EP1710813A1 - Bistable electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Bistable electromagnetic actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1710813A1
EP1710813A1 EP05113066A EP05113066A EP1710813A1 EP 1710813 A1 EP1710813 A1 EP 1710813A1 EP 05113066 A EP05113066 A EP 05113066A EP 05113066 A EP05113066 A EP 05113066A EP 1710813 A1 EP1710813 A1 EP 1710813A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
permanent magnet
sliding
electromagnetic actuator
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05113066A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1710813B1 (en
Inventor
Kanchan Gupta
Marc Bonjean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Energy France SAS
Original Assignee
Areva T&D SAS
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Publication of EP1710813A1 publication Critical patent/EP1710813A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1710813B1 publication Critical patent/EP1710813B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6662—Operating arrangements using bistable electromagnetic actuators, e.g. linear polarised electromagnetic actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the subject of this invention is a bistable electromagnetic actuator for controlling an electrical apparatus that can be a vacuum interrupter.
  • Bistable electromagnetic actuators generally comprise a sliding actuating rod, at least one inductor winding exerting a force which displaces the rod, at least one permanent magnet for maintaining the rod at a stable position and an electromagnetic carcass surrounding the winding and the magnet permanent, but crossed by the stem, where the lines of the magnetic fields are closed.
  • the prior art comprises a large number of these actuators, some examples of which are described in patents WO 03/030188 and EP 0 883 146.
  • the main object of the invention is to remedy this defect and to allow a direct connection by an articulation between the actuating rod and the means, such as a rotary lever, which it controls.
  • the essential characteristic of the invention is that an angular oscillation of the actuating rod is tolerated around an axis, the magnetic means and in particular the permanent magnets tending to straighten it in the stable states of the actuator, as well as during the movement of the actuating rod.
  • the actuating rod is fitted into the magnetic casing with a clearance allowing the rod to tilt in a plane comprising a direction parallel to a face of the magnet directed towards the sliding assembly, and through which the useful flow passes . It is devoid of bearings or similar adjustments almost without play, which kept it at an invariable orientation in the known conceptions. Certain other features of the invention combine to enhance the advantages described above and to provide smooth and safe operation to the actuator.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an application of the actuator that may also relate to that of the invention.
  • a vacuum interrupter 1 slides at one end of a lever 2 rotating about an axis 3.
  • the opposite end of the lever 2 is articulated to a connecting rod 4 whose opposite end is articulated to an actuating rod 5.
  • a bistable electromagnetic actuator 6. This actuator comprises a magnetic casing 7, inductive coils 36, and permanent magnets 37 for switching the rod 5 from one state to another and ensuring the stability of its position in two states.
  • the permanent magnets 37 occupy two opposite faces of the magnetic carcass 7. Since these systems are known and can assume different aspects, no detailed description will be given here.
  • the rod 5 passes completely through the carcass 7, which supports it and guides it through a pair of bearings 8 and 9.
  • the actuator is shown in particular in FIG. 2 and bears the reference 12. It comprises a mobile assembly, including an actuating rod 13 and a plunger 14 of larger width integral and coaxial with the rod 13. It further comprises a magnetic frame-shaped frame 28 comprising two flat sides 15 and 16 upper and lower, serving abutment faces opposed to the plunger 14 stable states of the actuator and provided with openings 17 and 18 through which the rod 13 passes, and two lateral sides 20 and 21 for looping the lines of magnetic fields.
  • the openings 17 and 18 (FIG. 3) are fitted to the section of the rod 13 in the direction joining the permanent magnets 24 and 25 (or cutting their surface directed towards the sliding crew, horizontal direction in FIG.
  • the openings 17 and 18 are in the form of FIG. Elongated slots, as shown in Figure 7.
  • the permanent magnets 24 and 25 dishes are located on either side of the side surfaces 39 and 40 of the plunger 14 at median heights of the lateral sides 20 and 21. They can be alloy neodymium-iron-boron.
  • the carcass 28 is composed of two symmetrical halves 29 and 30 whose section is close to that of an E, and whose structure is laminated in the thickness in a conventional manner, in order to limit the magnetic leaks.
  • Bolts 31 maintain the assembly of the sheets.
  • the carcass 28 also comprises two electromagnetic coils 32 and 33 surrounding the plunger 14 and the first of which is responsible for closing the circuit of the vacuum interrupter 1 or of another electrical device controlled by the actuator, and the other is responsible for opening this circuit.
  • the plunger 14 extends over part of the height of the recess 34 formed in the carcass 28. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which represent the actuator with two stable states of closure and opening of the circuit, the plunger 14 is supported on one end 15 or the other 16 of the carcass 28 and closes magnetic circuits passing through the end 15 or 16 in question and the permanent magnets 24 and 25.
  • the corresponding magnetic fields produced by the permanent magnets 24 and 25 are sufficient to maintain the stability of the actuator in the absence of excitation in the inductor windings 32 and 33, despite a spring 35 pushing the actuating rod 13 upwards, it is to the open state of the circuit.
  • a winding excitation 32 brings the actuator from the open state to the state of closure of the circuit of the vacuum bulb 1 and an excitation of the other winding 33 brings it to the closed state in the open state.
  • the spring 35 already favoring opening, a small decrease in the holding force in the closed position is enough to cause switching in this direction and the coil 33 may be smaller than the coil 32.
  • the discharge of a capacitor across the terminals coil 32 or 33 is a safe way to produce a pulse sufficient to oppose the magnetic field that produces the magnetic holding force in the closed or open position.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an intermediate state taken by the system.
  • the actuating rod 13 is directly articulated to the lever 2, without the intermediary of a connecting rod 4: it is thus moved horizontally in the plane of FIG. 6, during the movement between the two extreme states.
  • the plunger 14 can move between the extreme positions while oscillating in the plane of the permanent magnets 24 and 25 without sticking to one of them, which would result in considerably increase the friction.
  • the plunger 14 can oscillate at an angle sufficient to allow lateral movement of the actuating rod.
  • the oscillation plane of the actuating rod 13 is parallel to the larger faces of the magnets (traversed by the useful flow and covered by platelets 26 and 27). No significant wear occurs because the diver does not stick to one of the magnets.
  • the permanent magnets 24 and 25 straighten the plunger 14 and the actuating rod 13 and the magnetic forces they produce which tend to maximize the magnetic flux.
  • a correct and stable position of the sliding crew is automatically maintained at each switching, which eliminates premature damage to the actuator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The actuator has a plunger (14) integrated and coaxial to an actuating rod (13). The rod is adjusted in a magnetic field frame (28) with less gap providing a mechanical guiding in one direction to prevent the plunger from sticking on one of two permanent magnets (24, 25). The rod is adjusted in the frame with a large gap in another direction, passing before the surfaces of the magnets in order to tilt the rod.

Description

Le sujet de cette invention est un actionneur électromagnétique bistable, destiné à commander un appareil électrique pouvant être une ampoule à vide.The subject of this invention is a bistable electromagnetic actuator for controlling an electrical apparatus that can be a vacuum interrupter.

Les actionneurs électromagnétiques bistables comprennent généralement une tige d'actionnement coulissante, au moins un bobinage inducteur exerçant une force qui déplace la tige, au moins un aimant permanent pour maintenir la tige à une position stable et une carcasse électromagnétique entourant le bobinage et l'aimant permanent, mais traversée par la tige, où se ferment les lignes des champs magnétiques. L'art antérieur comprend un bon nombre de ces actionneurs, dont certains exemples sont décrits dans les brevets WO 03/030188 et EP 0 883 146.Bistable electromagnetic actuators generally comprise a sliding actuating rod, at least one inductor winding exerting a force which displaces the rod, at least one permanent magnet for maintaining the rod at a stable position and an electromagnetic carcass surrounding the winding and the magnet permanent, but crossed by the stem, where the lines of the magnetic fields are closed. The prior art comprises a large number of these actuators, some examples of which are described in patents WO 03/030188 and EP 0 883 146.

Un problème auquel sont sujets ces actionneurs apparaît dans le cas fréquent où la tige déplace un levier tournant. La tige tire et pousse sur une extrémité du levier dans une direction perpendiculaire au levier. Comme le mouvement possède une course qui n'est pas négligeable, l'extrémité du levier soumise à un mouvement en arc de cercle se déplace aussi latéralement à la tige coulissante. Un dispositif intermédiaire de liaison tel qu'une bielle est nécessaire pour absorber ce mouvement latéral et éviter un coincement ou un dommage de l'actionneur.A problem to which these actuators are subject appears in the frequent case where the rod moves a rotating lever. The rod pulls and pushes on one end of the lever in a direction perpendicular to the lever. As the movement has a stroke that is not negligible, the end of the lever subjected to an arcuate movement also moves laterally to the sliding rod. An intermediate connecting device such as a connecting rod is necessary to absorb this lateral movement and prevent jamming or damage to the actuator.

L'objet principal de l'invention est de remédier à ce défaut et de permettre une liaison directe par une articulation entre la tige d'actionnement et le moyen, tel qu'un levier rotatif, qu'elle commande.The main object of the invention is to remedy this defect and to allow a direct connection by an articulation between the actuating rod and the means, such as a rotary lever, which it controls.

La caractéristique essentielle de l'invention est qu'une oscillation angulaire de la tige d'actionnement est tolérée autour d'un axe, les moyens magnétiques et notamment les aimants permanents tendant à la redresser dans les états stable de l'actionneur, ainsi que pendant le mouvement de la tige d'actionnement.The essential characteristic of the invention is that an angular oscillation of the actuating rod is tolerated around an axis, the magnetic means and in particular the permanent magnets tending to straighten it in the stable states of the actuator, as well as during the movement of the actuating rod.

Plus précisément, la tige d'actionnement est ajustée dans la carcasse magnétique avec un jeu permettant un basculement de la tige dans un plan comprenant une direction parallèle à une face de l'aimant dirigée vers l'équipage coulissant, et que traverse le flux utile. Elle est dépourvue de paliers ou d'ajustements analogues presque sans jeu, qui la maintenaient à une orientation invariable dans les conceptions connues. Certaines autres caractéristiques de l'invention concourent à renforcer les avantages décrits plus haut et à procurer un fonctionnement souple et sûr à l'actionneur.More specifically, the actuating rod is fitted into the magnetic casing with a clearance allowing the rod to tilt in a plane comprising a direction parallel to a face of the magnet directed towards the sliding assembly, and through which the useful flow passes . It is devoid of bearings or similar adjustments almost without play, which kept it at an invariable orientation in the known conceptions. Certain other features of the invention combine to enhance the advantages described above and to provide smooth and safe operation to the actuator.

On va maintenant décrire en détail une réalisation particulière de l'invention au moyen des figures suivantes :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale d'un actionneur conforme à l'art antérieur,
  • et les autres figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7 illustrent l'invention et son fonctionnement.
A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail by means of the following figures:
  • FIG. 1 is a general view of an actuator according to the prior art,
  • and the other Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate the invention and its operation.

La figure 1 illustre une application de l'actionneur pouvant aussi concerner celui de l'invention. Une ampoule à vide 1 coulisse à une extrémité d'un levier 2 tournant autour d'un axe 3. L'extrémité opposée du levier 2 est articulée à une bielle 4 dont l'extrémité opposée est articulée à une tige d'actionnement 5 d'un actionneur électromagnétique bistable 6. Cet actionneur comprend une carcasse magnétique 7, des bobinages inducteurs 36, et des aimants permanents 37 pour commuter la tige 5 d'un état à un autre et assurer la stabilité de sa position en deux états. Les aimants permanents 37 occupent deux faces opposées de la carcasse magnétique 7. Comme ces systèmes sont connus et peuvent prendre des aspects différents, on n'en donnera pas de description détaillée ici. La tige 5 traverse complètement la carcasse 7, qui la soutient et la guide par l'intermédiaire d'une paire de paliers 8 et 9. Quand la tige 5 est levée, une paire de contacts 10 et 11, associée à l'ampoule 1, dont l'un est mobile et entraîne par le levier 2 et l'autre est fixe, sont disjoints et le circuit électrique de l'ampoule 1 est ouvert ; quand la tige 5 est abaissée, le contact 10 s'élève et les contacts 10 et 11 se touchent et ferment le circuit. L'extrémité du levier 2 est soumise à un petit mouvement horizontal entre ces deux états, ce qui impose l'emploi de la bielle 4 ou d'une autre pièce intermédiaire pour la lier à la tige 5.FIG. 1 illustrates an application of the actuator that may also relate to that of the invention. A vacuum interrupter 1 slides at one end of a lever 2 rotating about an axis 3. The opposite end of the lever 2 is articulated to a connecting rod 4 whose opposite end is articulated to an actuating rod 5. A bistable electromagnetic actuator 6. This actuator comprises a magnetic casing 7, inductive coils 36, and permanent magnets 37 for switching the rod 5 from one state to another and ensuring the stability of its position in two states. The permanent magnets 37 occupy two opposite faces of the magnetic carcass 7. Since these systems are known and can assume different aspects, no detailed description will be given here. The rod 5 passes completely through the carcass 7, which supports it and guides it through a pair of bearings 8 and 9. When the rod 5 is raised, a pair of contacts 10 and 11, associated with the bulb 1 , one of which is mobile and driven by the lever 2 and the other is fixed, are disjoint and the electrical circuit of the bulb 1 is open; when the rod 5 is lowered, the contact 10 rises and the contacts 10 and 11 touch and close the circuit. The end of the lever 2 is subjected to a small horizontal movement between these two states, which requires the use of the rod 4 or another intermediate piece to bind to the rod 5.

On passe maintenant à la description de l'invention. L'actionneur est représenté en particulier à la figure 2 et porte la référence 12. Il comprend un équipage mobile, incluant une tige d'actionnement 13 et un plongeur 14 de plus grande largeur solidaire et coaxial à la tige 13. Il comprend encore une carcasse magnétique 28 en forme de cadre et comprenant deux côtés plats 15 et 16 supérieur et inférieur, servant de faces de butée opposées au plongeur 14 aux états stables de l'actionneur et munis d'ouvertures 17 et 18 par lesquelles passe la tige 13, et deux côtés latéraux 20 et 21 destinés à boucler les lignes de champs magnétiques. Les ouvertures 17 et 18 (figure 3) sont ajustées à la section de la tige 13 dans la direction joignant les aimants permanents 24 et 25 (ou coupant leur surface dirigée vers l'équipage coulissant, direction horizontale sur la figure 2) de façon à laisser passer la tige 13 avec peu de jeu, et à procurer un guidage mécanique empêchant que le plongeur 14 ne se colle sur un des aimants permanents 24 et 25, mais plus larges dans une direction perpendiculaire, passant devant lesdites surfaces des aimants permanents 24 et 25 ce qu'on voit mieux à la figure 3 et à la figure 6. La tige 13, ajustée avec un jeu beaucoup plus large, peut donc basculer dans cette direction perpendiculaire à la figure 2. Les ouvertures 17 et 18 sont en forme de fentes allongées, comme le montre la figure 7. Les aimants permanents 24 et 25 plats sont situés de part et d'autre de surfaces latérales 39 et 40 du plongeur 14 à hauteurs médianes des côtés latéraux 20 et 21. Ils peuvent être en alliage néodyme-fer-bore. Des plaquettes 26 et 27 de glissement, c'est-à-dire en matière à faible coefficient de frottement, sont collées sur les surfaces libres des aimants 24 et 25, opposées et que traverse le flux utile, et dirigées l'une vers l'autre. Certains polymères conviennent bien pour cet usage. Ainsi que le représente la figure 3, la carcasse 28 est composée de deux moitiés 29 et 30 symétriques dont la section est voisine de celle d'un E, et dont la structure est feuilletée dans l'épaisseur de façon classique, afin de limiter le fuites magnétiques. Des boulons 31 maintiennent l'assemblage des feuilles. La carcasse 28 comprend aussi deux bobinages électromagnétiques 32 et 33 entourant le plongeur 14 et dont le premier est chargé de la fermeture du circuit de l'ampoule à vide 1 ou d'un autre appareil électrique commandé par l'actionneur, et l'autre est chargé de l'ouverture de ce circuit.We now turn to the description of the invention. The actuator is shown in particular in FIG. 2 and bears the reference 12. It comprises a mobile assembly, including an actuating rod 13 and a plunger 14 of larger width integral and coaxial with the rod 13. It further comprises a magnetic frame-shaped frame 28 comprising two flat sides 15 and 16 upper and lower, serving abutment faces opposed to the plunger 14 stable states of the actuator and provided with openings 17 and 18 through which the rod 13 passes, and two lateral sides 20 and 21 for looping the lines of magnetic fields. The openings 17 and 18 (FIG. 3) are fitted to the section of the rod 13 in the direction joining the permanent magnets 24 and 25 (or cutting their surface directed towards the sliding crew, horizontal direction in FIG. 2) so as to passing the rod 13 with little play, and to provide a mechanical guidance preventing the plunger 14 from sticking to one of the permanent magnets 24 and 25, but wider in a perpendicular direction, passing in front of said surfaces of the permanent magnets 24 and 25, which is adjusted with a much wider clearance, can thus swing in this direction perpendicular to FIG. 2. The openings 17 and 18 are in the form of FIG. Elongated slots, as shown in Figure 7. The permanent magnets 24 and 25 dishes are located on either side of the side surfaces 39 and 40 of the plunger 14 at median heights of the lateral sides 20 and 21. They can be alloy neodymium-iron-boron. Glide pads 26 and 27, that is to say of low friction material, are bonded to the free surfaces of the magnets 24 and 25, opposite and through the useful flow, and directed towards one another. Some polymers are well suited for this purpose. As shown in FIG. 3, the carcass 28 is composed of two symmetrical halves 29 and 30 whose section is close to that of an E, and whose structure is laminated in the thickness in a conventional manner, in order to limit the magnetic leaks. Bolts 31 maintain the assembly of the sheets. The carcass 28 also comprises two electromagnetic coils 32 and 33 surrounding the plunger 14 and the first of which is responsible for closing the circuit of the vacuum interrupter 1 or of another electrical device controlled by the actuator, and the other is responsible for opening this circuit.

Le plongeur 14 s'étend sur une partie de la hauteur de l'évidement 34 formé dans la carcasse 28. Ainsi qu'il apparaît aux figures 4 et 5, qui représentent l'actionneur aux deux états stables de fermeture et d'ouverture du circuit, le plongeur 14 s'appuie sur un côté extrême 15 ou l'autre 16 de la carcasse 28 et ferme des circuits magnétiques passant par le côté extrême 15 ou 16 en question et les aimants permanents 24 et 25. Les champs magnétiques correspondants produits par les aimants permanents 24 et 25 sont suffisants pour maintenir la stabilité de l'actionneur en l'absence d'excitation dans les bobinages inducteurs 32 et 33, malgré un ressort 35 repoussant la tige d'actionnement 13 vers le haut, c'est-à-dire vers l'état ouvert du circuit.The plunger 14 extends over part of the height of the recess 34 formed in the carcass 28. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, which represent the actuator with two stable states of closure and opening of the circuit, the plunger 14 is supported on one end 15 or the other 16 of the carcass 28 and closes magnetic circuits passing through the end 15 or 16 in question and the permanent magnets 24 and 25. The corresponding magnetic fields produced by the permanent magnets 24 and 25 are sufficient to maintain the stability of the actuator in the absence of excitation in the inductor windings 32 and 33, despite a spring 35 pushing the actuating rod 13 upwards, it is to the open state of the circuit.

Une excitation de bobinage 32 amène l'actionneur de l'état d'ouverture à l'état de fermeture du circuit de l'ampoule à vide 1 et une excitation de l'autre bobinage 33 l'amène à l'état de fermeture à l'état d'ouverture. Le ressort 35 favorisant déjà l'ouverture, une faible diminution de la force de maintien en position fermée suffit à provoquer la commutation dans ce sens et le bobinage 33 peut être plus petit que le bobinage 32. La décharge d'un condensateur aux bornes du bobinage 32 ou 33 est un moyen sûr pour produire une impulsion suffisant à s'opposer au champ magnétique qui produit la force de maintien magnétique en position fermée ou ouverte.A winding excitation 32 brings the actuator from the open state to the state of closure of the circuit of the vacuum bulb 1 and an excitation of the other winding 33 brings it to the closed state in the open state. The spring 35 already favoring opening, a small decrease in the holding force in the closed position is enough to cause switching in this direction and the coil 33 may be smaller than the coil 32. The discharge of a capacitor across the terminals coil 32 or 33 is a safe way to produce a pulse sufficient to oppose the magnetic field that produces the magnetic holding force in the closed or open position.

La figure 6 illustre un état intermédiaire pris par le système. La tige d'actionnement 13 est directement articulée au levier 2, sans l'entremise d'une bielle 4 : elle est donc déplacée horizontalement dans le plan de la figure 6, lors du mouvement entre les deux états extrêmes. Comme le plongeur 14 est, par rapport aux évidements 17 et 18 de la carcasse magnétique 28, libre dans cette direction horizontale, mais est ajusté dans la direction perpendiculaire au plan de la figure, ce plongeur 14 peut se déplacer entre les positions extrêmes tout en oscillant dans le plan des aimants permanents 24 et 25 sans se coller sur l'un d'eux, ce qui aurait comme conséquence d'accroître considérablement les frottements. Dans l'invention et contrairement à ce qui était possible pour l'art antérieur de la figure 1, le plongeur 14 peut osciller d'un angle suffisant pour permettre le mouvement latéral de la tige d'actionnement. Le plan d'oscillation de la tige d'actionnement 13 est parallèle aux plus grandes faces des aimants (traversées par le flux utile et couvertes par les plaquettes 26 et 27). Aucune usure importante ne se produit car le plongeur ne colle pas sur l'un des aimants. Pendant la manoeuvre, les aimants permanents 24 et 25 redressent le plongeur 14 et la tige d'actionnement 13 et les forces magnétique qu'ils produisent et qui tendent à maximiser le flux magnétique. Une position correcte et stable de l'équipage coulissant est maintenue automatiquement lors de chaque commutation, ce qui écarte les dommages prématurés de l'actionneur.Figure 6 illustrates an intermediate state taken by the system. The actuating rod 13 is directly articulated to the lever 2, without the intermediary of a connecting rod 4: it is thus moved horizontally in the plane of FIG. 6, during the movement between the two extreme states. As the plunger 14 is, relative to the recesses 17 and 18 of the magnetic casing 28, free in this horizontal direction, but is adjusted in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the figure, this plunger 14 can move between the extreme positions while oscillating in the plane of the permanent magnets 24 and 25 without sticking to one of them, which would result in considerably increase the friction. In the invention and contrary to what was possible for the prior art of Figure 1, the plunger 14 can oscillate at an angle sufficient to allow lateral movement of the actuating rod. The oscillation plane of the actuating rod 13 is parallel to the larger faces of the magnets (traversed by the useful flow and covered by platelets 26 and 27). No significant wear occurs because the diver does not stick to one of the magnets. During the maneuver, the permanent magnets 24 and 25 straighten the plunger 14 and the actuating rod 13 and the magnetic forces they produce which tend to maximize the magnetic flux. A correct and stable position of the sliding crew is automatically maintained at each switching, which eliminates premature damage to the actuator.

Claims (5)

Actionneur électromagnétique bistable de commande d'un appareil électrique, comprenant un équipage coulissant incluant une tige (13) d'actionnement, au moins un aimant permanent (24, 25), au moins un bobinage inducteur (32, 33), une carcasse magnétique (28) que traverse la tige d'actionnement et qui contient l'aimant permanent et le bobinage inducteur, le bobinage inducteur entourant l'équipage coulissant et l'aimant permanent étant à côté de l'équipage coulissant, la tige (13) étant ajustée dans la carcasse magnétique (28) avec un jeu procurant un guidage mécanique dans une première direction, coupant une surface de l'aimant permanent dirigée vers l'équipage coulissant, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un levier de commande (2) entraîné par la tige (13), tournant autour d'un axe de rotation (3) et articulé directement à la tige d'actionnement, et en ce que la tige est ajustée dans la carcasse magnétique avec un jeu large dans une seconde direction, perpendiculaire à la première direction et passant devant ladite surface de l'aimant permanent de façon à permettre un basculement de la tige.Bistable electromagnetic actuator for controlling an electrical apparatus, comprising a sliding unit including an actuating rod (13), at least one permanent magnet (24, 25), at least one inductor coil (32, 33), a magnetic carcass (28) which traverses the actuating rod and which contains the permanent magnet and the inductor winding, the inductor winding surrounding the sliding gear and the permanent magnet being adjacent to the sliding gear, the rod (13) being fitted into the magnetic casing (28) with a clearance providing mechanical guidance in a first direction, cutting a surface of the permanent magnet directed towards the sliding assembly, characterized in that it comprises a driven control lever (2) by the rod (13), rotating about an axis of rotation (3) and articulated directly to the actuating rod, and in that the rod is fitted in the magnetic carcass with a wide play in a second direction, perpendicular in the first direction and passing in front of said surface of the permanent magnet so as to allow tilting of the rod. Actionneur électromagnétique bistable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la carcasse magnétique (28) comporte des faces extrêmes (15, 16) traversées par des ouvertures (17, 18) de passage de la tige (13) plus allongées dans la seconde direction que dans la première direction.Bistable electromagnetic actuator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic casing (28) has end faces (15, 16) with longer elongate passage openings (17, 18) in the second direction. only in the first direction. Actionneur électromagnétique bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface de l'aimant permanent porte des plaquettes de glissement (26, 27) de l'équipage coulissant.Bistable electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said surface of the permanent magnet carries sliding plates (26, 27) of the sliding equipment. Actionneur électromagnétique bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la carcasse est composée de deux moitiés assemblées, chacune des moitiés (29, 30) portant un aimant permanent plat.A bistable electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carcass is composed of two assembled halves, each of the halves (29, 30) carrying a flat permanent magnet. Actionneur électromagnétique bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux bobinages inducteurs disposés de façon à renforcer ou diminuer les efforts magnétiques produits par les aimants permanents sur l'équipage coulissant, et un ressort (35) de rappel de l'équipage coulissant coopérant avec celui des bobinages (33) qui diminue l'effort.Bistable electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises two inductor coils arranged to reinforce or reduce the magnetic forces produced by the permanent magnets on the sliding equipment, and a spring (35). ) reminder of the sliding member cooperating with that of the coils (33) which reduces the effort.
EP05113066A 2004-12-30 2005-12-29 Bistable electromagnetic actuator Not-in-force EP1710813B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0453262A FR2880466B1 (en) 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 BISTABLE ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR

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EP1710813A1 true EP1710813A1 (en) 2006-10-11
EP1710813B1 EP1710813B1 (en) 2011-02-09

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EP05113066A Not-in-force EP1710813B1 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-12-29 Bistable electromagnetic actuator

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CN (1) CN1819076B (en)
AT (1) ATE498186T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005026253D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2880466B1 (en)

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KR101045167B1 (en) * 2008-12-31 2011-06-30 엘에스산전 주식회사 Cylinder type bistable permenent magnetic actuator using laminated steel core
CN103560052B (en) * 2013-10-24 2016-01-27 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of underlying annular permanent magnet magnetic circuit for direct drive type electro magnetic system
DE102017000901A1 (en) * 2017-02-01 2018-08-02 Rhefor Gbr (Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Arno Mecklenburg, 10999 Berlin) Bistable solenoid
CN107452520A (en) * 2017-07-11 2017-12-08 刘世峰 Utilize the bistable state fast driving device of compound electric magnetic force

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CN100530467C (en) * 2007-08-20 2009-08-19 北京交通大学 Monostable self-locking type air gas variable permanent magnet operation device
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CN103474287A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-25 北京交通大学 Double-acting iron core permanent magnet operating mechanism
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE498186T1 (en) 2011-02-15
FR2880466B1 (en) 2007-02-09
EP1710813B1 (en) 2011-02-09
CN1819076A (en) 2006-08-16
DE602005026253D1 (en) 2011-03-24
FR2880466A1 (en) 2006-07-07
CN1819076B (en) 2010-05-26

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