EP1691954A1

EP1691954A1 - Percussion hammer and/or drill hammer comprising a handle which can be guided in a linear manner

Info

Publication number: EP1691954A1
Application number: EP04803257A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rudolf Berger; Wolfgang Schmid
Original assignee: Wacker Construction Equipment AG
Current assignee: Wacker Neuson SE
Priority date: 2003-12-10
Filing date: 2004-11-24
Publication date: 2006-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2024-11-24
Also published as: WO2005056244A1; EP1691954B1; US20080190632A1; JP4686473B2; DE502004008175D1; JP2007513784A; DE10357758A1; CN1863648A; ES2311869T3; CN100471631C

Abstract

The invention relates to a percussion hammer and/or a drill hammer comprising a hammer housing (2), a handle which is preferably embodied as a handle cover (1) and which can be displaced in a working direction (A) in relation to the hammer housing (2) and which surrounds at least one part of the hammer housing (2). Said hammer also comprises a guiding device (7) which is used to guide the handle cover (1) in a linear manner in relation to the hammer housing (2). Said hammer is characterised in that the guiding device (7) comprises a rolling body device (8) which is active between the hammer housing (2) and the handle cover (1). The rolling body device (8) ensures that the handle cover (1) is guided in a stable manner, with respect to tilting, in relation to the hammer housing (2).

Description

Demolition and / or hammer drill with linear guiding device

The invention relates to a breaker and / or hammer drill according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a breaker and / or hammer drill, hereinafter referred to as a hammer, is known from DE 34 47 401 AI. Thereafter, a part of a hammer housing, in which, among other things, a drive for the hammer and a striking mechanism driven by the drive are arranged, is surrounded by a grip device designed as a grip hood. Handles for the operator are provided on the handle hood. A guide device consisting of parallel rockers enables the handle cover to be displaced linearly relative to the hammer housing when the operator presses the hammer against the rock to be machined using the handles. The parallel swing arms are still connected with torsion springs to allow vibration damping for the handle cover.

A similar principle is known from EP 0 949 988 B1. In this case, a handle is provided axially behind a hammer housing and is guided in a linearly movable manner relative to the hammer housing via a guide device. The guide device consists of several straight guides, each having an inner guide element and an outer guide element surrounding the inner guide element at a distance, an elastic element being inserted between the inner and the outer guide element. The elastic element points in the working direction of the hammer, i. H. in the direction of the longitudinal or impact axis of the hammer, greater elasticity than in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis. As a result, the guide device enables good vibration decoupling in the working direction, while the hammer can be held securely transversely to the working direction.

The described guide devices for linearly guiding a handle or a handle device relative to the hammer housing have proven themselves well in practice. Nevertheless, their implementation requires additional installation space and a construction effort due to an increased number of individual parts. The invention is based on the object of specifying a breaker and / or hammer drill with a guiding device which is improved in terms of its guiding action for linear guiding of a grip device relative to a hammer housing while at the same time maintaining or improving vibration-damping properties and reducing construction costs.

According to the invention the object is achieved by a breaker and / or hammer drill according to claim 1. Advantageous further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

A breaker and / or hammer drill according to the invention is characterized in that the guide device has a rolling element device which is effective between the hammer housing and the handle device. The linear guide that can be implemented by the rolling element device enables the handle device to be reliably guided linearly relative to the hammer housing. Because the rolling element device allows a definable or minimizable friction effect between the handle device and hammer housing, a vibration decoupling effect can be set precisely. With a rolling element device, minimal friction values can be achieved, which allow a good relative movement between the handle device and the hammer housing, so that the vibrations of the hammer housing are not transmitted to the handle device. In addition, it is possible that completely separate guide elements no longer have to be provided for the guide device, as in the prior art. Rather, both the handle device and the hammer housing can be used as components of the guide device, as will be explained later.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide device is provided on the side of the hammer housing, based on the working direction (direction of impact, main direction). This allows an axial extension of the hammer, such as. B. from EP 0 949 988 B1 avoid. The lateral arrangement of the guide device does not lead to an increase in the overall length of the hammer.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the handle device surrounds tion the hammer housing at a distance, so that a space is formed. The guide device is arranged in the space between the hammer housing and the handle device. It therefore requires no additional housing and also no additional installation space, since due to the relative mobility between the handle device and hammer housing, an intermediate space is required anyway to allow the relative movement.

The rolling element device advantageously provides a defined spring property transversely to the working direction, that is to say transversely to the longitudinal or impact direction. As a result, in addition to the linear mobility, the grip device can also be moved transversely to the working direction relative to the hammer housing. Of course, the transverse mobility should be significantly less than the longitudinal mobility, in order to enable the hammer to be guided well over the handle device or over the handle or handles. On the other hand, this also enables a small angular offset between the hammer housing and the handle device, which in particular reduces the occurrence of transverse vibrations on the handle.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rolling element device has a plurality of rolling elements which are rotatably fastened to the handle device and to which guide tracks provided on the outside of the hammer housing are assigned. The rolling elements can roll accordingly on the guideways of the hammer housing, whereby a very simple, robust linear guide is achieved. Apart from the guideways, which can be part of the hammer housing, no additional construction work is required on the hammer housing side. The rolling elements can be purchased parts that can be easily attached to the inside of the handle device. Since the commercially available rolling elements, e.g. B. plastic rollers, usually already equipped with bearings (plain bearings, roller bearings), the additional construction costs can be kept low.

The rolling elements are advantageously held against the guideways by a spring device with a defined force. The spring device can accordingly be provided in each case between the rolling bodies and the handle device. This makes it possible to adjust the mobility of the handle device relative to the hammer housing precisely.

In an alternative or additional embodiment, the rolling elements have a defined spring property and thus a deformability in their radial direction. This is possible in particular if the rolling elements are made of an elastic plastic material or have at least one running surface made of plastic. In this case, the rolling elements can be attached directly to the handle device by means of bearings. Due to the elastic deformability of the rolling elements relative to the guideways on which the rolling elements roll, there is sufficient transverse mobility of the grip device relative to the hammer housing.

Advantageously, a longitudinal spring device acting in the working direction is provided between the hammer housing and the handle device. The longitudinal spring device, which in addition to spring elements can also include damper devices, ensures reliable vibration decoupling of the vibrations occurring during operation of the hammer. The result of this is that the handle device and in particular the handle provided on the handle device transmits only slight vibrations to the operator. Passive elements (eg rubber buffers) as well as active or semi-damping or decoupling devices are suitable as damping devices.

The extent of the hammer housing in the working direction is advantageously greater than in a direction transverse to the working direction. As a result, the hammer has an elongated extension, which benefits the possibility of longitudinal guidance between the handle device and the hammer housing.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hammer housing has a non-changing outer cross-sectional shape at least in a housing section that extends in the working direction. The guide tracks can then be provided in a simple manner in this partial housing area. In this way, e.g. B. an extruded guide cylinder can be used for the hammer housing, the uniform outer contour of which requires only a small amount of machining to produce the guide cable cars required. With appropriate manufacturing quality, even the guideways can already be manufactured during extrusion, which results in a considerable reduction in manufacturing costs. In the ideal case, it is possible in this way that the components of the guide device provided on the hammer housing can be produced without additional manufacturing outlay.

If the housing section is the guide cylinder for the striking mechanism, the striking mechanism can also advantageously be arranged in the housing section.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer cross-sectional shape of the hammer housing is essentially prismatic. One or more edges of the prism can be overlapped by the rolling elements attached to the gripping device.

The handle device represents a type of carrier for the handle or handles. In a particularly advantageous further development of the invention, the handle device is designed as a handle hood which surrounds at least part of the hammer housing. The grip hood can enclose the hammer housing in the form of a hood or bowl, as is the case, for. B. is known from DE 34 47 401 AI. The handles are then attached to the outside of the handle hood or connected in one piece to it.

These and other advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of the accompanying figures. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a breaker and / or hammer drill according to the invention in a lateral overall view.

FIG. 2 shows the hammer from FIG. 1, with a front cover of a handle hood being removed; and

3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2.

1 shows a schematic side view of an opening according to the invention. break and / or hammer drill, hereinafter referred to as a hammer. The same view is shown in FIG. 2, but with a front part of a handle hood 1 serving as a handle device being removed, so that a schematically illustrated hammer housing 2 is visible in the interior thereof.

On the outside of the handle cover 1, two handles 3 are attached, on which an operator can hold the hammer. At the lower end of the handle cover 1 or the hammer housing 2, a tool holder 4 emerges, in which a tool, for. B. a drill or a chisel can be fastened.

Such a structure is known in principle from DE 34 47 401 AI.

The hammer housing 2 has a drive housing 5, in which a motor drive, a crank drive, etc. are provided in a known manner. Arranged below the drive housing 5 is a hammer mechanism housing 6, which also belongs to the hammer housing 2 and in which a hammer movement is generated from the drive movement generated by the motor and is finally applied to the tool (not shown). The operation of such a hammer is known and should therefore not be discussed further at this point.

Between the handle cover 1 and the plastic or metal hammer housing 2, a guide device 7 is provided, which has at least one linear guide of the handle cover 1 relative to the hammer housing 2 in the working direction A (direction of impact, longitudinal direction) of the hammer, but preferably also a guide of the handle cover 1 relative to the hammer housing 2 transversely to the working direction and in a direction of rotation around the lay axis in the working direction.

The guide device 7 has a rolling element device 8 which comprises a plurality of rolling elements 9. In the example shown in FIG. 2, four rolling elements 9 can be seen.

The rolling elements 9 are rotatably fastened on the inside of the handle hood 1. The rolling elements 9 can be purchased parts. 3 shows but a special production of the rolling elements 9. The rolling elements 9 shown there have plastic rollers 9a (eg elastomer rollers), which are each supported via roller bearings 10 on an axis 11 held in the handle cover 1.

The plastic rollers 9a roll over guide tracks 12 which run parallel to the longitudinal direction A on the outside of the hammer housing. If it is in the hammer housing 2 or the striking mechanism housing 6 is an extruded profile, such as. 2 and 3, for example, the guideways 12 can already be produced by the extrusion process. If necessary, only a slight reworking of the guideways 12 is required.

In order to achieve the best possible guidance between the handle cover 1 and the hammer housing 2, in particular to ensure sufficient tilting stability, it is expedient if the hammer housing 2, in particular the hammer mechanism housing 6 belonging to the hammer housing 2, extends more in the longitudinal direction than in one Direction across. This can also be seen in FIG. 2. The rolling elements 9 arranged in pairs (upper pair and lower pair) then represent a reliable anti-tipping device on account of their relatively large axial distance in relation to the working direction A.

In one embodiment, not shown in the figures, the rolling element devices 8 are each held by a spring device on the inside of the handle cover 1, as a result of which the rolling elements 9 or the plastic rollers 9a are pressed against the guide tracks 12 with a defined force. As a result, the transverse mobility of the handle hood 1 relative to the hammer housing 2 can be set particularly precisely.

The plastic rollers 9 a can preferably also consist of an elastic material, so that they have a certain deformability in their radial direction. This makes it possible for the handle hood 1 to also be movable transversely to the hammer housing 2 against the spring action of the elastic material of the plastic rollers 9a.

To improve the vibration decoupling of the handle cover 1, in particular Isolation of the vibrations acting in the hammer housing 2 during operation of the hammer, a longitudinal spring device 13 is provided between the handle cover 1 and hammer housing 2. The longitudinal spring device 13 comprises springs, which can be preloaded, so that the grip hood 1 can only be moved relative to the hammer housing 2 after the prestressing effect has been overcome. The longitudinal spring device 13 ensures that the grip hood 1 returns to the initial state relative to the hammer housing 2 after relief.

The longitudinal spring device 13 can also have damping elements that allow an adaptation of the damping effect. These damping elements can be passive, active or semi-active dampers or decoupling devices, which as such are already known from the prior art.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the hammer housing 2, in particular the striking mechanism housing 6 belonging to the hammer housing 2, can have a prismatic cross section in principle, in which the outer cross-sectional shape corresponds at least schematically to a prism.

As can also be seen from FIG. 3, it is then possible in a particularly advantageous manner that the guideways 12 are formed precisely in the region of the edges of the prism shape. Of course, the edges need not be sharply drawn, but can have a cylindrical curvature, as shown in FIG. 3. It is then possible for the plastic rollers 9a to have a hollow-groove outer contour with which they guide the guideways 12, i. H. can grasp the "edges" of the prism as shown in FIG. 3. In this way, it can already be ensured with the two rolling bodies 9 shown in FIG. 3 that the grip hood 1 is guided relative to the hammer housing 2 and cannot break out in a direction perpendicular to the drive direction A.

Conversely, of course, the guide tracks 12 can also form depressions in which the plastic rollers 9a roll in a laterally guided manner.

Conversely, it may also be expedient to rotate the rolling elements 9 with the lowest possible coefficients of friction in order to isolate the vibration by other means. re elements, in particular by the longitudinal spring device 13 to ensure.

Since there is almost exclusively rolling movement with the least possible sliding movement between the handle cover 1 and the hammer housing 2, wear can be minimized. This is particularly important because the handle hood 1 is not sealed on its underside, so that dust, dirt and moisture can penetrate there during operation of the hammer. Of course, however, the rolling elements 8 and in particular their plain bearings or rolling bearings 10 should be sealed in a commercially available manner. However, additional sealing of the guide area, in particular of the guide tracks 12, is not necessary.

The embodiment was explained using a hammer with a hood 1. Instead of the handle hood 1, a differently designed carrier can also be used for the handle or handles 3. For example, it is not necessary for the carrier to surround the hammer housing in the form of a hood. Rather, an open design, e.g. B. a cage construction can be used.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Breaking and / or hammer drill, with a hammer housing (2), in which at least part of a drive (5) and an impact mechanism (6) are arranged, one movable in a working direction (A) relative to the hammer housing (2) Handle device (1), on which at least one handle (3) is provided, and with a guide device (7) for linearly guiding the handle device (1) relative to the hammer housing (2), characterized in that the guide device (7) has a rolling element device (8) which is effective between the hammer housing (2) and the handle device (1).

2. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide device (7), based on the working direction (A), is provided on the side of the hammer housing (2).

3. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the handle device (1) surrounds the hammer housing (2) at a distance, so that a space is formed, and that the guide device (7) in the space between the hammer housing (2) and the handle device (1) is arranged.

4. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rolling element device (8) grants a defined spring property transversely to the working direction (A), such that the handle device (1) transversely to the working direction ( A) is movable relative to the hammer housing (2).

5. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rolling element device (8) has rolling elements (9) which are rotatably mounted on the handle device (1) and which on the outside of the hammer housing (2nd ) are provided, or which are rotatably attached to the hammer housing (2) and which are provided on the inside of the handle device (1). tion tracks (12) are assigned.

6. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to claim 5, characterized in that the rolling elements (9) are each held by a spring device or by the elastic action of the handle device (1) with a defined force against the guideways (12).

7. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the rolling elements (8, 9) have a defined spring characteristic and thus have a deformability in their radial direction.

8. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the hammer housing (2) and the handle device (1) in the working direction (A) acting longitudinal spring device (13) is provided.

9. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the extent of the hammer housing (2) in the working direction (A) is greater than in a direction transverse to the working direction (A).

10. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hammer housing (2) has a non-changing outer cross-sectional shape at least in a housing portion (6) extending in the working direction (A).

11. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to claims 5 and 10, characterized in that the guide tracks (12) are provided in the housing portion (6).

12. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 10 or

11, characterized in that the striking mechanism is arranged in the housing section (6).

13. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 10 to

12, characterized in that the outer cross-sectional shape corresponds substantially to a prism shape and that at least one of the Rolling body (9) overlaps an edge of the prism shape.

14. Breaking and / or hammer drill according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the handle device is designed as a handle hood (1) which surrounds at least part of the hammer housing (2).