EP1711985B1 - Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1711985B1
EP1711985B1 EP05707879A EP05707879A EP1711985B1 EP 1711985 B1 EP1711985 B1 EP 1711985B1 EP 05707879 A EP05707879 A EP 05707879A EP 05707879 A EP05707879 A EP 05707879A EP 1711985 B1 EP1711985 B1 EP 1711985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brush
brush holder
guide region
commutator
holder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05707879A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1711985A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg SKRIPPEK
Rainer Schach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Publication of EP1711985A1 publication Critical patent/EP1711985A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1711985B1 publication Critical patent/EP1711985B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/40—Brush holders enabling brush movement within holder during current collection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49009—Dynamoelectric machine
    • Y10T29/49011—Commutator or slip ring assembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brush holder for a power transmission unit of a dynamo-electric machine having a commutator, in particular for an electric motor, wherein the brush holder, which is in particular made of metal, has guide regions for guiding a brush which can be displaced for longitudinal extension, which is designed in particular as a multilayer carbon brush. and there is a gap between the guide portions and the brush across the length of the brush.
  • the invention relates to a brush for the brush holder, a power transmission unit for a dynamo-electric machine with the brush holder and / or the brush or a dynamo-electric machine with such Stromübemagungsaku and a method for producing the brush holder.
  • the power transmission unit is a so-called sliding contact system, which ensures an electrical connection between a power supply or external connections of the dynamo-electric machine and windings of a rotor.
  • a sliding contact system which ensures an electrical connection between a power supply or external connections of the dynamo-electric machine and windings of a rotor.
  • an arrangement with spatially fixed brushes which usually consist of coal and are in sliding contact with a rotatable commutator provided.
  • the commutator consists of individual electrically conductive blades, which are connected to the windings of the rotor. On the slats, the brush slides along to make an electrical contact between the slats and brush.
  • a brush is slidably guided in a spatially fixed brush holder, which is also referred to as a brush guide or brush sleeve.
  • the brush is loaded in the direction of the commutator, ie in a radial direction, with a spring.
  • a substantially constant pressure force of the brush is ensured on the commutator.
  • the brush is tracked by the spring force within the brush holder to compensate for wear of the brush.
  • multi-layer carbon brushes are used in the known Stromübemagungsakuen.
  • Such multilayer carbon brushes have high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layers between individual carbon layers for reducing so-called cross-currents or short-circuit currents within the brush.
  • Such cross-currents can occur when a brush is in contact with two adjacent fins of the commutator or when a brush or individual brush layers come into contact with an electrically conductive brush holder such that a current can form across the brush.
  • Electrically conductive brush quivers which are usually made of metal, are frequently used in dynamo-electric machines because of their low-cost production.
  • such brush holder In order to avoid contact between the brush and the brush holder, whereby a cross-flow can form in the brush, such brush holder have a relatively large lateral clearance between the brush and the brush holder.
  • a carbon brush of an AC universal motor of a washing machine in its transverse extent is usually 0.04 to 0.05 mm narrower than the inner guide region of the carbon brush holder assigned in this transverse extension.
  • the relatively large clearance between the carbon brush and the carbon brush case is therefore 0.02 to 0.025 mm on both sides in such a case.
  • a disadvantage of the great game is that during operation of the dynamo-electric machine produces a noise. As soon as the brush strikes a lamellar edge, the brush strikes against the inner walls of the quiver. In this case, the brush strikes twice per blade.
  • a known solution to avoid noise provides, in addition to edit the lamellar commutator, for example, by so-called pimples or fine grinding.
  • pimples or fine grinding When reworking the commutator again dust particles that need to be removed consuming, so that these dust particles in turn can not cause a brush terminals.
  • a brush quiver which is particularly suitable for guiding multilayer carbon brushes and has a distance transversely to the carbon brush to be guided, is known from US Pat DE 101 57 604 A1 or the US-A-3983432 known.
  • the brush quiver is made of tinned sheet steel and covered with an insulating layer.
  • the insulation layer applied in the brush quiver serves to avoid a short-circuit current or cross-current between individual layers of a multilayer carbon brush.
  • a paint such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin or polystyrene is applied to the steel plate of the carbon brush holder. When using such Insulation between the carbon brush holder and the multilayer carbon brush, the clearance between the brush holder and the carbon brush can be tightly tolerated.
  • a disadvantage of the small game is that the brush dust that enters the gap, can accumulate in the space, causing the brush jammed in the brush holder or the layers of the brush are shorted by unburned brush dust. Moreover, such an insulating layer can not be stressed as much thermally and mechanically as a pure metal guide.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of designing a carbon brush holder and / or a carbon brush or a resulting power transmission unit for a dynamo-electric machine such that a brush of the power transmission unit does not cause any noise and / or no cross currents can form in the brush , Furthermore, a method for producing a corresponding brush holder is to be provided.
  • the power transmission unit should be such that no cross currents are caused in the brush by the brush dust generated during operation or the brush can not jam in the brush holder, and on the other hand, the power transmission unit or its components are inexpensive and easy to produce.
  • this object is achieved by the features of claim 1 of a brush holder, the independent claim 10 a carbon brush, the independent claim 12 of a power transmission unit and the independent claim 13 of a dynamo-electric machine.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are represented by the features of the subclaims.
  • the brush holder of a dynamo-electric machine with a commutator
  • the brush holder has guide regions for guiding a brush displaceable to the longitudinal extension and there is a gap between the guide regions of the brush holder and the brush transversely to the longitudinal extension of the brush. in such a way that in a front of the commutator facing the guide area, the distance in at least one transverse to the brush longitudinal extent is less than in a rear facing away from the commutator guide area.
  • the play between the brush and the brush holder in the area which faces the commutator can be limited so far that the brush is guided in this area almost free of play.
  • a beating of the brush on the brush holder during normal operation of the power transmission unit is prevented when the game is limited in an orientation that is tangent to the commutator.
  • a specified according to DIN 43008 game for a power transmission unit can be maintained and even below.
  • An education of noise by hitting the brush can thus be effectively prevented.
  • experiments have shown that in such an embodiment, a large transverse play between the rear commutator facing away from the guide area and the carbon brush can be present without the brush strikes in operation on the quiver.
  • the great game in the rear guide area is advantageous because there is sufficient space for any resulting brush dust is available. A so-called jamming of the brush in the brush holder can be effectively excluded.
  • such a design of the brush holder allows easy mounting of the power transmission unit, since the brush during assembly of the power transmission unit can be easily inserted into the brush holder.
  • the brush holder in the front guide region has a decisive distance for guiding the brush or a clearance between the brush and the brush holder, which is lower in the front guide region of the brush holder by at least 0.005 mm than in the rear guide region.
  • a sufficiently large clearance is present in the rear guide region of the brush holder when the brush is guided virtually free of play in the front guide region.
  • at least a 0.005 mm larger clearance in the rear guide area sufficient to prevent jamming of the brush in the brush holder when operating in a dynamo-electric machine can be avoided.
  • a guide plane which is formed by the front and rear guide region of a first wall of the brush holder, is inclined to a guide plane which is formed by the front and rear guide region of a second wall, wherein the second wall opposite the first wall.
  • previous production facilities for brush quiver can continue to be used because, for example, the inventive slope of opposite wall portions of the brush holder can be produced by simply pressing in parallel wall sections or guide areas of conventional brush quiver. Therefore, the brush holder can be further manufactured in one piece.
  • At least one wall of the brush holder which guides the brush axially or parallel to the axis of rotation of the commutator, according to a further development of the invention in a front region of the brush holder at least one aperture and / or channel.
  • the opening in the front region of the brush holder is designed as a slot which is open at the commutator end.
  • the breakthrough of the brush holder is designed grid-shaped.
  • a very large opening area can be realized by a plurality of openings in the brush holder, without the stability of the brush holder is limited by such breakthroughs, since the remaining webs between the openings still have sufficient strength.
  • Such a design of the brush holder is used for rapid escape of brush dust.
  • the inwardly directed formations of the front guide region of the brush holder are designed in the form of at least one bead and / or one pimple.
  • Such embodiments can be particularly simple, for example by embossing produce.
  • It is also advantageous in this embodiment of the brush holder that in a closer environment outside the thus formed front guide region of the brush holder, a relatively large clearance or a distance between the brush and the brush holder is possible. Thus, brush dust particles that get between the brush and brush quiver, escape well again.
  • the brush holder in the front guide region on a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer is formed on a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer.
  • a layer extends over the entire guide region of a brush holder.
  • a brush quiver according to the embodiment of the invention can be made more cost-effective than the previously known brush quiver, since only the front guide portion of the brush holder has an electrically non-conductive layer.
  • the invention also relates to a brush which serves for use in the brush holder according to the invention.
  • the advantageous embodiment of the brush is characterized in that regions of the brush, which may touch the front guide region of the brush holder during a proper use for operating a dynamo-electric machine, have a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer. By such a layer, the formation of transverse currents in the brush can be prevented. Since only portions of the brush must have the electrically non-conductive layer, insulation material can be saved compared to full-surface coated brushes.
  • the electrically non-conductive layer of the brush consists of an insulating varnish.
  • Such a paint can be easily applied to the brush, whereby the brush is only slightly more expensive.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a power transmission unit and a commutator of a dynamo-electric machine with mutually inclined guide areas
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through a power transmission unit with brush-shaped formations of the brush bag to form a front guide area
  • FIG. 6 shows a side view of the current transmission unit with brush-shaped formations of the brush holder for forming a front guide region and a lateral view of the commutator
  • FIG. 7 shows a transverse section C'-C 'of a current transmission unit in a front guide region, wherein in the region of the front guide region the brush holder has an electrically non-conductive layer,
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are side views of power transmission units with a brush quiver with lateral openings and a section through the commutator
  • 11 is a transverse section of a power transmission unit with a brush quiver having a channel
  • FIG. 12 shows a section through a power transmission unit with a brush, which has electrically non-conductive layers at outer regions, and
  • FIG. 13 shows a transverse section D - D through the current transmission unit with a brush, which has electrically non-conductive layers at outer regions.
  • the description of the advantageous embodiments of the invention is made on Hand of an application in an AC universal motor, which serves to drive a rotatably mounted drum located in a laundry treatment device.
  • the invention is not limited to such a specific embodiment of a dynamo-electric machine and the use of the machine in the laundry treatment appliance. Rather, the invention extends to power transmission units or brush quivers and brushes which can be used in dynamo-electric machines with a mechanical commutator.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through a power transmission unit and by a commutator 7 of an unillustrated AC universal motor, which is hereinafter referred to as motor.
  • the power transmission unit consists of a connecting line 1, a multilayer carbon brush 11, which has two electrically conductive layers 5 and 8 and a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer 9 between these layers, a spring 2 and a stationary brush holder 3.
  • the connecting line 1 is provided with both Layers 5 and 8 of the multilayer carbon brush 11 connected by a common contact point.
  • the multi-layer carbon brush 11 is also referred to below as a brush 11.
  • the brush 11 is in its longitudinal extent, ie in the direction X, in the brush holder 3 displaced.
  • the brush By means of a force caused by the spring 2, the brush is pressed against the commutator 7 and against the sliders 6 located on the commutator 7.
  • the spring 2 causes the brush 11 is nachgeschoben along the direction X according to an operational wear of the brush 11.
  • the brush 11 slides at a rotation D of the commutator 7, which is fixedly connected to a rotor of the motor, via the fins 6, which are connected to individual windings of the rotor.
  • an electrical contact between the brush 11 and the fins 6 and the windings of the rotor is made.
  • the brush 11 is guided by two opposite inner walls of the brush holder 3, while there is a distance between the brush 11 and the inner walls of the brush holder 3 in each case lying transversely to the brush extension.
  • the inner walls or regions of the inner walls of the brush bag 3 represent so-called guide areas.
  • the walls 4 and 10 of the brush bag 3 are shaped so that the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the Wall portions 4a and 10a in a front guide portion of the brush holder 3 is less than the distance 12 between the brush 11 and the wall portions 4b and 10b in a rear guide portion, thereby form the wall sections 4a and 4b a guide plane 12 and the wall portions 10a and 10b, a management level 14.
  • the front guide portion of the brush holder 3 faces the commutator 7 and lies in a plane AA. Accordingly, the rear guide portion of the brush holder 3 facing away from the commutator 7 and lies in a plane BB.
  • a section in the plane AA through the brush holder 3 and through the brush 11 is shown in Fig. 2 and a section in the plane BB is shown in Fig. 3.
  • a reduction in the clearance between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in the direction Y tangent to the commutator 7 reduces the impact of the brush 11 on the brush holder 3, advantageously allowing the backlash in the front guide portion of the brush holder 3 to be reduced
  • the invention is not limited to such a special embodiment of the brush holder 3, wherein the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in the front guide region in a direction tangent to the commutator 7 (direction Y) is less than the distance 12 in the rear guide region is.
  • the distance between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 may also be smaller in the front guide portion in an axial direction (Z direction) transverse to the longitudinal extent of the brush 11 than in a rear guide portion.
  • the carbon brush 11 of a motor of a household washing machine has a width (direction Y) of 5 mm in the present embodiment. It has proved to be particularly favorable to design the brush holder 3 of such a carbon brush 11 in such a manner that the guide opening width of the brush holder 3 in the front guide region is 5.03 mm and is 0.02 mm smaller than in the rear guide region.
  • the distance 11 in the front guide area is thus 0.015 mm on both sides in a centrally located in the brush holder 3 brush 11 and the distance 12 in the rear guide area on both sides 0.025 mm.
  • the plane 12 formed by the front and rear guide portions of one wall of the brush bag 3 is inclined to the opposite plane 14 formed by the front and rear guide portions of the opposite wall of the brush bag 3.
  • the opposite walls 4 and 10 are made straight, thus the walls 4 and 10 are inclined to each other.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show lateral views of brush boxes 3 in two different advantageous embodiments, wherein a partial area of the commutator 7 is shown cut in the illustrations.
  • Fig. 10 shows a section through the brush holder 3 in a front or commutator side Area of the brush bag 3.
  • openings 17, 19 are provided in the commutator side area of the walls 21 and 22 of the brush bag 3.
  • the openings 17, 19 are preferably introduced in opposite walls, which guide the brush 11 laterally or axially and lie along the direction Y. Through these openings 17, 19 of the brush dust, which passes between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3, escape again. As a result, clamping of the brush 11 in the brush holder 3 is effectively prevented by brush dust.
  • the openings 17, 19 may be present in other walls of the brush holder 3.
  • the opening 19 of the brush holder 3 is slot-shaped, which is open at the commutator end.
  • further openings 17 are lattice-shaped in the front region of the brush holder 3, wherein between the openings 17 and / or the opening 19 webs 18 remain. Through these webs 18 of the brush holder 3 retains sufficient rigidity.
  • a brush holder 3 shown in Fig. 11, in the front or commutator side region of the brush holder 3 in opposite walls 21, 22 each have a channel 20 is formed.
  • Fig. 11 shows a section through the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in a plane which faces the commutator.
  • the channels 20 are preferably incorporated in walls which axially guide the brush 11 and lie along the direction Y. Incident brush dust can escape through such channels again from the space between brush 11 and brush quiver.
  • the brush holder 3 has protrusions 13, 15 directed towards the brush 11 in the commutator region, on opposite walls 4 'and 10' of the brush holder 3.
  • the inner surfaces of the formations 13, 15 represent front guide surfaces or guide areas for the brush 11.
  • the formations 13 form with the rear guide region of the wall 4 'of the brush holder 3, the guide plane 12 and the formations 15 form with the rear guide portion of the corresponding opposite wall 10', the guide plane 14th
  • opposite walls of the brush holder 3 may be substantially parallel, wherein the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the front guide portion of the brush holder 3 is less than the distance 12 between the brush 11 and through the protrusions 13, 15 the back guide I am the brush-holder 3
  • the brush holder 3 is made such that the protrusions 13 and 15 of the brush holder 3 are knob-like.
  • a Front guide region are also alternative embodiments of the formations of the brush holder 3, such as one or more beads, possible.
  • the brush holder 3 in the region of the front guide region has a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer 16, which faces the brush 11.
  • an insulating varnish is applied to the surface of the molds 13, 15 of the brush holder directed towards the brush 11.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show an embodiment of a power transmission unit with a brush quiver 3 according to the invention, which has a smaller distance to the brush 11 in the front guide area than in the rear guide area, and a brush 11, which is a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive Layer 23 or insulating layer 23 has.
  • This electrically non-conductive layer 23 is limited to the areas of the brush 11, which can touch the front guide region of the brush holder 3 during a proper use.
  • an insulating varnish which consists of phenolic resin, epoxy or Polystyrollack and which forms the insulating layer 23, applied to the areas of the brush 11, which can touch the brush holder 3 in a lying substantially tangential to the commutator Y direction.
  • the insulating layer 23 may also be applied to areas that may touch the front guide area in a different direction.
  • the insulating layer 23 may be of another type.
  • the above embodiments of the brush holder 3 and the brush 11 are used singly or in combination in a power transmission unit of an AC universal motor. However, such embodiments can also be used in other dynamo-electric machines, which have a mechanical commutator or a sliding contact system.
  • the brush quiver 3 is produced by punching a semifinished product out of a sheet metal blank, possible recesses, such as the perforations 17 and 19, being taken into account. Such a semi-finished product is bent into a brush quiver having substantially parallel walls. Two end portions of the semifinished product are firmly connected to each other by means of a so-called dovetail connection.
  • the brush quiver thus produced is deformed in the front region in such a way that the distance to a brush 11 to be guided is less than the distance in a rear guide region in at least one longitudinal extension transverse to the brush 11 in a front guide region of the brush holder 3.
  • the walls can also be deformed in such a way that a brush holder 3 shown in FIG. 1 results with mutually inclined walls.
  • a manufacturing step also to the brush 11 directed towards moldings, as shown for example in Fig. 4, are introduced into the brush holder.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

A brush bag, a brush and a current transfer unit for a dynamo-electric machine comprising a commutator, in particular for an electromotor. The current transfer unit comprises at least the brush, which is embodied, in particular, as a multi-layer carbon brush, and a brush bag. The brush bag is configured in such a manner that the distance between the brush and the brush bag in a front guiding area is smaller than the distance in a rear guiding area. Beating of the brush on the brush bag is visibly reduced due to the configuration thereof and noise caused by the beat is avoided.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bürstenköcher für eine Stromübertragungseinheit einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine mit einem Kommutator, insbesondere für einen Elektromotor, wobei der Bürstenköcher, der insbesondere aus Metall ausgeführt ist, Führungsbereiche zur Führung einer zur Längserstreckung verschiebbaren Bürste aufweist, die insbesondere als Mehrschichtkohlebürste ausgeführt ist, und zwischen den Führungsbereichen und der Bürste quer zur Längserstreckung der Bürste ein Abstand vorhanden ist. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung eine Bürste für den Bürstenköcher, eine Stromübertragungseinheit für eine dynamo-elektrische Maschine mit dem Bürstenköcher und/oder der Bürste bzw. eine dynamo-elektrische Maschine mit einer solchen Stromübemagungseinheit und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Bürstenköchers.The invention relates to a brush holder for a power transmission unit of a dynamo-electric machine having a commutator, in particular for an electric motor, wherein the brush holder, which is in particular made of metal, has guide regions for guiding a brush which can be displaced for longitudinal extension, which is designed in particular as a multilayer carbon brush. and there is a gap between the guide portions and the brush across the length of the brush. Moreover, the invention relates to a brush for the brush holder, a power transmission unit for a dynamo-electric machine with the brush holder and / or the brush or a dynamo-electric machine with such Stromübemagungseinheit and a method for producing the brush holder.

Die Stromübertragungseinheit stellt ein sogenanntes Gleitkontaktsystem dar, das eine elektrische Verbindung zwischen einer Stromversorgung bzw. Außenanschlüssen der dynamo-elektrischen Maschine und Wicklungen eines Läufers sicherstellt. Dazu ist in bekannten dynamo-elektrischen Maschinen, wie elektrische Motoren, eine Anordnung mit räumlich feststehenden Bürsten, die üblicherweise aus Kohle bestehen und in schleifendem Kontakt mit einem drehbaren Kommutator stehen, vorgesehen. Der Kommutator besteht aus einzelnen elektrisch leitenden Lamellen, die mit den Wicklungen des Läufers verbunden sind. Auf den Lamellen gleitet die Bürste zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontaktes zwischen den Lamellen und Bürste entlang.The power transmission unit is a so-called sliding contact system, which ensures an electrical connection between a power supply or external connections of the dynamo-electric machine and windings of a rotor. For this purpose, in known dynamo-electric machines, such as electric motors, an arrangement with spatially fixed brushes, which usually consist of coal and are in sliding contact with a rotatable commutator provided. The commutator consists of individual electrically conductive blades, which are connected to the windings of the rotor. On the slats, the brush slides along to make an electrical contact between the slats and brush.

Es sind unterschiedliche Bauformen von Stromübertragungseinheiten bekannt. Eine dieser Bauformen sieht vor, dass in einem räumlich feststehenden Bürstenköcher, der auch als Bürstenführung oder Bürstenhülse bezeichnet wird, eine Bürste gleitend geführt wird. Die Bürste ist in Richtung auf den Kommutator hin, also in einer radialen Richtung, mit einer Feder belastet. Dadurch wird eine im wesentlichen gleichbleibende Andrückkraft der Bürste auf den Kommutator sichergestellt. Ebenso wird die Bürste mittels der Federkraft innerhalb des Bürstenköchers nachgeführt, um einen Verschleiß der Bürste auszugleichen.There are different types of power transmission units known. One of these designs provides that in a spatially fixed brush holder, which is also referred to as a brush guide or brush sleeve, a brush is slidably guided. The brush is loaded in the direction of the commutator, ie in a radial direction, with a spring. As a result, a substantially constant pressure force of the brush is ensured on the commutator. Likewise, the brush is tracked by the spring force within the brush holder to compensate for wear of the brush.

Insbesondere bei Wechselstrom-Motoren, beispielsweise bei Wechselstrom-Universalmotoren, werden bei den bekannten Stromübemagungseinheiten sogenannte Mehrschichtkohlebürsten eingesetzt. Solche Mehrschichtkohlebürsten weisen zwischen einzelnen Kohleschichten hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nichtleitende Schichten zur Reduzierung sogenannter Querströme oder Kurzschlussströme innerhalb der Bürste auf. Solche Querströme können auftreten, wenn eine Bürste mit zwei benachbarten Lamellen des Kommutators in Kontakt ist oder wenn eine Bürste bzw. einzelne Bürstenschichten mit einem elektrisch leitenden Bürstenköcher derartig in Kontakt kommen, dass sich quer zur Bürste ein Strom ausbilden kann. Elektrisch leitende Bürstenköcher, die aus meist Metall sind, werden auf Grund ihrer preiswerten Herstellung häufig in dynamo-elektrischen Maschinen eingesetzt. Zur Vermeidung eines Kontaktes zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher, wobei sich ein Querstrom in der Bürste ausbilden kann, weisen solche Bürstenköcher ein relativ großes seitliches Spiel zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher auf. Beispielsweise ist eine Kohlebürste eines Wechselstrom-Universalmotors einer Waschmaschine in ihrer Quererstreckung üblicher Weise um 0,04 bis 0,05 mm schmaler als der in dieser Quererstreckung zugeordnete innere Führungsbereich des Kohlebürstenköchers. Bei einer mittig in dem Kohlebürstenköcher liegenden Kohlebürste beträgt somit in einem solchen Fall das relativ große Spiel zwischen Kohlebürste und Kohlebürstenköcher beidseitig 0,02 bis 0,025 mm.In particular, in AC motors, for example in AC universal motors, so-called multi-layer carbon brushes are used in the known Stromübemagungseinheiten. Such multilayer carbon brushes have high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layers between individual carbon layers for reducing so-called cross-currents or short-circuit currents within the brush. Such cross-currents can occur when a brush is in contact with two adjacent fins of the commutator or when a brush or individual brush layers come into contact with an electrically conductive brush holder such that a current can form across the brush. Electrically conductive brush quivers, which are usually made of metal, are frequently used in dynamo-electric machines because of their low-cost production. In order to avoid contact between the brush and the brush holder, whereby a cross-flow can form in the brush, such brush holder have a relatively large lateral clearance between the brush and the brush holder. For example, a carbon brush of an AC universal motor of a washing machine in its transverse extent is usually 0.04 to 0.05 mm narrower than the inner guide region of the carbon brush holder assigned in this transverse extension. In the case of a carbon brush lying centrally in the carbon brush holder, the relatively large clearance between the carbon brush and the carbon brush case is therefore 0.02 to 0.025 mm on both sides in such a case.

Während des bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatzes der Bürste verschließt die Bürste, in dem sie abgerieben wird. Der dabei entstehende Bürstenstaub gelangt zwischen die Bürste und den Bürstenköcher. Damit die Bürste nicht durch den Bürstenstaub im Bürstenköcher verklemmen kann oder durch die teilweisen unverbrannten und somit elektrisch leitende Staubpartikel keine Querströme in der Bürste verursacht werden, ist ebenfalls ein großes seitliches Spiel zwischen Bürste und Bürstenköcher günstig. Staubpartikel, die in den Zwischenraum zwischen Bürste und Bürstenköcher gelangen, können bei einem großen Spiel leicht wieder entweichen.During the intended use of the brush closes the brush in which it is abraded. The resulting brush dust passes between the brush and the brush holder. Thus, the brush can not jam by the brush dust in the brush holder or caused by the partial unburned and thus electrically conductive dust particles no cross currents in the brush, also a large side clearance between the brush and brush holder is low. Dust particles that get into the space between brush and brush quiver, can easily escape in a big game.

Nachteilig an dem großen Spiel ist, dass während des Betriebs der dynamo-elektrischen Maschine ein Geräusch entsteht. Sobald die Bürste auf eine Lamellenkante trifft, schlägt die Bürste an den Innenwänden des Köchers an. Hierbei schlägt die Bürste pro Lamelle jeweils zweimal an.A disadvantage of the great game is that during operation of the dynamo-electric machine produces a noise. As soon as the brush strikes a lamellar edge, the brush strikes against the inner walls of the quiver. In this case, the brush strikes twice per blade.

Eine bekannte Lösung zur Vermeidung der Geräusche sieht vor, die mit Lamellen versehende Kommutatoroberfläche beispielsweise durch sogenanntes Bimsen oder Feinschleifen zusätzlich zu bearbeiten. Bei dem Nachbearbeiten des Kommutators entstehen wieder Staubpartikel, die aufwendig entfernt werden müssen, damit diese Staubpartikel nicht wiederum ein Bürstenklemmen verursachen können.A known solution to avoid noise provides, in addition to edit the lamellar commutator, for example, by so-called pimples or fine grinding. When reworking the commutator again dust particles that need to be removed consuming, so that these dust particles in turn can not cause a brush terminals.

Ein Bürstenköcher, der insbesondere zur Führung von Mehrschichtkohlebürsten geeignet ist und quer zu der zu führenden Kohlebürste einen Abstand aufweist, ist aus der DE 101 57 604 A1 oder der US-A-3983432 bekannt. Der Bürstenköcher ist aus verzinnten Stahlblech gefertigt und mit einer Isolationsschicht überzogen. Die in dem Bürstenköcher aufgebrachte Isolationsschicht dient zur Vermeidung eines Kurzschlussstromes bzw. Querstromes zwischen einzelnen Schichten einer Mehrschichtkohlebürste. Als Isolationsschicht wird ein Lack wie Phenolharz-, Epoxidharz- oder Polystyrollack auf das Stahlblech des Kohlebürstenköchers aufgebracht. Bei der Verwendung einer solchen Isolation zwischen dem Kohlebürstenköcher und der Mehrschichtkohlebürste kann der Zwischenraum bzw. das Spiel zwischen dem Bürstenköcher und der Kohlebürste eng toleriert werden. Durch ein solches enges Spiel wird ein Schlagen der Kohlebürste an den Bürstenköcher vermieden. Nachteilig an dem geringen Spiel ist, dass der Bürstenstaub, der in den Zwischenraum gelangt, sich im Zwischenraum festsetzen kann, wodurch die Bürste im Bürstenköcher verklemmt oder die Schichten der Bürste durch unverbrannten Bürstenstaub kurzgeschlossen werden. Darüber hinaus kann eine solche Isolationsschicht thermisch und mechanisch nicht so stark belastet werden, wie eine reine Metallführung.A brush quiver, which is particularly suitable for guiding multilayer carbon brushes and has a distance transversely to the carbon brush to be guided, is known from US Pat DE 101 57 604 A1 or the US-A-3983432 known. The brush quiver is made of tinned sheet steel and covered with an insulating layer. The insulation layer applied in the brush quiver serves to avoid a short-circuit current or cross-current between individual layers of a multilayer carbon brush. As a layer of insulation, a paint such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin or polystyrene is applied to the steel plate of the carbon brush holder. When using such Insulation between the carbon brush holder and the multilayer carbon brush, the clearance between the brush holder and the carbon brush can be tightly tolerated. Such a tight play avoids hitting the carbon brush against the brush quiver. A disadvantage of the small game is that the brush dust that enters the gap, can accumulate in the space, causing the brush jammed in the brush holder or the layers of the brush are shorted by unburned brush dust. Moreover, such an insulating layer can not be stressed as much thermally and mechanically as a pure metal guide.

Andererseits wird im Stand der Technik gemäß der US 2 430 279 eine Anordnung vorgeschlagen, bei der mittels eines Kugel-Feder-Elementes, das mit der Bürste verbunden ist, die Bürste seitlich gegen eine Bürstenköcherwand vorzuspannen. Nachteilig an dieser Ausführung ist jedoch, dass die zur Nachführung der Bürste innerhalb des Bürstenköchers vorgesehene Feder eine deutlich höhere Federkraft aufweisen muss, als es bei Ausführungsformen der Fall ist, die ein Spiel zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher vorsehen. Die benötigte Federkraft zur Überwindung der Reibung zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher kann jedoch zu einem höheren Verschleiß der Bürste an dem Kommutator führen.On the other hand, in the prior art according to the US 2 430 279 proposed an arrangement in which by means of a ball-spring element, which is connected to the brush, the brush laterally bias against a brush holder wall. A disadvantage of this design, however, is that the provided for tracking the brush within the brush holder spring must have a much higher spring force, as is the case with embodiments that provide a clearance between the brush and the brush holder. However, the spring force required to overcome the friction between the brush and the brush holder can lead to a higher wear of the brush on the commutator.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Kohlebürstenköcher und/ oder eine Kohlebürste bzw. eine daraus resultierende Stromübertragungseinheit für eine dynamo-elektrische Maschine derartig zu gestalten, dass eine Bürste der Stromübertragungseinheit keine Geräusche verursacht und/oder sich keine Querströme in der Bürste ausbilden können. Ferner soll ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines entsprechenden Bürstenköchers bereitgestellt werden. Dabei soll zum einen die Stromübertragungseinheit so beschaffen sein, dass durch den beim Betrieb entstehenden Bürstenstaub keine Querströme in der Bürste verursacht werden oder die Bürste nicht im Bürstenköcher verklemmen kann, und zum anderen die Stromübertragungseinheit bzw. deren Komponenten kostengünstig und einfach herstellbar sind.The invention is therefore based on the problem of designing a carbon brush holder and / or a carbon brush or a resulting power transmission unit for a dynamo-electric machine such that a brush of the power transmission unit does not cause any noise and / or no cross currents can form in the brush , Furthermore, a method for producing a corresponding brush holder is to be provided. Here, on the one hand, the power transmission unit should be such that no cross currents are caused in the brush by the brush dust generated during operation or the brush can not jam in the brush holder, and on the other hand, the power transmission unit or its components are inexpensive and easy to produce.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 eines Bürstenköchers, des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 10 einer Kohlebürste, des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 12 einer Stromübertragungseinheit und des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 13 einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche dargestellt.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1 of a brush holder, the independent claim 10 a carbon brush, the independent claim 12 of a power transmission unit and the independent claim 13 of a dynamo-electric machine. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are represented by the features of the subclaims.

Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, den Bürstenköcher einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine mit einem Kommutator, wobei der Bürstenköcher Führungsbereiche zur Führung einer zur Längserstreckung verschiebbaren Bürste aufweist und zwischen den Führungsbereichen des Bürstenköchers und der Bürste quer zur Längserstreckung der Bürste ein Abstand vorhanden ist, derartig zu gestalten, dass in einem vorderen dem Kommutator zugewandten Führungsbereich der Abstand in mindestens einer quer zu der Bürste liegenden Längserstreckung geringer als in einem hinteren dem Kommutator abgewandten Führungsbereich ist. Somit kann das Spiel zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher im Bereich, der dem Kommutator zugewandt ist, soweit eingeschränkt werden, dass die Bürste in diesem Bereich nahezu spielfrei geführt wird. Ein Schlagen der Bürste an den Bürstenköcher beim bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb der Stromübertragungseinheit wird verhindert, wenn das Spiel in einer Ausrichtung, die tangential zum Kommutator liegt, eingeschränkt ist. Ein nach DIN 43008 vorgegebenes Spiel für eine Stromübertragungseinheit kann eingehalten und sogar unterschritten werden. Eine Ausbildung von Geräuschen durch ein Schlagen der Bürste kann somit wirksam verhindert werden. Weiter haben Versuche gezeigt, dass bei einer derartigen Ausführung ein großes querliegendes Spiel zwischen dem hinteren dem Kommutator abgewandten Führungsbereich und der Kohlebürste vorhanden sein kann, ohne dass die Bürste beim Betrieb an den Köcher schlägt. Das große Spiel im hinteren Führungsbereich ist vorteilhaft, da somit ausreicheichend Raum für gegebenenfalls anfallenden Bürstenstaub vorhanden ist. Ein sogenanntes Verklemmen der Bürste in dem Bürstenköcher kann dadurch wirksam ausgeschlossen werden. Weiterhin wird durch eine derartige Gestaltung des Bürstenköchers eine einfache Montage der Stromübertragungseinheit ermöglicht, da die Bürste bei der Montage der Stromübertragungseinheit leicht in den Bürstenköcher eingeführt werden kann.It has proven particularly advantageous to provide the brush holder of a dynamo-electric machine with a commutator, wherein the brush holder has guide regions for guiding a brush displaceable to the longitudinal extension and there is a gap between the guide regions of the brush holder and the brush transversely to the longitudinal extension of the brush. in such a way that in a front of the commutator facing the guide area, the distance in at least one transverse to the brush longitudinal extent is less than in a rear facing away from the commutator guide area. Thus, the play between the brush and the brush holder in the area which faces the commutator can be limited so far that the brush is guided in this area almost free of play. A beating of the brush on the brush holder during normal operation of the power transmission unit is prevented when the game is limited in an orientation that is tangent to the commutator. A specified according to DIN 43008 game for a power transmission unit can be maintained and even below. An education of noise by hitting the brush can thus be effectively prevented. Further, experiments have shown that in such an embodiment, a large transverse play between the rear commutator facing away from the guide area and the carbon brush can be present without the brush strikes in operation on the quiver. The great game in the rear guide area is advantageous because there is sufficient space for any resulting brush dust is available. A so-called jamming of the brush in the brush holder can be effectively excluded. Furthermore, such a design of the brush holder allows easy mounting of the power transmission unit, since the brush during assembly of the power transmission unit can be easily inserted into the brush holder.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung, weist der Bürstenköcher im vorderen Führungsbereich einen zur Führung der Bürste maßgeblichen Abstand bzw. ein Spiel zwischen Bürste und Bürstenköcher auf, der bzw. das im vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers um mindestens 0,005 mm geringer ist als im hinteren Führungsbereich. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird erreicht, dass bei einer nahezu spielfreien Führung der Bürste im vorderen Führungsbereich ein hinreichend großes Spiel im hinteren Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers vorhanden ist. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass ein um mindestens um 0,005 mm größeres Spiel im hinteren Führungsbereich ausreicht, um ein Verklemmen der Bürste im Bürstenköcher bei einem Betrieb in einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine vermieden werden kann.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the brush holder in the front guide region has a decisive distance for guiding the brush or a clearance between the brush and the brush holder, which is lower in the front guide region of the brush holder by at least 0.005 mm than in the rear guide region. As a result of this configuration, a sufficiently large clearance is present in the rear guide region of the brush holder when the brush is guided virtually free of play in the front guide region. Experiments have shown that at least a 0.005 mm larger clearance in the rear guide area sufficient to prevent jamming of the brush in the brush holder when operating in a dynamo-electric machine can be avoided.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung, bei der eine Führungsebene, die durch den vorderen und hinteren Führungsbereich einer ersten Wand des Bürstenköchers gebildet ist, zu einer Führungsebene geneigt ist, die durch den vorderen und hinteren Führungsbereich einer zweiten Wand gebildet ist, wobei die zweite Wand der ersten Wand gegenüberliegt. Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung können bisherige Fertigungsanlagen für Bürstenköcher weiter verwendet werden, da beispielsweise die erfindungsgemäße Neigung gegenüberliegender Wandabschnitte des Bürstenköchers durch einfaches Nachdrücken von parallel zueinander liegenden Wandabschnitten bzw. Führungsbereichen herkömmlicher Bürstenköcher hergestellt werden kann. Daher kann der Bürstenköcher weiter einstückig gefertigt werden.In an advantageous development of the invention, in which a guide plane, which is formed by the front and rear guide region of a first wall of the brush holder, is inclined to a guide plane which is formed by the front and rear guide region of a second wall, wherein the second wall opposite the first wall. In such an embodiment, previous production facilities for brush quiver can continue to be used because, for example, the inventive slope of opposite wall portions of the brush holder can be produced by simply pressing in parallel wall sections or guide areas of conventional brush quiver. Therefore, the brush holder can be further manufactured in one piece.

Vorzugsweise weist mindestens eine Wand des Bürstenköchers, die die Bürste axial bzw. parallel zur der Drehachse des Kommutators führt, gemäß einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung in einem vorderen Bereich des Bürstenköchers mindestens einen Durchbruch und/oder einen Kanal auf. Mittels einer solchen Ausgestaltung des Bürstenköchers kann vorteilhafterweise bewirkt werden, dass anfallender Bürstenstaub, der in den vorderen Bereich des Bürstenköchers gelangt, wieder einfach und vollständig durch den Durchbruch und/oder den Kanal aus dem vorderen Bereich entweicht.Preferably, at least one wall of the brush holder, which guides the brush axially or parallel to the axis of rotation of the commutator, according to a further development of the invention in a front region of the brush holder at least one aperture and / or channel. By means of such an embodiment of the brush holder can be advantageously effected that escaping brush dust that enters the front of the brush bag, again easily and completely escapes through the opening and / or the channel from the front area.

In einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung ist der Durchbruch im vorderen Bereich des Bürstenköchers als Schlitz ausgeführt, der am kommutatorseitigem Ende offen ist. Hierdurch wird ein Entweichen des anfallenden Bürstenstaubes zusätzlich begünstigt.In another embodiment of the invention, the opening in the front region of the brush holder is designed as a slot which is open at the commutator end. As a result, an escape of the resulting brush dust is additionally favored.

In einer alternativen Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Durchbruch des Bürstenköchers gitterförmig gestaltet. Durch eine solche Gestaltungsform kann eine sehr große Öffnungsfläche durch eine Vielzahl von Durchbrüchen im Bürstenköcher realisiert werden, ohne dass die Stabilität des Bürstenköchers durch solche Durchbrüche eingeschränkt wird, da die verbleibenden Stege zwischen den Durchbrüchen noch eine ausreichende Festigkeit aufweisen. Eine solche Ausgestaltung des Bürstenköchers dient zum schnellen Entweichen von Bürstenstaub.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the breakthrough of the brush holder is designed grid-shaped. By such a design, a very large opening area can be realized by a plurality of openings in the brush holder, without the stability of the brush holder is limited by such breakthroughs, since the remaining webs between the openings still have sufficient strength. Such a design of the brush holder is used for rapid escape of brush dust.

Als besonders günstig hat es sich erwiesen, dass bei einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung, der vordere Führungsbereich durch eine zur Bürste hin gerichtete Ausformung des Bürstenköchers ausgebildet ist. Da bei einer derartigen Gestaltungsform des Bürstenköchers die Bürste nur noch punkt- oder linienförmig die Führungsbereiche des Bürstenköchers berühren kann, ergeben sich somit nur geringe Führungsflächen des Bürstenköchers. Hierdurch wird die Reibung zwischen Bürste und Bürstenköcher deutlich reduziert, somit wird nur eine geringe Federkraft zum Verschieben der Bürste erforderlich. Eine geringere Federkraft bewirkt zugleich eine Reduzierung des Bürstenverschleißes.It has proved to be particularly favorable that, in a further development according to the invention, the front guide region is formed by a shaping of the brush holder directed towards the brush. Since in such a design form of the brush holder, the brush can touch the guide areas of the brush holder only point or line-shaped, thus resulting in only small guide surfaces of the brush holder. As a result, the friction between the brush and brush holder is significantly reduced, thus only a small spring force to move the brush is required. A lower spring force also causes a reduction in brush wear.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung sind die nach innen gerichteten Ausformungen des vorderen Führungsbereiches des Bürstenköchers in Form mindestens einer Sicke und/oder eines Noppens ausgebildet. Solche Ausgestaltungen lassen sich besonders einfach, beispielsweise durch Prägen, herstellen. Vorteilhaft bei dieser Ausgestaltung des Bürstenköchers ist es auch, dass in einer näheren Umgebung außerhalb des so geformten vorderen Führungsbereiches des Bürstenköchers ein relativ großes Spiel bzw. einen Abstand zwischen der Bürste und dem Bürstenköcher möglich ist. Somit können Bürstenstaubpartikel, die zwischen Bürste und Bürstenköcher gelangen, wieder gut entweichen.According to an advantageous development, the inwardly directed formations of the front guide region of the brush holder are designed in the form of at least one bead and / or one pimple. Such embodiments can be particularly simple, for example by embossing produce. It is also advantageous in this embodiment of the brush holder that in a closer environment outside the thus formed front guide region of the brush holder, a relatively large clearance or a distance between the brush and the brush holder is possible. Thus, brush dust particles that get between the brush and brush quiver, escape well again.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Bürstenköcher im vorderen Führungsbereich eine hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht auf. Durch eine solche Schicht kann eine Ausbildung von Querströmen in der Bürste vermieden werden. Das führt dazu, dass der Bürstenverschleiß während des Betriebes der dynamo-elektrischen Maschine reduziert und somit die Lebensdauer der Bürste verlängert werden kann. Bei bekannten isolierten Bürstenköcher erstreckt sich eine solche Schicht über den gesamten Führungsbereich eines Bürstenköchers. Dem gegenüber kann ein Bürstenköcher gemäß der Weiterbildung der Erfindung kostengünstiger als die bisher bekannten Bürstenköcher gefertigt werden, da nur der vordere Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers eine elektrisch nicht leitende Schicht aufweist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the brush holder in the front guide region on a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer. Through such a layer, a formation of cross currents in the brush can be avoided. As a result, the brush wear during operation of the dynamo-electric machine can be reduced and thus the life of the brush can be extended. In known insulated brush quivers, such a layer extends over the entire guide region of a brush holder. In contrast, a brush quiver according to the embodiment of the invention can be made more cost-effective than the previously known brush quiver, since only the front guide portion of the brush holder has an electrically non-conductive layer.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Bürste, die für den Einsatz in dem erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenköcher dient. Die vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Bürste zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass Bereiche der Bürste, die während eines bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatzes zum Betreiben einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine den vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers berühren können, eine hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht aufweisen. Durch eine solche Schicht kann die Ausbildung von Querströmen in der Bürste verhindert werden. Da nur Teilbereiche der Bürste die elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht aufweisen müssen, kann gegenüber vollflächig beschichteten Bürsten Isoliermaterial eingespart werden.The invention also relates to a brush which serves for use in the brush holder according to the invention. The advantageous embodiment of the brush is characterized in that regions of the brush, which may touch the front guide region of the brush holder during a proper use for operating a dynamo-electric machine, have a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer. By such a layer, the formation of transverse currents in the brush can be prevented. Since only portions of the brush must have the electrically non-conductive layer, insulation material can be saved compared to full-surface coated brushes.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht die elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht der Bürste aus einem Isolierlack. Ein solcher Lack lässt sich einfach auf die Bürste auftragen, wodurch die Bürste nur unwesentlich verteuert wird.In an advantageous development of the invention, the electrically non-conductive layer of the brush consists of an insulating varnish. Such a paint can be easily applied to the brush, whereby the brush is only slightly more expensive.

Weiter betrifft die Erfindung eine Stromübertragungseinheit, die vorteilhafterweise mindestens einen erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenköcher und/oder eine erfindungsgemäße Bürste enthält. Ebenso betrifft die Erfindung eine dynamo-elektrische Maschine mit einer solchen Stromübertragungseinheit, einem erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenköcher und/oder einer erfindungsgemäßen Bürste. Eine solche Stromübertragungseinheit bzw. eine solche dynamo-elektrische Maschine in Form eines Wechselstrom-Universalmotors kann besonders vorteilhaft in einer Waschmaschine eingesetzt werden, da solche Geräte geräuscharm betrieben werden müssen, wobei möglichst kostengünstige Komponenten, beispielsweise ein Antriebsmotor mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Stromübertragungseinheit, für die Herstellung der Waschmaschine verwendet werden.Furthermore, the invention relates to a power transmission unit, which advantageously contains at least one brush holder according to the invention and / or a brush according to the invention. Likewise, the invention relates to a dynamo-electric machine with such a power transmission unit, a brush holder according to the invention and / or a brush according to the invention. Such a power transmission unit or such a dynamo-electric machine in the form of an AC universal motor can be used particularly advantageously in a washing machine, since such devices must be operated quietly, with the lowest possible cost components, such as a drive motor with a power transmission unit according to the invention, for the production the washing machine can be used.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein verfahren gemäß dem Anspruch 14 zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenköchers, wobei das Verfahren neben einem Schritt zum Fertigen eines Bürstenköchers vorteilhafterweise einen weiteren Schritt enthält, in dem der Bürstenköchers in einem Bereich des vorderen Führungsbereiches nachgedrückt oder geprägt wird, so dass sich ein Bürstenköcher ergibt, bei dem der Abstand zu einer zu führenden Bürste in mindestens einer quer zur Bürste liegenden Längserstreckung in einem vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers geringer als in einem hinteren Führungsbereich ist.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method according to claim 14 for the production of the brush holder according to the invention, wherein the method advantageously comprises, in addition to a step for manufacturing a brush holder, a further step in which the brush holder is pressed or embossed in a region of the front guide region, so that there is a brush case, wherein the distance to a leading brush in at least one transverse to the brush longitudinal extent in a front guide portion of the brush bag is less than in a rear guide portion.

Die Erfindung sowie deren vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden nachfolgend an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen und schematischer und nicht maßstabsgerechter Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Darin zeigenThe invention and its advantageous embodiments are described below with reference to exemplary embodiments and schematic and not to scale drawings. Show in it

Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine Stromübertragungseinheit und einen Kommutator einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine mit zueinander geneigten Führungsbereichen,1 shows a section through a power transmission unit and a commutator of a dynamo-electric machine with mutually inclined guide areas,

Fig. 2 einen querliegenden Schnitt A - A der Stromübertragungseinheit in einem vorderen Führungsbereich,2 shows a transverse section A - A of the power transmission unit in a front guide area,

Fig. 3 einen querliegenden Schnitt B - B der Stromübertragungseinheit in einem hinteren Führungsbereich,3 is a transverse section B - B of the power transmission unit in a rear guide area,

Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch eine Stromübertragungseinheit mit zur Bürste hin gerichteten Ausformungen des Bürstenköchers zur Bildung eines vorderen Führungsbereiches,4 shows a section through a power transmission unit with brush-shaped formations of the brush bag to form a front guide area,

Fig. 5 einen querliegenden Schnitt C - C der Stromübemagungseinheit mit zur Bürste hin gerichteten Ausformungen des Bürstenköchers zur Bildung eines vorderen Führungsbereiches5 shows a transverse section C - C of the current transfer unit with protrusions of the brush bag directed toward the brush to form a front guide area

Fig. 6 eine seitliche Ansicht der Stromübertragungseinheit mit zur Bürste hin gerichteten Ausformungen des Bürstenköchers zur Bildung eines vorderen Führungsbereiches und eine seitliche Ansicht des Kommutators,6 shows a side view of the current transmission unit with brush-shaped formations of the brush holder for forming a front guide region and a lateral view of the commutator,

Fig. 7 einen querliegenden Schnitt C' - C' einer Stromübertragungseinheit in einem vorderen Führungsbereich, wobei im Bereich des vorderen Führungsbereiches der Bürstenköcher eine elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht aufweist,7 shows a transverse section C'-C 'of a current transmission unit in a front guide region, wherein in the region of the front guide region the brush holder has an electrically non-conductive layer,

Fig. 8 und 9 seitliche Ansichten von Stromübertragungseinheiten mit einem Bürstenköcher mit seitlichen Durchbrüchen und einen Schnitt durch den Kommutator,8 and 9 are side views of power transmission units with a brush quiver with lateral openings and a section through the commutator,

Fig. 10 einen querliegenden Schnitt einer Stromübertragungseinheit mit einem Bürstenköcher, der einen Durchbruch aufweist,10 is a transverse section of a power transmission unit with a brush quiver having an opening,

Fig. 11 einen querliegenden Schnitt einer Stromübertragungseinheit mit einem Bürstenköcher, der einen Kanal aufweist,11 is a transverse section of a power transmission unit with a brush quiver having a channel,

Fig. 12 einen Schnitt durch eine Stromübertragungseinheit mit einer Bürste, die an außenliegenden Bereichen elektrisch nichtleitende Schichten aufweist, und12 shows a section through a power transmission unit with a brush, which has electrically non-conductive layers at outer regions, and

Fig. 13 einen querliegenden Schnitt D - D durch die Stromübertragungseinheit mit einer Bürste, die an außenliegenden Bereichen elektrisch nichtleitende Schichten aufweist.13 shows a transverse section D - D through the current transmission unit with a brush, which has electrically non-conductive layers at outer regions.

Die Beschreibung der vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung erfolgt an Hand einer Anwendung in einem Wechselstrom-Universalmotor, der zum Antrieb einer in einem Wäschebehandlungsgerät befindlichen drehbar gelagerten Trommel dient. Die Erfindung ist aber nicht auf eine solche spezielle Ausführung einer dynamo-elektrischen Maschine und der Verwendung der Maschine in dem Wäschebehandlungsgerät beschränkt. Die Erfindung erstreckt sich vielmehr auf Stromübertragungseinheiten bzw. Bürstenköcher und Bürsten, die in dynamo-elektrischen Maschinen mit einem mechanischen Kommutator einsetzbar sind.The description of the advantageous embodiments of the invention is made on Hand of an application in an AC universal motor, which serves to drive a rotatably mounted drum located in a laundry treatment device. However, the invention is not limited to such a specific embodiment of a dynamo-electric machine and the use of the machine in the laundry treatment appliance. Rather, the invention extends to power transmission units or brush quivers and brushes which can be used in dynamo-electric machines with a mechanical commutator.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Stromübertragungseinheit und durch einen Kommutator 7 eines nicht dargestellten Wechselstrom-Universalmotors, der nachfolgend nur Motor genannt wird. Die Stromübertragungseinheit besteht aus einer Anschlussleitung 1, einer Mehrschichtkohlebürste 11, die zwei elektrisch leitende Schichten 5 und 8 und eine zwischen diesen Schichten befindliche hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht 9 aufweist, einer Feder 2 und einem feststehenden Bürstenköcher 3. Die Anschlussleitung 1 ist mit beiden Schichten 5 und 8 der Mehrschichtkohlebürste 11 durch einen gemeinsamen Kontaktpunkt verbunden. Zur Vereinfachung wird die Mehrschichtkohlebürste 11 nachfolgend auch als Bürste 11 bezeichnet. Die Bürste 11 ist in ihrer Längserstreckung, also in Richtung X, in dem Bürstenköcher 3 verschiebbar. Mittels einer durch die Feder 2 bewirkten Kraft wird die Bürste gegen den Kommutator 7 bzw. gegen die auf dem Kommutator 7 befindlichen Lamellen 6 gedrückt. Zusätzlich bewirkt die Feder 2, dass die Bürste 11 entsprechend eines betriebsbedingten Verschleißes der Bürste 11 längs der Richtung X nachgeschoben wird. Die Bürste 11 gleitet bei einer Drehung D des Kommutators 7, der mit einem Rotor des Motors fest verbundenen ist, über die Lamellen 6, die mit einzelnen Wicklungen des Rotors verbunden sind. Somit wird ein elektrischer Kontakt zwischen der Bürste 11 und den Lamellen 6 bzw. den Wicklungen des Rotors hergestellt.Fig. 1 shows a section through a power transmission unit and by a commutator 7 of an unillustrated AC universal motor, which is hereinafter referred to as motor. The power transmission unit consists of a connecting line 1, a multilayer carbon brush 11, which has two electrically conductive layers 5 and 8 and a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer 9 between these layers, a spring 2 and a stationary brush holder 3. The connecting line 1 is provided with both Layers 5 and 8 of the multilayer carbon brush 11 connected by a common contact point. For simplification, the multi-layer carbon brush 11 is also referred to below as a brush 11. The brush 11 is in its longitudinal extent, ie in the direction X, in the brush holder 3 displaced. By means of a force caused by the spring 2, the brush is pressed against the commutator 7 and against the sliders 6 located on the commutator 7. In addition, the spring 2 causes the brush 11 is nachgeschoben along the direction X according to an operational wear of the brush 11. The brush 11 slides at a rotation D of the commutator 7, which is fixedly connected to a rotor of the motor, via the fins 6, which are connected to individual windings of the rotor. Thus, an electrical contact between the brush 11 and the fins 6 and the windings of the rotor is made.

Die Bürste 11 wird von jeweils zwei gegenüberliegenden Innenwänden des Bürstenköchers 3 geführt, dabei ist zwischen der Bürste 11 und den Innenwänden des Bürstenköchers 3 ein Abstand in jeweils einer quer zur Bürste liegenden Erstreckung vorhanden. Die Innenwände bzw. Bereiche der Innenwände des Bürstenköchers 3 stellen sogenannte Führungsbereiche dar. Bei der bevorzugten und in Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführung ist sind die Wände 4 und 10 des Bürstenköchers 3 so geformt, dass der Abstand 11 zwischen der Bürste 11 und den Wandabschnitten 4a und 10a in einem vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 geringer als der Abstand 12 zwischen der Bürste 11 und den Wandabschnitten 4b und 10b in einem hinteren Führungsbereich ist, dabei bilden die Wandabschnitte 4a und 4b eine Führungsebene 12 und die Wandabschnitte 10a und 10b eine Führungsebene 14. Der vordere Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 ist dem Kommutator 7 zugewandt und liegt in einer Ebene A-A. Dementsprechend ist der hintere Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 dem Kommutator 7 abgewandt und liegt in einer Ebene B-B. Ein Schnitt in der Ebene A-A durch den Bürstenköcher 3 und durch die Bürste 11 ist in Fig. 2 und ein Schnitt in der Ebene B-B ist in Fig. 3 dargestellt. Insbesondere eine Verringerung des Abstandes bzw. des Spiels zwischen der Bürste 11 und dem Bürstenköcher 3 in der tangential zum Kommutator 7 liegenden Richtung Y verringert ein Schlagen der Bürste 11 an den Bürstenköcher 3, wobei vorteilhafterweise eine Verringerung des Spiels im vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 genügt. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf eine solche spezielle Ausgestaltung des Bürstenköchers 3 beschränkt, bei der der Abstand 11 zwischen der Bürste 11 und dem Bürstenköcher 3 im vorderen Führungsbereich in einer tangential zum Kommutator 7 liegenden Richtung (Richtung Y) geringer als der Abstand 12 im hinteren Führungsbereich ist. Der Abstand zwischen der Bürste 11 und dem Bürstenköcher 3 kann auch im vorderen Führungsbereich in einer axialen Richtung (Richtung Z), die quer zur Längserstreckung der Bürste 11 liegt, geringer als in einem hinteren Führungsbereich sein.The brush 11 is guided by two opposite inner walls of the brush holder 3, while there is a distance between the brush 11 and the inner walls of the brush holder 3 in each case lying transversely to the brush extension. The inner walls or regions of the inner walls of the brush bag 3 represent so-called guide areas. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the walls 4 and 10 of the brush bag 3 are shaped so that the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the Wall portions 4a and 10a in a front guide portion of the brush holder 3 is less than the distance 12 between the brush 11 and the wall portions 4b and 10b in a rear guide portion, thereby form the wall sections 4a and 4b a guide plane 12 and the wall portions 10a and 10b, a management level 14. The front guide portion of the brush holder 3 faces the commutator 7 and lies in a plane AA. Accordingly, the rear guide portion of the brush holder 3 facing away from the commutator 7 and lies in a plane BB. A section in the plane AA through the brush holder 3 and through the brush 11 is shown in Fig. 2 and a section in the plane BB is shown in Fig. 3. In particular, a reduction in the clearance between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in the direction Y tangent to the commutator 7 reduces the impact of the brush 11 on the brush holder 3, advantageously allowing the backlash in the front guide portion of the brush holder 3 to be reduced , The invention is not limited to such a special embodiment of the brush holder 3, wherein the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in the front guide region in a direction tangent to the commutator 7 (direction Y) is less than the distance 12 in the rear guide region is. The distance between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 may also be smaller in the front guide portion in an axial direction (Z direction) transverse to the longitudinal extent of the brush 11 than in a rear guide portion.

Die Kohlebürste 11 eines Motors einer Haushaltwaschmaschine hat im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel eine Breite (Richtung Y) von 5 mm. Es hat sich als besonders günstig erwiesen, den Bürstenköcher 3 einer solchen Kohlebürste 11 derartig zu gestalten, dass die zur Führung maßgebliche Öffnungsweite des Bürstenköchers 3 im vorderen Führungsbereich 5,03 mm beträgt und um 0,02 mm geringer als im hinteren Führungsbereich ist. Der Abstand 11 im vorderen Führungsbereich beträgt somit bei einer mittig im Bürstenköcher 3 befindlichen Bürste 11 beidseitig 0,015 mm und der Abstand 12 im hinteren Führungsbereich beidseitig 0,025 mm. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass beim Betrieb des Universalmotors der Waschmaschine die Bürste 11 deutlich vermindert an den Bürstenköcher schlägt, wenn der zur Führung der Bürste 11 maßgebliche Abstand 11 im vorderen Führungsbereich gegenüber dem Abstand 12 im hinteren Führungsbereich um mindestens 0,005 mm verringert ist.The carbon brush 11 of a motor of a household washing machine has a width (direction Y) of 5 mm in the present embodiment. It has proved to be particularly favorable to design the brush holder 3 of such a carbon brush 11 in such a manner that the guide opening width of the brush holder 3 in the front guide region is 5.03 mm and is 0.02 mm smaller than in the rear guide region. The distance 11 in the front guide area is thus 0.015 mm on both sides in a centrally located in the brush holder 3 brush 11 and the distance 12 in the rear guide area on both sides 0.025 mm. Experiments have shown that during operation of the universal motor of the washing machine, the brush 11 beats markedly reduced to the brush case when the relevant guide 11 for the brush 11 distance is reduced in the front guide area with respect to the distance 12 in the rear guide area by at least 0.005 mm.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Bürstenköchers 3 ist die durch den vorderen und hinteren Führungsbereich gebildete Ebene 12 einer Wand des Bürstenköchers 3 zur gegenüberliegenden Ebene 14 geneigt, die durch den vorderen und hinteren Führungsbereich der gegenüberliegenden Wand des Bürstenköchers 3 gebildet ist. Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bürstenköcher 3 sind die gegenüberliegenden Wände 4 und 10 gerade ausgeführt, somit verlaufen die Wände 4 und 10 zueinander geneigt.In a further preferred embodiment of the brush bag 3, the plane 12 formed by the front and rear guide portions of one wall of the brush bag 3 is inclined to the opposite plane 14 formed by the front and rear guide portions of the opposite wall of the brush bag 3. In the brush case 3 shown in Fig. 1, the opposite walls 4 and 10 are made straight, thus the walls 4 and 10 are inclined to each other.

Die Darstellungen der Fig. 8 und 9 zeigen seitliche Ansichten von Bürstenköchern 3 in zwei verschiedenen vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen, wobei ein Teilbereich des Kommutators 7 in den Darstellungen geschnitten dargestellt ist. Fig. 10 zeigt einen Schnitt durch den Bürstenköcher 3 in einem vorderen bzw. kommutatorseitigen Bereich des Bürstenköchers 3. In diesen Ausführungsformen sind Durchbrüche 17, 19 im kommutatorseitigen Bereich der Wände 21 und 22 des Bürstenköchers 3 vorhanden. Dabei sind die Durchbrüche 17, 19 vorzugsweise in gegenüberliegenden Wänden eingebracht, die die Bürste 11 seitlich bzw. axial führen und längs der Richtung Y liegen. Durch diese Durchbrüche 17, 19 kann der Bürstenstaub, der zwischen die Bürste 11 und den Bürstenköcher 3 gelangt, wieder entweichen. Dadurch wird ein Klemmen der Bürste 11 in dem Bürstenköcher 3 durch Bürstenstaub wirksam vermieden. In alternativen Ausführungsformen können die Durchbrüche 17, 19 auch in weiteren Wänden des Bürstenköchers 3 vorhanden sein. In den in Fig. 8 und 9 dargestellten Ausführungsformen ist der Durchbruch 19 des Bürstenköchers 3 schlitzförmig, der am kommutatorseitigen Ende offen ist. Zur Vergrößerung der Öffnungsfläche sind weitere Durchbrüche 17 gitterförmig im vorderen Bereich des Bürstenköchers 3 eingebracht, wobei zwischen den Durchbrüchen 17 und/oder dem Durchbruch 19 Stege 18 verbleiben. Durch diese Stege 18 behält der Bürstenköcher 3 eine ausreichende Steifigkeit.The illustrations of FIGS. 8 and 9 show lateral views of brush boxes 3 in two different advantageous embodiments, wherein a partial area of the commutator 7 is shown cut in the illustrations. Fig. 10 shows a section through the brush holder 3 in a front or commutator side Area of the brush bag 3. In these embodiments, openings 17, 19 are provided in the commutator side area of the walls 21 and 22 of the brush bag 3. In this case, the openings 17, 19 are preferably introduced in opposite walls, which guide the brush 11 laterally or axially and lie along the direction Y. Through these openings 17, 19 of the brush dust, which passes between the brush 11 and the brush holder 3, escape again. As a result, clamping of the brush 11 in the brush holder 3 is effectively prevented by brush dust. In alternative embodiments, the openings 17, 19 may be present in other walls of the brush holder 3. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the opening 19 of the brush holder 3 is slot-shaped, which is open at the commutator end. To increase the opening area further openings 17 are lattice-shaped in the front region of the brush holder 3, wherein between the openings 17 and / or the opening 19 webs 18 remain. Through these webs 18 of the brush holder 3 retains sufficient rigidity.

Bei einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsform eines Bürstenköchers 3, dargestellt in Fig. 11, ist im vorderen bzw. kommutatorseitigen Bereich des Bürstenköchers 3 in gegenüberliegenden Wänden 21, 22 jeweils ein Kanal 20 eingeformt. Dabei zeigt die Fig. 11 einen Schnitt durch die Bürste 11 und den Bürstenköcher 3 in einer Ebene, die dem Kommutator zugewandt ist. Die Kanäle 20 sind vorzugsweise in Wänden eingebracht, die die Bürste 11 axial führen und längs der Richtung Y liegen. Anfallender Bürstenstaub kann über solche Kanäle wieder aus dem Raum zwischen Bürste 11 und Bürstenköcher entweichen.In a further alternative embodiment of a brush holder 3, shown in Fig. 11, in the front or commutator side region of the brush holder 3 in opposite walls 21, 22 each have a channel 20 is formed. In this case, Fig. 11 shows a section through the brush 11 and the brush holder 3 in a plane which faces the commutator. The channels 20 are preferably incorporated in walls which axially guide the brush 11 and lie along the direction Y. Incident brush dust can escape through such channels again from the space between brush 11 and brush quiver.

Bei der in Fig. 4 bis Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausgestaltung des Bürstenköchers 3 hat der Bürstenköcher 3 im kommutatorseitigen Bereich zur Bürste 11 hin gerichtete Ausformungen 13, 15 an gegenüberliegenden Wänden 4' und 10' des Bürstenköchers 3. Die innenliegenden Flächen der Ausformungen 13, 15 stellen vordere Führungsflächen bzw. Führungsbereiche für die Bürste 11 dar. Die Ausformungen 13 bilden mit dem hinteren Führungsbereich der Wand 4' des Bürstenköchers 3 die Führungsebene 12 und die Ausformungen 15 bilden mit dem hinteren Führungsbereich der entsprechend gegenüberliegenden Wand 10' die Führungsebene 14. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist besonders vorteilhaft, dass gegenüberliegende Wände des Bürstenköchers 3 im wesentlichen parallel sein können, wobei durch die Ausformungen 13, 15 der Abstand 11 zwischen der Bürste 11 und dem vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 geringer als der Abstand 12 zwischen der Bürste 11 und dem hinteren Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 ist.In the embodiment of the brush holder 3 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the brush holder 3 has protrusions 13, 15 directed towards the brush 11 in the commutator region, on opposite walls 4 'and 10' of the brush holder 3. The inner surfaces of the formations 13, 15 represent front guide surfaces or guide areas for the brush 11. The formations 13 form with the rear guide region of the wall 4 'of the brush holder 3, the guide plane 12 and the formations 15 form with the rear guide portion of the corresponding opposite wall 10', the guide plane 14th In this embodiment, it is particularly advantageous that opposite walls of the brush holder 3 may be substantially parallel, wherein the distance 11 between the brush 11 and the front guide portion of the brush holder 3 is less than the distance 12 between the brush 11 and through the protrusions 13, 15 the back guide I am the brush-holder 3

Wie in Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellt, ist der Bürstenköcher 3 derartig gefertigt, dass die Ausformungen 13 und 15 des Bürstenköchers 3 noppenartig sind. Zur Bildung eines vorderen Führungsbereiches sind auch alternative Ausgestaltungen von Ausformungen des Bürstenköchers 3, wie ein oder mehrere Sicken, möglich.As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the brush holder 3 is made such that the protrusions 13 and 15 of the brush holder 3 are knob-like. To form a Front guide region are also alternative embodiments of the formations of the brush holder 3, such as one or more beads, possible.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung hat der Bürstenköcher 3 im Bereich des vorderen Führungsbereiches eine hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht 16, die der Bürste 11 zugewandt ist. Bei dem in Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist auf der Oberfläche der zur Bürste 11 hin gerichteten Ausformungen 13, 15 des Bürstenköchers ein Isolierlack aufgebracht.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the brush holder 3 in the region of the front guide region has a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive layer 16, which faces the brush 11. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, an insulating varnish is applied to the surface of the molds 13, 15 of the brush holder directed towards the brush 11.

Die Darstellungen der Fig. 12 und 13 zeigen eine Ausführungsform einer Stromübertragungseinheit mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Bürstenköcher 3, der in dem vorderen Führungsbereich einen geringeren Abstand zur Bürste 11 hat als in dem hinteren Führungsbereich, und einer Bürste 11, die eine hochohmige bzw. elektrisch nicht leitende Schicht 23 bzw. Isolierschicht 23 aufweist. Diese elektrisch nichtleitende Schicht 23 ist auf die Bereiche der Bürste 11 beschränkt, die während eines bestimmungsgemäßen Einsatzes den vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 berühren können. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Isolierlack, der aus Phenolharz-, Epoxidharz- oder Polystyrollack besteht und der die Isolierschicht 23 bildet, auf die Bereiche der Bürste 11 aufgebracht, die den Bürstenköcher 3 in einer im wesentlichen tangential zum Kommutator liegende Richtung Y berühren können. In alternativen Ausführungsformen einer Bürste 11 kann die Isolierschicht 23 auch an Bereichen angebracht werden, die den vorderen Führungsbereich in einer anderen Richtung berühren können. In alternativen Ausführungen der Bürste 11 kann die Isolierschicht 23 auch anderer Art sein.The illustrations of FIGS. 12 and 13 show an embodiment of a power transmission unit with a brush quiver 3 according to the invention, which has a smaller distance to the brush 11 in the front guide area than in the rear guide area, and a brush 11, which is a high-resistance or electrically non-conductive Layer 23 or insulating layer 23 has. This electrically non-conductive layer 23 is limited to the areas of the brush 11, which can touch the front guide region of the brush holder 3 during a proper use. In the illustrated embodiment, an insulating varnish, which consists of phenolic resin, epoxy or Polystyrollack and which forms the insulating layer 23, applied to the areas of the brush 11, which can touch the brush holder 3 in a lying substantially tangential to the commutator Y direction. In alternative embodiments of a brush 11, the insulating layer 23 may also be applied to areas that may touch the front guide area in a different direction. In alternative embodiments of the brush 11, the insulating layer 23 may be of another type.

Die vorstehend dargestellten Ausführungsformen der Bürstenköcher 3 und der Bürste 11 werden einzeln oder in Kombination in einer Stromübertragungseinheit eines Wechselstrom-Universalmotors eingesetzt. Solche Ausführungsformen lassen sich aber auch in anderen dynamo-elektrischen Maschinen einsetzen, die einen mechanischen Kommutator bzw. ein Gleitkontaktsystem aufweisen.The above embodiments of the brush holder 3 and the brush 11 are used singly or in combination in a power transmission unit of an AC universal motor. However, such embodiments can also be used in other dynamo-electric machines, which have a mechanical commutator or a sliding contact system.

Der erfindungsgemäße Bürstenköcher 3 wird hergestellt, indem aus einer Blechplatine ein Halbzeug gestanzt wird, wobei mögliche Aussparungen, wie die Durchbrüche 17 und 19, berücksichtigt sind. Ein solches Halbzeug wird zu einem Bürstenköcher mit im wesentlichen parallelen Wänden gebogen. Zwei Endabschnitte des Halbzeuges werden mittels einer sogenannten Schwalbenschwanzverbindung miteinander fest verbunden. In einem weiteren Fertigungsschritt wird der so gefertigte Bürstenköcher im vorderen Bereich derartig verformt, dass der Abstand zu einer zu führenden Bürste 11 in mindestens einer quer zur Bürste 11 liegenden Längserstreckung in einem vorderen Führungsbereich des Bürstenköchers 3 geringer als der Abstand in einem hinteren Führungsbereich ist. Dazu werden zwei gegenüberliegende überwiegend parallel verlaufende Wände des Bürstenköchers in einem vorderen Bereich verpresst bzw. nachgedrückt. Durch diesen Fertigungsschritt können die Wände auch derartig verformt werden, dass sich ein in Fig. 1 dargestellter Bürstenköcher 3 mit zueinander geneigten Wänden ergibt. Durch einen solchen Fertigungsschritt können auch zur Bürste 11 hin gerichtete Ausformungen, wie beispielsweise in Fig. 4 dargestellt, in den Bürstenköcher eingebracht werden.The brush quiver 3 according to the invention is produced by punching a semifinished product out of a sheet metal blank, possible recesses, such as the perforations 17 and 19, being taken into account. Such a semi-finished product is bent into a brush quiver having substantially parallel walls. Two end portions of the semifinished product are firmly connected to each other by means of a so-called dovetail connection. In a further production step, the brush quiver thus produced is deformed in the front region in such a way that the distance to a brush 11 to be guided is less than the distance in a rear guide region in at least one longitudinal extension transverse to the brush 11 in a front guide region of the brush holder 3. For this purpose, two opposite predominantly parallel walls of the brush holder in a front Area pressed or pushed. As a result of this production step, the walls can also be deformed in such a way that a brush holder 3 shown in FIG. 1 results with mutually inclined walls. By such a manufacturing step, also to the brush 11 directed towards moldings, as shown for example in Fig. 4, are introduced into the brush holder.

Claims (14)

  1. Brush holder for a current transfer unit of a dynamo-electric machine with a commutator (7), particularly for an electric motor, wherein the brush holder (3), which, in particular, is made of metal, has guide regions for guidance of a brush (11), which is displaceable relative to the length direction and which is constructed, in particular, as a multi-layer carbon brush (11), and a spacing is present between the guide regions and the brush (11) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the brush (11), characterised in that in a front guide region of the brush holder (3), which faces the commutator (7), the spacing (11) in at least one length direction lying transversely to the brush is smaller than the spacing (12) in a rear guide region of the brush holder (3), which faces away from the commutator (7).
  2. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacing (11) decisive for guidance of the brush (11) is smaller in the front guide region than the spacing (12) in the rear guide region by at least 0.005 millimetres.
  3. Brush holder according to claim 2, characterised in that a guide plane (12) formed by the front and rear guide region of a first wall (4, 4') of the brush holder (3) is inclined relative to a guide plane (14) formed by the front and rear guide region of a second wall (10, 10'), wherein the second wall (10, 10') is opposite the first wall (4).
  4. Brush holder according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that a wall (21, 22) or walls (21, 22), which axially guides or guide the brush (11), of the brush holder (3) has or have at least one passage (17, 19) and/or at least one channel (20) at least in a front region of the brush holder (3) facing the commutator (7).
  5. Brush holder according to claim 4, characterised in that the passage (19) is formed as a slot and the slot is open at the end of the commutator side.
  6. Brush holder according to claim 4, characterised in that the passage (17, 19) is formed to be grid-shaped.
  7. Brush holder according to claim 3, characterised in that the front guide region is formed by at least one shaped portion (13, 15), which is directed towards the brush (11), of the brush holder (3).
  8. Brush holder according to claim 7, characterised in that the shaped portion (13, 15) and/or the shaped portions (13, 15) are constructed in the form of at least one corrugation and/or at least one nub.
  9. Brush holder according to one of claims 2 to 8, characterised in that the brush holder (3) has an electrically insulating layer (16) in the area of the front guide region.
  10. Current transfer unit, characterised in that at least one brush holder (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9 is included.
  11. Current transfer unit according to claim 10, characterised in that a brush (11) comprising an electrically non-conductive layer (23) is included, wherein the layer is confined to areas of the brush (11) which during intended use for operation of a dynamo-electric machine can contact the front guide region.
  12. Current transfer unit according to claim 11, characterised in that the electrically non-conductive layer (23) of the brush (11) consists of an insulating lacquer.
  13. Dynamo-electric machine, particularly an electric motor, characterised in that a current transfer unit according to one of claims 10 to 12 and/or a brush holder (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9 is included.
  14. Method of producing a brush holder (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9 for a current transfer unit of a dynamo-electric machine, particularly an electric motor, characterised in that the method includes the following steps: production of a brush holder (3) and re-pressing or stamping of the brush holder (3) in a region of the front guide region so that a brush holder (3) results in which the spacing from a brush (11), which is to be guided, in at least one length direction lying transversely to the brush (11) is smaller in a front guide region of the brush holder (3) than in a rear guide region.
EP05707879A 2004-01-28 2005-01-28 Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine Active EP1711985B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004004275A DE102004004275A1 (en) 2004-01-28 2004-01-28 Brush quiver for a dynamo-electric machine
PCT/EP2005/050363 WO2005074079A1 (en) 2004-01-28 2005-01-28 Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1711985A1 EP1711985A1 (en) 2006-10-18
EP1711985B1 true EP1711985B1 (en) 2007-06-27

Family

ID=34801136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05707879A Active EP1711985B1 (en) 2004-01-28 2005-01-28 Brush bag for a dynamo-electric machine

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US (1) US7671507B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1711985B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101072149B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100449886C (en)
AT (1) ATE365990T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004004275A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2288294T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2005074079A1 (en)

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DE102004061896A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-07-27 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Brush quiver for a dynamo-electric machine
US8624464B2 (en) * 2005-05-20 2014-01-07 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Brush and brush housing arrangement to mitigate hydrodynamic brush lift in fluid-immersed electric motors
DE102005048191A1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-19 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Carbon brush holder for an electro-dynamic machine
CN103427269A (en) * 2012-05-16 2013-12-04 海门市海菱碳业有限公司 Compound carbon brush for electric drill
CN105226476A (en) * 2014-06-25 2016-01-06 西安立科环保科技有限公司 A kind of novel overall carbon brush holder
DE102015203762A1 (en) * 2015-03-03 2016-09-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brush holder for contacting a commutator
DE102017006277A1 (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-04 Mando Corporation POWER SUPPLY DEVICE FOR A FIELD-WINDING MOTOR AS WELL AS A FIELD-WINDING MOTOR CONTAINING THEREOF
CN108598823B (en) * 2018-04-18 2023-10-03 上海马陆日用友捷汽车电气有限公司 Brush holder assembly component
CN109560653A (en) * 2018-12-24 2019-04-02 贵阳万江航空机电有限公司 A kind of brush box and its fit structure with brush carrier ring
KR102621623B1 (en) 2023-02-01 2024-01-08 한전케이피에스 주식회사 Generator brush current sharing improvement device
KR102555393B1 (en) 2023-04-14 2023-07-13 한전케이피에스 주식회사 Brush Contact Surface Automatic Grinding Machine

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DE560231C (en) * 1932-09-29 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Brush holder for electrical machines in which the brush contact pressure is kept constant regardless of the brush wear
FR857613A (en) 1938-07-11 1940-09-21 Siemens Planiawerke Ag Fu R Ko Dynamo brush
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101072149B1 (en) 2011-10-10
WO2005074079A1 (en) 2005-08-11
DE102004004275A1 (en) 2005-08-18
ES2288294T3 (en) 2008-01-01
EP1711985A1 (en) 2006-10-18
DE502005000943D1 (en) 2007-08-09
CN100449886C (en) 2009-01-07
KR20060117993A (en) 2006-11-17
ATE365990T1 (en) 2007-07-15
US20090021103A1 (en) 2009-01-22
CN1918755A (en) 2007-02-21
US7671507B2 (en) 2010-03-02

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