EP1728082A1 - Device for determining the distribution of current density in fuel cells - Google Patents
Device for determining the distribution of current density in fuel cellsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1728082A1 EP1728082A1 EP05715016A EP05715016A EP1728082A1 EP 1728082 A1 EP1728082 A1 EP 1728082A1 EP 05715016 A EP05715016 A EP 05715016A EP 05715016 A EP05715016 A EP 05715016A EP 1728082 A1 EP1728082 A1 EP 1728082A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- fuel cell
- segmented
- current density
- distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/08—Measuring current density
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device with which the current density distribution in a single fuel cell and in particular also in complete fuel cell stacks can be determined.
- Cell current or the entire cell voltage can be tapped.
- water management and temperature distribution also influence the current distribution in a cell.
- Cleghorn et al. [8] discloses a segmented anode for a fuel cell. It is made from a plated-through printed circuit board. A segment is connected to a first contact voltage source and the current flowing through the segment can be measured. The remaining segments are connected to a second contact voltage source. By switching between the segments, the current through all segments can be measured.
- a printed circuit board is also used by Brett et at. In [2], whereby isolated current collectors were created to avoid segmentation of the cell.
- Wieser et al. Hall sensors are used in a segmented flow field plate in order to measure the magnetic field which results from the current flow in the electrochemical cell. The current density distribution can then be calculated back from this. A test arrangement for a 600 cm 2 electrode area with 5 x 8 current sensors is shown.
- Yonn et al. discloses in [9] a segmented single cell, in which the magnetic field is also measured and the current density distribution is calculated therefrom.
- the segmented flow field is used both on the cathode side and on the anode side.
- DE 100 03 584 A1 describes a method which determines the current density distribution in a fuel cell by measuring the external magnetic field.
- DE 102 13 479 A1 discloses a method and a device for determining the current density distribution, the temperature distribution and the pressure distribution over the cross section of a conductor, in which measuring cells are arranged in a matrix. The measuring cells of a row are activated by a signal. A signal is then tapped at the columns, which is proportional to the current to be measured. It is common to all of the aforementioned measurement methods that the distribution of the current density was determined only with a high level of wiring complexity and / or with a relatively poor resolution.
- the current density characterizes the performance of a fuel cell. It is usually measured in mA / cm 2 . Because this parameter also depends on the cell voltage, the current density is usually related to a cell voltage between 0.6 and 0.7 V. The current density depends on the effective cell area of the electrodes. Due to its porous design, the surface is usually many times larger than its mechanical surface. However, there is generally no linearity between the two quantities. A doubling of the cell area does not necessarily lead to a doubling of the current density.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device for determining the local current density distribution within a single cell or a fuel cell stack, with which realistic current density measurements can be carried out in a simple manner over the cell cross section.
- the device according to the invention is a current-conducting plate, in particular made of expanded graphite, which is arranged within the fuel cell or a fuel cell stack.
- the plate is arranged, for example, between an end plate and a bipolar plate on the cathode side of a fuel cell.
- the plate Due to its good sealing properties, the plate can be arranged both in a single cell and in a fuel cell stack. A partial segmentation of the graphite plate results in a
- Resistor network realized on the graphite plate.
- the segmented plate it is produced, for example, from a single plate, the individual segments being separated from adjacent segments apart from four thin webs at the corners of each segment.
- the segmentation can, however, also be carried out by assembling individual segments which, for example, are arranged separately from one another to form a plate by insulating material.
- Each segment has the function of a resistor in the resistor network.
- Each segment is connected to two cables to take a potential difference.
- each segment The front and back of each segment are arranged.
- the partial segmentation of the plate advantageously reduces the lateral current flow in the plate. As soon as a current flows through a segment, a potential change occurs above that due to the material resistance
- Segment on The potential differences across different segments depend on the local current flowing there. The potential difference is advantageously measured in the center of each resistance segment. The current density distribution can then be calculated with this. The accuracy of the current density distribution increases with the number of segments.
- the person skilled in the art can select an appropriate matrix for a fuel cell on the basis of the question to be clarified. With a cell size of 16 ⁇ 24 cm 2 and an active area of 244 cm 2 , for example, a matrix of at least 4 ⁇ 5 segments is advantageously provided.
- the number of contact wires also disadvantageously increases with the number of segments, which on the one hand leads to increased wiring complexity and on the other hand to a regularly larger disturbance of the system.
- an advantageous embodiment of the device provides very thin wires, which for example have a diameter of only 0.15 mm.
- Another advantageous embodiment has sequentially connected wires. This means that only one wire is guided in a row or column of segments, which is in contact with all the segments in this row.
- a sequential row connection is advantageously provided on a first side of the plate and a sequential column connection is provided on the second side. This allows the number of wires to be significantly reduced and the influence of these wires on the system is also further reduced.
- the fuel cell that is actually to be examined remains unchanged in the device according to the invention.
- the additionally inserted segmented plate and possibly further plates can simply be removed again after the current density distribution has been determined for this fuel cell.
- the additional additional plates can be both segmented and non-segmented, and in particular also consist of expanded graphite. These additional plates advantageously protect the contact points and the wires of the actual segmented plate. At the same time, they can serve as sealing elements, for example for an existing cooling circuit.
- the advantages of the device according to the invention can be summarized as follows.
- the management of the fuel cell stack is hardly affected. Measurements for determining the local current density distribution over the cross section of the cell are possible both within an individual fuel cell and for a fuel cell stack.
- Using the additional plate makes segmentation of one of the electrodes unnecessary. After removing the plate, the cell is still fully functional.
- the device according to the invention thus provides a simple and inexpensive way of obtaining better insights into the reactivity within a fuel cell.
- the improved determination of current density distributions enables advantageous optimizations of the operational management of a fuel cell in a simple manner.
- the current density distribution is determined in a single PEM fuel cell with the dimensions 24 ⁇ 16 cm 2 and an active electrode area of 244 cm 2 .
- the fuel cell has a 14-channel serpentine distributor plate, which is shown in FIG. 1.
- a plate 1 made of expanded graphite with a thickness of 0.1 cm and dimensions similar to the fuel cell is used as a resistance network.
- the graphite plate is segmented into 20 equally large areas 2 of size 32 x 32 mm 2 , so that a 5 x 4 resistance network results. This type of segmentation is advantageously based on the position of the serpentines 3 on the distributor plate.
- the network itself is generated by dividing lines 4 in the graphite plate on the order of 2 x 30 mm 2 , which separates adjacent segments from one another, but leaves a connection 5 of approximately 4 x 4 mm 2 at the corners.
- the segments are usually numbered in the flow direction of the cathode gas.
- Each side of a segment is contacted with a copper cable 6, so that there are a total of forty copper cables.
- copper wires with a cross section of 0.15 mm are used, which are led to the outside via one of the dividing lines to one side of the fuel cell.
- the position of the resistance network within the fuel cell is clear in FIG.
- the plate 1 with the resistance network (1 + 6) is arranged in the fuel cell on the cathode side between an end plate 8 and a bipolar plate 9, whereby it is itself arranged between two further segmented graphite plates 10. These two additional graphite plates are intended in particular to prevent damage to the contact points of the resistance network.
- a compact graphite plate 11 is provided between one of the segmented graphite plates 10 and the end plate 8, which regularly prevents air leaks.
- 12 illustrates the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), that of two others
- serpentine channels e.g. 14 pieces 4 separations, for example by gaps or by insulating material
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200410014114 DE102004014114A1 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2004-03-23 | Device for determining the current density distribution in fuel cells |
PCT/DE2005/000310 WO2005096001A1 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2005-02-24 | Device for determining the distribution of current density in fuel cells |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1728082A1 true EP1728082A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 |
Family
ID=34963345
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05715016A Ceased EP1728082A1 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2005-02-24 | Device for determining the distribution of current density in fuel cells |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1728082A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004014114A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005096001A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006005340A1 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-09 | Volkswagen Ag | Detecting device for operational data of fuel cell in fuel cell stack, has sensor plate integrated into fuel cell stack |
DE102007058837A1 (en) | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Technische Universität Clausthal | Electrochemical energy conversion system |
CN104359571A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-02-18 | 北京工业大学 | Fuel cell internal temperature-current density distribution measurement male tab |
DE102018132272A1 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Device for characterizing an ion-permeable separator of a fuel cell |
CN113701824B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device and method for testing local current density-temperature distribution of fuel cell |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5504471A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1996-04-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Passively-multiplexed resistor array |
WO2003071258A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-28 | Cantion A/S | Sensor comprising an array of piezoresistors |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10151601B4 (en) * | 2001-10-15 | 2005-03-10 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Gas distribution element, contact plate and fuel cell stack |
US6828053B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-12-07 | General Motors Corporation | In-situ resistive current and temperature distribution circuit for a fuel cell |
JP4048097B2 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2008-02-13 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell current density measurement device |
DE10316117B3 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-04-29 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Device for measuring local current/heat distribution on electrochemical electrode has current flow direction to resistance element transverse to current flow direction to current conducting element |
-
2004
- 2004-03-23 DE DE200410014114 patent/DE102004014114A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-24 WO PCT/DE2005/000310 patent/WO2005096001A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-02-24 EP EP05715016A patent/EP1728082A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5504471A (en) * | 1993-09-16 | 1996-04-02 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Passively-multiplexed resistor array |
WO2003071258A1 (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-28 | Cantion A/S | Sensor comprising an array of piezoresistors |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2005096001A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102004014114A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
WO2005096001A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
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Inventor name: DOHLE, HENDRIK Inventor name: GHOSH, PRAKASH CHANDRA 53 BIBIGANJ ROAD Inventor name: MERGEL, JUERGEN Inventor name: WUESTER, THORSTEN |
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