EP1712336A1 - Machine à fendre des pièces en bois - Google Patents

Machine à fendre des pièces en bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1712336A1
EP1712336A1 EP06396009A EP06396009A EP1712336A1 EP 1712336 A1 EP1712336 A1 EP 1712336A1 EP 06396009 A EP06396009 A EP 06396009A EP 06396009 A EP06396009 A EP 06396009A EP 1712336 A1 EP1712336 A1 EP 1712336A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splitting
actuator
actuators
machine
pressurized medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06396009A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1712336B1 (fr
Inventor
Juha Autio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maaselan Kone Oy
Original Assignee
Maaselan Kone Oy
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34508170&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1712336(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Maaselan Kone Oy filed Critical Maaselan Kone Oy
Priority to SI200630336T priority Critical patent/SI1712336T1/sl
Priority to PL06396009T priority patent/PL1712336T3/pl
Publication of EP1712336A1 publication Critical patent/EP1712336A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1712336B1 publication Critical patent/EP1712336B1/fr
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00—Arrangements for splitting wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a splitting machine for wood pieces according to the appended claim 1.
  • splitting machine solutions For the splitting of wood pieces, particularly firewood, machine solutions have been developed which are characterized by thrusting the wood piece to be split by mechanical power against a splitting blade in such a way that the log is split. Alternatively, the splitting blade can be pushed by mechanical power into the wood piece which is supported at one end on a stop. Such machines are also called firewood processors.
  • the splitting machine normally also comprises a saw device for cutting longer logs to lengths suitable for splitting and for feeding them into a splitting unit in a suitable way, in the simplest way so that the sawn piece falls between the splitting blade and the stop in the splitting unit.
  • a splitting machine with the sawing function may be called a sawing firewood processor.
  • splitting machines are mentioned in the documents EP 1 118438 , US 3,640,323 , US 3,282,651 , US 4,269,242 , US 4,412,579 , US 4,615,366 , and US 5,921,299 . Some of the machines disclosed in the above-mentioned publications only have the splitting function, wherein the logs cut to fixed lengths are fed into them manually.
  • a problem with the splitting machines of prior art is that the size of the wood pieces to be split, particularly the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the splitting direction (the diameter), may vary.
  • the diameter of the pieces to be split may vary significantly (for example, from 10 to 50 cm).
  • the splitting machine must be dimensioned according to the largest size so that even large pieces of wood can be chopped.
  • the splitting cylinders producing the force to push the wood piece against the blade must be dimensioned so that a sufficient thrust force of even more than 20 tons can be obtained by a moderate hydraulic pressure (for example, about 200 bar).
  • a moderate hydraulic pressure for example, about 200 bar.
  • the splitting speed will not limit the capacity the machine, because more time is also taken to cut the logs with a larger diameter.
  • the oil output of the hydraulics must be dimensioned so that the splitting movement (the stroke of the splitting cylinder) would be sufficiently fast so that the splitting step would not become a bottleneck, because smaller logs can be cut faster at the preceding stage.
  • An increase in the speed of the cylinder dimensioned for large logs will cause a significant increase in the need of hydraulic fluid output.
  • An alternative to this is either to replace the cylinder of the machine when starting to split smaller logs, which takes time, or to acquire two different machines, which is often not reasonable, unless there is sufficiently wood of proper dimensions to be processed by both machines. Furthermore, the use of two machines will cause the trouble of having to sort out the logs for each machine separately.
  • Swiss patent CH 617384 discloses a hydraulic wood splitting machine in which two hydraulic cylinders are coupled to the same splitting wedge which is pushed into a log supported to a stop plate. By this machine, pieces of wood can be split by two different forces and speeds, by using either one cylinder or both cylinders.
  • the supply of hydraulic fluid to the cylinders is controlled by one directional valve with four different positions: a zero position with a free circulation of the hydraulic fluid, a first position, in which the hydraulic fluid is led to the first cylinder, a second position in which it is led to both cylinders simultaneously, and a third position in which the return movement of the cylinders is effected by the hydraulic fluid led to the other side of the piston in the first cylinder.
  • the movable splitting wedge represents the first version of mechanical wood splitting methods, which is based on the idea of using mechanical power where a manual axe has been used in the past.
  • a manual axe In the Swiss patent, such a "hydraulic axe" is placed in the horizontal position instead of the vertical position.
  • the machines based on the movable splitting wedge have the problem that the parts of the split log remain in the range of movement of the wedge; that is, the parts must be removed therefrom by special arrangements. Thus, it is not possible to use fixed structures, such as troughs, to secure the wood in a correct position with respect to the wedge.
  • the invention relates to an improvement in particularly such splitting machines in which a piece of wood is pushed by a splitting head against a blade that has, at least in the splitting situation, a fixed position, and during the splitting, when the blade penetrates into the wood, the finished split parts are removed in the pushing direction away from the location where the piece of wood was originally positioned for the splitting. Thanks to this basic principle, such machines have a good capacity, which is, however, limited by variation in the size of the logs.
  • the splitting machine comprises two actuators (cylinders) coupled in parallel and connected kinetically to the same splitting head that acts on the piece of wood.
  • the pressure of the pressurized medium (the pressure of the hydraulic fluid) can be coupled selectively to said actuators.
  • the pressurized medium system is implemented so that the actuators can be driven in three combinations.
  • the invention is based on the idea that by selecting the actuators, it is always possible to use the actuator or the combination of actuators which is dimensioned most suitably for the size of the log to be processed at the time.
  • the actuators are dimensioned to have different capacities, it is possible to use even three different speeds, based on the fact that with the same amount of pressurized medium, the change in the length of the actuators, i . e . the stroke length, is different, and the same volume flow will produce different speeds correspondingly, when the single actuators are compared with each other.
  • the actuators when combined, the actuators constitute, in a way, one large actuator whose capacity is the sum of the capacities of the actuators. It is thus possible to use the smaller actuator, the larger actuator, or both actuators simultaneously, to implement three different splitting functions.
  • selector valves are used, whereas the working and return movements of the actuator/actuators are controlled by a directional control valve.
  • the selector valves are specific to the actuator, and they are used to select the pressurized state of the actuator or the unloading circuit of the pressurized medium and thus particularly the filling of the expanding chamber.
  • the other actuator moves with the movement of the driven actuator, due to a mechanical coupling.
  • the flow of the pressurized medium to this actuator as well is secured via a particular filling line connected to a source of pressurized medium.
  • the return flow of the pressurized medium from the actuator to be driven takes place normally via a return line separate from this filling line.
  • the figure shows schematically the parts of the splitting machine belonging to the invention, that is, the actuators producing the splitting movement and the pressurized medium system coupled to them.
  • the splitting machine may be, for example, a splitting machine equipped with a cutting function; in other words, in this case it also comprises a cross-cutting saw for separating the wood pieces to be split from longer logs and for feeding them to the splitting.
  • the splitting machine comprises a splitting space 7, into which the cut wood pieces (one wood piece K shown schematically by broken lines) are fed automatically or manually.
  • the splitting space 7 is preferably a structure that automatically positions the log correctly, for example a splitting trough or the like.
  • the splitting space 7 supports the wood piece and positions it correctly between the splitting head 3, in the rear position, and the splitting blade 8, which is in a fixed position at least in the splitting situation.
  • the splitting head 3 is a pusher that, with its surface substantially perpendicular to the movement of the splitting head, pushes the wood piece K in its longitudinal direction towards the splitting blade 8, which splits the log.
  • the splitting blade 8 may be a straight blade or a blade with a cross form (shown in the figures), depending on the number of parts into which the wood piece K is to be split.
  • the splitting blade 8 may be movable for correct alignment of the splitting line, but the aim is that the blade remains in its position in the splitting situation.
  • the split parts are moved to the front of the splitting blade 8, from where they can be removed continuously by a conveyor or at intervals manually. After the splitting blade 3 has returned to the rear position, a new wood piece K can be fed into the splitting space 7.
  • the splitting machine comprises two actuators 1, 2, to which the splitting head 3 or pusher is fixed.
  • the splitting head is coupled kinetically in parallel with both of the actuators 1, 2; in other words, both actuators can produce the movement of the splitting head 3.
  • the actuators 1, 2 are hydraulic cylinders, both provided with a piston moving by the pressure of the liquid pressurized medium led into the cylinder.
  • the splitting head 3 is connected to the piston rod of each cylinder.
  • the liquid pressurized medium may be, for example, hydraulic oil.
  • the pressurized medium system of the splitting machine comprises a pump P driven by a motor and arranged to pump pressurized medium from a reservoir or tank 9 to the actuators via a pressure line L1.
  • a return line L2 is provided for returning the pressurized medium that has performed work from the actuators to the tank 9.
  • the lines L1, L2 are connected to a pair of lines L3, L4 via a directional control valve 4 for selecting the direction of movement of the actuators (two positions) or the so-called free circulation of the pump (one position).
  • the directional control valve is a typical 4/3 directional control valve. Both lines of the pair L3, L4 branch into both the first actuators 1 and the second actuator 2 via selector valves 5, 6.
  • the hydraulic system further comprises a filling line L5 which is connected to the tank 9 and branches in four lines to the actuators 1, 2, two lines at a time to one selector valve, wherein they can be coupled via the selector valve to the lines leading to the chambers on different sides of the piston of the actuator.
  • the function of the actuators 1, 2 is controlled so that the first selector valve 6 is used to control the state of the first actuator 1 and the second selector valve 5 is used to control the state of the second actuator 2.
  • the directional control valve 4 between the pump P and the selector valves 5, 6 is used, in turn, to control the working movement (pushing motion) and the return movement of the splitting head 3.
  • the directional valve 4 is in a so-called neutral position in which the pressurized medium is in free circulation between the lines L1 and L2.
  • the pressurized medium system comprises a normal pressure relief valve 10 and a filter 11 in the return line L2.
  • the selector valves 5, 6 are 6/2 valves; in other words, a total of six pressurized medium lines are connected to each valve, and each valve has two positions.
  • the line L4 is connected to the pressure line L1
  • the selector valve 6 connects the line L4 to the working chamber of the first actuator 1, to which the pressure of the pressurized medium is thus coupled, producing a force by means of the working surface of the piston of the actuator.
  • pressurized medium from the chamber on the opposite side of the working surface of the piston is passed via the selector valve 6 to the line L3 connected by the directional control valve 4 to the return line L2.
  • the selector valve 5 in turn, is in a position in which the filling line L5 communicates with the lines connected to the working chamber of the second actuator 2 and to the chamber on the opposite side of its piston.
  • the piston of the second actuator 2 moves along with this movement, and pressurized medium is passed along the filling line L5 from the tank 9 to the working chamber of this actuator 2 which does not perform work; in other words, the actuator 2 remains filled with the pressurized medium although it is not supplied there by the pump P.
  • pressurized medium exits from the opposite side of the actuator 2 via the same selector valve 5. Because the working area of the piston on the side of the working chamber in the actuator 2 is larger than the area of the piston on the opposite side, the net flow along the filling line L5 is from the tank 9 to the working chamber of the actuator 2.
  • the tank 9 is placed higher than the actuators 1, 2 in the direction of gravity.
  • the filling line L5 can fill the expanding space of the actuator 1 or 2 with the pressurized medium without problems even by the effect of hydrostatic pressure.
  • the flow of the pressurized medium simultaneously to the expanding spaces of both actuators also takes place without problems, thanks to the system.
  • Figure 2 shows a situation which is analogous to the situation in Fig. 1.
  • the selector valve 5 of the second actuator 2 is in a position in which it connects the pressurized line L4 and the line L3 connected to the tank to the chambers on the different sides of the piston of the actuator.
  • the selector valve 6 of the first actuator is in the "filling position", connecting the filling line L5 to the different sides of the piston of the first actuator 1.
  • the directional control valve 4 is in the position according to the block on the left hand side.
  • Figure 3 shows a situation in which the pressure is connected simultaneously to the working chambers of both actuators 1, 2 by the corresponding positions of the selector valves; that is, the selector valve 6 of the first actuator 1 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, and the selector valve 5 of the second actuator 2 is in the position shown in Fig. 2.
  • the pressurized medium is passed normally via the line L3 to the return line L2, and the filling line L5 is not in use as the selector valves 5, 6 block off its connections to the actuators 1, 2 in this position.
  • Figs. 1 to 3 it is also obvious how the return movement of the actuators 1, 2 is accomplished.
  • the directional valve 4 is in the position according to the block on the right hand side.
  • the return movement is preferably accomplished by one actuator, for the sake of speed; in other words, the selector valves 5, 6 are thus in the position shown either in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2, preferably in the position shown in Fig. 1, because the highest returning speed is obtained with the first actuator 1.
  • the valve system enables a free selection of different alternatives.
  • Figure 1 corresponds to the highest speed (the capacity of the first actuator 1, or the working area of the piston is the smallest);
  • Fig. 2 corresponds to a slightly lower speed (the capacity of the second actuator 2, or the working area of the piston is larger), and
  • Fig. 3 corresponds to the lowest speed (the capacity being the sum of the capacities of the actuators 1, 2).
  • the wood pieces K in the splitting space 7 are also shown in a size corresponding to the situation.
  • the directional control valve 4 is automatically controlled by the function of a cutting means, e.g. a saw, so that the splitting head 3 starts the working movement when a new wood piece K is in the cutting space 7.
  • the directional control valve moves automatically to a position corresponding to the return movement after the splitting head has moved a certain distance, which can be detected e.g. by suitable sensors.
  • the operator of the machine operates the selector valves 5, 6 manually, always according to the log size, which is determined visually.
  • the invention is not limited to the above control arrangements, but a variety of automation arrangements can be utilized in the machine without deviating from the basic idea of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
EP06396009A 2005-04-14 2006-04-18 Machine à fendre des pièces en bois Revoked EP1712336B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200630336T SI1712336T1 (sl) 2005-04-14 2006-04-18 Cepilni stroj za lesene kose
PL06396009T PL1712336T3 (pl) 2005-04-14 2006-04-18 Urządzenie do rozłupywania kawałków drewna

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20055170A FI20055170L (fi) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Puukappaleiden halkaisukone

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1712336A1 true EP1712336A1 (fr) 2006-10-18
EP1712336B1 EP1712336B1 (fr) 2009-04-01

Family

ID=34508170

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06396009A Revoked EP1712336B1 (fr) 2005-04-14 2006-04-18 Machine à fendre des pièces en bois

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1712336B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE427197T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE602006005975D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2325220T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI20055170L (fr)
NO (1) NO332447B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL1712336T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI1712336T1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2932113A1 (fr) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-11 Rabaud Sa Installation combinee de sciage et de fendage de billes de bois
EP2407287A1 (fr) 2010-07-13 2012-01-18 Maaselän Kone Oy Transporteur pour un dispositif à fendre le bois
EP2264322A3 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2013-10-23 Hytar Oy Système à fluide pressurisé et composant pour fluide pressurisé ainsi que fendeuse hydraulique
EP3056327A1 (fr) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-17 Laitilan Rautarakenne Oy Processeur de bois de chauffage
US10391668B2 (en) 2015-02-10 2019-08-27 Laitilan Rautarakenne Oy Firewood processors

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824896A (en) 1971-11-24 1974-07-23 Hoerner Waldorf Corp Hydraulic compression circuits
CH617384A5 (en) * 1976-06-16 1980-05-30 Fredy Mueller Hydraulic wood-splitting machine
SU1151454A1 (ru) * 1983-07-15 1985-04-23 Карельский научно-исследовательский институт лесной промышленности Станок дл разделки пней
WO2004022293A1 (fr) * 2002-09-06 2004-03-18 Starfort Di Stubenruss, Paul Machine a fendre le bois

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3824896A (en) 1971-11-24 1974-07-23 Hoerner Waldorf Corp Hydraulic compression circuits
CH617384A5 (en) * 1976-06-16 1980-05-30 Fredy Mueller Hydraulic wood-splitting machine
SU1151454A1 (ru) * 1983-07-15 1985-04-23 Карельский научно-исследовательский институт лесной промышленности Станок дл разделки пней
WO2004022293A1 (fr) * 2002-09-06 2004-03-18 Starfort Di Stubenruss, Paul Machine a fendre le bois

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Derwent World Patents Index; Class P28, AN 1975-F7645W, XP002266180 *
DATABASE WPI Section PQ Derwent World Patents Index; Class P28, AN 1985-274615, XP002388927 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2932113A1 (fr) * 2008-06-10 2009-12-11 Rabaud Sa Installation combinee de sciage et de fendage de billes de bois
EP2264322A3 (fr) * 2009-06-11 2013-10-23 Hytar Oy Système à fluide pressurisé et composant pour fluide pressurisé ainsi que fendeuse hydraulique
EP2407287A1 (fr) 2010-07-13 2012-01-18 Maaselän Kone Oy Transporteur pour un dispositif à fendre le bois
EP3056327A1 (fr) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-17 Laitilan Rautarakenne Oy Processeur de bois de chauffage
US10391668B2 (en) 2015-02-10 2019-08-27 Laitilan Rautarakenne Oy Firewood processors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO332447B1 (no) 2012-09-17
DE602006005975D1 (de) 2009-05-14
PL1712336T3 (pl) 2009-11-30
EP1712336B1 (fr) 2009-04-01
FI20055170L (fi) 2006-10-15
ATE427197T1 (de) 2009-04-15
NO20061706L (no) 2006-10-16
FI20055170A0 (fi) 2005-04-14
SI1712336T1 (sl) 2009-10-31
ES2325220T3 (es) 2009-08-28

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