EP1721714B1 - Composite wooden beam - Google Patents

Composite wooden beam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1721714B1
EP1721714B1 EP06450064A EP06450064A EP1721714B1 EP 1721714 B1 EP1721714 B1 EP 1721714B1 EP 06450064 A EP06450064 A EP 06450064A EP 06450064 A EP06450064 A EP 06450064A EP 1721714 B1 EP1721714 B1 EP 1721714B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solid wood
wood beam
long
timber
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP06450064A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1721714A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Peter Leitinger
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schickhofer
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Holzindustrie Leitinger GmbH
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Holzindustrie Leitinger GmbH
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Priority to AT06450064T priority Critical patent/ATE403529T1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/14—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with substantially solid, i.e. unapertured, web
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
    • B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solid wood beam binder of glued together long woods, which are formed by joining together long wood sections by finger jointing.
  • the logs are cut or formatted to the desired size and, if the blanks so cut blemishes, alias weak points, contain these defects or vulnerabilities are removed and the remaining Blank pieces glued by means of frontal finger joints to long wood.
  • glued laminated timber which is made up of several layers of longitudinally galvanized, glued together and offset wedge tine joints boards formed.
  • Beam plywood is made of two, three or more longitudinally glued together beams, which may also be composed of sections, which are connected by finger joints.
  • a particular problem is the processing of thick wood, which is understood to mean trees that are about 40 cm in diameter at chest height.
  • Such hardwood has the advantage of higher yield, when processed into structural timber.
  • the wood properties are very heterogeneous, i. the strong wood requires a higher selection effort.
  • a wet core or core cracks can cause problems. Strong branches also cause worse mechanical properties. For this reason, longwood made of hardwood is rarely cut in one piece from a trunk; usually it is necessary to cut out weak points and glue the sections, as mentioned above, by means of a finger joint to a long wood.
  • the invention has as its object to provide a method for improving the quality of solid wood beam binders in order to use such solid wood beam binder also for highly stressed construction parts efficiently.
  • the cross-sectional surcharges currently required due to the inhomogeneity of the wood should be able to be reduced. This is based on the invention of a prior art, as in the EP-A-1 080 857 (see, for example, Fig. 14) or in the post-published WO-A2005 / 040766 is described.
  • the invention has the special task of being able to use this hardwood with the required safety for constructions in which the hardwood takes over supporting functions, from the hardwood formed solid wood beam trusses are not formed after the manner of a glued laminated timber from individual longitudinally glued together wood layers.
  • a solid wood beam binder of the type described above in that it is formed from at least three long timbers with at least one standing and a horizontal adhesive joint, the long timbers in the arrangement in which they are cut from the trunk, in turn are assembled and glued to a solid wood beam binder and wherein the tensile and / or pressure zone of the solid wood beam binder is formed of sapwood.
  • the sapwood comes to rest on the bottom or top of the solid wood beam binder.
  • a particularly good wetting with adhesive and a good adhesion or bonding of the long timbers to each other to form a solid wood beam binder is guaranteed if the reaching together for bonding standing side surfaces of the long timbers are processed by gluing before bonding.
  • a solid wood beam binder it may be formed of two or more juxtaposed and two or more superposed and glued together long woods, the solid wood beam binder from longwoods of the same or different dimensions can be used.
  • a particular visual advantage for the wood architecture is given, especially since the standing side surfaces of a solid wood beam binder have a Fladenstrukrur and not, as in a glulam, only narrow glued together boards with the adhesive joints.
  • a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that it comprises at least one long wood having a height of over 100 mm, preferably up to about 300 mm, and a width of over 40 mm, preferably up to 100 mm.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the solid wood beam binder has at least one long wood with a height of over 140 mm, preferably up to 600 mm, and a width of over 40 mm.
  • a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that long timbers are used whose narrow side areas are formed by sapwood of a thick wood.
  • a solid wood beam binder is expediently characterized by the arrangement and bonding of at least one long timber at the bottom and / or top, which extends over the entire width of the solid wood beam binder extends and has a flat structure up or down.
  • a solid wood beam truss is characterized in that it is formed of three longwoods, consisting of two glued with a standing adhesive joint to a beam longwood and glued to this beam with horizontal adhesive joint screed, with a width of the beam.
  • a further preferred variant is characterized in that it is formed from at least two beams formed from each other by means of a standing adhesive joint sticks, wherein one of the beams is arranged on the underside of the solid wood beam binder and one of the beams at the top of the solid wood beam binder , and between these beams either a screed or two also with a sticking joint stuck together planks or other beams are provided.
  • a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that the provided on the underside of the solid wood beam binder long sticks at the bottom and preferably also at the top of the solid wood beam binder at the top of sapwood, whereby the higher strength values of the sapwood come into effect effectively ,
  • a method for producing a solid wood beam truss is characterized in that long sticks are glued together, the modulus was determined on logs, wet lumber and / or on dry lumber, where advantageously in the tensile zone, preferably also in the pressure zone, long timbers with an E-modulus above a certain limit, such as> 13,000 N / mm 2 , are used, and that optionally provided therebetween long timbers are selected from long timbers with a lower modulus of elasticity.
  • the modulus of elasticity is approximately determined before bonding by means of ultrasonic measurement or sound measurement or by bending test or tensile test.
  • hardwood in particular hardwood with a diameter at the end of the pile of at least 300 mm, processed by milling to a wood edge squared timber and then processed the squared timber preferably by band saws to longwoods, where appropriate for better utilization and reduction of waste wood sawing Long timbers is carried out approximately along or parallel to the pith of the square timber.
  • the bandsaws is advantageously carried out at about half the feed rate of the milling, whereby a high milling speed can be fully exploited with the provision of two downstream bandsaw lines.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 Show from solid wood solid wood beam binder according to the prior art in the oblique view.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a so-called "glue binder” made of laminated plywood.
  • the FIGS. 5 and 6 show solid wood beam binder according to the invention, the Fig. 7 illustrates a cutting plan for thick wood.
  • Fig. 1 to 3 relate to conventional beams 1, 2, 3.
  • Fig. 1 shows a duobalk 1, Fig. 2 a trio bar 2 and Fig. 3 a quattro beam 3.
  • These bars 1 to 3 formed from timbers L each have a standing adhesive joint 5, resulting in side surfaces 6 with a flat structure 7.
  • the width 8 of the long sticks L to be glued together is preferably 50, 60, 70, 80 or 100 mm, resulting in beam widths 9 for a duoboard between e.g. 100 and 200 mm or even wider.
  • the height 10 of the long lumber L is preferably between 160 and 300 mm.
  • the beam width 9 always extends over at least two widths 8 of the long timbers L; at Duobalk over two, at Triobalken according to Fig. 2 over three and at the quattro beam according to Fig. 3 over four longwoods L.
  • Fig. 4 is a conventional "glue beam” 11, which is formed from boards or slats 12 as glued laminated timber illustrates.
  • the height 13 of the individual boards is usually from 3 to a maximum of 4 cm.
  • the width 14 of the boards 12 is usually between 80 mm and 200 mm, possibly 240 mm.
  • glue binder is expensive to manufacture, and it is a large amount of glue or adhesive used. Its side view reveals all the glued joints and only a simple structure of the wood.
  • a solid wood beam binder 15 as he, for example, in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown used.
  • Fig. 5 shows a timber beam truss 15, also referred to as Trambinder, which is formed from long timbers L cut from hardwood, which are assembled into trio balkes 2.
  • Trambinder also referred to as Trambinder
  • the peculiarity of in the FIGS. 5 and 6 Trambinder shown can be seen in the fact that the long sticks L in the arrangement in which they were cut from the Starkholzstamm, again assembled into a Trambinder 15 and glued. This results in a so-called “natural annual ring layer", again in the tensile and pressure zone sapwood 17 is present.
  • a wedge-shaped core zone can be cut out of the log, the pitch angle of the core corresponding to half the cone angle of the tapered trunk.
  • a solid wood beam binder 15 according to Fig. 5 or 6 has the advantage that it is stress relieved, especially since the hardwood separated in the fresh state, dried and planed the long logs L thus formed, and then, so to speak, stress-free glued to the solid wood beam binder 15.
  • the width 16 of such a solid wood beam binder is preferably also between 100 and 200 mm, but may also be above it, for example when trio or quattro beams 2 or 3 are superimposed and glued together. Of course, it is possible, the number of superimposed and glued together beams 1, 2, 3 depending on Erfodernis, i. depending on the desired cross-section.
  • a particularly heavy-duty solid wood beam binder 15 results, especially since the tension and compression zone of the solid wood beam binder 15 is formed by sapwood 17 which, as mentioned above, has a particularly high Strength, in particular a particularly high tensile strength, has. Sapwood 17 has been proven to have a 20% higher load capacity than heartwood.
  • a solid wood beam binder 15 of this type also has a lateral flat structure 7.
  • a solid wood beam binder 15 - with or without a central parting line - this dimension is also referred to as Trambinder 15.
  • Solid wood beam binder 15 or Trambinder as described above, are particularly inexpensive to produce. It turns out, how Fig. 6 reveals only little wood loss and there are only a few steps necessary for its production.
  • a particularly good utilization of hardwood can then be achieved if the long timbers are cut according to the curvature of the trunk, so as the course of the medullary tube, or parallel thereto, which are then formed by cutting long pieces of wood by joining by means of finger joints Long wood can be used as straight as possible for the production of solid wood beam binders of great length.
  • the roundwood logs are processed with cutting units to wood edged square timbers, by milling, which optimally takes place with the Zopfende,
  • Band saws can then be used to cut long-handled lumber from square-edged squared timbers. Since the milling can be done with about twice as high feed rate as the bandsaws, it is advisable to rearrange two bandsaw systems of the milling machine for the production of forest-edged squared timbers.
  • solid wood beam binder 15 In order to be able to use solid wood beam binder 15 according to the invention for greater loads, it is advisable to determine the e-modules on the long timbers L, which can be done, for example, by ultrasound analysis, sound measurement or by means of a bending test or tensile test can be done.
  • such checked long timbers with an E-modulus above a certain limit, such as> 13,000 N / mm 2 , in the tension zone or pressure zone of a solid wood beam binder 15 are used.
  • the determination of the modulus of elasticity only needs to be approximated here and can be carried out in the fresh state of the wood or in the dry state of the wood.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Vollholz-Balkenbinder aus miteinander verklebten Langhölzern, die durch Aneinanderfügen von Langholzabschnitten mittels Keilzinkenverbindungen gebildet sind.The invention relates to a solid wood beam binder of glued together long woods, which are formed by joining together long wood sections by finger jointing.

Um aus Baumstämmen qualitativ hochwertiges Langholz, wie es z.B. als Bauholz Verwendung findet, zu fertigen und hierbei eine einigermaßen gleichmäßige Qualität sicherzustellen, werden die Baumstämme auf das gewünschte Maß geschnitten bzw. formatiert und, falls die so zugeschnittenen Rohlinge Fehlstellen, alias Schwachstellen, enthalten, werden diese Fehlstellen bzw. Schwachstellen entfernt und die verbleibenden Rohlingstücke mittels stirnseitiger Keilzinkenstöße zu Langholz verklebt. Auf diese Art und Weise wird Brettschichtholz, das aus mehreren Lagen von längsverzinkten, miteinander verklebten und versetzt Keilzinkenstöße aufweisenden Brettern gebildet ist, gefertigt. Balkenschichtholz wird aus zwei, drei oder mehreren miteinander längsverklebten Balken, die gegebenenfalls ebenfalls aus Teilstücken zusammengesetzt sind, die mittels Keilzinkenverbindungen verbunden sind, gefertigt.In order to make high-quality long logs from tree trunks, such as e.g. As lumber is used to manufacture and thereby ensure a reasonably uniform quality, the logs are cut or formatted to the desired size and, if the blanks so cut blemishes, alias weak points, contain these defects or vulnerabilities are removed and the remaining Blank pieces glued by means of frontal finger joints to long wood. In this way, glued laminated timber, which is made up of several layers of longitudinally galvanized, glued together and offset wedge tine joints boards formed. Beam plywood is made of two, three or more longitudinally glued together beams, which may also be composed of sections, which are connected by finger joints.

Ein besonderes Problem bildet die Verarbeitung von Starkholz, worunter Bäume verstanden werden, die in Brusthöhe über ca. 40 cm Durchmesser aufweisen. Solches Starkholz weist den Vorteil einer höheren Ausbeute auf, und zwar dann, wenn es zu Konstruktionsvollholz verarbeitet wird. Allerdings sind die Holzeigenschaften sehr heterogen, d.h. das Starkholz bedingt einen höheren Selektionsaufwand. Zudem können ein Nasskern oder Kernrisse Probleme verursachen. Starke Äste bewirken ebenfalls schlechtere mechanische Eigenschaften. Aus diesem Grund wird aus Starkholz gefertigtes Langholz nur selten einteilig aus einem Stamm geschnitten werden können; meist ist es notwendig, Schwachstellen herauszuschneiden und die Teilstücke, wie oben erwähnt, mittels einer Keilzinkenverbindung zu einem Langholz zu verkleben.A particular problem is the processing of thick wood, which is understood to mean trees that are about 40 cm in diameter at chest height. Such hardwood has the advantage of higher yield, when processed into structural timber. However, the wood properties are very heterogeneous, i. the strong wood requires a higher selection effort. In addition, a wet core or core cracks can cause problems. Strong branches also cause worse mechanical properties. For this reason, longwood made of hardwood is rarely cut in one piece from a trunk; usually it is necessary to cut out weak points and glue the sections, as mentioned above, by means of a finger joint to a long wood.

Zur Sicherung der Güte von in solchen Anlagen gefertigten Keilzinkenverbindungen werden Zerstörungsproben durchgeführt, wobei ein Bruch bei einer für eine solche Zerstörungsprobe vorgesehenen Biegeprobe nicht im Bereich der Keilzinkenverbindung auftreten darf.In order to ensure the quality of finger jointing made in such plants, destructive tests are carried out, whereby a break in a bending test intended for such a destructive test must not occur in the area of the finger jointing.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass trotz der automatisierten Fehlererkennungsmethoden und trotz nachfolgender eingehender visueller Besichtigung bei der Verwendung von solcherart hergestelltem Langholz unerwartet Brüche - z.B. verursacht durch Stauchbrüche z.B. bei Windbruch, Verleimungsfehler, Verzahnungsfehler, innere Risse, Faserabweichungen etc. - auftreten können, sodass es Bestrebungen gibt, Konstruktionsvollholz von Holzkonstruktionen, bei denen dem Holz eine tragende Funktion zukommt, auszuschließen. Dies ist insbesondere von Nachteil, als hierdurch eine kostengünstige Verwertung als Kantholz aus Starkholz nicht mehr gegeben wäre, d.h. das Starkholz müsste ebenfalls zu mehrlagigem Brettschichtholz oder Balkenschichtholz verarbeitet werden, bei denen verdeckte bzw. nicht aufgefundene Fehlstellen bzw. Schwachstellen in einzelnen Teilstücken in Folge der mehrlagigen Verleimung weniger ins Gewicht fallen.It has been shown that despite the automated error detection methods and despite subsequent detailed visual inspection when using such produced long timber unexpected fractures - eg caused by crush fractures such as windbreak, gluing errors, gear errors, internal cracks, fiber deviations, etc. - so that there is an effort to exclude structural timber from wood structures in which the wood plays a supporting role. This is particularly disadvantageous as this would no longer be a cost effective utilization as squared timber from thick wood, ie the hardwood would also have to be processed into multilayer glulam or beam laminated wood, in which hidden or not found defects or weak points in individual sections in consequence of multilayer bonding less significant.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zur Qualitätsanhebung von Vollholz-Balkenbindem zu schaffen, um solche Vollholz-Balkenbinder auch für höherbeanspruchte Konstruktionsteile effizient einsetzen zu können. Insbesondere sollen die derzeit aufgrund der Inhomogenität des Holzes erforderlichen Querschnittszuschläge herabgesetzt werden können. Hierbei wird erfindungsgemäß von einem Stand der Technik ausgegangen, wie er in der EP-A-1 080 857 (siehe beispielsweise Fig. 14) oder in der nachveröffentlichten WO-A2005/040766 beschrieben ist.The invention has as its object to provide a method for improving the quality of solid wood beam binders in order to use such solid wood beam binder also for highly stressed construction parts efficiently. In particular, the cross-sectional surcharges currently required due to the inhomogeneity of the wood should be able to be reduced. This is based on the invention of a prior art, as in the EP-A-1 080 857 (see, for example, Fig. 14) or in the post-published WO-A2005 / 040766 is described.

Da in den Wäldern Starkholz überwiegt und der Anteil an Starkholz noch im Steigen begriffen ist, stellt sich die Erfindung die spezielle Aufgabe, gerade dieses Starkholz mit der erforderlichen Sicherheit für Konstruktionen einsetzen zu können, in denen das Starkholz tragende Funktionen übernimmt, wobei aus dem Starkholz gebildete Vollholz-Balkenbinder nicht nach der Art eines Brettschichtholzes aus einzelnen miteinander längsverleimten Holzschichten gebildet sind.As strong wood predominates in the forests and the proportion of hardwood is still rising, the invention has the special task of being able to use this hardwood with the required safety for constructions in which the hardwood takes over supporting functions, from the hardwood formed solid wood beam trusses are not formed after the manner of a glued laminated timber from individual longitudinally glued together wood layers.

Es ist eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung, mit dem für Holzkonstruktionen dienenden Langholz Vollholz-Balkenbinder herzustellen, die auch sehr große Querschnitte aufweisen und hierbei voll eine tragende Funktion übernehmen können, und zwar möglichst gleichwertig einem Leimbinder aus Brettschichtholz, und vorzugsweise sogar höher belastbar sind als diese. Gegenüber einem Brettschichtholz sollen die Herstell-Arbeitsschritte minimiert und auch der Leimverbrauch vermindert sein.It is a further object of the invention to produce with the timber used for timber constructions solid wood beam binder, which also have very large cross-sections and this can fully assume a supporting function, and as equal to a glue beam made of glulam, and preferably even higher load than these. Compared to a glued laminated timber manufacturing steps should be minimized and also the glue consumption be reduced.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Vollholz-Balkenbinder der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, dass er aus mindestens drei Langhölzern mit mindestens einer stehenden und einer liegenden Klebefuge gebildet ist, wobei die Langhölzer in der Anordnung, in der sie aus dem Stamm geschnitten werden, wiederum zu einem Vollholz-Balkenbinder zusammengesetzt und verklebt sind und wobei die Zug- und/oder Druckzone des Vollholz-Balkenbinders von Splintholz gebildet ist. Hierdurch weist der Vollholz-Balkenbinder eine "Naturjahresringlage" auf. Hierbei kommt der Splintholzanteil an der Unter- bzw. Oberseite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders zu liegen.This object is achieved in a solid wood beam binder of the type described above in that it is formed from at least three long timbers with at least one standing and a horizontal adhesive joint, the long timbers in the arrangement in which they are cut from the trunk, in turn are assembled and glued to a solid wood beam binder and wherein the tensile and / or pressure zone of the solid wood beam binder is formed of sapwood. As a result, the solid wood beam binder on a "natural annual ring" on. Here, the sapwood comes to rest on the bottom or top of the solid wood beam binder.

Eine besonders gute Benetzung mit Klebstoff und eine gute Haftung bzw. Verklebung der Langhölzer miteinander zur Bildung eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders ist dann gewährleistet, wenn die miteinander zur Verklebung gelangenden stehenden Seitenflächen der Langhölzer vor dem Verkleben durch Fräsen bearbeitet werden.A particularly good wetting with adhesive and a good adhesion or bonding of the long timbers to each other to form a solid wood beam binder is guaranteed if the reaching together for bonding standing side surfaces of the long timbers are processed by gluing before bonding.

Je nach geforderter Belastbarkeit eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders kann er aus zwei oder mehreren nebeneinander und zwei oder mehreren übereinander angeordneten und miteinander verklebten Langhölzern gebildet sein, wobei der Vollholz-Balkenbinder aus Langhölzern gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Dimension zum Einsatz kommen kann.Depending on the required resilience of a solid wood beam binder, it may be formed of two or more juxtaposed and two or more superposed and glued together long woods, the solid wood beam binder from longwoods of the same or different dimensions can be used.

Erfindungsgemäß ist ein besonderer optischer Vorteil für die Holzarchitektur gegeben, zumal die stehenden Seitenflächen eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders eine Fladenstrukrur aufweisen und nicht, wie bei einem Brettschichtholz, nur schmale miteinander verklebte Bretter mit den Klebefugen erkennen lassen.According to the invention, a particular visual advantage for the wood architecture is given, especially since the standing side surfaces of a solid wood beam binder have a Fladenstrukrur and not, as in a glulam, only narrow glued together boards with the adhesive joints.

Vorzugsweise ist ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er mindestens ein Langholz mit einer Höhe von über 100 mm, vorzugsweise bis ca. 300 mm, und einer Breite von über 40 mm, vorzugsweise bis 100 mm, aufweist.Preferably, a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that it comprises at least one long wood having a height of over 100 mm, preferably up to about 300 mm, and a width of over 40 mm, preferably up to 100 mm.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vollholz-Balkenbinder mindestens ein Langholz mit einer Höhe von über 140 mm, vorzugsweise bis 600 mm, und einer Breite von über 40 mm aufweist.A further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the solid wood beam binder has at least one long wood with a height of over 140 mm, preferably up to 600 mm, and a width of over 40 mm.

Um besonders hohe Festigkeitszonen des Splintbereichs eines Stammes im hochbelasteten Bereich eines Trägers einsetzen zu können, ist nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Langhölzer eingesetzt sind, deren Schmalseitenbereiche von Splintholz eines Starkholzes gebildet sind.In order to be able to use particularly high strength zones of the splint area of a trunk in the heavily loaded area of a beam, according to a preferred embodiment, a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that long timbers are used whose narrow side areas are formed by sapwood of a thick wood.

Um auch an der Unter- bzw. Oberseite eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders eine Fladenstruktur sicherzustellen, ist zweckmäßig ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder gekennzeichnet durch die Anordnung und Verklebung mindestens eines Langholzes an der Unterseite und/oder Oberseite, das sich über die gesamte Breite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders erstreckt und nach unten bzw. oben eine Fladenstruktur aufweist.In order to ensure a flat structure also on the lower or upper side of a solid wood beam binder, a solid wood beam binder is expediently characterized by the arrangement and bonding of at least one long timber at the bottom and / or top, which extends over the entire width of the solid wood beam binder extends and has a flat structure up or down.

Zweckmäßig ist ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er aus drei Langhölzern gebildet ist, und zwar aus zwei mit einer stehenden Klebefuge zu einem Balken verklebten Langhölzern und einer mit diesem Balken mit liegender Klebefuge verklebten Bohle, mit einer Breite des Balkens.Suitably, a solid wood beam truss is characterized in that it is formed of three longwoods, consisting of two glued with a standing adhesive joint to a beam longwood and glued to this beam with horizontal adhesive joint screed, with a width of the beam.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Variante ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er aus mindestens zwei aus miteinander mittels einer stehenden Klebefuge verklebten Langhölzern gebildeten Balken gebildet ist, wobei einer der Balken an der Unterseite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders und einer der Balken an der Oberseite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders angeordnet ist, und wobei zwischen diesen Balken entweder eine Bohle oder zwei ebenfalls mit stehender Klebefuge miteinander verklebte Bohlen oder weitere Balken vorgesehen sind.A further preferred variant is characterized in that it is formed from at least two beams formed from each other by means of a standing adhesive joint sticks, wherein one of the beams is arranged on the underside of the solid wood beam binder and one of the beams at the top of the solid wood beam binder , and between these beams either a screed or two also with a sticking joint stuck together planks or other beams are provided.

Vorzugsweise ist ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an der Unterseite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders vorgesehenen Langhölzer an der Unterseite und vorzugsweise auch die an der Oberseite des Vollholz-Balkenbinders an der Oberseite Splintholz aufweisen, wodurch die höheren Festigkeitswerte des Splintholzes wirkungsvoll zum Tragen kommen.Preferably, a solid wood beam binder is characterized in that the provided on the underside of the solid wood beam binder long sticks at the bottom and preferably also at the top of the solid wood beam binder at the top of sapwood, whereby the higher strength values of the sapwood come into effect effectively ,

Um einen Vollholz-Balkenbinder für höhere Belastungen einsetzen zu können, ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Langhölzer miteinander verklebt werden, deren E-Modul am Rundholz, am nassen Schnittholz und/oder am trockenen Schnittholz bestimmt wurde, wobei vorteilhaft in der Zugzone, vorzugsweise auch in der Druckzone, Langhölzer mit einem E-Modul über einem bestimmten Grenzwert, wie > 13.000 N/mm2, eingesetzt werden, und dass gegebenenfalls dazwischen vorgesehene Langhölzer aus Langhölzern mit einem geringeren E-Modul ausgewählt werden.In order to use a solid wood beam truss for higher loads, a method for producing a solid wood beam truss is characterized in that long sticks are glued together, the modulus was determined on logs, wet lumber and / or on dry lumber, where advantageously in the tensile zone, preferably also in the pressure zone, long timbers with an E-modulus above a certain limit, such as> 13,000 N / mm 2 , are used, and that optionally provided therebetween long timbers are selected from long timbers with a lower modulus of elasticity.

Zweckmäßig wird der E-Modul vor dem Verkleben mittels Ultraschallmessung oder Schallmessung oder mittels Biegeprüfung oder Zugprüfung näherungsweise bestimmt.Suitably, the modulus of elasticity is approximately determined before bonding by means of ultrasonic measurement or sound measurement or by bending test or tensile test.

Zur effizienten Verarbeitung von Starkholz wird Starkholz, insbesondere Starkholz mit einem Durchmesser am Zopfende von mindestens 300 mm, mittels Fräsen zu einem waldkantigen Kantholz verarbeitet und das Kantholz anschließend vorzugsweise durch Bandsägen zu Langhölzern verarbeitet, wobei zweckmäßig zur besseren Ausnutzung und Verringerung von Abfallholz das Sägen zu Langhölzern in etwa entlang bzw. parallel zur Markröhre des Kantholzes durchgeführt wird.For efficient processing of hardwood, hardwood, in particular hardwood with a diameter at the end of the pile of at least 300 mm, processed by milling to a wood edge squared timber and then processed the squared timber preferably by band saws to longwoods, where appropriate for better utilization and reduction of waste wood sawing Long timbers is carried out approximately along or parallel to the pith of the square timber.

Hierbei wird vorteilhaft das Bandsägen mit etwa der Hälfte der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Fräsens durchgeführt, wodurch eine hohe Fräsgeschwindigkeit bei Vorsehen von zwei nachgeschalteten Bandsägelinien voll ausgenützt werden kann.In this case, the bandsaws is advantageously carried out at about half the feed rate of the milling, whereby a high milling speed can be fully exploited with the provision of two downstream bandsaw lines.

Die Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert, wobei die Fig. 1 bis 3 aus Langhölzern gebildete Vollholz-Balkenbinder gemäß dem Stand der Technik im Schrägriss zeigen. Fig. 4 veranschaulicht einen sogenannten "Leimbinder" aus Brenschichtholz. Die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen erfindungsgemäße Vollholz-Balkenbinder, die Fig. 7 veranschaulicht einen Schnittplan für Starkholz.The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, wherein the Fig. 1 to 3 Show from solid wood solid wood beam binder according to the prior art in the oblique view. Fig. 4 illustrates a so-called "glue binder" made of laminated plywood. The FIGS. 5 and 6 show solid wood beam binder according to the invention, the Fig. 7 illustrates a cutting plan for thick wood.

Die Fig. 1 bis 3 betreffen herkömmliche Balken 1, 2, 3. Fig. 1 zeigt einen Duobalken 1, Fig. 2 einen Triobalken 2 und Fig. 3 einen Quattrobalken 3.The Fig. 1 to 3 relate to conventional beams 1, 2, 3. Fig. 1 shows a duobalk 1, Fig. 2 a trio bar 2 and Fig. 3 a quattro beam 3.

Diese aus Langhölzern L gebildeten Balken 1 bis 3 weisen jeweils eine stehende Klebefuge 5 auf, wodurch sich Seitenflächen 6 mit einer Fladenstruktur 7 ergeben. Die Breite 8 der miteinander zu verklebenden Langhölzer L beträgt vorzugsweise 50, 60, 70, 80 oder 100 mm, wodurch sich Balkenbreiten 9 für einen Duobalken zwischen z.B. 100 und 200 mm oder noch breiter ergeben. Die Höhe 10 der Langhölzer L liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 160 und 300 mm.These bars 1 to 3 formed from timbers L each have a standing adhesive joint 5, resulting in side surfaces 6 with a flat structure 7. The width 8 of the long sticks L to be glued together is preferably 50, 60, 70, 80 or 100 mm, resulting in beam widths 9 for a duoboard between e.g. 100 and 200 mm or even wider. The height 10 of the long lumber L is preferably between 160 and 300 mm.

Besonders hoch belastbare Klebefugen 5 ergeben sich, wenn die miteinander zur Verklebung gelangenden stehenden Seitenflächen der Langhölzer L vor dem Verkleben durch Fräsen bearbeitet werden. Hierdurch ist nämlich eine sehr gute Benetzung der Klebeflächen mit Klebstoff sichergestellt, wodurch zudem Klebstoffeinsparungen möglich sind.Particularly high-adhesion adhesive joints 5 are obtained when the adhesive together reaching for bonding standing side surfaces of the long logs L are processed before bonding by milling. As a result, a very good wetting of the adhesive surfaces is ensured with adhesive, which also adhesive savings are possible.

Die Balkenbreite 9 erstreckt sich erfindungsgemäß stets über mindestens zwei Breiten 8 der Langhölzer L; beim Duobalken über zwei, beim Triobalken gemäß Fig. 2 über drei und beim Quattrobalken gemäß Fig. 3 über vier Langhölzer L.According to the invention, the beam width 9 always extends over at least two widths 8 of the long timbers L; at Duobalk over two, at Triobalken according to Fig. 2 over three and at the quattro beam according to Fig. 3 over four longwoods L.

In Fig. 4 ist ein herkömmlicher "Leimbinder" 11, der aus Brettern bzw. Lamellen 12 als Brettschichtholz gebildet ist, veranschaulicht. Die Höhe 13 der einzelnen Bretter liegt üblicherweise bei 3 bis maximal 4 cm. Die Breite 14 der Bretter 12 liegt üblicherweise zwischen 80 mm und 200 mm, eventuell 240 mm. Ein solcher "Leimbinder" 11 ist aufwendig in der Herstellung, und es wird eine große Menge an Leim bzw. Kleber eingesetzt. Seine Seitenansicht lässt sämtliche Klebefugen und vom Holz nur eine schlichte Struktur erkennen.In Fig. 4 is a conventional "glue beam" 11, which is formed from boards or slats 12 as glued laminated timber illustrates. The height 13 of the individual boards is usually from 3 to a maximum of 4 cm. The width 14 of the boards 12 is usually between 80 mm and 200 mm, possibly 240 mm. Such a "glue binder" 11 is expensive to manufacture, and it is a large amount of glue or adhesive used. Its side view reveals all the glued joints and only a simple structure of the wood.

Anstelle eines solchen "Leimbinders" kann erfindungsgemäß ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15, wie er beispielsweise in Fig. 5 und Fig. 6 dargestellt ist, eingesetzt werden.Instead of such a "Leimbinders" can according to the invention a solid wood beam binder 15, as he, for example, in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is shown used.

Fig. 5 zeigt einen auch als Trambinder bezeichneten Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15, der aus Langhölzern L, die aus Starkholz geschnitten sind, die zu Triobalken 2 zusammengesetzt sind, gebildet ist. Die Besonderheit der in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Trambinder ist darin zu sehen, dass die Langhölzer L in der Anordnung, in der sie aus dem Starkholzstamm geschnitten wurden, wiederum zu einem Trambinder 15 zusammengesetzt und verklebt sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine sogenannte "Naturjahresringlage", wobei in der Zug- und Druckzone wiederum Splintholz 17 vorhanden ist. Fig. 5 shows a timber beam truss 15, also referred to as Trambinder, which is formed from long timbers L cut from hardwood, which are assembled into trio balkes 2. The peculiarity of in the FIGS. 5 and 6 Trambinder shown can be seen in the fact that the long sticks L in the arrangement in which they were cut from the Starkholzstamm, again assembled into a Trambinder 15 and glued. This results in a so-called "natural annual ring layer", again in the tensile and pressure zone sapwood 17 is present.

Um die Splintholzzone über die Länge des Vollholz-Balkenbinders bzw. Trambinders 15 in etwa konstant zu halten, kann aus dem Stamm eine keilförmige Kernzone herausgeschnitten werden, wobei der Steigungswinkel des Kerns dem halben Kegelwinkel des sich verjüngenden Stammes entspricht.In order to keep the sapwood zone approximately constant over the length of the solid timber girder or trambinder 15, a wedge-shaped core zone can be cut out of the log, the pitch angle of the core corresponding to half the cone angle of the tapered trunk.

Ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 gemäß den Fig. 5 bzw. 6 hat den Vorteil, dass er spannungsbefreit ist, zumal das Starkholz im frischen Zustand aufgetrennt, die so gebildeten Langhölzer L getrocknet und gehobelt, und dann sozusagen spannungsbefreit zu dem Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 verklebt werden.A solid wood beam binder 15 according to Fig. 5 or 6 has the advantage that it is stress relieved, especially since the hardwood separated in the fresh state, dried and planed the long logs L thus formed, and then, so to speak, stress-free glued to the solid wood beam binder 15.

Die Breite 16 eines solchen Vollholz-Balkenbinders liegt vorzugsweise gleichfalls zwischen 100 und 200 mm, kann jedoch auch darüber liegen, beispielsweise wenn Trio- oder Quattrobalken 2 oder 3 übereinandergelegt und miteinander verklebt werden. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, die Anzahl übereinander angeordneter und miteinander verklebter Balken 1, 2, 3 je nach Erfodernis, d.h. je nach gewünschtem Querschnitt, festzulegen.The width 16 of such a solid wood beam binder is preferably also between 100 and 200 mm, but may also be above it, for example when trio or quattro beams 2 or 3 are superimposed and glued together. Of course, it is possible, the number of superimposed and glued together beams 1, 2, 3 depending on Erfodernis, i. depending on the desired cross-section.

Der Vorteil eines solchen Vollholz-Balkenbinders 15 gegenüber einem aus Brettern 12 gebildeten Leimbinder 11 bzw. Brettschichtholz liegt nicht nur in der Optik - bei Seitenansicht ist eine schöne Fladenstruktur 7 zu erkennen -, sondern auch in der Belastbarkeit. Ein wesentliches Kriterium ist auch, dass er aus Starkholz gebildet sein kann.The advantage of such a solid timber beam binder 15 against a laminated beams 11 formed from boards 12 or glued laminated timber is not only in the appearance - in side view is a beautiful flat structure 7 can be seen - but also in the load capacity. An essential criterion is that it can be made of thick wood.

Um die besondere Festigkeit von Splintholz 17 für Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 vorteilhaft ausnützen zu können, wird Starkholz 18 mit Durchmessern von über 300 mm gemäß dem in Fig. 7 dargestellten Schnittplan zerteilt. Hierdurch lassen sich z.B. Langhölzer L in der Höhe 10 - je nach Starkholzdurchmesser - von etwa 140 bis 600 mm herstellen, deren Schmalseitenbereiche 19 aus dem Außenbereich, d.h. dem Bereich des Splintholzes 17 eines Starkholzes 18, geschnitten sind.In order to take advantage of the special strength of sapwood 17 for solid wood beam binder 15, hardwood 18 with diameters of over 300 mm according to the in Fig. 7 sectioned plan shown. As a result, for example, long logs L in height 10 - depending on the diameter of the hardwood - from about 140 to 600 mm, whose Narrow side regions 19 from the outside, ie the area of the sapwood 17 of a hardwood 18, are cut.

Verklebt man beispielsweise vier solche Langhölzer L zu einem Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15, ergibt sich ein besonders hochbelastbarer Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15, zumal die Zug- und Druckzone des Vollholz-Balkenbinders 15 von Splintholz 17 gebildet ist, das, wie oben erwähnt, eine besonders hohe Festigkeit, insbesondere eine besonders hohe Zugfestigkeit, aufweist. Splintholz 17 weist nachweislich eine um 20% höhere Belastbarkeit auf als Kernholz.If, for example, four such long sticks L are glued to a solid wood beam binder 15, a particularly heavy-duty solid wood beam binder 15 results, especially since the tension and compression zone of the solid wood beam binder 15 is formed by sapwood 17 which, as mentioned above, has a particularly high Strength, in particular a particularly high tensile strength, has. Sapwood 17 has been proven to have a 20% higher load capacity than heartwood.

Ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 dieser Art weist ebenfalls eine seitliche Fladenstruktur 7 auf. Ein Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 - mit oder ohne Mitteltrennfuge - dieser Dimension ist auch als Trambinder 15 bezeichnet.A solid wood beam binder 15 of this type also has a lateral flat structure 7. A solid wood beam binder 15 - with or without a central parting line - this dimension is also referred to as Trambinder 15.

Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 bzw. Trambinder, wie oben beschrieben, sind besonders preisgünstig herstellbar. Es ergibt sich, wie Fig. 6 erkennen lässt, nur wenig Holzverlust und es sind auch nur wenige Arbeitsschritte zu dessen Herstellung notwendig.Solid wood beam binder 15 or Trambinder, as described above, are particularly inexpensive to produce. It turns out, how Fig. 6 reveals only little wood loss and there are only a few steps necessary for its production.

Eine besonders gute Ausnützung von Starkholz lässt sich dann erzielen, wenn die Langhölzer entsprechend der Krümmung des Stammes, also etwa dem Verlauf der Markröhre folgend, bzw. parallel dazu, aufgeschnitten werden, wobei dann durch Querteilen Langholzabschnitte gebildet werden, die durch Aneinanderfügen mittels Keilzinkenverbindungen zu Langhölzern im möglichst geraden Zustand für die Herstellung von Vollholz-Balkenbindern großer Länge einsetzbar sind.A particularly good utilization of hardwood can then be achieved if the long timbers are cut according to the curvature of the trunk, so as the course of the medullary tube, or parallel thereto, which are then formed by cutting long pieces of wood by joining by means of finger joints Long wood can be used as straight as possible for the production of solid wood beam binders of great length.

Vorzugsweise werden die Rundholzstämme mit Zerspanaggregaten zu waldkantigen Kanthölzern verarbeitet, und zwar durch Fräsen, was optimal mit dem Zopfende voraus erfolgt,Preferably, the roundwood logs are processed with cutting units to wood edged square timbers, by milling, which optimally takes place with the Zopfende,

Mit Trennbandsägen können anschließend aus den waldkantigen Kanthölzern Langhölzer L geschnitten werden. Da das Fräsen mit etwa doppelt so hoher Vorschubgeschwindigkeit erfolgen kann wie das Bandsägen, empfiehlt es sich, zwei Bandsägeanlagen der Fräsanlage zur Herstellung der waldkantigen Kanthölzer nachzuordnen.Band saws can then be used to cut long-handled lumber from square-edged squared timbers. Since the milling can be done with about twice as high feed rate as the bandsaws, it is advisable to rearrange two bandsaw systems of the milling machine for the production of forest-edged squared timbers.

Um erfindungsgemäße Vollholz-Balkenbinder 15 für größere Belastungen einsetzen zu können, empfiehlt es sich, an den Langhölzern L deren E-Module festzustellen, was beispielsweise durch Ultraschallinessung, Schallmessung oder mittels einer Biegeprüfung oder Zugprüfung erfolgen kann. Vorteilhaft werden solcherart geprüfte Langhölzer mit einem E-Modul über einem bestimmten Grenzwert, wie beispielsweise > 13.000 N/mm2, in der Zugzone bzw. Druckzone eines Vollholz-Balkenbinders 15 Verwendung finden. Die Bestimmung des E-Moduls braucht hier nur näherungsweise erfolgen und kann im frischen Zustand des Holzes oder im trockenen Zustand des Holzes durchgeführt werden.In order to be able to use solid wood beam binder 15 according to the invention for greater loads, it is advisable to determine the e-modules on the long timbers L, which can be done, for example, by ultrasound analysis, sound measurement or by means of a bending test or tensile test can be done. Advantageously, such checked long timbers with an E-modulus above a certain limit, such as> 13,000 N / mm 2 , in the tension zone or pressure zone of a solid wood beam binder 15 are used. The determination of the modulus of elasticity only needs to be approximated here and can be carried out in the fresh state of the wood or in the dry state of the wood.

Claims (18)

  1. A solid wood beam binder (15) made of long timbers (L) glued to each other which are formed by joining long timber sections using dovetail joints, wherein it is formed from at least three long timbers (L) having at least one vertical and one horizontal glue joint (5), wherein the long timbers (L) in the arrangement in which they are cut from the trunk are again assembled and glued together to form a solid wood beam binder (15) and wherein the tension and/or pressure zone of the solid wood beam binder is formed from sapwood (17).
  2. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to claim 1, characterized in that the side faces of the long timbers (L) which form the glue joint (5) are processed by milling.
  3. A solid wood beam binder (15), characterized in that it is formed from two or several long timbers (L) arranged next to each other and two or several long timbers (L) arranged on top of each other, the long timbers being glued together.
  4. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vertical side faces (6) exhibit a speckled texture (7).
  5. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one long timber (L) having a height (10) of more than 100 mm, preferably of up to about 300 mm, and a width (8) of more than 40 mm, preferably of up to 100 mm.
  6. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises at least one long timber (L) having a height (10) of more than 140 mm, preferably of up to 600 mm, and a width (28) of more than 40 mm.
  7. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that long timbers (L) are used the narrow edge regions (19) of which are formed from the sapwood (17) of a strong timber (18).
  8. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the arrangement and gluing of at least one long timber (L) at the bottom side and/or top side, which long timber extends across the entire width (9) of the solid wood beam binder (15) and also exhibits a speckled texture (7) towards the bottom or the top, respectively.
  9. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is formed from three long timbers (L), namely from two long timbers (L) glued together by a vertical glue joint (5) to form a beam (1) and a board (B) glued to said beam (1) by a horizontal glue joint (5), having a width of the beam (1).
  10. A solid wood beam binder (15) formed according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is formed from at least two beams (1) formed from long timbers (L) glued together by a vertical glue joint (5), with one of the beams (1, 2, 3) being arranged at the bottom side of the solid wood beam binder (15) and one of the beams (1, 2, 3) being arranged at the top side of the solid wood beam binder (15) and with either one board (B) or two boards (B) likewise glued together by a vertical glue joint (5) or further beams (1, 2, 3) being provided between those beams.
  11. A solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the long timbers (L) provided at the bottom side of the solid wood beam binder (15) exhibit sapwood (17) at the bottom side and preferably also those at the top side of the solid wood beam binder (15) exhibit sapwood (17) at the top side.
  12. A process for manufacturing a solid wood beam binder (15) according to any of claims I to 11, characterized in that long timbers (L) are glued together the elastic modulus of which has been determined from the round timber, from the wet sawn timber and/or from the dry sawn timber.
  13. A process according to claim 12, characterized in that, in the tension zone, preferably also in the pressure zone, long timbers (L) having an elastic modulus above a particular limiting value, such as > 13,000 N/mm2, are used and that long timbers (L) optionally provided therebetween are selected from long timbers (L) having a lower elastic modulus.
  14. A process according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, prior to gluing, the elastic modulus is approximately determined by ultrasonic measurement or sonic measurement or by bending test or tensile test.
  15. A process according to any of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that strong timber, in particular strong timber having a diameter of at least 300 mm at the top end of the trunk, is processed into a waney squared timber by milling and that the squared timber is subsequently processed into long timbers (L), preferably by band sawing.
  16. A process according to claim 15, characterized in that the sawing into long timbers (L) is performed approximately along or, respectively, parallel to the pith of the squared timber.
  17. A process according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the band sawing is performed with about half the feed rate of milling.
  18. The use of a solid wood beam binder according to any of claims 1 to 11 as a wall or - in a horizontal arrangement - as a ceiling element.
EP06450064A 2005-05-02 2006-05-02 Composite wooden beam Not-in-force EP1721714B1 (en)

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AT10624U1 (en) * 2008-02-04 2009-07-15 Holzindustrie Leitinger Ges M ALL WOOD BAR BINDER
EP2090413B1 (en) 2008-02-14 2011-12-28 Ed. Geistlich Söhne AG für Chemische Industrie Glued laminated beam
DE102009006971B4 (en) * 2009-01-30 2011-01-20 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Method for producing a BSH plate carrier
AT11958U1 (en) * 2010-09-07 2011-08-15 Hans-Peter Ing Leitinger PROCESS FOR PROCESSING RAW ROUNDWOOD AND WEDGE-LINKED WOOD COMPOSITE PRODUCTS
EP2574436A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-03 Ludwik Olczyk Method for manufacturing a multilayer blockboard from solid coniferous wood lamella for an increased hardness and abrassion resistance

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US3580760A (en) * 1969-05-29 1971-05-25 Us Agriculture Process of making laminated wood product utilizing modulus of elasticity measurement
US5896723A (en) * 1995-06-21 1999-04-27 Sing; Peter Laminated wood structural units
DE19728259A1 (en) * 1997-06-25 1999-01-07 Fries Petra Method of producing rectangular wooden beam with central hole
DE19936312A1 (en) * 1999-08-02 2001-04-19 Hofer C O Bidac Gmbh Srl Bernh Method of optimally cutting natural raw material bodies, such as tree trunks, into useful parts, requires using three-dimensional procedure for calculating the optimum division of the natural material body
EP1080857A2 (en) * 1999-09-02 2001-03-07 Ensio Kuisma Laminated timber element and a sawing method for timber
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