the plate 58 is supported under the flange 61.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The accessory has a flange (18) with a projecting part (19) that acts against an edge of a base, so that the rotation of the accessory around an axis of a body (15) of a stone crusher is prevented. The part (19) acts against a maintenance bar, so that the translation of the accessory along the body axis is prevented. Pins and the bar are removed for demounting the accessory. An independent claim is also included for a machine including a stone crusher having an accessory.

Description

Accessoire amovible pour l'équipement d'un brise-roche La présente invention concerne un accessoire du type godet, griffe, lame de raclage ou appareil de compactage, prévu pour équiper un bras d'un engin auquel est connecté un brise-roche. Les brise-roches hydrauliques comportant un outil sont utilisés lors d'opération de destruction de revêtements ou couches de sols durs, ainsi que pour éclater des blocs de roche ou de béton lors d'opération de terrassement ou de démolition. L'utilisation d'un tel engin entraîne une production importante de gravats et de terre qui finit par gêner l'opération de destruction. Ces déchets doivent donc être régulièrement évacués ou compactés. Il peut également être nécessaire d'enlever la terre recouvrant la roche préalablement à l'utilisation du brise-roche. De ce fait, l'emploi d'un brise-roche implique l'utilisation régulière d'un ou plusieurs accessoires, tels qu'un appareil d'évacuation de gravats ou un appareil de compactage. Généralement chaque accessoire est fixé mécaniquement à l'extrémité du bras articulé d'un engin de terrassement distinct, tel qu'une pelle mécanique ou hydraulique. Il est cependant possible de n'utiliser qu'un seul engin de terrassement sur lequel est rattaché, selon l'opération en cours un brise-roche muni d'un outil ou un appareil d'évacuation. Sur les engins actuellement connus, lorsque le bras articulé est équipé du brise-roche et que l'on souhaite évacuer les gravats produits, il est nécessaire de démonter le brise-roche avant de mettre en place l'appareil d'évacuation désiré. Lors du démontage du brise-roche, celui-ci doit être déconnecté de son circuit d'alimentation, généralement hydraulique. Ces opérations de montage et de démontage du brise-roche et de l'accessoire que l'on souhaite utiliser sont longues et diminuent grandement la disponibilité de l'engin porteur. Il existe déjà certains dispositifs qui ont pour objectif de limiter ces opérations de démontage et de déconnexion. Le document EP 0 717 154, par exemple, décrit un brise-roche hydraulique comportant un outil connecté à une extrémité d'un bras articulé et sur lequel est rattaché un godet d'évacuation qui peut pivoter et être rétracté lorsque le brise roche est utilisé. Cependant, ce godet n'est pas démontable. Certes, un engin selon ce document permet d'éviter le montage et le démontage du godet lorsque le brise-roche est utilisé, mais il reste cependant nécessaire de démonter l'outil lorsque l'utilisateur souhaite se servir du godet. De plus, la présence du godet en extrémité du bras articulé de l'engin porteur pendant l'utilisation du brise-roche hydraulique est néfaste à la maniabilité de l'ensemble et en réduit l'utilisation à des zones limitées en raison de l'encombrement du godet. La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients précédemment évoqués, et consiste pour cela en un accessoire du type godet, griffe, lame de raclage ou appareil de compactage, prévu pour équiper une extrémité d'un brise-roche équipé d'un outil, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, d'une part, des moyens permettant de le positionner correctement par rapport au brise-roche et à son outil, et d'autre part, des moyens permettant sa fixation temporaire et amovible à l'extrémité du brise-roche, sans démontage de l'outil. Lorsque l'opérateur de l'engin souhaite utiliser l'accessoire au lieu de l'outil, il place l'accessoire à l'extrémité du brise-roche, les moyens permettant le positionnement de l'accessoire par rapport à l'outil ménageant un dégagement dans lequel l'outil peut être introduit et logé. Une fois le positionnement réalisé, les moyens de fixation permettent de bloquer l'accessoire en translation et en rotation. De ce fait, la déconnexion de l'outil est inutile, et l'accessoire peut être utilisé alors même que l'outil est en place. Les interventions nécessaires au changement d'outil s'en trouvent de ce fait grandement minimisées et ne perturbent pas l'utilisation propre du brise-roche. Préférentiellement, l'accessoire comporte une paroi de fond présentant une face externe équipée d'un tube de guidage, destiné à être engagé sur l'outil. Ce tube est destiné à recevoir l'outil qui remplit alors un rôle de montant, servant de renfort et de support. La stabilité de l'accessoire s'en trouve accrue. Préférentiellement encore, le tube présente une extrémité d'introduction évasée formant entonnoir. De ce fait, l'introduction de l'outil dans le tube est grandement facilitée. De manière préférentielle, l'extrémité d'introduction est surmontée d'un socle équipé d'au moins un doigt de positionnement. Selon une première forme d'exécution, le tube comporte deux orifices en regard l'un de l'autre et autorisant le passage d'une clavette de fixation, destinée à être engagée dans un évidement ou un trou traversant de la clavette. Suivant une autre forme d'exécution de cet accessoire, les moyens permettant sa fixation comprennent au moins deux pattes de fixation montées sur la paroi supérieure de l'accessoire et munies chacune d'un œillet et à travers lesquelles peut être insérée, puis fixée, une barre de maintien, passant au-dessus d'une collerette ou similaire appartenant au corps du brise-roche. Suivant encore une autre forme d'exécution, cet accessoire comprend une paroi supérieure surmontée d'un verrou pouvant passer alternativement d'une position de verrouillage, dans laquelle il est apte à bloquer une partie du corps du brise-roche, à une position de déverrouillage, dans laquelle il est apte à libérer ce corps. Avantageusement dans ce cas, l'accessoire comprend un moyen élastique tendant à placer automatiquement le verrou dans sa position de verrouillage, et un vérin ou un mécanisme apte à agir sur le verrou pour le faire basculer en position d'ouverture. Cela permet à l'opérateur de connecter et de déconnecter l'accessoire à distance, sans action directe sur celui-ci. Selon une forme d'exécution, cet accessoire comprend un moyen élastique tendant à placer automatiquement le verrou dans sa position de verrouillage, et un mécanisme de déverrouillage comprenant une plaque montée coulissante vis-à-vis de la paroi supérieure de l'accessoire, transversalement à l'axe de l'outil, de telle sorte qu'en position verrouillée de l'outil, une extrémité de la plaque prenne appui contre une surface en forme de came du verrou et son autre extrémité prenne appui contre une surface inclinée d'une collerette de l'outil, et que lors d'un déplacement de l'outil, la collerette de celui-ci déplace la plaque vers le verrou, ce qui réalise le pivotement de celui-ci dans un sens d'ouverture. Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, cet accessoire comprend des moyens de blocage en rotation sur le brise-roche, comportant un socle de forme non circulaire destiné à coopérer par emboîtement avec une surface complémentaire de l'extrémité inférieure du corps du brise-roche. L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit, en référence au dessin schématique annexé, représentant plusieurs formes d'exécution de cet accessoire : La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un accessoire et d'un brise-roche, vus en position démontée. La figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'accessoire de la figure 1, fixé sur le brise-roche. La figure 3 est une vue partielle, en coupe longitudinale, de l'accessoire et de l'engin de terrassement représentés à la figure 2. La figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne transversale IV-IV de la figure 3. La figure 5 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 3. La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'un accessoire et d'un brise-roche selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, en position démontée. La figure 7 est une vue en perspective de l'accessoire de la figure 6, fixé sur le brise-roche. La figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un accessoire selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention rattaché à un outil perforant. La figure 9 est une vue en coupe d'un accessoire selon un quatrième mode de réalisation de l'invention, fixé à un brise-roche. Les figures 10 et 11 représentent, vue en coupe longitudinale, une variante du dispositif de figure 9. Un accessoire 1 selon l'invention, tel que représenté sur les figures 1 à 5, est un appareil d'évacuation de gravats du type godet. Comme tout godet classique, celui-ci présente une structure comportant une paroi inférieure 2 et une paroi supérieure 3 horizontales reliées par l'intermédiaire de deux parois latérales 4 parallèles et d'une paroi de fond 5. Le godet 1 comprend également, d'une part, un socle 6 horizontal s'étendant dans le prolongement de la paroi supérieure 3 vers l'arrière du godet 1 , et d'autre part, un tube 7 sensiblement vertical s'étendant le long de la face externe de la paroi de fond 5. Ce dernier présente par ailleurs une ouverture 8, possédant une section légèrement supérieure à la section du tube 7 et situé dans l'axe de celui-ci. Plus précisément, le tube 7 présente une extrémité d'introduction évasée en forme d'entonnoir supportant le socle 6. Par ailleurs, la face supérieure du socle 6 présente un rebord 9 périphérique sensiblement annulaire délimitant une surface d'appui 10 sensiblement ovoïde présentant une avancée 11 non circulaire surplombant partiellement la paroi supérieure 3 du godet 1. Des dents de positionnement 12 sont ménagées sur la bordure 9, à intervalle régulier, et présentent chacune une surface inclinée convergeant vers l'ouverture 8. La paroi supérieure 3 présente, à l'extérieur de la bordure 9, deux pattes de fixation 13 dirigées vers le haut, et placées en face l'une de l'autre de part et d'autre de la surface d'appui 10 au niveau de son avancée 11. Chaque patte de fixation 13 présente un oeillet 14 qui débouche juste au dessus de la bordure 9 et qui est situé en regard de l'œillet 14 de l'autre patte de fixation 13. Ce godet 1 est destiné à équiper un brise-roche hydraulique, partiellement représenté sur les figures 1 à 5, comprenant un corps 15 de section sensiblement circulaire et présentant une extrémité 16 à laquelle est connectée un outil 17. De plus, l'extrémité 16 du corps 15 est pourvue d'une collerette 18 possédant, d'une part, une section transversale complémentaire de la surface d'appui 10 du godet 1, et d'autre part, une épaisseur sensiblement égale à la hauteur de la bordure 9. Du fait de la section ovoïde de la collerette 18, une partie 19 de celle-ci fait donc en saillie du corps 15. Un utilisateur souhaitant connecter un godet 1 selon l'invention à l'extrémité du corps 15 du brise-roche procède de la façon suivante. Le godet 1 est positionné de manière à ce que le tube 7 et l'ouverture 8 soient alignés avec l'outil 17. Celui-ci est inséré à travers l'ouverture 8 puis dans le tube 7 qui joue un rôle de glissière maintenant le godet 1 fixe par rapport à l'axe du corps 15. L'entonnoir formé par l'extrémité d'introduction du tube 7 facilite l'insertion de l'outil 17 dans le tube 7. Le godet 1 est ainsi déplacé jusqu'à ce que la collerette 18 soit introduite à l'intérieur de la bordure 9 et vienne au contact de la surface d'appui 10, la partie saillante 19 de la collerette 18 étant alors en contact avec l'avancée 11 de la surface d'appui 10. Ainsi positionné, le godet 1 peut être fixé au corps 15. Pour ce faire une barre de maintien 20 est introduite à travers les œillets 14 des pattes de fixation 13 puis verouillé, par exemple au moyen de goupilles 20a. Les figures 2 à 5, montrent le godet 1 ainsi rattaché au corps 15 du brise-roche. La section de la collerette 18 et de la surface d'appui 10 étant non circulaires, la rotation du godet 1 autour de l'axe du corps 15 est impossible car la partie saillante 19 de la collerette 18 viendrait buter contre la bordure 9. La translation du godet 1 le long de l'axe du bras articulé 15 est également bloquée grâce à la barre de maintien 20 contre lequel vient buter la partie saillante 19 de la collerette 18. La barre de maintien 20 empêche également la déviation du godet 1 par rapport à l'axe de l'outil 17 lors de l'utilisation de ce godet 1. Le tube 7 bloque aussi une telle déviation et permet d'alléger les efforts s'exerçant en ce sens sur la barre de maintien 20 et sur la partie saillante 19 de la collerette 18. Pour procéder au démontage du godet 1 , il suffit de défaire sans outillage les goupilles et de retirer la barre de maintien 20. Ainsi libéré, le godet peut être glissé le long de l'axe de l'outil 17 afin d'extraire celui-ci du tube 7 et du socle 6. Comme il ressort de la description, les opérations de montage et démontage du godet 1 ne nécessitent pas le démontage de l'outil 17. Afin de mieux répartir les efforts et de permettre une fixation plus sûre d'un godet 22 sur un corps 23 de brise-roche, il est possible de prévoir, comme représenté sur les figures 6 et 7, une collerette de section ovale présentant deux parties saillantes opposées. Le godet 22 diffère du godet 1 par le fait qu'il comprend un socle 24 horizontal s'étendant dans le prolongement de la paroi supérieure 3 vers l'arrière du godet 22 et comportant une ouverture 25. Plus précisément, la face supérieure du socle 24 présente une bordure 26 périphérique délimitant une surface d'appui 27 sensiblement ovale, complémentaire de la collerette du corps 23, et présentant une extrémité avant 28 et une extrémité arrière 29. Des dents de positionnement 30 sont ménagées sur la bordure 26 à intervalle régulier. De plus, le socle 24 présente, à l'extérieur de la bordure 26, une première paire de pattes de fixation 31 et une deuxième paire de pattes de fixation 32 ; les pattes 31 , 32 de chaque paire étant placées en face l'une de l'autre de part et d'autre de la surface d'appui 27, respectivement au niveau de son extrémité avant 28 et de son extrémité arrière 29. Chaque patte de fixation 31 , 32 est munie d'un œillet qui débouche juste au dessus de la bordure 26 et est situé en regard de l'œillet de l'autre patte de fixation 31 , 32 de la paire correspondante. Le tube 7 disposé le long du godet n'est alors plus nécessaire. Le rattachement du godet 22 s'effectue comme pour le godet 1. L'outil perforant 17 est inséré dans l'ouverture 25 jusqu'à ce que la collerette soit introduite à l'intérieur de la bordure 26 et soit en contact avec la surface d'appui 27, les parties saillantes de la collerette étant alors en contact avec l'extrémité avant 28 et l'extrémité arrière 29 de la surface d'appui 27. Ainsi positionné, le godet 22 peut être fixé au corps 23. Pour ce faire, une barre de maintien 33 est introduite à travers les œillets des pattes de fixation 31 puis verrouillée au moyen de goupilles. De même, une barre de maintien 34 est introduite à travers les œillets des pattes de fixation 32, puis est également bloquée dans cette position. La figure 8 montre un godet 35 adapté sur un outil 36. Ce godet 35 diffère du godet 1 par le fait qu'il ne comprend ni socle, ni extrémité d'introduction, et par le fait que le tube 7 comporte deux orifices (non représentés) en regard l'un de l'autre. L'outil 36 diffère de l'outil 17 uniquement par le fait qu'il comprend un evidement 37 destiné au passage d'une clavette 38 de fixation. Pour procéder à la fixation du godet 35 sur l'outil 36, il suffit d'insérer l'outil 36 dans le tube 7 jusqu'à ce que l'évidement 37 soit aligné avec les orifices du tube 7. La clavette 38 est alors introduite successivement à travers un premier orifice du tube 7, l'évidement 37, et le second orifice du tube 7, puis est verrouillé dans cette position. La clavette 37 bloque le godet 35 en rotation et en translation. De plus, le tube 7 stabilise le godet 35 et empêche toute déviation de celui-ci par rapport à l'axe de l'outil perforant 36. Bien évidemment, ce mode de fixation peut être cumulé avec les autres modes de fixation décrits. La figure 9 montre un godet 39 adapté sur un brise-roche 40. Le godet 39 comprend un socle 41 horizontal s'étendant dans le prolongement de la paroi supérieure 3 vers l'arrière du godet 39 et présentant une ouverture 42. Ce socle 41 diffère du socle 6 du godet 1 par le fait qu'il comprend une bordure 43 périphérique partielle, ouverte à l'avant, qui définit une surface de contact 48 destinée à recevoir le brise-roche 40. Des dents de positionnement 44 sont ménagées sur la bordure 43 à intervalle régulier. L'avant du socle 41 comprend, d'une part, une oreille 45 sur laquelle est monté un verrou 46 pivotant qui présente un retour 47 orthogonal, et d'autre part, un talon 49 conformé de manière à présenter un dégagement suffisant pour permettre la rotation du verrou 46. Un ressort 52 relie le talon 49 au socle 41 de manière que ce dernier soit repoussé automatiquement dans sa position de verrouillage. Le brise-roche 40 possède une section sensiblement circulaire et présente une extrémité 54 à laquelle est connectée un outil 17. Un patin d'appui 55 est fixé à l'extérieur du brise-roche 40, au niveau de l'extrémité 54, de manière à être orienté vers l'avant du godet 39 lorsque celui-ci est connecté. Au dessus du patin d'appui 55, est fixé un vérin 56 duquel dépasse une tige 57. Ce vérin 56 est fixé à une hauteur suffisante pour que la tige 57 puisse venir appuyer sur le retour 47 du verrou 46 lorsque le godet est monté. Avant montage du godet 39 sur le brise-roche 40, le verrou 46 est repoussé par le ressort 52 en position de verrouillage. La tige 57 est rétractée dans le cylindre du vérin. Pour connecter le godet 39, l'outil perforant 17 est introduit dans le tube 7 jusqu'à ce que, d'une part, l'extrémité 54 soit en contact avec la surface d'appui 44 à l'intérieur de la bordure 43, et d'autre part, le patin d'appui 55 soit en regard avec le verrou 46. Lors de l'insertion, l'extrémité 54 du brise-roche 40 renvoie, par l'intermédiaire de son patin d'appui 55, le verrou 46 en direction de sa position de déverrouillage, et ce à encontre du ressort 52 qui lui est associé. De ce fait, l'extrémité 54 du brise-roche 40 est prise en étau entre le verrou 46, qui appuie contre le patin d'appui 55, et la partie arrière de la bordure 43. Pour démonter le godet 39, il convient d'actionner le vérin 56 dans un sens de sortie de la tige de manière qu'elle vienne appuyer sur le retour 47 du verrou 46. Ce faisant, ce dernier pivote dans le sens trigonométrique vers sa position de déverrouillage dans laquelle il ne serre plus le brise-roche 40 contre la bordure 43. Il est alors possible d'extraire le brise-roche 40 et l'outil perforant 17, respectivement de la bordure 43 et du tube 7, pour ôter le godet. Les figures 10 et 11 représentent une variante du dispositif de figure 9, dans laquelle les mêmes éléments sont désignés par les mêmes références que précédemment. Cette forme d'exécution diffère de la précédente par le mécanisme de déverrouillage de l'accessoire. Ce mécanisme comprend une plaque 58 montée coulissante vis-à-vis de la paroi supérieure 3 de l'accessoire, perpendiculairement à l'axe de l'outil 17. Cette plaque 58 prend appui, par une extrémité, contre une surface 59 en forme de came du verrou 46 et par son extrémité opposée, contre une surface inclinée 60 d'une collerette 61 de l'outil 17. Cette plaque est soumise à l'action d'un ressort de traction 62 qui agit sur elle dans un sens de déplacement vers la collerette. En position de verrouillage, représentée à la figure 10, la plaque 58 est en appui sous la collerette 61. Pour déverrouiller et déconnecter l'accessoire, il convient de faire fonctionner, même ponctuellement le brise-roche pour déplacer l'outil 17 vers le bas, mouvement au cours duquel la surface inclinée 60 de la colerrette 61 repousse la plaque 58 qui agit sur la came 59 pour faire basculer le verrou 46 vers l'extérieur, comme montré figure 11, et libérer la paroi inférieure 54 du brise-roche. Le déverrouillage est ainsi réalisé en utilisant l'énergie même du brise-roche, et sans nécessiter une intervention manuelle de l'opérateur, qui peut demeurer à son poste de commande. Bien que l'invention ait été décrite en liaison avec des exemples particuliers de réalisation, il est bien évident qu'elle n'y est nullement limitée et qu'elle comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci entrent dans le cadre de l'invention. The present invention relates to an accessory of the bucket, claw, scraper blade or compacting device type, intended to equip an arm of a machine to which a rock breaker is connected. Hydraulic breakers with a tool are used during operations to destroy hard surfaces or layers, as well as to break up blocks of rock or concrete during earthmoving or demolition operations. The use of such a device leads to a significant production of rubble and earth which ends up hampering the destruction operation. This waste must therefore be regularly removed or compacted. It may also be necessary to remove the soil covering the rock before using the breaker. Therefore, the use of a rock breaker involves the regular use of one or more accessories, such as a device for removing rubble or a compacting device. Generally, each accessory is mechanically fixed to the end of the articulated arm of a separate earthmoving machine, such as a mechanical or hydraulic shovel. It is however possible to use only one earth-moving machine to which is attached, depending on the operation in progress, a breaker equipped with a tool or an evacuation device. On currently known machines, when the articulated arm is equipped with the rock breaker and it is desired to evacuate the rubble produced, it is necessary to dismantle the rock breaker before installing the desired evacuation device. When disassembling the breaker, it must be disconnected from its supply circuit, usually hydraulic. These assembly and disassembly operations of the rock breaker and the accessory that one wishes to use are long and greatly reduce the availability of the carrier. There are already certain devices which aim to limit these dismantling and disconnection operations. Document EP 0 717 154, for example, describes a hydraulic breaker comprising a tool connected to one end of an articulated arm and to which is attached a discharge bucket which can pivot and be retracted when the breaker is used . However, this bucket is not removable. Admittedly, a machine according to this document makes it possible to avoid mounting and dismounting the bucket when the breaker is used, but it remains however necessary to dismantle the tool when the user wishes to use the bucket. In addition, the presence of the bucket at the end of the articulated arm of the carrying machine during the use of the hydraulic breaker is detrimental to the maneuverability of the assembly and reduces its use to limited areas due to the size of the bucket. The purpose of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above, and for this consists of an accessory of the bucket, claw, scraper blade or compacting device type, intended to equip one end of a rock breaker equipped with a tool. , characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, means making it possible to position it correctly relative to the rock breaker and its tool, and on the other hand, means allowing its temporary and removable fixing at the end of the breaker, without dismantling the tool. When the operator of the machine wishes to use the accessory instead of the tool, he places the accessory at the end of the rock breaker, the means allowing the positioning of the accessory relative to the sparing tool a clearance in which the tool can be inserted and housed. Once the positioning has been carried out, the fixing means make it possible to block the accessory in translation and in rotation. Therefore, disconnecting the tool is unnecessary, and the accessory can be used while the tool is in place. The interventions necessary for tool change are therefore greatly minimized and do not disturb the proper use of the breaker. Preferably, the accessory comprises a bottom wall having an external face equipped with a guide tube, intended to be engaged on the tool. This tube is intended to receive the tool which then fulfills a role of amount, serving as reinforcement and support. The stability of the accessory is thereby increased. Also preferably, the tube has a flared introduction end forming a funnel. Therefore, the introduction of the tool into the tube is greatly facilitated. Preferably, the insertion end is surmounted by a base equipped with at least one positioning finger. According to a first embodiment, the tube has two orifices facing each other and allowing the passage of a fixing key, intended to be engaged in a recess or a through hole in the key. According to another embodiment of this accessory, the means allowing its fixing comprise at least two fixing lugs mounted on the upper wall of the accessory and each provided with an eyelet and through which can be inserted and then fixed, a grab bar, passing over a flange or the like belonging to the body of the rock breaker. According to yet another embodiment, this accessory comprises an upper wall surmounted by a lock which can pass alternately from a locking position, in which it is able to block a part of the body of the rock breaker, in a position of unlocking, in which it is able to release this body. Advantageously in this case, the accessory comprises an elastic means tending to automatically place the lock in its locked position, and a jack or a mechanism capable of acting on the lock to cause it to tilt in the open position. This allows the operator to connect and disconnect the accessory remotely, without direct action on it. According to one embodiment, this accessory comprises an elastic means tending to automatically place the latch in its locking position, and an unlocking mechanism comprising a plate mounted to slide vis-à-vis the upper wall of the accessory, transversely to the axis of the tool, so that in the locked position of the tool, one end of the plate is supported against a cam-shaped surface of the lock and its other end is supported against an inclined surface of a collar of the tool, and that during a displacement of the tool, the collar of the latter moves the plate towards the lock, which realizes the pivoting of the latter in an opening direction. According to another characteristic of the invention, this accessory comprises means for locking in rotation on the rock breaker, comprising a base of non-circular shape intended to cooperate by interlocking with a surface complementary to the lower end of the body of the breaker. rock. The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description, with reference to the appended schematic drawing, representing several embodiments of this accessory: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an accessory and a breeze -rock, seen in the disassembled position. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the accessory of Figure 1, attached to the rock breaker. FIG. 3 is a partial view, in longitudinal section, of the attachment and of the earthmoving machine shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the transverse line IV-IV of FIG. Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line VV of Figure 3. Figure 6 is a perspective view of an accessory and a rock breaker according to a second embodiment of the invention, in the disassembled position. Figure 7 is a perspective view of the accessory of Figure 6, attached to the rock breaker. Figure 8 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of an accessory according to a third embodiment of the invention attached to a perforating tool. Figure 9 is a sectional view of an accessory according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, attached to a rock breaker. Figures 10 and 11 show, in longitudinal section, a variant of the device of Figure 9. An accessory 1 according to the invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 5, is a rubble evacuation device of the bucket type. Like any conventional bucket, this has a structure comprising a bottom wall 2 and a top wall 3 horizontal connected by means of two parallel side walls 4 and a bottom wall 5. The bucket 1 also comprises, on the one hand, a horizontal base 6 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 1, and on the other hand, a substantially vertical tube 7 extending along the external face of the wall of bottom 5. The latter also has an opening 8, having a section slightly greater than the section of the tube 7 and located in the axis thereof. More specifically, the tube 7 has a flared introduction end in the form of a funnel supporting the base 6. Furthermore, the upper face of the base 6 has a substantially annular peripheral flange 9 delimiting a substantially ovoid support surface 10 having a non-circular projection 11 partially overhanging the upper wall 3 of the bucket 1. Positioning teeth 12 are formed on the edge 9, at regular intervals, and each have an inclined surface converging towards the opening 8. The upper wall 3 has, outside the edge 9, two fixing lugs 13 directed upwards, and placed opposite one another on either side of the bearing surface 10 at level of its projection 11. Each fixing lug 13 has an eyelet 14 which opens just above the edge 9 and which is located opposite the eyelet 14 of the other fixing lug 13. This bucket 1 is intended for equip a hydraulic breaker, partially shown in Figures 1 to 5, comprising a body 15 of substantially circular section and having an end 16 to which is connected a tool 17. In addition, the end 16 of the body 15 is provided with 'A flange 18 having, on the one hand, a cross section complementary to the bearing surface 10 of the bucket 1, and on the other hand, a thickness substantially equal to the height of the edge 9. Due to the ovoid section of the collar 18, part 19 of it is therefore sail lie of the body 15. A user wishing to connect a cup 1 according to the invention to the end of the body 15 of the rock breaker proceeds as follows. The bucket 1 is positioned so that the tube 7 and the opening 8 are aligned with the tool 17. The latter is inserted through the opening 8 and then into the tube 7 which plays the role of a slide maintaining the bucket 1 fixed relative to the axis of the body 15. The funnel formed by the insertion end of the tube 7 facilitates the insertion of the tool 17 into the tube 7. The bucket 1 is thus moved to that the collar 18 is inserted inside the edge 9 and comes into contact with the bearing surface 10, the projecting part 19 of the collar 18 then being in contact with the projection 11 of the bearing surface 10. Thus positioned, the bucket 1 can be fixed to the body 15. To do this, a retaining bar 20 is introduced through the eyelets 14 of the fixing lugs 13 and then locked, for example by means of pins 20a. Figures 2 to 5 show the bucket 1 thus attached to the body 15 of the rock breaker. The section of the collar 18 and of the bearing surface 10 being non-circular, the rotation of the bucket 1 around the axis of the body 15 is impossible because the projecting part 19 of the collar 18 would abut against the edge 9. The translation of the bucket 1 along the axis of the articulated arm 15 is also blocked thanks to the retaining bar 20 against which the protruding part 19 of the flange abuts 18. The retaining bar 20 also prevents deviation of the bucket 1 by relative to the axis of the tool 17 when using this bucket 1. The tube 7 also blocks such a deviation and makes it possible to lighten the forces exerted in this direction on the holding bar 20 and on the projecting part 19 of the flange 18. To disassemble the bucket 1, it suffices to undo the pins without tools and to remove the holding bar 20. Thus released, the bucket can be slid along the axis of the tool 17 in order to extract the latter from the tube 7 and the base 6. As appears from the description, the operations for mounting and dismounting the bucket 1 do not do not require disassembly of the tool 17. In order to better distribute the forces and to allow a more secure fixing of a bucket 22 on a body 23 of rock breaker, it is possible to provide, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an oval section flange having two opposite projecting parts. The bucket 22 differs from the bucket 1 in that it comprises a horizontal base 24 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 22 and comprising an opening 25. More precisely, the upper face of the base 24 has a peripheral border 26 delimiting a substantially oval support surface 27, complementary to the flange of the body 23, and having a front end 28 and a rear end 29. Positioning teeth 30 are formed on the border 26 at regular intervals . In addition, the base 24 has, outside the edge 26, a first pair of fixing lugs 31 and a second pair of fixing lugs 32; the legs 31, 32 of each pair being placed opposite one another on either side of the bearing surface 27, respectively at its front end 28 and its rear end 29. Each leg fixing 31, 32 is provided with an eyelet which opens just above the edge 26 and is located opposite the eyelet of the other fixing lug 31, 32 of the corresponding pair. The tube 7 disposed along the bucket is then no longer necessary. The attachment of the bucket 22 is carried out as for the bucket 1. The perforating tool 17 is inserted into the opening 25 until the flange is inserted inside the border 26 and is in contact with the surface support 27, the projecting parts of the flange then being in contact with the front end 28 and the rear end 29 of the support surface 27. Thus positioned, the bucket 22 can be fixed to the body 23. For this do, a grab bar 33 is introduced through the eyelets of the tabs of fixing 31 then locked by means of pins. Likewise, a holding bar 34 is introduced through the eyelets of the fixing lugs 32, then is also locked in this position. FIG. 8 shows a cup 35 adapted on a tool 36. This cup 35 differs from cup 1 in that it does not include a base or an insertion end, and in that the tube 7 has two orifices (not shown) opposite each other. The tool 36 differs from the tool 17 only in that it includes a recess 37 intended for the passage of a key 38 for fixing. To attach the bucket 35 to the tool 36, simply insert the tool 36 into the tube 7 until the recess 37 is aligned with the holes in the tube 7. The key 38 is then successively introduced through a first orifice of the tube 7, the recess 37, and the second orifice of the tube 7, then is locked in this position. The key 37 blocks the bucket 35 in rotation and in translation. In addition, the tube 7 stabilizes the cup 35 and prevents any deviation of the latter relative to the axis of the perforating tool 36. Obviously, this method of attachment can be combined with the other methods of attachment described. FIG. 9 shows a bucket 39 adapted on a rock breaker 40. The bucket 39 comprises a horizontal base 41 extending in the extension of the upper wall 3 towards the rear of the bucket 39 and having an opening 42. This base 41 differs from the base 6 of the bucket 1 in that it comprises a partial peripheral border 43, open at the front, which defines a contact surface 48 intended to receive the rock breaker 40. Positioning teeth 44 are provided on the border 43 at regular intervals. The front of the base 41 comprises, on the one hand, an ear 45 on which is mounted a pivoting latch 46 which has an orthogonal return 47, and on the other hand, a heel 49 shaped so as to have sufficient clearance to allow the rotation of the lock 46. A spring 52 connects the heel 49 to the base 41 so that the latter is automatically pushed back into its locked position. The rock breaker 40 has a substantially circular section and has one end 54 to which a tool 17 is connected. A support shoe 55 is fixed to the outside of the rock breaker 40, at the end 54, of so as to be oriented towards the front of the bucket 39 when the latter is logged. Above the support shoe 55, a jack 56 is fixed from which a rod 57 protrudes. This jack 56 is fixed at a sufficient height so that the rod 57 can press on the return 47 of the latch 46 when the bucket is mounted. Before mounting the bucket 39 on the rock breaker 40, the latch 46 is pushed back by the spring 52 in the locked position. The rod 57 is retracted into the cylinder of the jack. To connect the cup 39, the perforating tool 17 is introduced into the tube 7 until, on the one hand, the end 54 is in contact with the bearing surface 44 inside the edge 43 , and on the other hand, the support pad 55 is opposite the lock 46. During insertion, the end 54 of the rock breaker 40 returns, by means of its support pad 55, the latch 46 in the direction of its unlocking position, and this against the spring 52 which is associated with it. Therefore, the end 54 of the rock breaker 40 is clamped between the latch 46, which presses against the support pad 55, and the rear part of the edge 43. To disassemble the bucket 39, it is necessary to 'actuate the jack 56 in a direction of exit of the rod so that it comes to press on the return 47 of the lock 46. In doing so, the latter pivots in the counterclockwise direction towards its unlocking position in which it no longer tightens the breaker 40 against the edge 43. It is then possible to extract the breaker 40 and the perforating tool 17, respectively from the edge 43 and the tube 7, in order to remove the bucket. Figures 10 and 11 show a variant of the device of Figure 9, in which the same elements are designated by the same references as above. This embodiment differs from the previous one by the unlocking mechanism of the accessory. This mechanism comprises a plate 58 slidably mounted vis-à-vis the upper wall 3 of the accessory, perpendicular to the axis of the tool 17. This plate 58 bears, at one end, against a shaped surface 59 cam of the latch 46 and by its opposite end, against an inclined surface 60 of a flange 61 of the tool 17. This plate is subjected to the action of a tension spring 62 which acts on it in a direction of displacement towards the collar. In the locked position, shown in Figure 10, the plate 58 is supported under the flange 61. To unlock and disconnect the accessory, it is advisable to operate, even punctually the breaker to move the tool 17 towards the bottom, movement during which the inclined surface 60 of the collar 61 pushes back the plate 58 which acts on the cam 59 to tilt the latch 46 outwards, as shown in FIG. 11, and release the bottom wall 54 of the rock breaker. Unlocking is thus achieved using the very energy of the breaker, and without requiring manual intervention by the operator, who can remain at his control station. Although the invention has been described in connection with particular examples of embodiment, it is obvious that it is in no way limited thereto and that it includes all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Accessoire (1 , 22, 35, 39) du type godet, griffe, lame de raclage ou appareil de compactage, prévu pour équiper une extrémité (18) d'un brise- roche équipé d'un outil (17, 36), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, d'une part, des moyens permettant de le positionner correctement par rapport au brise- roche et à son outil, et d'autre part, des moyens (13, 14, 20, 31 à 34, 38, 46) permettant sa fixation temporaire et amovible à l'extrémité du brise-roche, sans démontage de l'outil. 1. Accessory (1, 22, 35, 39) of the bucket, claw, scraper blade or compacting device type, designed to equip one end (18) of a rock breaker equipped with a tool (17, 36) , characterized in that it comprises, on the one hand, means making it possible to position it correctly relative to the breaker and its tool, and on the other hand, means (13, 14, 20, 31 to 34 , 38, 46) allowing its temporary and removable attachment to the end of the breaker, without disassembly of the tool.
2. Accessoire (1 , 35, 39) selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une paroi de fond (5) présentant une face externe équipée d'un tube (7) de guidage destiné à être engagé sur l'outil. 2. Accessory (1, 35, 39) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a bottom wall (5) having an external face fitted with a guide tube (7) intended to be engaged on the tool.
3. Accessoire (1, 39) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le tube de guidage (7) présente une extrémité d'introduction évasée formant entonnoir. 3. Accessory (1, 39) according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide tube (7) has a flared introduction end forming a funnel.
4. Accessoire (1 , 39) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité d'introduction du tube (7) est surmontée d'un socle (6, 41) ouvert équipé d'au moins un doigt de positionnement (12, 44). 4. Accessory (1, 39) according to claim 3, characterized in that the insertion end of the tube (7) is surmounted by an open base (6, 41) equipped with at least one positioning finger ( 12, 44).
5. Accessoire (35) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le tube (7) comporte deux orifices en regard l'un de l'autre et autorisant le passage d'une clavette (38) de fixation, destinée à être engagée dans un evidement (37) ou un trou traversant de l'outil (36). 5. Accessory (35) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tube (7) has two orifices facing each other and allowing the passage of a key (38) of fixing, intended to be engaged in a recess (37) or a through hole of the tool (36).
6. Accessoire (1 , 22) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens permettant sa fixation comprennent au moins deux pattes de fixation (13, 31 , 32) montées sur la paroi supérieure de l'accessoire et munies chacune d'un œillet (14) et à travers lesquelles peut être insérée, puis verrouillée, une barre de maintien (20, 33, 34), passant au-dessus d'une collerette ou similaire (18, 19) appartenant au corps du brise-roche. 6. Accessory (1, 22) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the means allowing its fixing comprise at least two fixing lugs (13, 31, 32) mounted on the upper wall of the accessory and each provided with an eyelet (14) and through which can be inserted, then locked, a holding bar (20, 33, 34), passing over a flange or the like (18, 19) belonging to the body of the breaker.
7. Accessoire (39) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une paroi supérieure (3) surmontée d'un verrou (46) pouvant passer alternativement d'une position de verrouillage, dans laquelle il est apte à bloquer une partie (40) du corps du brise-roche, à une position de déverrouillage, dans laquelle il est apte à libérer ce corps. 7. Accessory (39) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises an upper wall (3) surmounted by a latch (46) which can pass alternately from a locking position, in which it is able to block a part (40) of the body of the rock breaker, in an unlocked position, in which it is able to release this body.
8. Accessoire (39) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen élastique (52) tendant à placer automatiquement le verrou dans sa position de verrouillage, et un vérin (56) apte à agir sur le verrou (46) pour le faire basculer en position d'ouverture. 8. Accessory (39) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises an elastic means (52) tending to automatically place the lock in its locked position, and a jack (56) capable of acting on the lock (46) to cause it to tilt in the open position.
9. Accessoire (39) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un moyen élastique (52) tendant à placer automatiquement le verrou dans sa position de verrouillage, et un mécanisme de déverrouillage comprenant une plaque (58) montée coulissante vis-à-vis de la paroi supérieure (3) de l'accessoire, transversalement à l'axe de l'outil (17), de telle sorte qu'en position verrouillée de l'outil (17), une extrémité de la plaque (58) prenne appui contre une surface (59) en forme de came du verrou (46) et son autre extrémité prenne appui contre une surface inclinée (60) d'une collerette (62) de l'outil (17), et que lors d'un déplacement de l'outil (17), la collerette (62) de celui-ci déplace la plaque (58) vers le verrou (46), ce qui réalise le pivotement de celui-ci dans un sens d'ouverture. 9. Accessory (39) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises an elastic means (52) tending to automatically place the lock in its locked position, and an unlocking mechanism comprising a plate (58) mounted sliding screw -vis the upper wall (3) of the accessory, transverse to the axis of the tool (17), so that in the locked position of the tool (17), one end of the plate (58) bears against a cam-shaped surface (59) of the latch (46) and its other end bears against an inclined surface (60) of a flange (62) of the tool (17), and that during a movement of the tool (17), the collar (62) of the latter moves the plate (58) towards the lock (46), which pivots the latter in an opening direction .
10. Accessoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de blocage en rotation sur le brise-roche, comportant un socle (6) de forme non circulaire destiné à coopérer par emboîtement avec une surface (18, 19) complémentaire de l'extrémité inférieure du corps du brise-roche. 10. Accessory according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises means for locking in rotation on the rock breaker, comprising a base (6) of non-circular shape intended to cooperate by interlocking with a surface (18, 19) complementary to the lower end of the body of the rock breaker.
11. Engin comportant un brise-roche équipé d'un accessoire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10. 11. Machine comprising a rock breaker equipped with an accessory according to one of claims 1 to 10.
EP05717604A 2004-02-18 2005-02-10 Removable attachment for a rock breaker Not-in-force EP1730357B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0401622A FR2866362B1 (en) 2004-02-18 2004-02-18 REMOVABLE ACCESSORY FOR THE EQUIPMENT OF A BREEZE ROCHE
PCT/FR2005/000307 WO2005090693A1 (en) 2004-02-18 2005-02-10 Removable attachment for a rock breaker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1730357A1 true EP1730357A1 (en) 2006-12-13
EP1730357B1 EP1730357B1 (en) 2009-09-02

Family

ID=34803450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05717604A Not-in-force EP1730357B1 (en) 2004-02-18 2005-02-10 Removable attachment for a rock breaker

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US7523997B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1730357B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007523279A (en)
KR (1) KR20060130198A (en)
CN (1) CN100554601C (en)
AT (1) ATE441761T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2005224408A1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0507263A (en)
CA (1) CA2553285A1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005016375D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2331707T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2866362B1 (en)
IL (1) IL177050A0 (en)
NO (1) NO20064189L (en)
WO (1) WO2005090693A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200606433B (en)

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US20120246978A1 (en) * 2011-02-10 2012-10-04 Haley Thomas L Trencher assembly and associated accessories
CA2843527C (en) 2011-07-28 2018-11-27 Pylon Manufacturing Corp. Windshield wiper adapter, connector and assembly
US9976280B2 (en) * 2014-01-16 2018-05-22 Michael A. Honermann Skid loader attachment including a rotatable and extendable claw
JP6165122B2 (en) * 2014-10-23 2017-07-19 岡本　俊仁 Work machine
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NO344520B1 (en) 2017-05-09 2020-01-20 Myhre Per Joergen CHISEL ARRANGEMENT FITTED TO CONNECT TO A TURNABLE TOOL MOUNT ON A WORKING MACHINE
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FR3104180B1 (en) * 2019-12-09 2021-12-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert “Excavator, hydraulic with tamping function”

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2005224408A1 (en) 2005-09-29
JP2007523279A (en) 2007-08-16
CN1914382A (en) 2007-02-14
CN100554601C (en) 2009-10-28
US7523997B2 (en) 2009-04-28
FR2866362B1 (en) 2007-05-04
ZA200606433B (en) 2008-01-30
BRPI0507263A (en) 2007-06-26
KR20060130198A (en) 2006-12-18
CA2553285A1 (en) 2005-09-29
IL177050A0 (en) 2006-12-10
WO2005090693A1 (en) 2005-09-29
EP1730357B1 (en) 2009-09-02
FR2866362A1 (en) 2005-08-19
DE602005016375D1 (en) 2009-10-15
US20080047171A1 (en) 2008-02-28
ATE441761T1 (en) 2009-09-15
ES2331707T3 (en) 2010-01-13
NO20064189L (en) 2006-09-15

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