EP1707913B1 - Keramisches Panzerelement für Panzerung - Google Patents

Keramisches Panzerelement für Panzerung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1707913B1
EP1707913B1 EP20060250310 EP06250310A EP1707913B1 EP 1707913 B1 EP1707913 B1 EP 1707913B1 EP 20060250310 EP20060250310 EP 20060250310 EP 06250310 A EP06250310 A EP 06250310A EP 1707913 B1 EP1707913 B1 EP 1707913B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pellets
pellet
composite armor
cylindrical
projections
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1707913A1 (de
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Michael Cohen
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Individual
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Priority claimed from IL168029A external-priority patent/IL168029A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ceramic body for deployment in a composite armor panel, for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from projectiles and to ballistic armor panels incorporating the same. More particularly, the invention relates to improved ceramic bodies for use in armored plates for providing ballistic protection for light and heavy mobile equipment and for vehicles against high-velocity, armor-piercing projectiles or fragments as well as from soft nosed projectiles.
  • the present invention is a modification of the inventions described in US Patents 5,763,813 ; 5,972,819 ; 6,289,781 ; 6,112,635 ; 6,203,908 ; and 6,408,734 and in WO-A-9815796 the relevant teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a composite armor material for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles comprising a panel consisting essentially of a single internal layer of high density ceramic pellets said pellets having an Al 2 O 3 content of at least 93% and a specific gravity of at least 2.5 and retained in panel form by a solidified material which is elastic at a temperature below 250°C ; the majority of said pellets each having a part of a major axis of a length of in the range of about 3-12mm, and being bound by said solidified material in plurality of superposed rows, wherein a majority of each of said pellets is in contact with at least 4 adjacent pellets, the weight of said panel does not exceed 45kg/m 2 .
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, said plate consisting essentially of a single internal layer of high density ceramic pellets which are directly bound and retained in plate form by a solidified material such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of adjacent rows, wherein the pellets have an Al 2 O 3 content of at least 93% and a specific gravity of at least 2.5, the majority of the pellets each have at least one axis of at least 12 mm length said one axis of substantially all of said pellets being in substantial parallel orientation with each other and substantially perpendicular to an adjacent surface of said plate and wherein a majority of each of said pellets is in direct contact with 6 adjacent pellets, and said solidified material and said plate are elastic.
  • a ceramic body for deployment in a composite armor panel said body being substantially cylindrical in shape, with at least one convexly curved end face, wherein the ratio D/R between the diameter D of said cylindrical body and the radius R of curvature of said at least one convexly curved end face is at least 0.64:1.
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity projectiles, said plate comprising a single internal layer of pellets which are directly bound and retained in plate form by a solidified material such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of adjacent rows, characterized in that the pellets have a specific gravity of at least 2 and are made of a material selected from the group consisting of glass, sintered refractory material, ceramic material which does not contain aluminum oxide and ceramic material having an aluminum oxide content of not more than 80%, the majority of the pellets each have at least one axis of at least 3 mm length and are bound by said solidified material in said single internal layer of adjacent rows such that each of a majority of said pellets is in direct contact with at least six adjacent pellets in the same layer to provide mutual lateral confinement therebetween, said pellets each have a substantially regular geometric form and said solidified material and said plate are elastic.
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, as well as from soft-nosed projectiles, said plate comprising a single internal layer of high density ceramic pellets, characterized in that said pellets are arranged in a single layer of adjacent rows and columns, wherein a majority of each of said pellets is in direct contact with at least four adjacent pellets and each of said pellets are substantially cylindrical in shape with at least one convexly-curved end face, further characterized in that spaces formed between said adjacent cylindrical pellets are filled with a material for preventing the flow of soft metal from impacting projectiles through said spaces, said material being in the form of a triangular insert having concave sides complimentary to the convex curvature of the sides of three adjacent cylindrical pellets, or being integrally formed as part of a special interstices-filling pellet, said pellet being in the form of a six sided star with concave sides complimentary to the convex
  • an incoming projectile may contact the pellet array in one of three ways:
  • the first consideration is weight.
  • Protective armor for heavy but mobile military equipment such as tanks and large ships, is known.
  • Such armor usually comprises a thick layer of alloy steel, which is intended to provide protection against heavy and explosive projectiles.
  • reduction of weight of armor, even in heavy equipment is an advantage since it reduces the strain on all the components of the vehicle.
  • such armor is quite unsuitable for light vehicles such as automobiles, jeeps, light boats, or aircraft, whose performance is compromised by steel panels having a thickness of more than a few millimeters, since each millimeter of steel adds a weight factor of 7.8 kg/m 2 .
  • Armor for light vehicles is expected to prevent penetration of bullets of any type, even when impacting at a speed in the range of 700 to 1000 meters per second.
  • Due to weight constraints it is difficult to protect light vehicles from high caliber armor-piercing projectiles, e.g. of 12.7 and 14.5 mm and above, since the weight of standard armor to withstand such projectile is such as to impede the mobility and performance of such vehicles.
  • a second consideration is cost. Overly complex armor arrangements, particularly those depending entirely on composite materials, can be responsible for a notable proportion of the total vehicle cost, and can make its manufacture non-profitable.
  • a third consideration in armor design is compactness.
  • a thick armor panel including air spaces between its various layers, increases the target profile of the vehicle.
  • a fourth consideration relates to ceramic plates used for personal and light vehicle armor, which plates have been found to be vulnerable to damage from mechanical impacts caused by rocks, falls, etc.
  • the preferred embodiments are pellets having a cylindrical body and at least one convexly curved end face and the especially preferred embodiment is that described in US Patent 5,972,819 wherein the body is substantially cylindrical in shape with at least one convexly curved end face, and preferably two identical convexly curved end faces, wherein the ratio D/R between the diameter D of said cylindrical body and the radius R of curvature of said convexly curved end faces is at least 0.64:1.
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, as well as from soft-nosed projectiles, said plate comprising a single internal layer of pellets which are bound and retained in plate form by an elastic material, substantially internally within said elastic material, such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of rows and columns providing mutual lateral support, said pellets being made of ceramic material, wherein a majority of each of said pellets is substantially in contact with at least three adjacent pellets and at least a majority of said pellets are substantially cylindrical in shape with at least one convexly-curved end face, further characterized in that spaces formed between said adjacent cylindrical pellets are only partially filled with a material for preventing the flow of soft metal from impacting projectiles through said spaces, said flow-preventing material being in the form of an insert which is in contact with at most only one of the sides of three adjacent cylindrical pellets, or being integrally formed as part of a special insert pellet, said insert pellet being in
  • said inserts can be made of any suitable material.
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, as well as from soft-nosed projectiles, said plate comprising a single internal layer of pellets which are bound and retained in plate form by an elastic material, substantially internally within said elastic material, such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of rows and columns providing mutual lateral support, said pellets being made of ceramic material, , wherein a majority of each of said pellets is substantially in contact with at least three adjacent pellets and at least a majority of said pellets are substantially cylindrical in shape with at least one convexly-curved end face, further characterized in that spaces formed between said adjacent cylindrical pellets are only partially filled with a material for preventing the flow of soft metal from impacting projectiles through said spaces, said flow-preventing material being integrally formed as part of a special insert pellet, said insert pellet being in the form of a cylinder provided with projections extending only partially into the spaces formed between the sides of six
  • a composite armor plate as defined above, wherein said projections are in the form of lateral protrusions from substantially vertical surfaces of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet said protrusions being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas of said insert pellet.
  • the height of said projections is less than the height of the cylindrical bodies from which they project.
  • said projections are provided with substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces.
  • said projections are substantially in the form of outwardly tapered triangular prisms.
  • an insert pellet for use in a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, as well as from soft-nosed projectiles said insert pellet being in the form of a cylinder provided with projections in the form of lateral protrusions from substantially vertical surfaces of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet said protrusions being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas of said insert pellet.
  • the function of said preferred insert pellet having lateral protrusions on its vertical surfaces is to help stop, slow, arrest or otherwise degrade the effectiveness of projectiles with small diameters such as are use in the SS109 bullet, which might impact in an area found in the intersection between 3 ceramic bodies of a ceramic plate, as described hereinbefore.
  • This function of the insert pellet having lateral protrusions on its vertical surface in stopping, arresting, slowing or otherwise degrading the effectiveness of projectiles is also to reduce damage to backing layers used with composite armor plates in which these insert pellets are incorporated, and as result allows for a reduction in the thickness of the backing material.
  • an insert pellet for use in a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity, armor-piercing projectiles, as well as from soft-nosed projectiles, said plate being of the type comprising a single internal layer of pellets which are bound and retained in plate form by an elastic material, substantially internally within said elastic material, such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of rows and columns providing mutual lateral support, said pellets being made of ceramic material, wherein a majority of each of said pellets is substantially in contact with at least three adjacent pellets and at least a majority of said pellets are substantially cylindrical in shape with at least one convexly-curved end face, said insert pellet being in the form of a cylinder provided with projections in the form of lateral protrusions from substantially vertical surfaces of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet said protrusions being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas of said insert pellet.
  • the height of the lateral protrusions along the vertical surface of the ceramic body from which they depend can be from 10-100% of the vertical axis.
  • said protrusions do not completely fill the space found in the intersection between 3 ceramic bodies, but can function in the same way without touching any of the adjacent pellets.
  • an insert pellet as defined above wherein the height of said projections is less than the height of the cylindrical body from which they project.
  • an insert pellet as defined above, wherein said projections are provided with substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces.
  • the insert pellets of the present invention can also be used in conjunction with the ceramic bodies described and claimed in Israel Patent Application 158,237 which pellets are defined as being made of a ceramic material and being characterized by a substantially regular geometric cross-sectional area, said cross-sectional area being substantially polygonal with rounded corners.
  • the insert pellets of the present invention can be used in conjunction with the ceramic plates and panels described and claimed in Israel Patent Application 166,147 which plates are defined as having a plurality of convexly curved upper surface areas wherein the curvature of 3 of such curved surfaces converged together to form a valley bounded only by said 3 surfaces.
  • the insert pellets of the present invention can be used in conjunction with pellets of any geometric shape which when placed side by side in a composite armor plate have substantially through-going spaces at the juncture of valley contact between the pellets.
  • the term "elasticity" as used herein relates to the fact that the plates according to the present invention are bent when a load is applied thereto however upon release of said load the plate tends to return to its original shape, or close to its original shape.
  • the cylindrical pellets of the present invention are defined as being substantially in contact with at least three adjacent pellets, it is known that a ceramic body which has been pressed, by it's nature, has an external surface area which is not smooth and has lack of consistency in its diameter along the main axis, and it is because of this that when casting the panel with the solidified material, the casting material(s) (resin, molten alumina, epoxy, and so on) seeps into spaces between the ceramic bodies (for instance, cylinders and spheres and so on), including the very small spaces found between the walls of two or more adjoining cylinders, forming a natural retaining substance in which the ceramic bodies are confined. Thus even when the ceramic bodies are closely packed, the casting material will at least partially penetrate between them.
  • the ceramic bodies for instance, cylinders and spheres and so on
  • the casting material of the plate is a liquefied solid material
  • the panel shows a honey-combed shaped casting, which at least partially encloses the ceramic bodies. Since this is the case, it is possible also to first cast such a partial honeycomb-like shape and then to place the special insert pellets and the other pellets in the proper configuration therein as seen with reference to appended Figures 6 and 7 .
  • the armor plates described in EP-A-0843149 and European Patent Application 98301769.0 are made using ceramic pellets made substantially entirely of aluminum oxide.
  • the ceramic bodies are of substantially cylindrical shape having at least one convexly-curved end-face, and are preferably made of aluminum oxide.
  • the improved properties of the plates described in the earlier patent applications of this series is as much a function of the configuration of the pellets, which are of regular geometric form with at least one convexly-curved end face (for example, the pellets may be spherical or ovoidal, or of regular geometric cross-section, such as hexagonal, with at least one convexly-curved end face), said panels and their arrangement as a single internal layer of pellets bound by an elastic solidified material, wherein each of a majority of said pellets is in direct contact with at least four adjacent pellets and said curved end face of each pellet is oriented to substantially face in the direction of an outer impact-receiving major surface of the plate.
  • composite armor plates superior to those available in the prior art can be manufactured using pellets made of sintered refractory materials or ceramic materials having a specific gravity below that of aluminum oxide, e.g., boron carbide with a specific gravity of 2.45, silicon carbide with a specific gravity of 3.2 and silicon aluminum oxynitride with a specific gravity of about 3.2.
  • sintered oxides, nitrides, carbides and borides of magnesium, zirconium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium and silica can be used.
  • the present invention relates to a ceramic body as defined for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity armor piercing projectiles, wherein said body is made of a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, boron carbide, boron nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, silicon aluminum oxynitride and mixtures thereof.
  • said pellets each have a major axis and said pellets are arranged with their major axes substantially parallel to each other and oriented substantially perpendicularly relative to said outer impact-receiving major surface of said panel.
  • a composite armor plate as herein defined, wherein a majority of said pellets have at least one convexly-curved end face oriented to substantially face in the direction of an outer impact receiving major surface of said plate.
  • the solidified material can be any suitable material, such as aluminum, a thermoplastic polymer such as polycarbonate, or a thermoset plastic such as epoxy or polyurethane.
  • the composite armor plate according to the present invention can be used in conjunction with and as an addition to the standard steel plates provided on armored vehicles or as add on armor for armored vehicles having aluminum or titanium containing rigid surfaces, as well as in conjunction with the laminated armor described and claimed in US Patent 6,497,966 the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a multilayered armor panel comprising an outer, impact-receiving layer formed by a composite armor plate as hereinbefore defined for deforming and shattering an impacting high velocity projectile; and an inner layer adjacent to said outer layer and, comprising a ballistic material for absorbing the remaining kinetic energy from said fragments.
  • Said ballistic material will be chosen according to cost and weight considerations and can be made of any suitable material such as Dyneema, Kevlar, aluminum, steel, titanium, or S2.
  • composite armor plate comprising a mass of spherical ceramic balls distributed in an aluminum alloy matrix is known in the prior art.
  • such prior art composite armor plate suffers from one or more serious disadvantages, making it difficult to manufacture and less than entirely suitable for the purpose of defeating metal projectiles.
  • the ceramic balls are coated with a binder material containing ceramic particles, the coating having a thickness of between 0.76 and 1.5 mm and being provided to help protect the ceramic cores from damage due to thermal shock when pouring the molten matrix material during manufacture of the plate.
  • the coating serves to separate the harder ceramic cores of the balls from each other, and will act to dampen the moment of energy which is transferred and hence shared between the balls in response to an impact from a bullet or other projectile. Because of this and also because the material of the coating is inherently less hard than that of the ceramic cores, the stopping power of a plate constructed as described in said patent is not as good, weight for weight, as that of a plate in accordance with the present invention.
  • U.S. Patent 3,705,558 discloses a lightweight armor plate comprising a layer of ceramic balls.
  • the ceramic balls are in contact with each other and leave small gaps for entry of molten metal.
  • the ceramic balls are encased in a stainless steel wire screen; and in another embodiment, the composite armor is manufactured by adhering nickel-coated alumina spheres to an aluminum alloy plate by means of a polysulfide adhesive.
  • a composite armor plate as described in this patent is difficult to manufacture because the ceramic spheres may be damaged by thermal shock arising from molten metal contact. The ceramic spheres are also sometimes displaced during casting of molten metal into interstices between the spheres.
  • U.S. Patents 4,534,266 and 4,945,814 propose a network of interlinked metal shells to encase ceramic inserts during casting of molten metal. After the metal solidifies, the metal shells are incorporated into the composite armor. It has been determined, however, that such a network of interlinked metal shells substantially increases the overall weight of the armored panel and decreases the stopping power thereof.
  • U.S. Patent 3,705,558 suggests and teaches an array of ceramic balls disposed in contacting pyramidal relationship, which arrangement also substantially increases the overall weight of the armored panel and decreases the stopping power thereof, due to a billiard-like effect upon impact.
  • said pellets do not necessarily have to be completely covered on both sides by said solidified material, and the term internal layer as used herein is intended to denote that the pellets are either completely or almost completely covered by said solidified material, wherein outer face surfaces of the plate are formed from the solidified material, the plate having an outer impact receiving face, at which face each pellet is either covered by the solidified material, touches said solidified material which forms surfaces of said outer impact receiving face or, not being completely covered by said solidified material which constitutes surfaces of said outer impact receiving face, bulges therefrom, the solidified material and hence the plate being elastic.
  • a composite armor plate for absorbing and dissipating kinetic energy from high velocity projectiles, said plate comprising a single internal layer of pellets which are directly bound and retained in plate form by a solidified material such that the pellets are bound in a plurality of adjacent rows, said pellets having a specific gravity of at least 2 and being made of a material selected from the group consisting of glass, sintered refractory material and ceramic material, the majority of the pellets each having at least one axis of at least 3 mm length and being bound by said solidified material in said single internal layer of adjacent rows such that each of a majority of said pellets is in direct contact with six adjacent pellets in the same layer to provide mutual lateral confinement therebetween, said pellets each having a substantially regular geometric form, wherein said solidified material and said plate are elastic, characterized in that a channel is provided in each of a plurality of said pellets, substantially opposite to an outer impact-receiving major surface of said plate, thereby
  • Said channels can be bored into preformed pellets or the pellets themselves can be pressed with said channel already incorporated therein.
  • a channel is provided in the pellets of the armor of the present invention to further reduce the weight per area thereof and preferably said channel occupies a volume of up to 25% of said body.
  • said channels are preferably of a shape selected from the group consisting of cylindrical, pyramidal, hemispherical and quadratic, hexagonal prism and combinations thereof.
  • FIG. 1 there is seen a perspective view of a preferred insert pellet 2 according to the present invention having a substantially cylindrical body 4 and two convexly curved end faces 6 and 8.
  • said cylindrical body 4 is provided with a plurality of projections 10 which are in the form of lateral protrusions 10 from substantially vertical surfaces 12 of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet 2 said protrusions 10 being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas 14 of said insert pellet 2.
  • the height H of said protrusions 10 is less than the height h of the cylindrical bodies from which they project.
  • said projections 10 are provided with substantially semi-cylindrical surfaces 16 and preferably both the upper 18 and lower 20 faces of said protrusions 10 are beveled.
  • FIG. 2 there is seen a perspective view of a further preferred pellet 22 according to the present invention having a substantially cylindrical body 24 and two convexly curved end faces 26 and 28.
  • said cylindrical body 24 is provided with a plurality of projections 30 which are in the form of lateral protrusions 30 from substantially vertical surfaces 32 of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet 22 said protrusions 30 being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas 34 of said insert pellet 22.
  • the height H of said protrusions 30 is less than the height h of the cylindrical bodies from which they project.
  • said protrusions 30 emerge slantingly from said cylindrical pellet 22, have substantially semi-circular surfaces 36, and an end face 38 that merges with a convexly curved end face 26 of said cylindrical pellet 22.
  • the protrusions 30 have a base 40 of diminishing cross section that merges into vertical surfaces 32 of said pellet 22.
  • FIG. 3 there is seen a perspective view of a further preferred pellet 42 according to the present invention having a substantially cylindrical body 44 and two convexly curved end faces 46 and 48.
  • said cylindrical body 44 is provided with a plurality of projections 50 which are in the form of lateral protrusions 50 from substantially vertical surfaces 52 of said substantially cylindrical insert pellet 42 said protrusions 50 being separated from each other by convexly curved surface areas 54 of said insert pellet 42.
  • the height H of said protrusions 50 is less than the height h of the cylindrical bodies from which they project.
  • said projections 50 are substantially in the form of outwardly tapered triangular prisms 56 with a beveled end faces 58 and 60 respectively merging into an adjacent convexly curved end face 46 and 48 of said cylindrical pellet 42.
  • FIG. 4a there is seen a first picture of a panel 61 according to US Patent 6408734 , having special interstices-filling pellets 62 in the form of a six-sided star with concave sides, complimentary to the convex curvature of the sides of 6 adjacent cylindrical pellets 64, before being subjected to a ballistic resistance test.
  • the second picture 4b shows the panel 61 after ballistic testing and the third and fourth pictures 4c and 4d respectively are enlarged pictures of said panel 61 after ballistic testing.
  • FIG. 5 there is seen a first enlarged picture of a small portion of panel 63 prepared according to the present invention and having an insert pellet 2 as seen and described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the second photograph there is seen the same panel 63 with said insert pellets 2 interdispersed therebetween.
  • the projections 10 extend only partially into the spaces 68 formed between the sides of six adjacent cylindrical pellets 66, while blocking a major cross-sectional portion of said spaces 64, each of said projections 10 being in spaced-apart relationship to at least one of the two adjacent cylinders 66 towards which it projects,
  • the pellets 2, 22 and 42' are all formed of a ceramic material.
  • Preferred ceramics are sintered oxide, nitrides, carbides and borides of alumina, magnesium, zirconium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium and silica.
  • Preferred materials are typically alumina, boron carbide, boron nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, silicon aluminum oxynitride and mixtures thereof.
  • FIG. 6 there is seen a top view of a honeycomb-like structure 70 preformed with openings 72 sized to accommodate cylindrical pellets and openings 74 sized to accommodate insert pellets according to the present invention and especially the insert pellet 22 of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 7 there is seen a top view of the honeycomb-like structure 70 preformed with openings 72 having cylindrical pellets 75 inserted therein and openings 74 having insert pellets 22 according to the present invention inserted therein.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Komposit-Panzerplatte (63) zum Absorbieren und Abbauen kinetischer Energie von panzerbrechenden Hochgeschwindigkeitsprojektilen wie auch von Teilmantelgeschossen, wobei die Platte eine einzelne innere Schicht aus Pellets enthält, die durch ein elastisches Material gebunden und in Plattenform im wesentlichen innerhalb des elastischen Materials gehalten sind, so dass die Pellets in einer Vielzahl von Reihen und Spalten gebunden sind, die eine wechselseitige Halterung bieten, wobei die Pellets aus einem keramischen Material hergestellt sind, wobei ein Großteil jedes der Pellets im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit wenigstens drei benachbarten Pellets ist und wenigstens eine Mehrzahl der Pellets (66, 75) eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Form mit wenigstens einer konvex gekrümmten Stirnfläche haben, wobei Zwischenräume (68), die zwischen den benachbarten zylindrischen Pellets (66, 75) ausgebildet sind, lediglich teilweise mit einem Material gefüllt sind, das den Fluss eines weichen Metalls einschlagender Projektile durch die Zwischenräume verhindert, wobei das den Fluss verhindernde Material die Gestalt eines Auffüllpellets hat, das höchstens mit nur einer der Seiten der drei benachbarten Pellets in Berührung ist, wobei das Auffüllpellet die Form eines Zylinders (4, 24, 44) hat, der mit Vorsprüngen (10, 30, 50) in Gestalt von seitlichen Erhebungen von im wesentlichen vertikalen Oberflächen (12, 32, 52) des im wesentlichen zylindrischen Auffüllpellets versehen ist, wobei die Erhebungen voneinander durch konvex gekrümmte Oberflächenbereiche (14, 34, 54) des Auffüllpellets (2, 22, 44) getrennt sind, wobei sich die Vorsprünge (10, 30, 50) nur teilweise in die Zwischenräume (68) erstrecken, die zwischen den Seiten von sechs benachbarten zylindrischen Pellets (66, 75) ausgebildet sind, und einen Großteil des Querschnittsbereiches der Zwischenräume (68) blockieren, wobei jeder der Vorsprünge in beabstandeter Beziehung zu wenigstens einem der beiden benachbarten Zylinder (66, 75) steht, zu dem er hervorragt, wobei die Pellets und das den Fluss verhindernde Material durch ein festgewordenes Material gebunden und in Plattenform gehalten sind, wobei das festgewordene Material und die Platte elastisch sind.
  2. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der das den Fluss verhindernde Material integral als Teil des speziellen Auffüllpellets (2, 22, 44) ausgebildet ist.
  3. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Vorsprünge (10, 30, 50) die Gestalt seitlicher Erhebungen von im wesentlichen vertikalen Oberflächen (12, 32, 52) des im wesentlichen zylindrischen Auffüllpellets haben, wobei die Vorsprünge voneinander durch konvex gekrümmte Oberflächenbereiche (14, 34, 54) des Auffüllpellets (2, 22, 44) getrennt sind.
  4. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Höhe der Vorsprünge (10, 30) geringer ist als die Höhe der zylindrischen Körper (4, 24), von denen sie hervorstehen.
  5. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Vorsprünge (10) mit im wesentlichen halbzylindrischen Oberflächen (16) versehen sind.
  6. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Vorsprünge (50) im wesentlichen die Gestalt nach außen konischer dreieckiger Prismen haben.
  7. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Vorsprünge (30) schräg vom zylindrischen Pellet (22) hervortreten, im wesentlichen halbkreisförmige Oberflächen (36) haben und eine Stirnfläche (38) aufweisen, die in eine konvex gekrümmte Stirnfläche (26) des zylindrischen Pellets (22) übergeht.
  8. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch, bei der die Ober- und/oder die Unterseite (58, 60) der Vorsprünge (50) kegelig ist.
  9. Auffüllpellet (2, 22, 44) für die Verwendung in einer Komposit-Panzerplatte, die kinetische Energie von panzerbrechenden Hochgeschwindigkeitsprojektilen wie auch von Teilmantelgeschossen absorbiert und abbaut, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das eingefügte Pellet die Form eines Zylinders (4, 24, 44) hat, der mit Vorsprüngen (10, 30, 50) in Gestalt von seitlichen Erhebungen von im wesentlichen vertikalen Oberflächen (12, 32, 52) des im wesentlichen zylindrischen Auffüllpellets versehen ist, wobei die Vorsprünge voneinander durch konvex gekrümmte Oberflächenbereiche (14, 34, 54) des Auffüllpellets (2, 22, 44) getrennt sind.
  10. Auffüllpellet (2, 22) nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Höhe der Vorsprünge (10, 30) geringer ist als die Höhe des zylindrischen Körpers (4, 24), von dem sie hervorragen.
  11. Auffüllpellet nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Vorsprünge (10) mit im wesentlichen halbzylindrischen Oberflächen (16) versehen sind.
  12. Auffüllpellet nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Vorsprünge (50) im wesentlichen die Gestalt nach außen abgeschrägter Dreiecke haben.
  13. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der ein Großteil der Pellets wenigstens eine konvex gekrümmte Stirnfläche hat, die so ausgerichtet ist, dass sie im wesentlichen der Richtung einer äußeren den Aufschlag empfangenen Hauptfläche der Platte zugewandt ist.
  14. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Pellets wenigstens eine Achse von wenigstens 9 mm haben.
  15. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Pellets wenigstens eine Achse von wenigstens 20 mm haben.
  16. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der jedes der Pellets aus einem keramischen Material besteht, das aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus gesintertem Oxid, Nitriden, Karbiden und Boriden aus Aluminiumoxid, Magnesium, Zirkon, Wolfram, Molybdän, Titan und Silica besteht.
  17. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der jedes der Pellets aus einem Material gewählt ist, das aus der Gruppe gewählt ist, die aus Aluminiumoxid, Borkarbid, Bornitrid, Titandiborid, Siliziumkarbid, Siliziumoxid, Siliziumnitrid, Magnesiumoxid, Silizium-Aluminium-Oxynitrid und Mischungen derselben besteht.
  18. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, bei der das festgewordene Material und die Platte (63) elastisch sind.
  19. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Kanal in einer Vielzahl der Pellets ausgebildet ist, um das Gewicht pro Fläche derselben zu verringern.
  20. Komposit-Panzerplatte nach Anspruch 13, bei der der Kanal ein Volumen von bis zu 25% des Pellets einnimmt.
  21. Auffüllpellet nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Platte (63) von einem Typ ist, der eine einzelne innere Schicht von Pellets enthält, die durch ein elastisches Material gebunden und in Plattenform im wesentlichen innerhalb des elastischen Materials gehalten sind, so dass die Pellets in einer Vielzahl von Reihen und Spalten gebunden sind, die eine wechselseitige Halterung bieten, wobei die Pellets aus einem keramischen Material hergestellt sind, wobei ein Großteil jedes der Pellets im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit wenigstens drei benachbarten Pellets ist und wenigstens eine Mehrzahl der Pellets (66, 75) eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Form mit wenigstens einer konvex gekrümmten Stirnfläche haben.
EP20060250310 2005-04-03 2006-01-20 Keramisches Panzerelement für Panzerung Not-in-force EP1707913B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20060250310 EP1707913B1 (de) 2005-04-03 2006-01-20 Keramisches Panzerelement für Panzerung

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL16782505 2005-04-03
IL168029A IL168029A (en) 2005-04-14 2005-04-14 Ceramic pellets and composite armor panel containing the same
EP06250061 2006-01-06
EP20060250310 EP1707913B1 (de) 2005-04-03 2006-01-20 Keramisches Panzerelement für Panzerung

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EP1707913A1 EP1707913A1 (de) 2006-10-04
EP1707913B1 true EP1707913B1 (de) 2008-07-16

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2023072A1 (de) 2007-08-09 2009-02-11 ETEC Gesellschaft für technische Keramik mbH Pellet-Satz für Panzerschutz
IL189088A0 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-05-04 Rafael Advanced Defense Sys Protective divide and method for protection
IL196191A (en) * 2008-12-25 2013-09-30 Moshe Ravid Armor board
US8234966B2 (en) * 2009-04-07 2012-08-07 Plasan Sasa Ltd. Ballistic armor
IL213397A (en) 2011-06-06 2015-05-31 Ilan Gavish Protection module with buffer zone and method for creating it
CN103822542B (zh) * 2012-11-16 2015-10-28 雷秉强 一种防护构件
IT202100026858A1 (it) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-19 Elet Ca S R L Con Socio Unico Componente elementare di protezione antilama e corrispondente struttura di protezione antilama, in particolare nella forma di un giubbotto antilama

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8600449A (nl) 1986-02-22 1987-09-16 Delft Tech Hogeschool Pantserplaat-komposiet met keramische opvanglaag.
US5738925A (en) * 1996-04-10 1998-04-14 Lockheed Martin Corporation Ballistic armor having a flexible load distribution system
US6112635A (en) 1996-08-26 2000-09-05 Mofet Etzion Composite armor panel
US6289781B1 (en) 1996-08-26 2001-09-18 Michael Cohen Composite armor plates and panel
US6203908B1 (en) 1996-08-26 2001-03-20 Michael Cohen Composite armor
US5763813A (en) 1996-08-26 1998-06-09 Kibbutz Kfar Etzion Composite armor panel
IL119386A (en) 1996-10-09 2000-09-28 Cohen Michael Composite armor
IL124085A (en) 1998-04-14 2001-06-14 Cohen Michael Complex armor board
GB2377006A (en) * 2001-06-30 2002-12-31 David Adie Ballistic protection shield
IL149591A (en) * 2002-05-12 2009-09-22 Moshe Ravid Ballistic armor
IL158237A (en) * 2003-10-02 2013-03-24 Cohen Michael Ceramic bodies for armor panel

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