EP1691094A1 - Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel - Google Patents

Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1691094A1
EP1691094A1 EP05100983A EP05100983A EP1691094A1 EP 1691094 A1 EP1691094 A1 EP 1691094A1 EP 05100983 A EP05100983 A EP 05100983A EP 05100983 A EP05100983 A EP 05100983A EP 1691094 A1 EP1691094 A1 EP 1691094A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
joint
holding elements
universal joint
forks
coupling element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05100983A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1691094B1 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Gross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP20050100983 priority Critical patent/EP1691094B1/fr
Priority to DE200550005611 priority patent/DE502005005611D1/de
Publication of EP1691094A1 publication Critical patent/EP1691094A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1691094B1 publication Critical patent/EP1691094B1/fr
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/28—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected in which the interconnecting pivots include elastic members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a universal joint having two joint forks, wherein one of the joint forks with a driven shaft or drive shaft and the other yoke with a driven shaft or output shaft is connected or connected, and wherein the two joint forks rotated 90 ° to each other radially are arranged so that the two joint forks form an interior, wherein the universal joint is associated with an elastic coupling element.
  • Cardan joints are commonly used when two torque transmitting shafts whose alignment is not always guaranteed to be connected together.
  • the universal joint usually consists of two opposite, offset by 90 ° to each other joint forks, each representing one end of the two hinged to each other to be connected waves.
  • a spider is arranged, which consists of two mutually offset by 90 ° pin carrier, wherein the spider is made in one piece, so that the two pin carrier are rigidly interconnected.
  • the peg carriers are in each case rotatably mounted about the axis in the two joint forks.
  • a torsionally elastic coupling with a so-called Hardy disk, as an axially elastic coupling element or a loop disk.
  • the Hardy disc is arranged for example in the steering column between the lower universal joint and a steering box or steering gear or between the universal joints.
  • the stiff in the direction of rotation Hardy disc is designed such that it is soft in the axial direction of the steering column. Due to the principle, the bending stiffness of the Hardy disk is relatively low. This causes a distortion of the Hardy disc with the bending moments from the universal joint, if the Hardy disc is arranged as usual in series with the universal joint.
  • EP 0 563 940 B1 relates to a universal joint with two opposite, offset by 90 ° staggered forks, each of which is part of each of two articulated joints to be connected to each other, or each with one of two hingedly connected to each other shaft ends are connectable ,
  • the universal joint has two offset by 90 ° from each other, a spider forming pin pairs, which are rotatable in the respective fork ends about its axis and, relative to the axis of rotation of the waves, mounted to transmit torque.
  • the two pin pairs are at least slightly pivoted against each other in the plane formed by the spider, with each pin is mounted in an anchor block.
  • Mutually adjacent anchor blocks are connected to each other by an elastic coupling element.
  • the elastic coupling element contains fixed, loop-shaped reinforcing inserts, each two connect adjacent anchor blocks together.
  • the loop-shaped reinforcing inserts lie along the circumference of the universal joint in a loop plane which is perpendicular to the plane of the spider.
  • One of the main disadvantages of the universal joint disclosed in EP 0 563 940 B1 is that the two pairs of pins connect differently to one another by their own pins: one pair uses a continuous bolt, the other pair is configured by two short pins which are connected by an additional bolt Connecting piece to be interconnected.
  • a different production tool is required for the production of each pin or pin pair, whereby the production of the universal joint is extremely expensive.
  • the required connector also limits the axial and radial freedom of movement of the joint.
  • the axial space requirement is optimized.
  • a further disadvantage is that the disclosed in EP 0 563 940 B1 universal joint in its construction is very expensive and thus very prone to failure.
  • a disadvantage is further to see that the forks in the width small and their fork bearings thus larger (more expensive) must be performed in order to transmit meaningful sizes sufficient torque. If the flexible ring is damaged in the universal joint of EP 0 563 940 B1, a replacement ring must be supplied radially via the anchors. In addition, the universal joint is difficult to balance, especially in fast-rotating waves.
  • EP 0 160 599 describes an elastic coupling unit with a first and a second fork joint for attachment to a respective driving element and a driven element.
  • the fork joints have legs arranged in such a way that the legs of the first fork joint and of the second fork joint are nested one inside the other.
  • a trim panel is fixed, wherein the surfaces of these two trim panels are arranged almost perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the unit, that an elastomeric connector is attached to these trim panels.
  • Each trim is attached to the respective fork joint by means of a recessed into at least one opening of the trim and recessed in the legs of the yoke recessed bolt.
  • GB 942,495 discloses a connection for shafts.
  • the compound has a flexible disc with coupling elements, which are each arranged on one side of the disc.
  • Each coupling element is associated with a shaft to be connected.
  • the coupling elements are rotated at a right angle around the disc, and are normal to the disc axis.
  • an angular orientation of the connected shafts can be adjusted by rotating the coupling elements without bending the disc.
  • the disc is wholly or partly made of plastic, rubber or similar elastic material, so that it is free of bending during the connection.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a universal joint of the type mentioned in simple terms so that this is cheaper to produce economically, without the elastic coupling element must pass significant bending moments.
  • the object is achieved in that the joint forks and their fork legs are associated with bearings which form an axis of rotation for a holding element, which is associated with the respective yoke, wherein the two holding elements are arranged radially rotated by 90 ° to each other and executed identical to each other, and wherein the retaining elements engage in the bearings by means of pins arranged thereon, and wherein the retaining elements are connected to one another via the elastic coupling element.
  • the respective holding elements can be manufactured or processed in a single production tool.
  • a universal joint is provided, which is clearly cheaper to produce in the production for economic reasons, because the respective holding elements can be manufactured or processed with only a single production tool, thereby simultaneously Logistics and storage costs can be reduced, since a separate storage or disposable position, for example, just in time different holding elements can be omitted.
  • the universal joint according to the invention can thus be dispensed with a previously customary arranged in series elastic Entkoppelungsglied (additional elastic coupling).
  • the elastic coupling element is advantageously arranged parallel to the universal joint.
  • a parallel arrangement means that the elastic coupling element is directly associated with the universal joint.
  • the universal joint in unity with the integrated elastic coupling element is easier and less expensive to manufacture.
  • a universal joint is provided, which meets high demands with respect to the torsional backlash and the bearing friction.
  • the pins are oriented with their free end of an inner side opposite the inner side of the fork legs to the interior in the fork legs or in the bearings arranged therein.
  • the pins or the holding elements are arranged on the outside relative to the hinge center axis
  • the elastic coupling element can be advantageous as a torsionally rigid, bending-elastic or axially elastic ring z.
  • the respective pin can engage in the respective associated bearing, it is expedient in the context of the invention, when the respective holding element has two relative to the joint center axis diametrically opposite pin portions which carry the respective pin.
  • the holding elements have at least one crossing region, wherein the crossing regions, or the holding elements to each other have a freedom, so that the holding elements in the at least one crossing region are spatially spaced from each other sufficiently to an axial compliance in accordance with the stiffness of the coupling element and to allow an inclination or angular entanglement of the universal joint.
  • the holding element has a fastening region with a transverse web and a base web arranged thereon, wherein the elastic coupling element is connectable to the base web.
  • the attachment region is L-shaped as seen in the side view.
  • the respective pin portion is assigned to the crosspiece such that the pin is oriented with its free end to the interior, wherein the base web is directed radially away from the interior, that is oriented radially outward.
  • the elastic coupling element may for example consist of rubber or the like.
  • a screw connection, riveting, vulcanization or the like may be provided.
  • the holding element associated with the respective yoke is designed as a ring clamp, which are designed semicircular in a side view, with both ring clamps crossing each other as seen in the side view.
  • the mutually spatially separated holding elements on a single crossing area is expediently provided.
  • the respective holding elements are designed as a support ring or annulus, which cross as seen in the side view twice.
  • the spatially separated holding elements have exactly two intersection areas.
  • the universal joint according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a steering column of a motor vehicle, with respect to a conventional universal joint axial shocks areshowfiltbar.
  • This behavior is particularly desirable in steering column designs, since axial shocks z. B. can be prevented by street stimuli so from a steering wheel without losses in terms of torsional stiffness must be taken into account.
  • the integration of the elasticity by the double-rotatably mounted elastic coupling element in the universal joint or around this avoids that in addition to an axial compliance and a flexural rigidity must be provided.
  • the axial compliance can be made larger, so that insulation properties are improved over conventional elastic couplings in steering column designs.
  • the integrated elastic coupling element must pass no significant bending moments, since the elastic coupling element is held in the axis of moments by bearings without bending. This allows an ideal compliance property in the axial direction without bending resistors with optimum rigidity in the direction of rotation.
  • the large axial compliance of the joint can favor the elimination of a usual Verschiebegelenkes in the steering column, which must compensate for installation tolerances and street excitations.
  • the integration of the ring according to the invention allows easy feeding of the flexible ring in the axial direction.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show a universal joint 1, which has two joint forks 2.
  • One of the joint forks 2 is connected to a driven shaft 3 or drive shaft 3, wherein the other joint fork 2 is connected to a shaft 4 or output shaft 4 to be driven.
  • the two joint forks 2 are arranged radially rotated by 90 ° to each other, so that the two joint forks 2 form an interior space 6.
  • the universal joint 1 is associated with an elastic coupling element 7.
  • the joint forks 2 is associated with a pair of holding elements 8, which is formed from two identical, spatially separated holding elements 9, which are arranged radially rotated by 90 ° to each other.
  • the holding elements 9 are rotatably mounted with their respective pins 11 arranged in the respective associated joint forks 2 or in the fork legs 12 in bearings 13.
  • the holding elements 9 are connected to each other via the elastic coupling element 7. Due to the selected side view, only one joint fork 2 with its two fork legs 12 is completely recognizable in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the respective shaft 3 and 4 is made in one piece with the joint forks 2.
  • the joint forks 2 can also be connected as separate components with suitable connection methods with the respective shafts 3 and 4 or stored on these.
  • the bearings 13 in the fork legs 12 are designed as a single-row bearing with a radially oriented axis of rotation, for example, as a roller bearing, for example, needle or ball bearings, but can also be designed as a sliding bearing. At least one of the two bearings 13 per yoke 2 can still absorb radial joint forces in addition to the axial joint forces.
  • the bearings 13 are suitably radially to a Joint axis in the joint yokes 2 and their fork legs 12 fixed. Possible embodiments are, for example, interference fit, gluing or positive engagement (shoulder system, spring ring or the like) of the bearing outer rings in the joint forks 2 or their fork legs 12.
  • the holding elements 9 are designed as ring clamps 14. Since both ring clamps 14 are configured identically, only one will be described below.
  • the ring clamp 14 has a semicircular base ring 16 and the end arranged on this mounting portions 17 which merge into pin sections 18.
  • the pin portions 18 each carry the pin 11th
  • the pins 11 engage in relation to a joint center axis 19 in opposite directions respectively in the associated fork legs 12 and in the bearing 13 received therein.
  • the pins 11 are oriented with their free end 21 of an inner space 6 opposite outer side 22 to the inner space 6.
  • the pin portion 18 and thus the pin 11 is located on the outside of the joint forks 2 and their fork legs 12 relative to the hinge center axis 19, wherein the pin portion 18 rests against a side facing the outside 22 of the bearing 13.
  • the ring clamps 14 are therefore seen in the side view slightly larger than the joint forks 2, in order to encompass them with their respective pin portion 18, so that the pin 11 can engage from the outside 22 in the bearing 13.
  • the respective attachment region 17 is seen in the side view ( Figure 1) L-shaped with a transverse web 23 and a base web 24 arranged thereon.
  • the base web 24 is slightly thicker in FIG. 1 than the transverse web 23.
  • the base web 24 extends perpendicularly away from the joint center axis 19 in a radially outward direction.
  • the pin portion 18 with his Pin 11 is arranged at the side 22 oriented to the outside of the crosspiece 23 .
  • the two holding elements 9 and ring clamps 14 have a single crossing region, wherein the holding elements 9 and the ring clamps 14 are spatially spaced from each other.
  • an axial compliance in accordance with the axial stiffness of the coupling element 7 is provided.
  • the axial gap permits inclination 32 or angular entanglement.
  • the elastic coupling element 7 is designed in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 as a ring, or circular ring round, polygonal or polygonal shape, preferably as torsionally rigid, bending-elastic or axially elastic ring and with the mounting portions 17 and the base webs 24 connected.
  • the elastic coupling element 7, like the ring clamps 14, is guided around the outer side 22 of the respective yoke 2 or its fork leg 12.
  • the elastic coupling element 7 is made of a rubber, for example.
  • a connection with the respective holding element 9, for example, a screw, rivet, vulcanization or the like may be provided.
  • the connection is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in principle by means of a dot-dashed line 26, wherein in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 3, only one connection can be seen from a retaining element 9 of the retaining element pair 8 with the elastic coupling element 7 due to the selected representation.
  • the elastic coupling element 7 Seen in the radial direction, the elastic coupling element 7 protrudes somewhat beyond the base web 24, but can also terminate flush therewith or can be made somewhat smaller in the radial direction.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 A further embodiment of the universal joint 1 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the pins 11 engage the bearings 13 in opposite directions with respect to the hinge center axis 19, wherein the hinge center axis 19 also represents an axis of symmetry in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the holding elements 9 are configured in this embodiment as a support ring 27.
  • the support rings 27 have, in contrast to the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2, a fully circular base ring 28 which is guided as before about the outer sides 22 of the joint forks 2 and the fork leg 12, wherein the support ring 27 also has two mounting portions 17 si associated.
  • the mounting portions 17 are as previously described L -shaped with the transverse web 23 and arranged on this base web 24.
  • the respective crossbar 23 is in turn assigned a respective pin portion 19, each carrying the pin 11.
  • the pin portions 19 of the respective support ring 27 are arranged as the attachment portions 17 directly opposite one another, so that the pins 11 are oriented with their free end 21 facing each other.
  • the respective holding elements 9, viewed in longitudinal section or in the side view, are arranged axially offset with their central axis.
  • the respective holding elements 9 can also be arranged congruently with their central axis.
  • the embodiment as a semicircular retaining element 9 as shown as a ring clamp 14 in Figures 1 and 2 offers the advantage of easy radial maintenance (replacing the retaining element 9) without joint removal or the separation of the joint 1 of the shafts 3 and 4.
  • This advantage can also be in a possible embodiment of the axially offset support ring 27 not as shown in Figures 3 and 4 shown as a closed ring, but as a semi-circular axially offset holding member 9 use.
  • the elastic coupling element 7 is selected with regard to the slightly required bending stiffness such that it is ensured that a rotation of the holding element 9,14,27 or its pin 11 in inclination (inclination 32) and rotation of the yoke 2 can take place to a frictional torque according to overcome the selected clearance in the bearings 13. In the axial direction allows the elastic coupling element 7 so a yielding, which can be used for isolation, while the contour of the elastic coupling element 7 provides a high torsional rigidity.
  • the universal joint 1 can be made smaller in an embodiment according to Figures 1 to 4 designed as a ring elastic coupling element 7 than, for example, with a arranged in the interior of 6 disc or with a circular ring there, so that an axial flexibility same rotational stiffness compared to an internal flexible coupling element can be increased.
  • the universal joint 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is particularly suitable for use in a steering column of a motor vehicle.
  • the waves 3 and 4 are shown aligned with each other.
  • the universal joint maintains the rotation transmission.
  • the angled position is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 by means of the inclination angle 32.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
EP20050100983 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel Expired - Fee Related EP1691094B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20050100983 EP1691094B1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel
DE200550005611 DE502005005611D1 (de) 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Axiale Isolierung für ein kardanisches Kreuzgelenk

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20050100983 EP1691094B1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1691094A1 true EP1691094A1 (fr) 2006-08-16
EP1691094B1 EP1691094B1 (fr) 2008-10-08

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Family Applications (1)

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EP20050100983 Expired - Fee Related EP1691094B1 (fr) 2005-02-11 2005-02-11 Isolement axial pour un croissillon d'un joint universel

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EP (1) EP1691094B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005005611D1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1702363A (en) * 1927-07-14 1929-02-19 Almetal Universal Joint Compan Universal joint
GB942495A (en) 1961-06-26 1963-11-20 Metalastik Ltd Improvements in or relating to universal couplings
US4121437A (en) * 1976-03-12 1978-10-24 Jean Louis Michel Ring and yoke type universal joint
EP0160599A1 (fr) 1984-04-04 1985-11-06 Nacam Dispositif d'accouplement élastique, notamment pour colonne de direction de véhicule automobile
US4850933A (en) 1987-09-21 1989-07-25 Mobil Oil Corporation Flexible coupling
EP0563940A2 (fr) 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Fiedler, Kurt Joint universel élastique
US5551919A (en) * 1992-02-26 1996-09-03 The Torrington Company Steering column assembly
WO2001051823A1 (fr) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Fiedler Kurt H Joint universel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1702363A (en) * 1927-07-14 1929-02-19 Almetal Universal Joint Compan Universal joint
GB942495A (en) 1961-06-26 1963-11-20 Metalastik Ltd Improvements in or relating to universal couplings
US4121437A (en) * 1976-03-12 1978-10-24 Jean Louis Michel Ring and yoke type universal joint
EP0160599A1 (fr) 1984-04-04 1985-11-06 Nacam Dispositif d'accouplement élastique, notamment pour colonne de direction de véhicule automobile
US4850933A (en) 1987-09-21 1989-07-25 Mobil Oil Corporation Flexible coupling
US5551919A (en) * 1992-02-26 1996-09-03 The Torrington Company Steering column assembly
EP0563940A2 (fr) 1992-04-01 1993-10-06 Fiedler, Kurt Joint universel élastique
WO2001051823A1 (fr) * 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Fiedler Kurt H Joint universel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1691094B1 (fr) 2008-10-08
DE502005005611D1 (de) 2008-11-20

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