EP1693171A1 - Device for the perforation of wooden poles - Google Patents

Device for the perforation of wooden poles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1693171A1
EP1693171A1 EP05027994A EP05027994A EP1693171A1 EP 1693171 A1 EP1693171 A1 EP 1693171A1 EP 05027994 A EP05027994 A EP 05027994A EP 05027994 A EP05027994 A EP 05027994A EP 1693171 A1 EP1693171 A1 EP 1693171A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wooden
moisture
measuring
drilling
measuring electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05027994A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1693171B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Heidel
Dipl.-Ing. Hans-Norbert Marx
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Holzindustrie Fuerst Zu Fuerstenberg KG
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Holzindustrie Fuerst Zu Fuerstenberg KG
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Priority to SI200530337T priority Critical patent/SI1693171T1/en
Priority to PL05027994T priority patent/PL1693171T3/en
Publication of EP1693171A1 publication Critical patent/EP1693171A1/en
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Publication of EP1693171B1 publication Critical patent/EP1693171B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27CPLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27C3/00Drilling machines or drilling devices; Equipment therefor
    • B27C3/04Stationary drilling machines with a plurality of working spindles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0221Pore opening

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for perforating wooden poles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • wood poles according to the invention comprises all forms of wood components, in particular round logs.
  • Wood and wood components that are intended to be installed in the soil or water are subject to high infection pressure by wood-degrading organisms, which can considerably limit the service life of the components.
  • the wood-degrading organisms include in particular wood-destroying fungi from the group of Basidiomycetes (eg sponges, leaves) and / or ascomycetes from the group of fungi imperfecti (for example soft rot) and wood-destroying insects predominantly from the family Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles).
  • a preferred method for impregnating wooden poles is the so-called KVD impregnation, i. the boiler vacuum pressure impregnation, in which the impregnation solution is conveyed by means of pressure differences in the wood.
  • Perforation is a process for facilitating the impregnation of difficult-to-impregnate woods such as spruce, Picea abies.
  • the perforation is usually limited to the critical areas, in particular the earth / air zone.
  • Under ground / air zone is the transition area in the installed state (eg masts) understood, which extends from 10 to 30 cm above and 20 to 60 cm below the ground level and in the air and moisture access optimal existence conditions for wood-destroying organisms , so that in this area particularly high demands must be placed on a sufficient protection agent intake, depth and drug distribution.
  • the perforation of the critical zone e.g., the described earth / air area
  • Such devices generally have two spaced apart receiving devices for a wooden mast, a drilling carriage, which is arranged radially spaced from the recorded wooden mast, movable in the radial direction and equipped with a plurality of drills, as well as means for temporarily fixing the recorded wooden mast during the drilling process for perforation of the wooden mast.
  • the wooden mast is extended over its circumference and along an axial section which is at the boundary (earth / air zone) described above. corresponds, provided with a plurality of boreholes, whereby the penetration of the impregnating liquid is facilitated and improved.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to offer a device by means of which it is possible to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention is based on the idea of determining the moisture content of the wooden mast during the perforation, ie before impregnation.
  • the device for perforation of wooden poles is equipped with at least one moisture meter. By measuring the moisture during the perforation, it can be ensured that only those masts that are sufficiently dry are impregnated. Masts with too high residual moisture are detected and can be dried.
  • the moisture meter is advantageously arranged laterally next to the drilling carriage on the receiving devices.
  • An advantageous embodiment is to use two moisture meters immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage, wherein it is advantageous for reasons of space savings, when the moisture meters are arranged in receiving devices for the wooden poles on the side facing the drilling carriage.
  • the moisture meter has two measuring electrodes in the form of measuring tips, which can be pressed into the wooden mast. These measuring electrodes are preferably mounted on an electrode insert and interchangeable. As a result, measuring electrodes of different lengths can be used, if necessary, in order to be able to optimally check, for example, wooden masts with different diameters.
  • the measuring electrodes are connected via the electrode insert and a plunger with a compressed air cylinder, which is equipped with an adjustable stroke.
  • the air cylinder can be equipped with an adjustable hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the recorded wooden mast.
  • the clock is preferably designed such that it allows up to 30 measurements per minute. Also, the clock may be adjustable so that it allows a measurement at the same time to the respective drilling operation or a time-shifted measurement to the respective drilling operation.
  • the moisture meter advantageously has a device for determining the moisture content as a function of the determined electrical resistance between the two measuring electrodes. Such a measurement is easy to accomplish and provides reliable results.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the moisture meter is coupled to a control device, which sorted out wooden poles for further drying when exceeding a specified limit for the moisture.
  • Advantageous means for perforation have a movable carriage, which preferably carries 5 to 50 drills, which are preferably 2-5 mm thick, including drive (motors and gearbox). After each drilling process, the roundwood is rotated by 10-30 ° about the longitudinal axis and the carriage is again driven to the wood and the perforation is continued.
  • the mechanics of the system now make it possible to carry out a moisture determination by means of a resistance measurement at the same time as every drilling or perforation process.
  • insulated electrodes are mounted on the described slide, which are pressed with each drilling process in the wood.
  • the drills themselves are formed directly as measuring electrodes and combined with the moisture meter.
  • the electrodes can also be pressed with their own pneumatic hydraulic or mechanical drive in the wood, drilling and measuring process must proceed carefully synchronized.
  • the measuring electrodes can also be provided with insulated shank in order to be able to determine the moisture of the wood at defined depths.
  • the electrodes are suitably connected to evaluation electronics, which on the one hand converts and registers the electrical resistances into values for the wood moisture and on the other hand triggers visual and / or acoustic alarms when set limit values are exceeded.
  • evaluation electronics which on the one hand converts and registers the electrical resistances into values for the wood moisture and on the other hand triggers visual and / or acoustic alarms when set limit values are exceeded.
  • the particular advantage of the system according to the invention is the fact that the moisture measurements without involvement of another process step automatically and over the entire circumference of round timbers is made possible and thus represents an effective method for ensuring the required impregnation.
  • the evaluation electronics allow the exclusion of non-drenched woods and make a significant contribution to ensuring high-quality impregnation combined with a long service life and high road safety of the protected timber.
  • the device 1 for perforating wooden poles has two spaced-apart receiving devices 10, 20 for a wooden pole 100, a drilling carriage 30, which is arranged radially spaced from the recorded wood pole 100, movable in the radial direction and equipped with a plurality of drills 60, and facilities for temporarily fixing the recorded wooden mast 100 during the drilling process for perforating the wooden mast 100, wherein immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage 30 at least one moisture device 40 is arranged.
  • the receiving device 10 and 20 consist of two receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22. These receiving walls 11, 12, 21 and 22 act as side parts of the receiving units 10 and 20 and are arranged side by side in parallel.
  • the receiving devices 10 and 20 with the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 have on the wooden pole 100 side facing a trough-shaped recess for receiving the wooden mast 100.
  • the receiving devices 10 and 20 each have two fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24, which are arranged between the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 and held by these, wherein the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 act as a support for the fixing rollers 12, 13 and 23, 24 (the roller 24 is not shown in the figures).
  • the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 are arranged between the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22, that they with their radius on the boundary of the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 out in the area of the trough-shaped bulges of the receiving devices 10 and 20 protrude to fix there the recorded wooden pole 100 during the drilling operation between the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24.
  • the trough-shaped bulge of the receiving device 10 and 20 has two different legs.
  • the receiving devices 10 and 20 designed in this way are spaced apart so far in the device 1 for perforation that a secure support of the wooden mast 100 is ensured and a sufficiently large area for the perforation is available.
  • a drilling carriage 30 is arranged between the receiving devices 10 and 20 on the side facing away from the feeding wooden poles, radially spaced from the recorded wooden pole 100, movable in the radial direction.
  • the drilling carriage 30 is equipped with a plurality of drills 60, which may be arranged in one or more rows axially to the wood pole 100.
  • the drilling carriage has on the side facing the wooden pole 100 at least one distance sensor 31, by means of which the penetration depth of the drill 60 can be controlled during the drilling process.
  • the drilling carriage 30 is arranged to be movable radially in the direction of the wooden mast 100.
  • a downwardly fold-away pressing device 50 is arranged, consisting of two legs 51, 52, in which two pressure rollers 53, 54 are stored.
  • the legs 51, 52 are in its upper region, in which the pressure rollers 54, 53 are embedded, angled in the direction of the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24, so that during the drilling operation by means of the pressing device 50 and the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 a fixation of the wooden mast 100 is possible.
  • the pressure rollers 53, 54 in the pressing device 50 are arranged so that they protrude in the direction of the wood pole 100 to be fixed from the pressing device 50, so that the log can be 100 fixed between the rollers 54, 53.
  • the pressing device 50 is designed so that it can be folded down when feeding the log 100 away from the drilling carriage and thus clears the way for the supply of the wooden mast 100.
  • the moisture meter 40 consists of a compressed air cylinder 41 on the plunger 44, an electrode insert 42 is arranged for measuring electrodes 43.
  • the moisture meter 40 is arranged laterally next to the drilling carriage 30 on one of the receiving devices 10, 20 either on the side facing the drilling carriage or - as shown here - on the opposite side.
  • the measuring principle of the moisture meter 40 is based on the measurement of the electrical resistance between the two measuring electrodes 43, which are designed as measuring tips and are pressed into the wood pole 100 for measuring the moisture. These measuring electrodes 43 are connected via an electrode insert 42 and a plunger 44 with a compressed air cylinder 41.
  • the electrode insert 42 is designed so that the measuring electrodes 43 can be exchanged. In this way it is possible to use measuring electrodes 43 in different lengths.
  • the compressed air cylinder 41 has the function of pressing the measuring tips 43 for measurement in the wooden mast 100, for which purpose it is equipped with a predeterminable stroke and an adjustable hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the picked-up wooden mast 100.
  • the air cylinder is equipped with a timer for triggering the measuring process, with a cycle time of up to 30 measurements per minute.
  • the clock can be set so that a measurement is carried out simultaneously with the respective drilling operation or with a time delay.
  • the moisture meter 40 is additionally coupled to a control device, not shown, which emits a signal when a predetermined limit value for the moisture is exceeded and, depending on the system configuration, the corresponding one Extract the wooden pole from the device for further drying.
  • the pressing device 50 For receiving the wooden mast 100, first the pressing device 50 is folded away downwards. Subsequently, the wooden mast 100 can be inserted into the trough-shaped bulge of the receiving devices 10 and 20 and fixed there by means of the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 and the pressure rollers 54, 53. After fixation, the drilling operation can be started by the drilling carriage 30 is moved radially in the direction of the wood pole 100. The penetration depth of the drill 60 is controlled by the distance sensors 31.
  • the moisture of the wooden mast 100 can now be determined via the moisture meter 40 by pressing the measuring electrodes 43 as measuring tips 43 into the wood by means of an air cylinder 41. After the measurement, these measuring tips 43 are moved back again.
  • the moisture measurement can be performed in time simultaneously but also with a time delay with the drilling process. This drilling and measuring process is repeated until the wooden mast is completely perforated and measured over the circumference. It has been found that about 10-15 moisture measurements over the circumference of the log 100 sufficient to reliably detect the moisture of the wood.
  • the wood pole 100 is either further processed from the device 1 for perforating and impregnated or at Exceeding the moisture content sorted out for additional drying.
  • a moisture meter Gann Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH, Stuttgart, Gann Hydromat DMT-8 is used, which covers a range between 10 and 50% wood moisture.
  • the measurement time is at least 1.0 seconds and the clock rate a maximum of 30 measurements per minute.
  • the device is equipped with a compressed air connection of 3 to 6 bar.
  • the adjustment height of the hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the recorded wood pole 100 is 12 mm.
  • the electrodes are interchangeable and have a length of 40 or 60 mm.
  • the described system for ensuring the impregnation maturity is suitable for all types of protective agents, such as e.g. chromium-containing and chromium-free wood preservatives, for coal tar oil and its solvent-based and water-dilutable modifiers and for aqueous and solvent-based hydrophobing, without this being a limitation to the above-mentioned methods.
  • protective agents such as e.g. chromium-containing and chromium-free wood preservatives, for coal tar oil and its solvent-based and water-dilutable modifiers and for aqueous and solvent-based hydrophobing, without this being a limitation to the above-mentioned methods.
  • the method described for the continuous determination of the moisture content and impregnation maturity is suitable for all types of wood and all forms.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

At least one device (40) for measuring the moisture content of the wood is incorporated into the machine (1) directly next to or inside the drilling sleigh (30) used to bore holes in the pole (100). The measuring device comprises two measuring electrodes (43) which are secured to an electrode insert (42) and can be pressed into the pole. The machine has two spaced apart holders (10, 20) for the pole and a drilling sleigh which can be moved in the pole radial direction. Drills (60) are mounted on the sleigh.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zur Perforation von Holzmasten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device for perforating wooden poles according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Begriff Holzmasten umfasst erfindungsgemäß sämtliche Ausformungen von Holzbauteilen, insbesondere Rundhölzer.The term wood poles according to the invention comprises all forms of wood components, in particular round logs.

Hölzer und Holzbauteile, die bestimmungsgemäß im Boden oder Wasser verbaut werden (Gebrauchsklasse 4 gemäß DIN 68800 Teil 3), unterliegen einem hohen Infektionsdruck durch holzabbauende Organismen, der die Nutzungsdauer der Bauteile erheblich einschränken kann. Zu den holzabbauenden Organismen gehören insbesondere holzzerstörende Pilze aus der Gruppe der Basidiomyceten (z. B. Schwämme, Blättlinge) und/oder Ascomyceten aus der Gruppe der Fungi imperfecti (z.B. Moderfäule) sowie holzzerstörende Insekten vorwiegend aus der Familie der Cerambycidae (Bockkäfer).Wood and wood components that are intended to be installed in the soil or water (use class 4 according to DIN 68800 Part 3) are subject to high infection pressure by wood-degrading organisms, which can considerably limit the service life of the components. The wood-degrading organisms include in particular wood-destroying fungi from the group of Basidiomycetes (eg sponges, leaves) and / or ascomycetes from the group of fungi imperfecti (for example soft rot) and wood-destroying insects predominantly from the family Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles).

Es ist Stand der Technik, dem beschriebenen Holzabbau durch eine geeignete biozide Imprägnierung entgegenzuwirken. Wesentlich für eine wirksame und dauerhafte Imprägnierung ist dabei eine tiefe und gleichmäßige Verteilung der Imprägnierung bzw. der Wirksubstanzen im Holz bzw. in den besonders schutzbedürftigen Bereichen der gegenständlichen Holzbauteile, bei denen es sich beispielhaft um Leitungsmasten, Hopfenstangen, Wasserbauhölzer, Palisaden, Bauteile für den Lawinenschutz, Stangen und Pfähle für den Obst- und Weinbau handeln kann, ohne dabei auf die genannten Anwendungen zu begrenzen. Die erforderliche Gleichmäßigkeit der Verteilung und die erforderliche Eindringtiefe können jedoch nur dann dann erreicht werden, wenn die zu imprägnierenden Hölzer einen Feuchtesatz von weniger als 30 % aufweisen, wobei die Holzfeuchte (U) wie folgt zu definieren ist: U [ % ] = ( M F M T ) 100 M T ,

Figure imgb0001

wobei "MF" die Masse des feuchten Holzes und "MT" die Masse des trockenen Holzes ist.It is state of the art to counteract the described degradation by a suitable biocidal impregnation. Essential for an effective and durable impregnation is a deep and uniform distribution of impregnation or active substances in the wood or in the particularly vulnerable areas of the subject wooden components, which are exemplary to pylons, hop rods, water timbers, palisades, components for the Avalanche protection, poles and piles for fruit and wine can act without limiting the applications mentioned. However, the required uniformity of distribution and the required penetration depth can only be achieved if the wood to be impregnated has a moisture content of less than 30%. where the wood moisture content (U) is defined as follows: U [ % ] = ( M F - M T ) 100 M T .
Figure imgb0001

where "M F " is the mass of the damp wood and "M T " is the mass of the dry wood.

Schon bei geringer Überschreitung der genannten Holzfeuchte (U > 30%) bzw. oberhalb des sogenannten Fasersättigungspunktes, ist eine homogene Imprägnierung nicht mehr zu erreichen und damit eine qualitativ einwandfreie Imprägnierung nicht mehr sichergestellt. Als problematisch stellt sich der Umstand dar, dass insbesondere bei stärkeren Dimensionen (z.B. Holzmasten), eine ungleichmäßige Trocknung zu starken Unterschieden in der Holzfeuchte und damit Tränkreife führen kann. Zur Verdeutlichung der Situation sei angemerkt, dass z.B. ein nicht imprägnierter Mast eine Lebenserwartung von 1-5 Jahren, ein ungleichmäßig imprägnierter Mast eine solche von 2-10 Jahren und letztlich ein absolut gleichmäßig imprägnierter Mast eine Nutzungsdauer von 20-40 Jahren aufweist.Even if the wood moisture content is slightly exceeded (U> 30%) or above the so-called fiber saturation point, a homogeneous impregnation can no longer be achieved and thus a qualitatively perfect impregnation is no longer ensured. The fact that, especially in the case of thicker dimensions (for example wooden poles), uneven drying can lead to pronounced differences in the moisture content of the wood and thus to the tendency to get soaking is problematical. To clarify the situation, it should be noted that e.g. an unimpregnated mast has a life expectancy of 1-5 years, a non-uniformly impregnated mast one of 2-10 years, and ultimately an absolutely uniformly impregnated mast has a useful life of 20-40 years.

Ein bevorzugtes Verfahren zur Imprägnierung von Holzmasten ist die sogenannte KVD-Tränkung, d.h. die Kessel-Vakuum-Druck-Tränkung, bei der die Tränklösung vermittels Druckunterschieden in das Holz befördert wird.A preferred method for impregnating wooden poles is the so-called KVD impregnation, i. the boiler vacuum pressure impregnation, in which the impregnation solution is conveyed by means of pressure differences in the wood.

Gerade für die Verwendung von Holzmasten für Telekommunikation oder Hochspannungsleitungen wurden zusätzlich spezielle Verfahren entwickelt, um eine vollständige Durchdringung des Holzes mit der Imprägnierflüssigkeit zu erreichen. So werden beispielsweise die Masten zunächst geschält, anschließend in den kritischen Bereichen, die später den Grenzbereich zwischen Luft- und Erdreich bilden und dem Angriff der Fäulnis bildenden holzzerstörenden Organismen besonders stark ausgesetzt sind, mit Hilfe von sogenannten Mastenbohrmaschinen perforiert und anschließend imprägniert.Especially for the use of wooden poles for telecommunications or power lines special procedures have been developed in addition to achieve a complete penetration of the wood with the impregnating liquid. For example the masts first peeled, then perforated in the critical areas that later form the boundary between the air and soil and the attack of decay-forming wood-destroying organisms are particularly strong perforated with the help of so-called mast drilling machines and then impregnated.

Als Perforation bezeichnet man ein Verfahren zur Erleichterung der Imprägnierung von schwerimprägnierbaren Hölzern wie zum Beispiel der Fichte, Picea abies. Dabei wird die Perforation in der Regel auf die kritischen Bereiche, insbesondere die Erd-/Luft-Zone, beschränkt. Unter Erd-/Luft-Zone wird der Übergangsbereich im verbauten Zustand (z.B. bei Masten) verstanden, der sich von 10 - 30 cm oberhalb und 20 bis 60 cm unterhalb der Bodengleiche erstreckt und in dem Luft- und Feuchtezutritt optimale Existenzvoraussetzungen für holzzerstörende Organismen bieten, so dass in diesem Bereich besonders hohe Anforderungen an eine ausreichende Schutzmittelaufnahme, Wirkungstiefe und Wirkstoffverteilung gestellt werden müssen. Die Perforation der kritischen Zone (z.B. des beschriebenen Erd-/Luft-Bereiches) wird in der Regel mit voll- oder halb automatisch arbeitenden Perforationseinrichtungen vorgenommen. Derartige Vorrichtungen weisen in der Regel zwei voneinander beabstandete Aufnahmeeinrichtungen für einen Holzmast, einen Bohrschlitten, der radial beabstandet zu dem aufgenommenen Holzmast angeordnet, in radialer Richtung verfahrbar und mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrern bestückt ist, sowie Einrichtungen zur vorübergehenden Fixierung des aufgenommenen Holzmastes während des Bohrvorgangs zur Perforation des Holzmastes auf.Perforation is a process for facilitating the impregnation of difficult-to-impregnate woods such as spruce, Picea abies. The perforation is usually limited to the critical areas, in particular the earth / air zone. Under ground / air zone is the transition area in the installed state (eg masts) understood, which extends from 10 to 30 cm above and 20 to 60 cm below the ground level and in the air and moisture access optimal existence conditions for wood-destroying organisms , so that in this area particularly high demands must be placed on a sufficient protection agent intake, depth and drug distribution. The perforation of the critical zone (e.g., the described earth / air area) is typically done with fully or semi-automatic perforators. Such devices generally have two spaced apart receiving devices for a wooden mast, a drilling carriage, which is arranged radially spaced from the recorded wooden mast, movable in the radial direction and equipped with a plurality of drills, as well as means for temporarily fixing the recorded wooden mast during the drilling process for perforation of the wooden mast.

Bei der Perforation mit der Mastenbohrmaschine wird der Holzmast über seinen Umfang und längs eines Axialabschnittes, der mit dem vorstehend beschriebenen Grenzbereich (Erd-/Luft-Zone) korrespondiert, mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrlöchern versehen, wodurch das Eindringen der Imprägnierflüssigkeit erleichtert und verbessert wird.During perforation with the mast drilling machine, the wooden mast is extended over its circumference and along an axial section which is at the boundary (earth / air zone) described above. corresponds, provided with a plurality of boreholes, whereby the penetration of the impregnating liquid is facilitated and improved.

Trotz dieser aufwendigen Behandlung, kommt es immer wieder zu Ausfällen bei den eingesetzten Holzmasten durch Fäulnisbildung, als deren Ursache ein zu hoher Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Holzes beim Imprägnieren angesehen wird.Despite this elaborate treatment, it always comes back to failures in the wooden poles used by decay, as the cause of an excessive moisture content of the wood is considered during impregnation.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung anzubieten, mit deren Hilfe es gelingt, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu überwinden.The invention is therefore based on the object to offer a device by means of which it is possible to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies mit einer Vorrichtung, wie sie durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 beschrieben ist. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.According to the invention, this is achieved with a device as described by the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee, den Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Holzmastes während der Perforation, also vor dem Imprägnieren zu bestimmen. Hierzu wird die Vorrichtung zur Perforation von Holzmasten mit mindestens einem Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät ausgerüstet. Durch Messen der Feuchtigkeit während der Perforation kann sichergestellt werden, dass nur solche Masten imprägniert werden, die ausreichend trocken sind. Masten mit zu hoher Restfeuchte werden erkannt und können nachgetrocknet werden.The invention is based on the idea of determining the moisture content of the wooden mast during the perforation, ie before impregnation. For this purpose, the device for perforation of wooden poles is equipped with at least one moisture meter. By measuring the moisture during the perforation, it can be ensured that only those masts that are sufficiently dry are impregnated. Masts with too high residual moisture are detected and can be dried.

Da der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt besonders an der Stelle, an der die Perforation durchgeführt wird, von Interesse ist, wird das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät vorteilhaft seitlich neben dem Bohrschlitten an den Aufnahmeeinrichtungen angeordnet.Since the moisture content is of particular interest at the point at which the perforation is carried out, the moisture meter is advantageously arranged laterally next to the drilling carriage on the receiving devices.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform besteht darin, zwei Feuchtigkeitsmessgeräte unmittelbar benachbart zu dem Bohrschlitten einzusetzen, wobei es aus Gründen der Platzersparnis vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Feuchtigkeitsmessgeräte in Aufnahmeeinrichtungen für die Holzmasten auf der dem Bohrschlitten zugewandten Seite angeordnet sind.An advantageous embodiment is to use two moisture meters immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage, wherein it is advantageous for reasons of space savings, when the moisture meters are arranged in receiving devices for the wooden poles on the side facing the drilling carriage.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform besitzt das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät zwei Messelektroden in Form von Messspitzen, die in den Holzmast eingedrückt werden können. Diese Messelektroden sind bevorzugt auf einem Elektrodeneinsatz befestigt und austauschbar. Dadurch können bei Bedarf Messelektroden in unterschiedlicher Länge eingesetzt werden, um beispielsweise Holzmasten mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern optimal überprüfen zu können.In an advantageous embodiment, the moisture meter has two measuring electrodes in the form of measuring tips, which can be pressed into the wooden mast. These measuring electrodes are preferably mounted on an electrode insert and interchangeable. As a result, measuring electrodes of different lengths can be used, if necessary, in order to be able to optimally check, for example, wooden masts with different diameters.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind die Messelektroden über den Elektrodeneinsatz und ein Druckstempel mit einem Druckluftzylinder verbunden, der mit einem einstellbaren Hub ausgerüstet ist. Zusätzlich kann der Druckluftzylinder mit einem verstellbaren Niederhalter zum Einstellen des radialen Abstands zum aufgenommenen Holzmast ausgerüstet sein.In a further advantageous embodiment, the measuring electrodes are connected via the electrode insert and a plunger with a compressed air cylinder, which is equipped with an adjustable stroke. In addition, the air cylinder can be equipped with an adjustable hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the recorded wooden mast.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist der Druckluftzylinder mit einem Taktgeber zum Auslösen eines Messvorgangs ausgerüstet, wobei der Taktgeber bevorzugt derart ausgelegt ist, dass er bis zu 30 Messungen pro Minute ermöglicht. Auch kann der Taktgeber so einstellbar sein, dass er eine Messung zeitgleich zu dem jeweiligen Bohrvorgang oder eine Messung zeitversetzt zu dem jeweiligen Bohrvorgang ermöglicht.In an advantageous development of the compressed air cylinder is equipped with a timer for triggering a measurement process, the clock is preferably designed such that it allows up to 30 measurements per minute. Also, the clock may be adjustable so that it allows a measurement at the same time to the respective drilling operation or a time-shifted measurement to the respective drilling operation.

Das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät verfügt vorteilhafterweise über eine Einrichtung zur Ermittlung des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts als Funktion des ermittelten elektrischen Widerstands zwischen den beiden Messelektroden. Eine derartige Messung ist einfach zu bewerkstelligen und liefert zuverlässige Ergebnisse.The moisture meter advantageously has a device for determining the moisture content as a function of the determined electrical resistance between the two measuring electrodes. Such a measurement is easy to accomplish and provides reliable results.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät mit einer Steuereinrichtung gekoppelt ist, die beim Überschreiten eines festgelegten Grenzwertes für die Feuchtigkeit Holzmasten zur weiteren Trocknung aussortiert.A further advantageous embodiment is that the moisture meter is coupled to a control device, which sorted out wooden poles for further drying when exceeding a specified limit for the moisture.

Vorteilhafte Einrichtungen zur Perforation verfügen über einen beweglichen Schlitten, der bevorzugt 5 bis 50 Bohrer, die vorzugsweise 2-5 mm stark sind, samt Antrieb (Motoren und Getriebe) trägt. Nach jedem Bohrvorgang wird das Rundholz um 10-30° um die Längsachse gedreht und der Schlitten wird neuerlich an das Holz gefahren und die Perforation wird fortgesetzt. Die Mechanik des Systems ermöglicht es nun, zeitgleich mit jedem Bohr- bzw. Perforationsvorgang eine Feuchtebestimmung mittels einer Widerstandsmessung vorzunehmen. Zu diesem Zwecke werden auf dem beschriebenen Schlitten isoliert Elektroden befestigt, die bei jedem Bohrvorgang mit in das Holz eingepresst werden.Advantageous means for perforation have a movable carriage, which preferably carries 5 to 50 drills, which are preferably 2-5 mm thick, including drive (motors and gearbox). After each drilling process, the roundwood is rotated by 10-30 ° about the longitudinal axis and the carriage is again driven to the wood and the perforation is continued. The mechanics of the system now make it possible to carry out a moisture determination by means of a resistance measurement at the same time as every drilling or perforation process. For this purpose, insulated electrodes are mounted on the described slide, which are pressed with each drilling process in the wood.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind die Bohrer selbst unmittelbar als Messelektroden ausgebildet und mit dem Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät kombiniert.In an advantageous embodiment, the drills themselves are formed directly as measuring electrodes and combined with the moisture meter.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform können die Elektroden auch mit eigenem pneumatischen hydraulischen oder mechanischen Antrieb in das Holz gepresst werden, wobei Bohr-und Messvorgang sorgfältig synchronisiert ablaufen müssen.In a further advantageous embodiment, the electrodes can also be pressed with their own pneumatic hydraulic or mechanical drive in the wood, drilling and measuring process must proceed carefully synchronized.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform können die Messelektroden auch mit isoliertem Schaft versehen werden, um so die Feuchtigkeit des Holzes in definierten Tiefen ermitteln zu können.In a further advantageous embodiment, the measuring electrodes can also be provided with insulated shank in order to be able to determine the moisture of the wood at defined depths.

Die Elektroden sind in geeigneter Weise mit einer Auswerteelektronik verbunden, die einerseits die elektrischen Widerstände in Werte für die Holzfeuchte umsetzt und registriert und andererseits beim Überschreiten eingestellter Grenzwerte optischen und/oder akustischen Alarm auslöst. Grundsätzlich ist es in dem erfindungsgemäßen System möglich, ein oder mehrere Elektrodenpaare vorzusehen, die es ermöglichen, die Holzfeuchte in bestimmten oder verschiedenen Bereichen gleichzeitig zu erfassen.The electrodes are suitably connected to evaluation electronics, which on the one hand converts and registers the electrical resistances into values for the wood moisture and on the other hand triggers visual and / or acoustic alarms when set limit values are exceeded. In principle, it is possible in the system according to the invention to provide one or more electrode pairs which make it possible to detect the wood moisture in certain or different areas at the same time.

Der besondere Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Systems ist darin zu sehen, dass die Feuchtemessungen ohne Einschaltung eines weiteren Prozessschrittes automatisch und über den gesamten Umfang von Rundhölzern ermöglicht wird und damit ein wirksames Verfahren zur Sicherstellung der erforderlichen Tränkreife darstellt. Die Auswerteelektronik ermöglicht die ausnahmslose Aussonderung nicht tränkreifer Hölzer und leistet einen erheblichen Beitrag zur Gewährleistung qualitativ hochstehender Imprägnierungen, verbunden mit einer langen Nutzungsdauer und hohen Verkehrssicherheit der geschützten Hölzer.The particular advantage of the system according to the invention is the fact that the moisture measurements without involvement of another process step automatically and over the entire circumference of round timbers is made possible and thus represents an effective method for ensuring the required impregnation. The evaluation electronics allow the exclusion of non-drenched woods and make a significant contribution to ensuring high-quality impregnation combined with a long service life and high road safety of the protected timber.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der schematischen Darstellungen in den Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1
    eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Mastenbohrmaschine mit aufgenommenem Holzmast.
  • Figur 2
    Querschnitt einer Mastenbohrmaschine mit aufgenommenem Holzmast.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic illustrations in the figures. Show it:
  • FIG. 1
    a perspective view of a mast drilling machine with recorded wooden mast.
  • FIG. 2
    Cross section of a mast drilling machine with a wooden mast.

Die Vorrichtung 1 zum Perforieren von Holzmasten besitzt zwei voneinander beabstandete Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10, 20 für einen Holzmast 100, einen Bohrschlitten 30, der radial beabstandet zu dem aufgenommenen Holzmast 100 angeordnet, in radialer Richtung verfahrbar und mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrern 60 bestückt ist, sowie Einrichtungen zur vorübergehenden Fixierung des aufgenommenen Holzmastes 100 während des Bohrvorganges zur Perforierung des Holzmastes 100, wobei unmittelbar benachbart zum Bohrschlitten 30 mindestens ein Feuchtigkeitsgerät 40 angeordnet ist.The device 1 for perforating wooden poles has two spaced-apart receiving devices 10, 20 for a wooden pole 100, a drilling carriage 30, which is arranged radially spaced from the recorded wood pole 100, movable in the radial direction and equipped with a plurality of drills 60, and facilities for temporarily fixing the recorded wooden mast 100 during the drilling process for perforating the wooden mast 100, wherein immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage 30 at least one moisture device 40 is arranged.

Die Aufnahmeeinrichtung 10 und 20 bestehen aus jeweils zwei Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22. Diese Aufnahmewangen 11, 12, 21 und 22 fungieren als Seitenteile der Aufnahmeeinheiten 10 und 20 und sind parallel nebeneinander angeordnet. Die Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 mit den Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22 weisen auf der dem Holzmast 100 zugewandten Seite eine wannenförmige Ausbuchtung zur Aufnahme des Holzmastes 100 auf. Im Bereich dieser wannenförmigen Ausbuchtung besitzen die Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 jeweils zwei Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24, die zwischen den Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22 angeordnet sind und von diesen gehalten werden, wobei die Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22 als Träger für die Fixierrollen 12, 13 und 23, 24 fungieren (die Rolle 24 ist in den Figuren nicht dargestellt).The receiving device 10 and 20 consist of two receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22. These receiving walls 11, 12, 21 and 22 act as side parts of the receiving units 10 and 20 and are arranged side by side in parallel. The receiving devices 10 and 20 with the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 have on the wooden pole 100 side facing a trough-shaped recess for receiving the wooden mast 100. In the region of this trough-shaped projection, the receiving devices 10 and 20 each have two fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24, which are arranged between the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 and held by these, wherein the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 act as a support for the fixing rollers 12, 13 and 23, 24 (the roller 24 is not shown in the figures).

Die Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 sind so zwischen den Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22 angeordnet, dass sie mit ihrem Radius über die Begrenzung der Aufnahmewangen 11, 12 und 21, 22 hinaus in den Bereich der wannenförmigen Ausbuchtungen der Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 ragen, um dort den aufgenommenen Holzmast 100 während des Bohrvorgangs zwischen den Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 zu fixieren.The fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 are arranged between the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22, that they with their radius on the boundary of the receiving walls 11, 12 and 21, 22 out in the area of the trough-shaped bulges of the receiving devices 10 and 20 protrude to fix there the recorded wooden pole 100 during the drilling operation between the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24.

Die wannenförmige Ausbuchtung der Aufnahmeeinrichtung 10 und 20 weist zwei unterschiedliche Schenkel auf. Einen niedrigen Schenkel mit einem flachen Winkel, der der Seite für die Zuführung der Holzmasten 100 zugewandt ist, so dass diese leicht dem Bereich für die Behandlung zugeführt werden können, und einen höheren Schenkel mit einem steileren Winkel, durch den ein Herausrollen des Holzmastes 100 während der Behandlung verhindert wird und in dessen Bereich die Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 angeordnet sind.The trough-shaped bulge of the receiving device 10 and 20 has two different legs. A low leg at a shallow angle facing the side for feeding the wooden poles 100 so that they can be easily fed to the treatment area and a higher leg at a steeper angle through which the wooden pole 100 rolls out during the treatment is prevented and in the area of the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 are arranged.

Die so ausgeführten Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 sind in der Vorrichtung 1 zum Perforieren soweit voneinander beabstandet, dass eine sichere Auflage des Holzmastes 100 gewährleistet ist und ein ausreichend großer Bereich für die Perforierung zur Verfügung steht. Zwischen den Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 ist auf der der zuführenden Holzmasten abgewandten Seite, radial beabstandet zu dem aufgenommenen Holzmast 100, in radialer Richtung verfahrbar ein Bohrschlitten 30 angeordnet. Der Bohrschlitten 30 ist mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrern 60 bestückt, die in einer oder mehreren Reihen axial zum Holzmast 100 angeordnet sein können. Neben den Bohrern 60 besitzt der Bohrschlitten auf der dem Holzmast 100 zugewandten Seite mindestens einen Abstandssensor 31, mit dessen Hilfe die Eindringtiefe der Bohrer 60 während des Bohrvorgangs gesteuert werden kann. Der Bohrschlitten 30 ist radial in Richtung des Holzmastes 100 verfahrbar angeordnet.The receiving devices 10 and 20 designed in this way are spaced apart so far in the device 1 for perforation that a secure support of the wooden mast 100 is ensured and a sufficiently large area for the perforation is available. Between the receiving devices 10 and 20 on the side facing away from the feeding wooden poles, radially spaced from the recorded wooden pole 100, movable in the radial direction a drilling carriage 30 is arranged. The drilling carriage 30 is equipped with a plurality of drills 60, which may be arranged in one or more rows axially to the wood pole 100. In addition to the drills 60, the drilling carriage has on the side facing the wooden pole 100 at least one distance sensor 31, by means of which the penetration depth of the drill 60 can be controlled during the drilling process. The drilling carriage 30 is arranged to be movable radially in the direction of the wooden mast 100.

Auf der dem Bohrschlitten 30 gegenüberliegenden Seite ist in der Mitte zwischen den Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20, in einem für die Aufnahme eines Holzmastes 100 ausreichenden Abstand zu den Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 eine nach unten wegklappbare Anpresseinrichtung 50 angeordnet, die aus zwei Schenkeln 51, 52 besteht, in denen zwei Anpressrollen 53, 54 eingelagert sind. Die Schenkel 51, 52 sind in ihrem oberen Bereich, in dem auch die Anpressrollen 54, 53 eingelagert sind, in Richtung zu den Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 abgewinkelt, so dass während des Bohrvorgangs mittels der Anpresseinrichtung 50 und den Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 eine Fixierung des Holzmastes 100 möglich ist.On the opposite side of the drilling carriage 30 is in the middle between the receiving devices 10 and 20, in a sufficient for receiving a wooden mast 100 distance to the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 a downwardly fold-away pressing device 50 is arranged, consisting of two legs 51, 52, in which two pressure rollers 53, 54 are stored. The legs 51, 52 are in its upper region, in which the pressure rollers 54, 53 are embedded, angled in the direction of the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24, so that during the drilling operation by means of the pressing device 50 and the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 a fixation of the wooden mast 100 is possible.

Die Anpressrollen 53, 54 in der Anpresseinrichtung 50 sind dabei so angeordnet, dass sie in Richtung des zu fixierenden Holzmastes 100 aus der Anpresseinrichtung 50 herausragen, so dass der Holzstamm 100 zwischen den Rollen 54, 53 fixiert werden kann. Die Anpresseinrichtung 50 ist so ausgeführt, dass sie bei der Zuführung des Holzstammes 100 vom Bohrschlitten weg nach unten geklappt werden kann und so den Weg für die Zuführung des Holzmastes 100 frei macht.The pressure rollers 53, 54 in the pressing device 50 are arranged so that they protrude in the direction of the wood pole 100 to be fixed from the pressing device 50, so that the log can be 100 fixed between the rollers 54, 53. The pressing device 50 is designed so that it can be folded down when feeding the log 100 away from the drilling carriage and thus clears the way for the supply of the wooden mast 100.

Unmittelbar benachbart zum Bohrschlitten 30 ist mindestens ein Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät 40 angeordnet. Das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät 40 besteht aus einem Druckluftzylinder 41 auf dessen Druckstempel 44 ein Elektrodeneinsatz 42 für Messelektroden 43 angeordnet ist.Immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage 30 at least one moisture meter 40 is arranged. The moisture meter 40 consists of a compressed air cylinder 41 on the plunger 44, an electrode insert 42 is arranged for measuring electrodes 43.

Das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät 40 ist seitlich neben dem Bohrschlitten 30 an eine der Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10, 20 entweder auf der dem Bohrschlitten zugewandten Seite oder aber - wie hier gezeigt - auf der abgewandten Seite angeordnet.The moisture meter 40 is arranged laterally next to the drilling carriage 30 on one of the receiving devices 10, 20 either on the side facing the drilling carriage or - as shown here - on the opposite side.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn auf beiden Seiten des Bohrschlittens jeweils ein Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät eingesetzt wird, da auf diese Weise sichergestellt werden kann, dass die Feuchtigkeit über den gesamten, für das Perforieren vorgesehenen Bereich bestimmt wird.It is advantageous if in each case a moisture meter is used on both sides of the drill carriage, since in this way it can be ensured that the moisture is determined over the entire area provided for the perforation.

Das Messprinzip des Feuchtigkeitsmessgerätes 40 beruht auf der Messung des elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen den zwei Messelektroden 43, die als Messspitzen ausgeführt sind und zur Messung der Feuchtigkeit in den Holzmast 100 eingedrückt werden. Diese Messelektroden 43 sind über einen Elektrodeneinsatz 42 und einen Druckstempel 44 mit einem Druckluftzylinder 41 verbunden. Der Elektrodeneinsatz 42 ist so ausgeführt, dass die Messelektroden 43 ausgetauscht werden können. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, Messelektroden 43 in unterschiedlicher Länge einzusetzen.The measuring principle of the moisture meter 40 is based on the measurement of the electrical resistance between the two measuring electrodes 43, which are designed as measuring tips and are pressed into the wood pole 100 for measuring the moisture. These measuring electrodes 43 are connected via an electrode insert 42 and a plunger 44 with a compressed air cylinder 41. The electrode insert 42 is designed so that the measuring electrodes 43 can be exchanged. In this way it is possible to use measuring electrodes 43 in different lengths.

Der Druckluftzylinder 41 hat die Funktion, die Messspitzen 43 zur Messung in den Holzmast 100 zu pressen, wozu er mit einem vorgebbaren Hub sowie einem verstellbaren Niederhalter zum Einstellen des radialen Abstandes zum aufgenommenen Holzmast 100 ausgerüstet ist.The compressed air cylinder 41 has the function of pressing the measuring tips 43 for measurement in the wooden mast 100, for which purpose it is equipped with a predeterminable stroke and an adjustable hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the picked-up wooden mast 100.

Zusätzlich ist der Druckluftzylinder mit einem Taktgeber zum Auslösen des Messvorganges ausgerüstet, wobei eine Taktzeit bis zu 30 Messungen pro Minute möglich sind. Der Takt kann so eingestellt werden, dass eine Messung zeitgleich zu dem jeweiligen Bohrvorgang oder aber zeitversetzt durchgeführt wird.In addition, the air cylinder is equipped with a timer for triggering the measuring process, with a cycle time of up to 30 measurements per minute. The clock can be set so that a measurement is carried out simultaneously with the respective drilling operation or with a time delay.

Das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät 40 ist zusätzlich mit einer nicht dargestellten Steuereinrichtung gekoppelt, die beim Überschreiten eines festgelegten Grenzwertes für die Feuchtigkeit ein Signal abgibt und je nach Anlagenkonfiguration den entsprechenden Holzmast zur weiteren Trocknung aus der Vorrichtung ausschleust.The moisture meter 40 is additionally coupled to a control device, not shown, which emits a signal when a predetermined limit value for the moisture is exceeded and, depending on the system configuration, the corresponding one Extract the wooden pole from the device for further drying.

Anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 wird nunmehr die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Perforieren von Holzmasten zusätzlich erläutert.With reference to Figures 1 and 2, the operation of the device according to the invention for perforating wooden poles will now be explained in addition.

Zur Aufnahme des Holzmastes 100 wird zunächst die Anpresseinrichtung 50 nach unten weggeklappt. Anschließend kann der Holzmast 100 in die wannenförmige Ausbuchtung der Aufnahmeeinrichtungen 10 und 20 eingeführt und dort mittels der Fixierrollen 13, 14 und 23, 24 sowie der Anpressrollen 54, 53 fixiert werden. Nach der Fixierung kann der Bohrvorgang gestartet werden, indem der Bohrschlitten 30 radial in Richtung zum Holzmast 100 verfahren wird. Die Eindringtiefe der Bohrer 60 wird über die Abstandssensoren 31 geregelt.For receiving the wooden mast 100, first the pressing device 50 is folded away downwards. Subsequently, the wooden mast 100 can be inserted into the trough-shaped bulge of the receiving devices 10 and 20 and fixed there by means of the fixing rollers 13, 14 and 23, 24 and the pressure rollers 54, 53. After fixation, the drilling operation can be started by the drilling carriage 30 is moved radially in the direction of the wood pole 100. The penetration depth of the drill 60 is controlled by the distance sensors 31.

Während des Bohrvorganges kann nun die Feuchtigkeit des Holzmastes 100 über das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät 40 bestimmt werden, indem die Messelektroden 43 als Messspitzen 43 mittels eines Druckluftzylinders 41 in das Holz eingedrückt werden. Nach erfolgter Messung werden diese Messspitzen 43 wieder zurückgefahren. Die Feuchtigkeitsmessung kann im Takt zeitgleich aber auch zeitversetzt mit dem Bohrvorgang durchgeführt werden. Dieser Bohr- und Messvorgang wird sooft wiederholt, bis der Holzmast über den Umfang vollständig perforiert und vermessen ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass ca. 10-15 Feuchtigkeitsmessungen über den Umfang des Holzstammes 100 ausreichen, um die Feuchtigkeit des Holzes zuverlässig zu erfassen.During the drilling process, the moisture of the wooden mast 100 can now be determined via the moisture meter 40 by pressing the measuring electrodes 43 as measuring tips 43 into the wood by means of an air cylinder 41. After the measurement, these measuring tips 43 are moved back again. The moisture measurement can be performed in time simultaneously but also with a time delay with the drilling process. This drilling and measuring process is repeated until the wooden mast is completely perforated and measured over the circumference. It has been found that about 10-15 moisture measurements over the circumference of the log 100 sufficient to reliably detect the moisture of the wood.

Danach wird der Holzmast 100 aus der Vorrichtung 1 zum Perforieren entweder weiterverarbeitet und imprägniert oder bei Überschreiten des Feuchtegehalts zum zusätzlichen Trocknen aussortiert.Thereafter, the wood pole 100 is either further processed from the device 1 for perforating and impregnated or at Exceeding the moisture content sorted out for additional drying.

Im hier beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird ein Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät der Firma Gann Meß- und Regeltechnik GmbH, Stuttgart, Gann Hydromat DMT-8 eingesetzt, das einen Messbereich zwischen 10 und 50% Holzfeuchte abdeckt. Die Messzeit beträgt mindestens 1,0 Sekunden und die Taktfolge maximal 30 Messungen pro Minute. Das Gerät ist mit einem Druckluftanschluss von 3 bis 6 bar ausgerüstet. Die Verstellhöhe des Niederhalters zum Einstellen des radialen Abstandes zum aufgenommenen Holzmast 100 beträgt 12 mm.In the embodiment described here, a moisture meter Gann Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH, Stuttgart, Gann Hydromat DMT-8 is used, which covers a range between 10 and 50% wood moisture. The measurement time is at least 1.0 seconds and the clock rate a maximum of 30 measurements per minute. The device is equipped with a compressed air connection of 3 to 6 bar. The adjustment height of the hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the recorded wood pole 100 is 12 mm.

Die Elektroden sind austauschbar und besitzen eine Länge von 40 bzw. 60 mm.The electrodes are interchangeable and have a length of 40 or 60 mm.

Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 zur Perforation von Holzmasten gelingt es, eine ausreichende und zuverlässige Imprägnierung von Holzmasten sicherzustellen. Ausfälle durch holzzerstörende Organismen können auf diese Weise drastisch reduziert werden.With the help of the device 1 according to the invention for the perforation of wooden poles it is possible to ensure a sufficient and reliable impregnation of wooden poles. Failures by wood-destroying organisms can be drastically reduced in this way.

Das beschriebene System zur Sicherstellung der Tränkreife eignet sich für alle Schutzmitteltypen, wie z.B. chromhaltige und chromfreie Holzschutzmittel, für Steinkohlenteeröl und dessen lösmittelhaltige und wasserverdünnbare Modifikate sowie für wässrige und lösemittelhaltige Hydrophobierungen, ohne dass damit eine Einschränkung auf die oben genannten Verfahren verbunden ist.The described system for ensuring the impregnation maturity is suitable for all types of protective agents, such as e.g. chromium-containing and chromium-free wood preservatives, for coal tar oil and its solvent-based and water-dilutable modifiers and for aqueous and solvent-based hydrophobing, without this being a limitation to the above-mentioned methods.

Das beschriebene Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Bestimmung der Holzfeuchte und Tränkreife ist für alle Holzarten und alle Ausformungen geeignet.The method described for the continuous determination of the moisture content and impregnation maturity is suitable for all types of wood and all forms.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Vorrichtung zur PerforationDevice for perforation
1010
Aufnahmeeinrichtungrecording device
1111
Aufnahmewangecheek
1212
Aufnahmewangecheek
1313
Fixierrollefixing
1414
Fixierrollefixing
2020
Aufnahmeeinrichtungrecording device
2121
Aufnahmewangecheek
2222
Aufnahmewangecheek
2323
Fixierrollefixing
2424
Fixierrollefixing
3030
Bohrschlittensliding drill
3131
Abstandssensordistance sensor
4040
Feuchtigkeitsmessgerätmoisture meter
4141
DruckluftzylinderAir Cylinder
4242
Elektrodeneinsatzelectrode insert
4343
Messelektroden, MessspitzenMeasuring electrodes, measuring tips
4444
Druckstempelplunger
5050
Anpresseinrichtungpressing device
5151
Schenkelleg
5252
Schenkelleg
5353
Anpressrollepressure roller
5454
Anpressrollepressure roller
6060
Bohrerdrill
100100
HolzmastHolzmast

Claims (19)

Vorrichtung (1) zur Perforation von Holzmasten, insbesondere in Form von Rundholz, mit - zwei voneinander beabstandeten Aufnahmeeinrichtungen (10, 20) für einen Holzmast (100), - einem Bohrschlitten (30), der radial beabstandet zu dem aufgenommenen Holzmast (100) angeordnet, in radialer Richtung verfahrbar und mit einer Vielzahl von Bohrern (60) bestückt ist, - sowie Einrichtungen zur vorübergehenden Fixierung des aufgenommenen Holzmastes (100) während des Bohrvorgangs zur Perforation des Holzmastes (100), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
unmittelbar benachbart zum Bohrschlitten (60) oder im Bohrschlitten (60) integriert mindestens ein Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) angeordnet ist.
Device (1) for perforating wooden poles, in particular in the form of logs, with two spaced-apart receiving devices (10, 20) for a wooden pole (100), a drilling carriage (30) arranged radially spaced from the accommodated wooden pole (100), movable in the radial direction and equipped with a plurality of drills (60), - and means for temporary fixation of the picked wooden mast (100) during the drilling operation to the perforation of the wooden mast (100), characterized in that
immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage (60) or in the drilling carriage (60) integrated at least one moisture meter (40) is arranged.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) seitlich neben dem Bohrschlitten (30) an einer der Aufnahmeeinrichtungen (10, 20) angeordnet ist.
Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the moisture meter (40) is arranged laterally next to the drilling carriage (30) on one of the receiving devices (10, 20).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
ein zweites Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) unmittelbar benachbart zum Bohrschlitten (30) an der zweiten Aufnahmeeinrichtung (10, 20) angeordnet ist.
Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
a second moisture meter (40) is arranged immediately adjacent to the drilling carriage (30) on the second receiving device (10, 20).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
die Feuchtigkeitsmessgeräte (40) auf den dem Bohrschlitten (60) zugewandten Seiten der Aufnahmeeinrichtungen (10, 20) angeordnet sind.
Device according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized in that
the moisture measuring devices (40) are arranged on the sides of the receiving devices (10, 20) facing the drilling carriage (60).
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) zwei Messelektroden (43), vorzugsweise in Form von Messspitzen, die in den Holzmast (100) eindrückbar sind, aufweist.
Device according to one of claims 1 or 4,
characterized in that
the moisture meter (40) has two measuring electrodes (43), preferably in the form of measuring tips, which can be pressed into the wooden mast (100).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
die Messelektroden (43) auf einem Elektrodeneinsatz (42) befestigt sind.
Device according to claim 5,
characterized in that
the measuring electrodes (43) are mounted on an electrode insert (42).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
die Messelektroden (43) austauschbar sind.
Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6,
characterized in that
the measuring electrodes (43) are interchangeable.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
Messelektroden (43) unterschiedlicher Länge einsetzbar sind.
Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that
Measuring electrodes (43) of different lengths can be used.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
die Messelektroden (43) über den Elektrodeneinsatz und einen Druckstempel (44) mit einem Druckluftzylinder (41) verbunden sind.
Device according to one of claims 5 to 8,
characterized in that
the measuring electrodes (43) are connected to an air cylinder (41) via the electrode insert and a plunger (44).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Druckluftzylinder (41) mit einem einstellbaren, vorgebbaren Hub ausgerüstet ist.
Device according to claim 9,
characterized in that
the compressed air cylinder (41) is equipped with an adjustable, predeterminable stroke.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Druckluftzylinder (41) mit einem verstellbaren Niederhalter zum Einstellen des radialen Abstands zum aufgenommenen Holzmast (100) ausgerüstet ist.
Device according to one of claims 9 or 10,
characterized in that
the compressed air cylinder (41) is equipped with an adjustable hold-down for adjusting the radial distance to the picked-up wooden mast (100).
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Druckluftzylinder (41) mit einem Taktgeber zum Auslösen eines Messvorgangs ausgerüstet ist.
Device according to one of claims 9 to 11,
characterized in that
the compressed air cylinder (41) is equipped with a clock for triggering a measuring operation.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Taktgeber derart ausgelegt ist, dass er bis zu 30 Messungen pro Minute ermöglicht.
Device according to claim 12,
characterized in that
the clock is designed to allow up to 30 measurements per minute.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Taktgeber so einstellbar ist, dass er eine Messung zeitgleich zu dem jeweiligen Bohrvorgang ermöglicht.
Device according to one of claims 12 to 13,
characterized in that
the clock is adjustable so that it allows a measurement at the same time to the respective drilling operation.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
der Taktgeber so einstellbar ist, dass er eine Messung zeitversetzt zu dem jeweiligen Bohrvorgang ermöglicht.
Device according to one of claims 12 to 13,
characterized in that
the clock is adjustable so that it allows a time-shifted measurement to the respective drilling operation.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) eine Einrichtung zur Ermittlung des Feuchtigkeitsgehalts als Funktion des ermittelten elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen den beiden Messelektroden (43) enthält.
Device according to one of claims 1 to 15,
characterized in that
the humidity measuring device (40) contains a device for determining the moisture content as a function of the determined electrical resistance between the two measuring electrodes (43).
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
das Feuchtigkeitsmessgerät (40) mit einer Steuereinrichtung gekoppelt ist, die beim Überschreiten eines festgelegten Grenzwertes für die Feuchtigkeit den Holzmast (100) zur weiteren Trocknung aussortiert.
Device according to one of claims 1 to 16,
characterized in that
the moisture measuring device (40) is coupled to a control device which, when a defined limit value for the moisture is exceeded, rejects the wooden mast (100) for further drying.
Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
die Messelektroden mit einem isolierten Schaft versehen sind.
Device according to one of claims 5 to 17,
characterized in that
the measuring electrodes are provided with an insulated shaft.
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass
bei mindestens einem Bohrerpaar die Bohrer unmittelbar als Messelektroden für eine Feuchtemessung ausgebildet und mit dem Feuchtemessgerät (40) kombiniert sind.
Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that
at least one pair of drills, the drills are directly formed as measuring electrodes for a moisture measurement and combined with the moisture meter (40).
EP05027994A 2005-02-18 2005-12-21 Device for the perforation of wooden poles Not-in-force EP1693171B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200530337T SI1693171T1 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-12-21 Device for the perforation of wooden poles
PL05027994T PL1693171T3 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-12-21 Device for the perforation of wooden poles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200520002735 DE202005002735U1 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-02-18 Device for perforating wooden poles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1693171A1 true EP1693171A1 (en) 2006-08-23
EP1693171B1 EP1693171B1 (en) 2008-05-07

Family

ID=34745609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05027994A Not-in-force EP1693171B1 (en) 2005-02-18 2005-12-21 Device for the perforation of wooden poles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1693171B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE394208T1 (en)
DE (2) DE202005002735U1 (en)
PL (1) PL1693171T3 (en)
SI (1) SI1693171T1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114454264A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-10 南京林业大学 Bamboo strip drilling device and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113276223A (en) * 2021-05-06 2021-08-20 常山县鑫晖清洁用品有限公司 Drilling equipment for processing duster rods

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4071637A (en) * 1976-03-15 1978-01-31 Eisenwerk Weserhutte Ag Process for punching holes and slots in structural timber
WO1996036466A1 (en) * 1995-05-17 1996-11-21 Transelectric Ab Method and device for making holes in a wooden pole or similar
US6202320B1 (en) * 1999-06-03 2001-03-20 Suezone Chow Method of lumber preparation to improve drying and development of a new engineered wood composite
JP2001311729A (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-09 Ono Sokki Co Ltd In-lumber moisture content determination device and in-lumber moisture content determination method
EP1450158A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2004-08-25 Michel Couvreur Method and apparatus to measure the humidity of wood

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4071637A (en) * 1976-03-15 1978-01-31 Eisenwerk Weserhutte Ag Process for punching holes and slots in structural timber
WO1996036466A1 (en) * 1995-05-17 1996-11-21 Transelectric Ab Method and device for making holes in a wooden pole or similar
US6202320B1 (en) * 1999-06-03 2001-03-20 Suezone Chow Method of lumber preparation to improve drying and development of a new engineered wood composite
JP2001311729A (en) * 2000-04-28 2001-11-09 Ono Sokki Co Ltd In-lumber moisture content determination device and in-lumber moisture content determination method
EP1450158A1 (en) * 2003-02-24 2004-08-25 Michel Couvreur Method and apparatus to measure the humidity of wood

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 03 3 April 2002 (2002-04-03) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114454264A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-10 南京林业大学 Bamboo strip drilling device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502005003971D1 (en) 2008-06-19
ATE394208T1 (en) 2008-05-15
EP1693171B1 (en) 2008-05-07
PL1693171T3 (en) 2008-11-28
SI1693171T1 (en) 2008-10-31
DE202005002735U1 (en) 2005-07-07

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