EP1726558B1 - Crane with a device for the positioning of the self-erecting crane - Google Patents

Crane with a device for the positioning of the self-erecting crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1726558B1
EP1726558B1 EP06009592A EP06009592A EP1726558B1 EP 1726558 B1 EP1726558 B1 EP 1726558B1 EP 06009592 A EP06009592 A EP 06009592A EP 06009592 A EP06009592 A EP 06009592A EP 1726558 B1 EP1726558 B1 EP 1726558B1
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crane
wheels
wheel axle
wheel
rotating disc
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1726558A3 (en
EP1726558A2 (en
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Vincenzo Zangari
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
    • B66C23/34—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes
    • B66C23/344—Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes adapted for transport purposes

Definitions

  • the articulated, self-erecting, cranes consist of a tower and an arm. Both consist of at least two articulated parts, which are brought from a folded space-saving transport position in an upright working position.
  • This type of crane thus offers the advantage of a quick and easy erection and a comfortable folding, whereby for these operations, the same hydraulic drive unit is used, which is available for driving the tower and the crane winch.
  • the said cranes because of the limited dimensions, easily transportable by they are usually provided with fixed rear wheels and steerable front wheels, which are equipped with a drawbar, which can be coupled directly to a self-propelled vehicle.
  • the lower part of the articulated crane tower is provided with a pair of non-steerable wheels, which rest in the transport position on the ground while they are in working position on the crane tower at a certain distance from the ground.
  • a device attachable which consists of a steerable pair of wheels, which is driven by an internal combustion engine.
  • This solution does not lend itself to satisfactory maneuverability and requires the use of a specific internal combustion engine.
  • a trolley with four wheels is attached to the back of the structure of the crane foot.
  • This carriage is equipped with a, by a pivoting arm vertically adjustable mounting bracket, which is coupled to the back of the structure of the crane foot to, by operating a carriage mounted on the lever system to raise the transport crane placed in the rear or lowered, this, by Resting the crane feet on the ground, swung forward correspondingly, or can be lowered to be placed with a front tiller element on the turntable of a semi-trailer and coupled, or uncoupled, to be able to. If, after coupling the drawbar element, the mounting bracket of the carriage further raised, the crane feet are lifted from the ground and can be swung in and the crane can be transported away from the tractor.
  • the invention has as its object to provide a crane with a device which is simple, can be attached to the articulated, automatically erecting, construction crane, which is suitable to make the transport and adjustment at the construction site simple and secure, with the Possibility for these operations to use the same hydraulic unit already provided for erecting and operating the crane.
  • the invention proposes the attachment of a front pair of wheels, which is steerable about a common vertical axis through 360 ° and provided with a known drawbar , while the axis of the rear wheels by means of mounting plates or other assemblable or customizable fasteners on the lower element the crane tower, which is in transport position and thus in a reduced space requirement in a substantially horizontal position, are attached.
  • These mounting plates, or these connecting elements are provided at the bottom with a rotary plate or a bearing for the wheel axis rotatable in a horizontal plane and about a vertical axis.
  • the wheel axle is provided at both ends with a wheel, which is driven by a motor which is preferably connected via a drive chain or other effetsunsorgan and allows the notching of the wheel from the engine.
  • the two engines are preferably hydraulic motors, which are powered by the same aggregate motor hydraulic pump of the crane without a drive by a specific aggregate or the use of electric motors, which are fed by an electric power unit or by existing on site, power supply, exclude.
  • the motors are provided with automatic locking device, so that the wheels are blocked when interrupting the feed.
  • the locking of the wheels can also be achieved by acting on the wheels, on the engine or on the constructivesunsorgane brake or locking device.
  • the invention further does not exclude that the two rear wheels are attached to the wheel axle, e.g. are mounted telescopically, extendable and insertable, wherein these movements are achieved by a provided outside or inside the wheel axle hydraulic cylinder.
  • the turntable which is provided between the wheel axle and the connecting member for the crane in transport position, provided with a locking device which locks the wheel axle, e.g. in a position of 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal extent of the crane in transport position and in other predetermined or arbitrary positions allowed.
  • the rear wheel axle turntable is provided with two stops to limit rotation and prevent the risk of lateral tilting of the crane.
  • the maximum retracted position is that which in any case provides security against lateral tilting of the crane during adjustment.
  • Each of the extended positions of the wheels increases the stability.
  • the retractable and extendable rear wheels offer the possibility to reduce the dimensions further so that the adjustment of the crane are also narrowed by narrow passages and tortuous passages which are, for example, by construction material or devices deposited on the construction site.
  • the steerable front pair of wheels with drawbar as well as the driving rear pair of wheels, equipped with connecting elements, which can be adapted to the structure of the crane, which may be of different types and production, so that a single device for the adjustment various types of cranes is usable.
  • the front pair of wheels is provided with a detent which acts on the steering and which may possibly be actuated by the drawbar.
  • the rear wheel axle may be pivotable in accordance with an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the folded crane; this pivotal movement is limited by fixed stops, they can be locked in a horizontal position and basic by a hydraulic cylinder which acts between the turntable and wheel axle.
  • the swivel wheel axle makes it possible to compensate for inclinations of the ground and / or to overcome stronger irregularities such as ground steps and subsidence.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an articulated, self-righting, crane in folded transport position with a front steerable pair of wheels with drawbar, which is attached to the structure of the foot of the crane, with support bracket and adjustable legs, and with a rear pair of driving wheels, which on a Wheel axle is mounted, which is connected via a turntable with the lower part of the horizontally folded, aligned with the structure of the foot, crane tower; to make the drawing clearer, the organs are for the erection of the crane, the hydraulic drive and other details, which are unimportant for the explanation of the device according to the invention, not shown.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a functional diagram of the invention according to the invention on a crane in transport position according to Fig. 1 attached device in plan view without showing the upper parts of the crane tower and without the parts of the crane arm.
  • the structure of the foot 2 of the articulated, self-erecting, crane consists of a known support structure 1 with four adjustable legs, front is this structure, which generally also carries the counterweight, provided with a plate 2a at which by means of counter-plate 4a the front known, steerable by drawbar 4b S pair of wheels 5 is attached, the drawbar is usually provided at the free end with a drawbar eye.
  • the lower element 3 of the crane tower which is hinged to the structure of the foot 2 is locked in a substantially horizontal position.
  • the second tower element 3c is articulated 3b, to which the first arm element 3e is articulated 3d, to which in turn the second arm element is articulated 3f.
  • the device for the adjustment of the crane consists essentially of a wheel axle 8 for the rear wheels 6 which are each driven by the motor 9 and a turntable with a vertical axis of rotation 7d, which consists of a lower pin 8 connected to the disc 7 and an upper Disc 7a which is provided with plates 7b or with other, possibly adjustable, connecting elements.
  • Said device is mounted on the lower element 3 of the crane tower in transport position, in a position beyond the vertical axis, which passes through the center of gravity of the entire crane structure in transport position, so that said axis between the device with the rear wheels 6 and the front steerable pair of wheels 5, noticeably closer to the axis 7d of the turntable with the wheel axis 8 so that the weight of the crane stronger the rear wheels 6 as the front wheels 5 loaded.
  • the turntable consisting of two plates with a vertical axis of rotation 7d is provided with at least one catch 7c in order to be able to fix the basic position of the wheel axle 8 in a position 90 ° to the horizontal extension of the lower tower element 3 and other predetermined or freely selectable positions.
  • This lock 7c may consist of a pin which engages in a series of holes or notches and which can be unlocked only by overcoming a spring force or by removing a fuse element.
  • the rotational movement of the wheel axle 8, or the lower plate 7 of the turntable with respect to the upper plate 7a, is limited for safety and stability reasons by fixed stops.
  • the wheel axle 8 can be pivotally mounted on the lower plate 7 of the turntable after a longitudinal axis of the crane in transport position, parallel axis.
  • the pivotal movement of the wheel axle 8 is limited by two fixed stops and, for example by a pin, locked in a horizontal basic position while the pivoting movement by means of hydraulic cylinder which acts between the lower plate 7 of the turntable and the wheel axle 8, is actuated to compensate for inclinations floor and / or overcoming steps, depressions or other ground irregularities along the displacement path.
  • the rear wheels 6 can be supported 9a directly on the ends of the wheel axle 8 or on, by means of hydraulic cylinder 10, extendable and retractable E stub axles 8a, it being noted that the maximum retracted position in any case the stability and specified by the standards Security must grant.
  • the motors 9 may be hydraulic motors, which are fed by the hydraulic unit already present on the crane or by a separate unit, but without precluding the use of electric motors which are fed by an electric unit or by the existing mains current.
  • the motors 9 are advantageously of the type which lock the wheels in the absence of feed. In order to perform the various Verstellmanöver, the motors must be 9 individually and controllable in both directions. The invention does not exclude the use of a locking mechanism or brake mechanism acting on the motors 9 or on the wheels 6 or on the transmission means which connect the motors 9 to the wheels 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Device for adjusting hinged automatically aligning cranes comprises a front pair of wheels (5) arranged on the front structure of the crane foot (2) and a rear pair of wheels (6) having an axle (8) which is connected to a lower element (3) of the crane tower via an intermediate layer of a rotating plate consisting of plates (7a) which rotate about a vertical axis. Each of the wheels (6) is driven by a motor (9). The rotating plate has a stop mechanism (7c) for stopping the axle in a position of 90[deg] and in positions at a different angle to the longitudinal extension of the lower element of the crane tower. Preferred Features: The wheels can be pulled out on the wheel axle coaxial or parallel to its axle and are operated by hydraulic cylinders arranged on the outside or inside of the wheel axle.

Description

Die gelenkigen, sich automatisch aufrichtenden, Kräne bestehen aus einem Turm und einem Arm. Beide bestehen aus mindestens zwei gelenkig verbundenen Teilen, welche aus einer zusammengeklappten platzsparenden Transportstellung in eine aufgerichtete Arbeitsstellung gebracht werden. Diese Kranart bietet also den Vorteil eines schnellen und einfachen Aufrichtens und eines bequemen Zusammenklappens, wobei für diese Arbeitsgänge das selbe hydraulische Antriebsaggregat genutzt wird, welches für den Antrieb des Turms und der Kranwinde vorhanden ist. Weiter sind die besagten Kräne, wegen der begrenzten Ausmaße, leicht transportierbar indem sie meist mit feststehenden Hinterrädern und mit lenkbaren Vorderrädern versehen sind, welche mit einer Deichsel ausgestattet sind, welche direkt an ein Fahrzeug mit Selbstantrieb angekuppelt werden kann.The articulated, self-erecting, cranes consist of a tower and an arm. Both consist of at least two articulated parts, which are brought from a folded space-saving transport position in an upright working position. This type of crane thus offers the advantage of a quick and easy erection and a comfortable folding, whereby for these operations, the same hydraulic drive unit is used, which is available for driving the tower and the crane winch. Further, the said cranes, because of the limited dimensions, easily transportable by they are usually provided with fixed rear wheels and steerable front wheels, which are equipped with a drawbar, which can be coupled directly to a self-propelled vehicle.

Die Praxis hat gezeigt, dass diese Kräne, welche vorzugsweise auf kleinen Baustellen eingesetzt werden, oft nicht ein leichtes Verstellen auf dem Baugelände, auf welchem oft verschiedene Gerätschaften Platz einnehmen, ermöglichen.Practice has shown that these cranes, which are preferably used on small construction sites, often not a slight adjustment on the site, on which often occupy various equipment, allow space.

Aus der FR 2750411 ist ein gelenkiger, sich automatisch aufrichtender, Baukran bekannt welcher mit einem Fahrgestell mit vier lenkbaren Rädern ausgestattet ist, von denen eines der vorderen und eines der hinteren Räder durch einen Hydraulikmotor angetrieben ist, welcher von einem Aggregat Motor/Hydraulikpumpe gespeist wird. Im mittleren Bereich ist das besagte Fahrgestell mit Drehscheibe mit vertikaler Drehachse ausgestattet, welche den Kranturm trägt. Wenn auch diese Lösung dem Kran eine zufriedenstellende Manövrierbarkeit verleiht, bringt sie eine beachtenswerte Verteuerung des Preises des Krans und den Einsatz eines Aggregates Motor/Hydraulikpumpe mit sich.From the FR 2750411 is an articulated, automatically erecting, crane known which is equipped with a chassis with four steerable wheels, of which one of the front and one of the rear wheels is driven by a hydraulic motor, which is fed by an engine / hydraulic pump unit. In the middle area, said chassis is equipped with a turntable with a vertical axis of rotation, which carries the crane tower. Even if this solution gives the crane a satisfactory Maneuverability, it brings a notable increase in the price of the crane and the use of an aggregate engine / hydraulic pump with it.

Es ist weiters bekannt, dass der untere Teil des gelenkigen Kranturms mit einem Paar von nicht lenkbaren Rädern versehen ist, welche in Transportstellung am Boden aufliegen während sie sich in Arbeitsstellung am Kranturm in einem bestimmten Abstand zum Boden befinden. Am vorderen Bereich ist am Gestell welches den Kranfuß bildet, eine Vorrichtung anbringbar welche aus einem lenkbaren Räderpaar besteht, welches von einem Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben ist. Diese Lösung verleiht nicht eine zufrieden stellende Manövrierbarkeit und verlangt den Einsatz eines spezifischen Verbrennungsmotors.
Aus der FR-A-1543312 ist eine Verbesserung an einer Vorrichtung für das Verstellen, bzw. für den Transport, eines gelenkigen und auf Rädern, nach Art eines Hängers, transportierbaren Krans bekannt. Dabei wird rückseitig an die Struktur des Kranfußes ein Laufwagen mit vier Rädern angebracht. Dieser Laufwagen ist mit einer, durch einen schwenkbaren Arm vertikal verstellbaren Befestigungskonsole ausgestattet, welche rückseitig an die Struktur des Kranfußes angekoppelt wird um, durch Betätigung eines am Laufwagen aufgebauten Hebelsystems, den in Transportstellung gebrachten Kran hinten anheben oder absenken zu können, wobei dieser, durch Aufliegen der Kranfüße am Boden, vorne entsprechend hochgeschwenkt, bzw. abgesenkt werden kann, um mit einem vorderen Deichselelement auf die Drehscheibe eines Sattelschleppers aufgesetzt und angekuppelt, bzw. abgekuppelt, werden zu können. Wird, nach Ankuppeln des Deichselelementes, die Befestigungskonsole des Laufwagens weiter angehoben, so werden die Kranfüße vom Boden abgehoben und können eingeschwenkt werden und der Kran kann vom Sattelschlepper abtransportiert werden. Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist zwar geeignet den Kran auch über größere Strecken zu transportieren, für ein Plazieren oder Verstellen des Krans an der Baustelle, wo die Zufahrt öfters eng ist und zwischen gelagerten Baumaterialien hindurch um Kurven und Ecken führt, ist sie jedoch ungeeignet. Weiters muss ein Sattelschlepper zur Verfügung stehen, die Vorrichtung ist kompliziert, das An- und Abkuppeln ist zeitaufwändig und erfordert mindestens zwei Arbeitskräfte.It is also known that the lower part of the articulated crane tower is provided with a pair of non-steerable wheels, which rest in the transport position on the ground while they are in working position on the crane tower at a certain distance from the ground. At the front of the frame which forms the crane foot, a device attachable which consists of a steerable pair of wheels, which is driven by an internal combustion engine. This solution does not lend itself to satisfactory maneuverability and requires the use of a specific internal combustion engine.
From the FR-A-1543312 is an improvement in a device for the adjustment, or for the transport, a hinged and on wheels, like a trailer, transportable crane known. Here, a trolley with four wheels is attached to the back of the structure of the crane foot. This carriage is equipped with a, by a pivoting arm vertically adjustable mounting bracket, which is coupled to the back of the structure of the crane foot to, by operating a carriage mounted on the lever system to raise the transport crane placed in the rear or lowered, this, by Resting the crane feet on the ground, swung forward correspondingly, or can be lowered to be placed with a front tiller element on the turntable of a semi-trailer and coupled, or uncoupled, to be able to. If, after coupling the drawbar element, the mounting bracket of the carriage further raised, the crane feet are lifted from the ground and can be swung in and the crane can be transported away from the tractor. Although such a device is suitable for transporting the crane over long distances, it is unsuitable for placing or adjusting the crane at the construction site, where access is often tight and leads around curves and corners between stored building materials. Furthermore, a semi-trailer must be available, the device is complicated, the coupling and uncoupling is time-consuming and requires at least two workers.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe einen Kran mit einer Vorrichtung zu schaffen, welche einfach ist, an dem gelenkigen, sich automatisch aufrichtenden, Baukran befestigt werden kann, welche geeignet ist den Transport und das Verstellen an der Baustelle einfach und sicher zu gestalten, mit der Möglichkeit für diese Arbeitsgänge das selbe Hydraulikaggregat zu nutzen welches bereits für das Aufrichten und den Betrieb des Krans vorgesehen ist.The invention has as its object to provide a crane with a device which is simple, can be attached to the articulated, automatically erecting, construction crane, which is suitable to make the transport and adjustment at the construction site simple and secure, with the Possibility for these operations to use the same hydraulic unit already provided for erecting and operating the crane.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung die Anbringung eines vorderen Räderpaares vor, welches um eine gemeinsame vertikale Achse über 360° lenkbar ist und mit einer bekannten Deichsel versehen ist, während die Achse der hinteren Räder mittels Befestigungsplatten oder anderer zusammenbaubarer oder anpassbarer Verbindungselemente am unteren Element des Kranturmes, welches sich bei Transportstellung und somit bei reduziertem Raumbedarf in wesentlich horizontaler Lage befindet, befestigt sind. Diese Befestigungsplatten, bzw. diese Verbindungselemente sind an der Unterseite mit einer Drehplatte oder einem Lager für die in einer horizontalen Ebene und um eine vertikale Achse drehbare Räderachse versehen. Die Räderachse ist an beiden Enden mit einem Rad versehen, welches von einem Motor angetrieben wird der vorzugsweise über eine Antriebskette oder einem anderen Übertragunsorgan verbunden ist und das Ausklinken des Rades vom Motor ermöglicht. Die beiden Motoren sind vorzugsweise Hydraulikmotoren, welche vom selben Aggregat MotorHydraulikpumpe des Krans gespeist werden ohne einen Antrieb durch ein spezifisches Aggregat oder den Einsatz von Elektromotoren, welche von einem Elektroaggregat oder durch, an der Baustelle vorhandenem, Netzstom gespeist werden, auszuschließen. Vorzugsweise sind die Motoren mit selbsttätiger Arretiervorrichtung versehen, so dass die Räder bei Unterbrechung der Einspeisung blockiert werden. Das Arretieren der Räder kann aber auch durch eine auf die Räder, auf den Motor oder auf die Übertragunsorgane wirkende Bremse oder Arretiervorrichtung erreicht werden.To solve this problem, the invention proposes the attachment of a front pair of wheels, which is steerable about a common vertical axis through 360 ° and provided with a known drawbar , while the axis of the rear wheels by means of mounting plates or other assemblable or customizable fasteners on the lower element the crane tower, which is in transport position and thus in a reduced space requirement in a substantially horizontal position, are attached. These mounting plates, or these connecting elements are provided at the bottom with a rotary plate or a bearing for the wheel axis rotatable in a horizontal plane and about a vertical axis. The wheel axle is provided at both ends with a wheel, which is driven by a motor which is preferably connected via a drive chain or other Übertragungsunsorgan and allows the notching of the wheel from the engine. The two engines are preferably hydraulic motors, which are powered by the same aggregate motor hydraulic pump of the crane without a drive by a specific aggregate or the use of electric motors, which are fed by an electric power unit or by existing on site, power supply, exclude. Preferably, the motors are provided with automatic locking device, so that the wheels are blocked when interrupting the feed. However, the locking of the wheels can also be achieved by acting on the wheels, on the engine or on the Übertragungsunsorgane brake or locking device.

Die Erfindung schließt weiterhin nicht aus, dass die beiden hinteren Räder an der Räderachse, z.B. teleskopartig, ausziehbar und einschiebbar gelagert sind, wobei diese Bewegungen durch einem außerhalb oder innerhalb der Räderachse vorgesehenem Hydraulikzylinder erreicht werden.The invention further does not exclude that the two rear wheels are attached to the wheel axle, e.g. are mounted telescopically, extendable and insertable, wherein these movements are achieved by a provided outside or inside the wheel axle hydraulic cylinder.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Drehscheibe, welche zwischen der Räderachse und dem Verbindungsorgan für den Kran in Transportstellung vorgesehen ist, mit einer Sperrvorrichtung versehen welche das Sperren der Räderachse, z.B. in einer Position von 90° in Bezug auf die Längserstreckung des Kranes in Transportstellung und in weiteren vorbestimmten oder frei wählbaren Positionen, ermöglicht.According to the invention, the turntable, which is provided between the wheel axle and the connecting member for the crane in transport position, provided with a locking device which locks the wheel axle, e.g. in a position of 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal extent of the crane in transport position and in other predetermined or arbitrary positions allowed.

Die hinteren Räder, welche voneinander unabhängig mittels den ihnen zugeordneten Motor angetrieben werden, verleihen dem Kran, zusammen mit der um eine vertikale Achse drehbar gelagerten Räderachse und zusammen mit den lenkbaren Vorderräder, eine beachtenswerte Manövrierbarkeit:

  • das geradlinige Verstellen vorwärts oder rückwärts indem die Deichsel der Vorderräder gemäß der Längserstreckung der umgelegten Teile des Kranturmes gehalten wird und indem die Motoren der Hinterräder mit gleicher Drehzahl arbeiten und die Drehscheibe der Räderachse in einer Stellung mit 90° zum horizontal umgelegten Kranturm blockiert ist;
  • das Verstellen gemäß einer Kurve vorwärts oder rückwärts, nach rechts oder nach links indem die Deichsel der Vorderräder so gehalten wird dass ein bestimmter Winkel (auch 90°) zur Längserstreckung der umgelegten Elemente des Krtanturmes gebildet wird und wobei die hinterräder mit unterschiedlicher Drehzahl, je nach Richtung der Kurve, angetrieben werden; bei Arretieren eines der Räder und bei einer Position der Deichsel mit 90° zum umgelegten Kranturm ist ein drehen des Krans um eine vertikale Achse welche durch das arretierte Hinterrad verläuft möglich, immer mit der Deichsel in 90° Stellung und bei Drehen der beiden Hinterräder mit gleicher Drehzahl, aber in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung, ist es möglich ein Drehen des Krans um eine, zur Achse der Drehscheibe, koachsiale Achse zu erreichen;
  • das Verstellen gemäß einer Diagonale vorwärts oder rückwärts mit arretierter Drehscheibe, so dass diese einen gewissen Winkel, größer oder kleiner als 90° zur Längserstreckung des umgelegten Kranturms einnimmt, wobei die Deichsel der vorderen Räder eine Stellung einnimmt, dass die Achse dieser Räder parallel zur Achse der Hinterräder ausgerichtet ist; das Verstellen erfolgt, bei gleicher Drehzahl der Motoren, geradlinig und bei unterschiedlicher Drehzahl der Motoren sowie entsprechender Stellung der Deichsel del Vorderräder, gemäß einer Kurvenlinie.
The rear wheels, which are independently driven by their associated motor, give the crane, along with the axle rotatably mounted about a vertical axis and together with the steerable front wheels, a remarkable maneuverability:
  • the rectilinear adjustment forwards or backwards by holding the drawbar of the front wheels according to the longitudinal extent of the folded parts of the crane tower and by operating the motors of the rear wheels at the same speed and the wheel axle turntable is locked in a position 90 ° to the horizontally folded crane tower;
  • Adjusting according to a curve forward or backward, to the right or to the left by the drawbar of the front wheels is held so that a certain angle (also 90 °) is formed to the longitudinal extent of the folded elements of the turret and wherein the rear wheels at different speeds, depending on Direction of the curve to be driven; when locking one of the wheels and at a position of the drawbar with 90 ° to the folded crane tower is a turning of the crane about a vertical axis which passes through the locked rear wheel possible, always with the drawbar in 90 ° position and turning the two rear wheels with the same Rotational speed, but in the opposite direction of rotation, it is possible to achieve rotation of the crane about a, coaxial to the axis of the hub, coaxial axis;
  • the adjustment according to a diagonal forward or backward with locked turntable so that it occupies a certain angle, greater or less than 90 ° to the longitudinal extent of the folded crane tower, the drawbar of the front wheels occupies a position that the axis of these wheels parallel to the axis the rear wheels is aligned; the adjustment is carried out at the same speed of the motors, straight and at different speed of the motors and corresponding position of the drawbar del front wheels, according to a curved line.

Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist die Drehscheibe für die hintere Räderachse mit zwei Anschlägen versehen, um die Drehung zu begrenzen und die Gefahr eines seitlichen Kippens des Krans zu verhindern.
Im Falle seitlich ein- und ausziehbarer Hinterräder ist die maximal eingezogene Position jene, welche jedenfalls Sicherheit gegen ein seitliches Umkippen des Kranes während des Verstellens bietet. Jede der ausgezogenen Positionen der Räder erhöht die Stabilität. Die ein- und ausziehbaren Hinterräder bieten die Möglichkeit die Ausmaße weiter zu vermindern damit das Verstellen des Krans auch durch Engstellen und gewundene Passagen welche z.B. durch, an der Baustelle abgelagertes, Baumaterial oder Vorrichtungen eingeengt sind.For safety reasons, the rear wheel axle turntable is provided with two stops to limit rotation and prevent the risk of lateral tilting of the crane.
In the case of laterally extendable and retractable rear wheels, the maximum retracted position is that which in any case provides security against lateral tilting of the crane during adjustment. Each of the extended positions of the wheels increases the stability. The retractable and extendable rear wheels offer the possibility to reduce the dimensions further so that the adjustment of the crane are also narrowed by narrow passages and tortuous passages which are, for example, by construction material or devices deposited on the construction site.

Erfindungsgemäß sind vorzugsweise, sei es das lenkbare vordere Räderpaar mit Deichsel, als auch das Treibende hintere Räderpaar, mit Verbindungselementen ausgestattet, welche der Struktur des Kranes, welcher unterschiedlicher Art und Herstellung sein kann, angepasst werden können, so dass eine einzige Vorrichtung für das Verstellen verschiedenartiger Krane verwendbar ist.According to the invention are preferably, be it the steerable front pair of wheels with drawbar, as well as the driving rear pair of wheels, equipped with connecting elements, which can be adapted to the structure of the crane, which may be of different types and production, so that a single device for the adjustment various types of cranes is usable.

Das vordere Räderpaar ist mit einer Arretierung versehen, welche auf die Lenkung wirkt und welche eventuell durch die Deichsel betätigt werden kann. Gemäß einer erfindungsgemäßen Weiterentwicklung kann die hintere Räderachse gemäß einer zur Längsachse des umgelegten Kranes parallelen Achse schwenkbar sein; diese Schwenkbewegung wird durch feststehende Anschläge begrenzt, sie kann in einer horizontalen Grundstellung arretiert werden und durch einen Hydraulikzylinder welcher zwischen Drehscheibe und Räderachse wirkt verstellt werden. Die schwenkbare Räderachse ermöglicht den Ausgleich von Neigungen des Bodens und/oder das Überwinden von stärkeren Unregelmäßigkeiten wie Bodenstufen und -senkungen.The front pair of wheels is provided with a detent which acts on the steering and which may possibly be actuated by the drawbar. According to a further development of the invention, the rear wheel axle may be pivotable in accordance with an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the folded crane; this pivotal movement is limited by fixed stops, they can be locked in a horizontal position and basic by a hydraulic cylinder which acts between the turntable and wheel axle. The swivel wheel axle makes it possible to compensate for inclinations of the ground and / or to overcome stronger irregularities such as ground steps and subsidence.

Die Erfindung wird anschließend anhand eines in den beigelegten Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für das Verstellen von gelenkigen, sich selbst aufrichtenden Kräne näher erklärt.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment of a device according to the invention for the adjustment of articulated, self-erecting cranes schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht einen gelenkigen, sich selbst aufrichtenden, Kran in umgelegter Transportstellung mit einem vorderen lenkbaren Räderpaar mit Deichsel, welches an der Struktur des Fußes des Kranes, mit Auflageausleger und verstellbaren Standbeinen, angebracht ist und mit einem hinteren treibenden Räderpaar, welches an einer Räderachse angebracht ist, welche über eine Drehscheibe mit dem unteren Teil des horizontal umgelegten, mit der Struktur des Fußes fluchtenden, Kranturmes verbunden ist; um die Zeichnung übersichtlicher zu gestalten, sind die Organe für das Aufrichten des Kranes, der hydraulische Antrieb und andere Details, welche für die Erklärung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung unwichtig sind, nicht dargestellt.The Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an articulated, self-righting, crane in folded transport position with a front steerable pair of wheels with drawbar, which is attached to the structure of the foot of the crane, with support bracket and adjustable legs, and with a rear pair of driving wheels, which on a Wheel axle is mounted, which is connected via a turntable with the lower part of the horizontally folded, aligned with the structure of the foot, crane tower; to make the drawing clearer, the organs are for the erection of the crane, the hydraulic drive and other details, which are unimportant for the explanation of the device according to the invention, not shown.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein Funktionsschema der erfindungsgemäßen an einem Kran in Transportstellung gemäß Fig. 1 angebrachten Vorrichtung in Draufsicht ohne Darstellung der oberen Teile des Kranturmes und ohne der Teile des Kranarmes.The Fig. 2 shows a functional diagram of the invention according to the invention on a crane in transport position according to Fig. 1 attached device in plan view without showing the upper parts of the crane tower and without the parts of the crane arm.

Die Struktur des Fußes 2 des gelenkigen, sich selbst aufrichtenden, Kranes besteht aus einer bekannten Auflagestruktur 1 mit vier verstellbaren Standbeinen, vorne ist diese Struktur, welche generell auch das Gegengewicht trägt, mit einer Platte 2a versehen an welcher mittels Gegenplatte 4a das vordere bekannte, durch Deichsel 4b lenkbare S Räderpaar 5 angebracht ist, die Deichsel ist am freien Ende meist mit einer Zugöse versehen. In Transportstellung ist das untere Element 3 des Kranturmes, welches an der Struktur des Fußes 2 angelenkt ist in wesentlich horizontaler Position arretiert. Am entgegengesetzten Ende dieses ersten Elementes 3 ist das zweite Turmelement 3c angelenkt 3b an, welchem das erste Armelement 3e angelenkt 3d ist, an welchem wiederum das zweite Armelement angelenkt 3f ist. Das Aufrichten des Krans erfolgt mittels Hydraulikzylinder und/oder mittels durch Hydraulikmotor betriebene Seilwinden, welche von einem einzigen Hydraulikpumpaggregat gespeist werden welches, nach Einnahme der aufgerichteten Arbeitsstellung des Krans, den Motor für die Drehung des Turmes und die Seilwinde für das Heben und Senken der Lasten, bzw. für das Verfahren der Katze entlang dem Kranarm, antreibt. Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Vorrichtung für das Verstellen des Krans wesentlich aus einer Räderachse 8 für die hinteren Räder 6 welche jeweils vom Motor 9 angetrieben werden und aus einer Drehscheibe mit vertikaler Rotationsachse 7d, welche aus einer unteren mit dem Zapfen 8 verbundenen Scheibe 7 und aus einer oberen Scheibe 7a welche mit Platten 7b oder mit anderen, eventuell anpassbaren, Verbindungselementen versehen ist.The structure of the foot 2 of the articulated, self-erecting, crane consists of a known support structure 1 with four adjustable legs, front is this structure, which generally also carries the counterweight, provided with a plate 2a at which by means of counter-plate 4a the front known, steerable by drawbar 4b S pair of wheels 5 is attached, the drawbar is usually provided at the free end with a drawbar eye. In transport position, the lower element 3 of the crane tower, which is hinged to the structure of the foot 2 is locked in a substantially horizontal position. At the opposite end of this first element 3, the second tower element 3c is articulated 3b, to which the first arm element 3e is articulated 3d, to which in turn the second arm element is articulated 3f. The erection of the crane by means of hydraulic cylinders and / or operated by hydraulic motor winches, which are fed by a single hydraulic pump unit which, after taking the erected working position of the crane, the motor for the rotation of the tower and the winch for raising and lowering the loads , or for the method of the cat along the crane arm, drives. According to the invention the device for the adjustment of the crane consists essentially of a wheel axle 8 for the rear wheels 6 which are each driven by the motor 9 and a turntable with a vertical axis of rotation 7d, which consists of a lower pin 8 connected to the disc 7 and an upper Disc 7a which is provided with plates 7b or with other, possibly adjustable, connecting elements.

Die besagte Vorrichtung ist am unteren Element 3 des Kranturms in Transportstellung, in einer Position jenseits der vertikalen Achse, welche durch den Schwerpunkt der gesamten Kranstruktur in Transportstellung verläuft, angebracht so dass die besagte Achse sich zwischen der Vorrichtung mit den hinteren Rädern 6 und dem vorderen lenkbaren Räderpaar 5, merklich näher an der Achse 7d der Drehscheibe mit der Räderachse 8 befindet damit das Gewicht des Krans stärker die Hinterräder 6 als die Vorderräder 5 belastet.Said device is mounted on the lower element 3 of the crane tower in transport position, in a position beyond the vertical axis, which passes through the center of gravity of the entire crane structure in transport position, so that said axis between the device with the rear wheels 6 and the front steerable pair of wheels 5, noticeably closer to the axis 7d of the turntable with the wheel axis 8 so that the weight of the crane stronger the rear wheels 6 as the front wheels 5 loaded.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die aus zwei Platten mit vertikaler Drehachse 7d bestehende Drehscheibe mit mindestens einer Arretierung 7c versehen, um die Grundstellung der Räderachse 8 in einer Position 90° zur horizontalen Erstreckung des unteren Turmelementes 3 und andere vorgegebene oder frei wählbare Positionen festlegen zu können. Diese Arretierung 7c kann aus einem Zapfen bestehen, welcher in eine Reihe von Bohrungen oder Kerben einrastet und welcher nur durch Überwinden einer Federkraft oder durch Entnahme eines Sicherungselementes entriegelt werden kann. Die Drehbewegung der Räderachse 8, bzw. der unteren Platte 7 der Drehscheibe bezüglich der oberen Platte 7a, ist aus Sicherheits- und Stabilitätsgründen durch feststehende Anschläge begrenzt.According to the invention, the turntable consisting of two plates with a vertical axis of rotation 7d is provided with at least one catch 7c in order to be able to fix the basic position of the wheel axle 8 in a position 90 ° to the horizontal extension of the lower tower element 3 and other predetermined or freely selectable positions. This lock 7c may consist of a pin which engages in a series of holes or notches and which can be unlocked only by overcoming a spring force or by removing a fuse element. The rotational movement of the wheel axle 8, or the lower plate 7 of the turntable with respect to the upper plate 7a, is limited for safety and stability reasons by fixed stops.

Erfindungsgemäß kann die Räderachse 8 nach einer, zur Längserstreckung des Krans in Transportstellung, parallelen Achse an der unteren Platte 7 der Drehscheibe schwenkbar gelagert sein. Die Schwenkbewegung der Räderachse 8 ist durch zwei feststehende Anschläge begrenzt und, z.B. durch einen Zapfen, in einer horizontalen Grundstellung arretierbar während die Schwenkbewegung mittels Hydraulikzylinder, welcher zwischen der unteren Platte 7 der Drehscheibe und der Räderachse 8 wirkt, betätigt wird um den Ausgleich von Neigungen des Bodens und/oder das Überwinden von Stufen, Senken oder anderer Bodenunregelmäßigkeiten, dem Verstellweg entlang, zu ermöglichen.According to the invention, the wheel axle 8 can be pivotally mounted on the lower plate 7 of the turntable after a longitudinal axis of the crane in transport position, parallel axis. The pivotal movement of the wheel axle 8 is limited by two fixed stops and, for example by a pin, locked in a horizontal basic position while the pivoting movement by means of hydraulic cylinder which acts between the lower plate 7 of the turntable and the wheel axle 8, is actuated to compensate for inclinations floor and / or overcoming steps, depressions or other ground irregularities along the displacement path.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt die Übertragung der Bewegung von den Motoren 9 auf die Räder 6 über Ketten 9a welche nur für die Verstellung an der Baustelle montiert werden.
Erfindungsgemäß können die hinteren Räder 6 direkt an den Enden der Räderachse 8 oder an, mittels Hydraulikzylinder 10, aus- und einziehbaren E Achsschenkeln 8a gelagert 9a werden, wobei zu beachten ist, dass die maximal eingezogene Position jedenfalls die Stabilität und die von den Normen vorgegebene Sicherheit gewähren muss.Advantageously, the transmission of the movement from the motors 9 to the wheels 6 via chains 9a which are mounted only for the adjustment at the construction site.
According to the invention, the rear wheels 6 can be supported 9a directly on the ends of the wheel axle 8 or on, by means of hydraulic cylinder 10, extendable and retractable E stub axles 8a, it being noted that the maximum retracted position in any case the stability and specified by the standards Security must grant.

Die Motoren 9 können Hydraulikmotoren sein, welche vom bereits am Kran vorhandenen Hydraulikaggregat oder von einem eigenen Aggregat gespeist werden, ohne jedoch den Einsatz von Elektromotoren welche von einem Elektroaggregat oder vom vorhandenen Netzstrom gespeist werden auszuschließen. Die Motoren 9 sind vorteilhafter Weise von der Art, welche bei fehlender Einspeisung die Räder arretieren. Um die verschiedenen Verstellmanöver durchführen zu können, müssen die Motoren 9 einzeln und in beide Drehrichtungen steuerbar sein.
Die Erfindung schließt den Einsatz eines auf die Motoren 9 oder auf die Räder 6 oder auf die Übertragungsmittel, welche die Motoren 9 mit den Rädern 6 verbinden, wirkenden Arretiermechanismus oder Bremsmechanismus nicht aus.The motors 9 may be hydraulic motors, which are fed by the hydraulic unit already present on the crane or by a separate unit, but without precluding the use of electric motors which are fed by an electric unit or by the existing mains current. The motors 9 are advantageously of the type which lock the wheels in the absence of feed. In order to perform the various Verstellmanöver, the motors must be 9 individually and controllable in both directions.
The invention does not exclude the use of a locking mechanism or brake mechanism acting on the motors 9 or on the wheels 6 or on the transmission means which connect the motors 9 to the wheels 6.

Claims (7)

  1. Crane with a device for displacing (D) the articulated, self-erecting crane, comprising a front steerable wheel pair (5), which is mounted at the front of the structure of the crane foot (2), and a rear wheel pair (6) which is mounted on the lower element (3) of the crane tower in the horizontal transport position, wherein this device comprises a wheel axle (8) which carries wheels (6) at both ends, characterized in that this wheel axle is connected to the lower element (3) of the crane tower via the interposition of a rotating disc consisting of two plates (7, 7a) which are mounted such that they can be rotated (R) with respect to one another about a vertical axis, wherein each of the wheels (6) is driven by an independently controllable motor (9), wherein the transmission of the movement from the motors (9) to the wheels (6) is such that an idle running state is provided for the respective wheel, and wherein the rotating disc is equipped with a locking mechanism (7c) which is suitable for locking the wheel axle (8) in a position of 90° and in positions of different angles with respect to the longitudinal extent of the lower element (3) of the crane tower.
  2. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the degree of the rotation (R) of the wheel axle (8) is limited by fixed stops which are provided on the plates (7, 7a) of the rotating disc.
  3. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the wheels (6) are mounted on the wheel axle (8), coaxial or parallel to the axis thereof, such that they can be extended and retracted (E), and are actuated by hydraulic cylinders provided outside or inside the wheel axle (8).
  4. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the motors (9) are provided with automatic locking which is suitable for locking the respective wheel (6) in the event of faulty supply to the motor.
  5. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that each of the rear wheels (6) can be immobilized by means of mechanical locking or a brake which acts directly on the wheel (6), on the motor (9) or on the member which connects the motor to the wheel.
  6. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the upper plate (7a) of the rotating disc comprises connecting elements (7f) which can be assembled and tailored to the dimensions and/or to the shape of the lower element (3) of the crane tower.
  7. Crane according to Claim 1, characterized in that the wheel axle (8) for the rear wheels (6) is mounted on the lower plate (7) of the rotating disc such that it can pivot about an axis parallel to the longitudinal extent of the crane in the transport position, and in that the pivoting movement is limited by fixed stops, can be locked in the horizontal position and is actuated by means of hydraulic cylinders which act between the lower plate (7) of the rotating disc and the wheel axle (8).
EP06009592A 2005-05-26 2006-05-10 Crane with a device for the positioning of the self-erecting crane Active EP1726558B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000024A ITBZ20050024A1 (en) 2005-05-26 2005-05-26 DEVICE FOR FACILITATING THE RELEASE OF ARTICULATED CRANES WITH AUTOMATIC INCREASE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1726558A2 EP1726558A2 (en) 2006-11-29
EP1726558A3 EP1726558A3 (en) 2007-08-22
EP1726558B1 true EP1726558B1 (en) 2009-02-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06009592A Active EP1726558B1 (en) 2005-05-26 2006-05-10 Crane with a device for the positioning of the self-erecting crane

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EP (1) EP1726558B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE423745T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502006002924D1 (en)
IT (1) ITBZ20050024A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1397852B1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2013-02-04 Arcosistem Di Zangari Vincenzo DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC LIFTING OF CRANES

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1543312A (en) * 1900-01-01 Potain & Cie Ets F Improvements to the devices for setting up a folding crane on rails and transportable on the road
FR2184544B1 (en) * 1972-05-17 1977-07-08 Loirecord
IT1284449B1 (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-05-21 Gelco Di Corradi Franco LOW ROTATION BUILDING CRANE, WITH HIGH MANEUVERABILITY

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1726558A3 (en) 2007-08-22
EP1726558A2 (en) 2006-11-29
ATE423745T1 (en) 2009-03-15
ITBZ20050024A1 (en) 2006-11-27
DE502006002924D1 (en) 2009-04-09

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