EP1725743B1 - Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1725743B1
EP1725743B1 EP05716854A EP05716854A EP1725743B1 EP 1725743 B1 EP1725743 B1 EP 1725743B1 EP 05716854 A EP05716854 A EP 05716854A EP 05716854 A EP05716854 A EP 05716854A EP 1725743 B1 EP1725743 B1 EP 1725743B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
characteristic value
oscillation
component
determined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05716854A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1725743A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Dankert
Matthias Oechsner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP05716854A priority Critical patent/EP1725743B1/fr
Publication of EP1725743A1 publication Critical patent/EP1725743A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1725743B1 publication Critical patent/EP1725743B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/002—Cleaning of turbomachines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for detecting impurities in turbine components of a turbine, in particular a gas turbine for generating electrical energy as known from US 4548040.
  • a turbine for generating electrical energy In a turbine for generating electrical energy, the energy contained in a working medium is converted into rotational energy of the turbine so that a generator coupled to the turbine is driven and provides electrical power.
  • the hot gas used to drive the gas turbine is usually generated in a combustion chamber, for example, heavy fuel oil or naphtha can be used as fuel for the burner.
  • the hot gas is supplied to the turbine blades of the turbine, thereby generating a rotation of the turbine blade ring.
  • the contaminants usually form undesirable deposits on the affected turbine components, with the fuel used, ambient conditions or turbine operating mode affecting how much and / or how fast these deposits form.
  • the coverings must be removed by cleaning the affected turbine components.
  • the visual inspection can, for example, show that cleaning is actually not yet necessary or that, on the other hand, there may already be damage to turbine components.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying an improved method and a device for detecting impurities in turbine components of a turbine, by means of which in particular disassembly of the turbine is avoided.
  • this method and the device should make it possible to determine the best possible cleaning time.
  • the invention is achieved by a method for detecting impurities in turbine components of a turbine, wherein at least one current vibration characteristic of at least one turbine component is determined during operation of the turbine.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that, in particular, the rotating components of a turbine as a result of the forces acting on them perform a vibration.
  • This vibration may be more or less pronounced in amplitude and / or attenuation, ranging from a rapidly decaying burst to an undamped harmonic oscillation.
  • the frequency with which the affected turbine component oscillates can be used as the vibration characteristic.
  • vibrations can be detected in any operating situation of the turbine, that is also in normal operation.
  • the vibration characteristic value is determined during operation of the turbine.
  • Some vibration characteristics of a turbine component loaded with contaminated hot gas are manifested during operation of the turbine, ie when hot gas is applied to the turbine and the turbine blades are in rotation.
  • the vibration characteristic value is determined during a turbine standstill.
  • the natural frequency of a contaminated component shifts compared to a non-contaminated component.
  • this can be determined, for example, by the component being excited directly or indirectly, for example by means of a shock, and the resulting component vibration is measured.
  • the vibration characteristic value is compared with a vibration reference value which is assigned to a corresponding, non-contaminated turbine component.
  • a vibration reference value which is assigned to a corresponding, non-contaminated turbine component.
  • the turbine component is a turbine blade.
  • the turbine blades are those turbine components that are most in contact with the hot gas during operation. It is therefore to be expected that deposits with impurities will form, in particular on the turbine blades, and as a result the operation of the turbine will be impaired. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous to examine one, several or all turbine blades of the turbine with respect to their current vibration characteristic to be able to detect impurities in time.
  • At least one common vibration characteristic value is determined for a number of comparably operated turbine components.
  • a plurality of rows of turbine blades are arranged one behind the other and are flowed through in succession by the hot gas.
  • the turbine blades of one of these rows are operated comparably by these turbine blades are acted upon in parallel with the hot gas. Due to the symmetrical structure of the turbine, in particular with regard to the arrangement of the blades, therefore, the turbine blades of a blade row are equally loaded.
  • the turbine component leads hot gas.
  • turbine components fall not only the aforementioned turbine blades, but also other components which come into contact with the hot gas, such as Henfingaszu- and / or hot gas lines.
  • such turbine components can be examined for impurities.
  • the vibration characteristic value comprises a natural frequency and / or an oscillation frequency and / or a vibration amplitude and / or a damping characteristic value and / or a vibration decay behavior of the turbine component.
  • vibration characteristics can be determined during operation or during a turbine standstill.
  • the turbine components to be examined usually need not be excited separately to determine these characteristics, since they are excited to vibrate during operation due to the forces acting on them (for example, centrifugal forces and / or slight imbalances) anyway. With respect to this vibration or vibrations, the corresponding vibration characteristic value is then determined.
  • the invention further leads to a device for detecting impurities in turbine components of a turbine, wherein at least one sensor unit is provided for determining at least one current vibration characteristic of at least one turbine component.
  • FIG. 3 shows a device according to the invention for detecting impurities in turbine components of a turbine.
  • a device 1 according to the invention for the detection of impurities in turbine components of a turbine 3 is shown.
  • the turbine 3 is preferably a gas turbine whose turbine blades are driven by hot gas.
  • the turbine 3 is coupled to a generator 5.
  • a sensor unit 7 For detecting a vibration characteristic value of the turbine blades, a sensor unit 7 is provided. This sensor unit can be mounted on the outside of the turbine housing and record, for example, sound frequencies of a turbine blade row passing by the sensor unit 7.
  • the sensor unit 7 can be arranged in the interior of the turbine housing and record, for example on an inductive basis, measured values of passing turbine blades.
  • the sensor unit 7 is designed to be highly integrated and, for example, applied in the manner of a film to at least one turbine blade. A readout of the measured values detected thereby can be done touch-free and / or wirelessly.
  • the arithmetic unit 9 comprises a memory 11, in which a vibration reference value is stored, which corresponds to a turbine blade, which is not contaminated, so has no deposits.
  • the vibration characteristic value or the vibration reference value may include a natural frequency and / or an oscillation frequency and / or a vibration amplitude and / or a damping characteristic value and / or a vibration decay behavior of the turbine component.
  • the turbine component is one or more turbine blades.
  • the determination of the vibration characteristic value takes place during the operation of the turbine 3 or alternatively or in combination during a turbine standstill.
  • the arithmetic unit 9 can be realized, for example, by means of a digital computer in which an evaluation program is used, which compensates for the vibration characteristic value (s) relating to the turbine blade in accordance with an evaluation algorithm with the stored vibration reference value (s).
  • a maintenance instruction 13 can be generated, for example based on methods of artificial intelligence.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour détecter des impuretés sur des composants d'une turbine. Ce procédé consiste à déterminer au moins une valeur caractéristique d'oscillation courante d'au moins un composant de turbine pendant le fonctionnement de la turbine, puis à la comparer de préférence à une valeur de référence d'oscillation, ce qui permet d'identifier des impuretés puisque ces dernières modifient la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation du composant de turbine en raison de leur masse.

Claims (18)

  1. Procédé de détection d'impuretés sur des éléments d'une turbine (3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on détermine au moins une valeur caractéristique d'oscillation instantanée d'au moins un élément de turbine.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on détermine la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation pendant le fonctionnement de la turbine (3).
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on détermine la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation pendant un arrêt de la turbine.
  4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendication 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on compare la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation à une valeur d'oscillation de référence.
  5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de turbine est une aube de turbine.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on détermine au moins une valeur caractéristique d'oscillation commune pour un certain nombre d'éléments de turbine fonctionnant de manière comparable.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le nombre d'éléments de turbine fonctionnant de manière comparable est une rangée d'aubes de turbine.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de turbine conduit du gaz chaud.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation comprend une fréquence propre et/ou une fréquence d'oscillation et/ou une amplitude d'oscillation et/ou une valeur caractéristique d'amortissement et/ou une propriété d'évanouissement de l'oscillation de l'élément de turbine.
  10. Dispositif (1) de détection d'impuretés sur des éléments d'une turbine (3),
    caractérisé par
    au moins une unité (7) de capteur pour la détermination d'au moins une valeur caractéristique d'oscillation instantanée d'au moins un élément de turbine.
  11. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation est déterminée pendant le fonctionnement de la turbine (3).
  12. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation est déterminée pendant un arrêt de la turbine.
  13. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 10 à 12,
    caractérisé
    par une unité (9) de calcul au moyen de laquelle on peut comparer la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation à une valeur d'oscillation de référence mise en mémoire.
  14. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 10 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de turbine est une aube de turbine.
  15. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendication 10 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que
    on peut déterminer au moyen de l'unité de capteur au moins une valeur caractéristique d'oscillation commune à un certain nombre d'éléments de turbine fonctionnant de manière comparable.
  16. Dispositif (1) suivant la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le nombre d'éléments de turbine fonctionnant de manière comparable est une rangée d'aubes de turbine.
  17. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 10 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de turbine conduit du gaz chaud.
  18. Dispositif (1) suivant l'une des revendications 10 à 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la valeur caractéristique d'oscillation comprend une fréquence propre et/ou une fréquence d'oscillation et/ou une amplitude d'oscillation et/ou une valeur caractéristique d'amortissement et/ou une propriété d'évanouissement de l'oscillation de l'élément de turbine.
EP05716854A 2004-03-03 2005-03-01 Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine Not-in-force EP1725743B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05716854A EP1725743B1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2005-03-01 Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04004981A EP1574674A1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2004-03-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la détection d'impuretés sur des composants de turbine
EP05716854A EP1725743B1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2005-03-01 Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine
PCT/EP2005/050881 WO2005085602A1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2005-03-01 Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1725743A1 EP1725743A1 (fr) 2006-11-29
EP1725743B1 true EP1725743B1 (fr) 2007-05-30

Family

ID=34814246

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04004981A Withdrawn EP1574674A1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2004-03-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la détection d'impuretés sur des composants de turbine
EP05716854A Not-in-force EP1725743B1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2005-03-01 Procede et dispositif pour detecter des impuretes sur des composants d'une turbine

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04004981A Withdrawn EP1574674A1 (fr) 2004-03-03 2004-03-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la détection d'impuretés sur des composants de turbine

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20070194773A1 (fr)
EP (2) EP1574674A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4474459B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100404797C (fr)
DE (1) DE502005000794D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2284155T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005085602A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8685176B2 (en) * 2006-10-16 2014-04-01 Ecoservices, Llc System and method for optimized gas turbine compressor cleaning and performance measurement
JP5448597B2 (ja) * 2009-06-19 2014-03-19 三菱重工業株式会社 ガスタービン及びこの運転方法
FR2956159B1 (fr) * 2010-02-08 2012-02-10 Snecma Methode de detection automatisee de l'ingestion d'au moins un corps etranger par un moteur a turbine a gaz
CN108916017B (zh) * 2018-06-01 2019-08-23 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种船用透平货油泵故障诊断系统

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DE2657525C3 (de) * 1976-12-18 1981-02-12 Teldix Gmbh, 6900 Heidelberg Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des abgezogenen Fadens eines OE-Spinnrotors
US4339719A (en) * 1980-07-30 1982-07-13 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Conductivity sensor for monitoring corrodents being deposited in a steam turbine
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US6668655B2 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-12-30 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Acoustic monitoring of foreign objects in combustion turbines during operation
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1926309A (zh) 2007-03-07
DE502005000794D1 (de) 2007-07-12
EP1725743A1 (fr) 2006-11-29
JP4474459B2 (ja) 2010-06-02
US20070194773A1 (en) 2007-08-23
WO2005085602A1 (fr) 2005-09-15
CN100404797C (zh) 2008-07-23
EP1574674A1 (fr) 2005-09-14
ES2284155T3 (es) 2007-11-01
JP2007526421A (ja) 2007-09-13

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