EP1689637B1 - Breath-hold diving life-jacket - Google Patents
Breath-hold diving life-jacket Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1689637B1 EP1689637B1 EP04769071A EP04769071A EP1689637B1 EP 1689637 B1 EP1689637 B1 EP 1689637B1 EP 04769071 A EP04769071 A EP 04769071A EP 04769071 A EP04769071 A EP 04769071A EP 1689637 B1 EP1689637 B1 EP 1689637B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diver
- jacket
- life
- breath
- electronic device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
- B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
- B63C9/11—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like covering the torso, e.g. harnesses
- B63C9/125—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like covering the torso, e.g. harnesses having gas-filled compartments
- B63C9/1255—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like covering the torso, e.g. harnesses having gas-filled compartments inflatable
Definitions
- the invention relates to life jacket intended to protected divers while breath-hold (free) diving.
- One of these jackets is known from US-A-5800228.
- Section B Performing Operations
- Group B 63 C including Life-saving in water
- Subgroup 9/08 including Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits or the like.
- the invention also belongs to the Section A - Human Necessities; Group A 62 B - including Devices, apparatus, or methods for life-saving; Subgroup 35/00 - including Safety belts or body harnesses.
- the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs depends on the dive depth.
- the partial pressure at 10 m depth is twice larger than at the surface, at 20 m it is three times larger, etc. Therefore, the diver, who is at a certain depth, apparently has enough oxygen in the lungs and has no feeling of air hunger.
- the environmental pressure decreases and the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs suddenly falls.
- the described invention deals with solving this problem.
- the essence of the invention is the breath-take diving life jacket, designed and built, when inflated, to keep the diver's head above the water.
- the jacket is activated and inflated automatically when it is detected that the diver is unconscious. It is activated by an electronic device that detects the beginning of the dive by detecting the increase of the outer pressure, turning itself active. When the outer pressure falls below a certain value, the electronic device detects surfacing and automatically starts countdown. At this moment, the diver is at the surface and, if conscious, he stops the countdown by pressing a button.
- the electronic device activates a sound alarm for a few seconds (up to 5 sec.), warning the diver that he did not switch the timer off. If the diver still does not react, it is highly likely that he is unconscious, and the electronic device automatically activates the pressured gas cylinder that inflates the life jacket which, again, positions the diver's head above the water surface.
- the critical stage of a breath-take dive is the surfacing.
- the diver's face remains immersed in the water and, when an uncontrolled inhalation occurs, the lungs are filled with water and the diver drowns.
- the purpose of the invention is to keep the diver's head above the water surface in case of unconsciousness. In such case, when the muscles are relaxed, the diver starts breathing normally. In great many cases this is sufficient to safe the life of a diver who, after a few inhalations, wakes naturally from the state of unconsciousness.
- the breath-take diving life-jacket comprises: the front and the back air bags, the front one being larger, fixed to the shoulder straps that keep the life jacket on the diver's body; the elastic belt with fastener that fixes the jacket around the diver's waist or chest; the compressed gas cylinder that, in case of drowning hazard, automatically activates and inflates the air bags, the life jacket rising the diver's head above the surface if it is detected that the diver floats unconscious; and the electronic device that controls the life jacket and comprises: the pressure sensor that detects the beginning of the dive and the surfacing, the controlling logics (micro-controller) that controls all functions of the device, the electromagnetic trigger that activates the gas cylinder, the manual switch by which the diver stops countdown of the automatic activation of the electromagnetic trigger, the sound alarm that additionally warns the diver to press the manual switch if he is conscious, and batteries that power the electronic device.
- the electronic device that controls the life jacket and comprises: the pressure sensor that detects the beginning of the dive and the surfacing, the controlling
- the inflated life jacket is to be shaped to keep the diver's mouth as higher from the surface as possible, providing free inhalation of air and preventing the diver to sink and drown.
- the breath-take diving life-jacket may be embodied as a life-jacket independent from the existing diving equipment, or as a part of the existing diving equipment.
- the appearance of the breath-take diving life-jacket 1 as shown in the Figure 1. is not compulsory but illustrates its functioning only.
- the life jacket comprises: front air-bag 2, back air-bag 3, shoulder straps 4, elastic belt 5, belt fastener 6, compressed gas cylinder 7, and electronic device 8, which again comprises: pressure sensor 9, control logics (micro-controller) 10, electromagnetic trigger 11, manual switch 12, sound alarm 13, and batteries 14.
- the life jacket is designed to keep, when inflated, the diver 15 in the wanted position (Fig. 3.).
- the life jacked is not large, because the intention is not to significantly influence the diver's buoyancy, which is always positive at the surface, and it is desirable that the jacket does not hamper the diver in his normal activity.
- the life jacket is put over the diver's shoulders and fastened on the chest.
- the air bags the front one being larger, are located at the diver's breast and the back, as high as possible in order to keep, when inflated, the diver's head 16 above the water surface 17.
- On the right-hand shoulder strap there is the manual switch for switching the timer off, located so that the diver can switch the timer off easily and quickly, by a simple hand motion.
- Within the electronic device there is the sound generator that warns the diver of the timer not being switched off in time.
- Figure 2 presents the life jacket on the diver, at the surface, in his normal position upon surfacing. This is the position the diver takes also in the case of loosing the consciousness. The diver's face is immersed, and he will not, by pressing the switch, deactivate the electromagnetic trigger and, thus, prevent activation of the life jacket.
- the life jacket is provided with a pressured gas (CO 2 ) cylinder, that is perforated by a needle activated automatically by the electromagnetic trigger if the diver fails to switch the timer off manually after surfacing.
- CO 2 pressured gas
- the life jacket may also be embodied with an electronically operated valve instead of the needle and the electromagnetic trigger.
- the electronic device is constructed to prevent switching off by an accidental pressure against the switch, e.g. in contact with the sea bed, because it is activated only when the outer pressure is decreased again, i.e., upon detection of surfacing.
- the life jacket is embodied as part of the existing diving equipment.
- An option is to construct the life jacket as part of the diving weight carried on the back. Divers often use such weight in underwater fishing, in order to distribute the weight of the plumb weights more evenly all over the body.
- the jacket is placed on the diver's shoulders and fastened at the chest. On the diver's back, as a part of the life jacket, there is a plumb weight.
- the air bags are in the shoulder straps and at the chest. This enables an even better position of an unconscious diver, since now, because of the load at his back, he leans further back, wherefore his mouth and nose are even farther above the water surface.
- the electronic device and the manual switch for stopping the timer are placed on one of the shoulder straps.
- the life jacket is provided with a pressured gas (CO 2 ) cylinder, that is perforated by a needle activated automatically by the electromagnetic trigger if the diver fails to switch the timer off manually after surfacing.
- CO 2 pressured gas
- the life jacked is to be made of usual materials and by the technology that is used in manufacturing jackets presently used on board vessels and aircraft, such as life jackets, buoyancy compensators for scuba diving, etc. It is important that the life jacket is resistant to wear since possible damages could prevent the intended effect.
- the invention is produced as separate from the existing breath-take diving equipment, or as part of such equipment.
- the diver uses it in every breath-diving immersion.
- the device is never activated.
- the cylinder In case of activation of the compressed gas cylinder that inflates the jacket, the cylinder is to be replaced and the device is to be inspected before its next use.
- the life jacket besides replacing of the gas cylinder, the battery is to be replaced as well.
- the battery is to be replaced at adequate intervals in any case.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to life jacket intended to protected divers while breath-hold (free) diving. One of these jackets is known from US-A-5800228.
- In the International Patent Classification, it is classified as Section B - Performing Operations; Group B 63 C - including Life-saving in water;
Subgroup 9/08 - including Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits or the like. - The invention also belongs to the Section A - Human Necessities; Group A 62 B - including Devices, apparatus, or methods for life-saving; Subgroup 35/00 - including Safety belts or body harnesses.
- When breath-take (free) diving, the diver inhales a certain volume of air at the surface, stops breathing and dives. During the dive, an exchange of gases takes place in the divers lungs, where the oxygen partial pressure, required for functioning of the organism, decreases. The oxygen partial pressure is calculated as follows:
- In the air there is about 21% of oxygen, wherefore the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs at inhalation amounts to:
- It is evident from the equation (1) that the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs depends on the dive depth. Thus, at the same volume part of oxygen in the gas, the partial pressure at 10 m depth is twice larger than at the surface, at 20 m it is three times larger, etc. Therefore, the diver, who is at a certain depth, apparently has enough oxygen in the lungs and has no feeling of air hunger. At the diver rises to the surface, the environmental pressure decreases and the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs suddenly falls. Thus, a diver who has 10% of oxygen in the lungs at 10 m depth, according to the equation (1) has the oxygen partial pressure P10m (O2) = 0.1 x 2 = 0.2 bars, and has no feeling of the lack of oxygen. However, while rising to the surface, the oxygen partial pressure falls, the same volume part to result in P surface (O2) = 0.1 x 1 = 0.1 bars at the surface, this causing a great risk of loosing the consciousness. This change of the outer pressure, therefore also of the oxygen partial pressure in the lungs is strongest immediately below the surface (between O and 1 m of depth), where the risk of unconsciousness is the greatest as well. Often the diver does not surface, however, loosing the consciousness at the very surface, before he takes the first air. This occurs perfectly suddenly and the diver is unable to react.
- At the moment of loosing the consciousness, there occurs muscle spasm and closing of the airway, and there is no immediate inhalation, wherefore no sea water enters the lungs. After a short period of time (20 to 40 seconds), the muscles relax and the diver, unconscious, inhales. If at that moment the diver's face is submersed, the lungs feel with water and the diver drowns. The natural position of an unconscious person is prone, face immersed into the water, wherefore, loosing consciousness most often results in taking water into the lungs, sinking and drowning.
- Since most divers encounter problems in the surfacing stage, at the very surface, it is essential to react quickly, immediately after loosing the consciousness and before the muscles relax and the lungs feel with water. Unfortunately, a large number of breath-take divers dive unescorted, and even when there is another person nearby, that person may fail to notice the unconsciousness because the diver has surfaced normally and is positioned as if watching the sea below, wherefore nothing unusual appears to be going on.
- The described invention deals with solving this problem.
- To the best of the author's knowledge, presently there are no technical solutions that would prevent breath-take divers to inhale water. Most of the existing diving equipment and technical accessories deal with scuba diving. This is a completely different way of diving, making breath-take diving equipment inadequate.
- The essence of the invention is the breath-take diving life jacket, designed and built, when inflated, to keep the diver's head above the water. The jacket is activated and inflated automatically when it is detected that the diver is unconscious. It is activated by an electronic device that detects the beginning of the dive by detecting the increase of the outer pressure, turning itself active. When the outer pressure falls below a certain value, the electronic device detects surfacing and automatically starts countdown. At this moment, the diver is at the surface and, if conscious, he stops the countdown by pressing a button. If, after a certain period of time (about 5-10 sec.), the diver did not press the button, the electronic device activates a sound alarm for a few seconds (up to 5 sec.), warning the diver that he did not switch the timer off. If the diver still does not react, it is highly likely that he is unconscious, and the electronic device automatically activates the pressured gas cylinder that inflates the life jacket which, again, positions the diver's head above the water surface.
-
- Figure 1.
- shows the breath-take diving life-jacket - perspective view.
- Figure 2.
- shows the breath-take diving life-jacket shown in the Fig. 1., on the diver at the surface, in his normal position taken after surfacing.
- Figure 3.
- shows an inflated life-jacket on the diver.
- Figure 4.
- shows block diagram of the life-jacket electronic device.
- The critical stage of a breath-take dive is the surfacing. In case of loosing the consciousness, the diver's face remains immersed in the water and, when an uncontrolled inhalation occurs, the lungs are filled with water and the diver drowns. The purpose of the invention is to keep the diver's head above the water surface in case of unconsciousness. In such case, when the muscles are relaxed, the diver starts breathing normally. In great many cases this is sufficient to safe the life of a diver who, after a few inhalations, wakes naturally from the state of unconsciousness.
- The breath-take diving life-jacket comprises: the front and the back air bags, the front one being larger, fixed to the shoulder straps that keep the life jacket on the diver's body; the elastic belt with fastener that fixes the jacket around the diver's waist or chest; the compressed gas cylinder that, in case of drowning hazard, automatically activates and inflates the air bags, the life jacket rising the diver's head above the surface if it is detected that the diver floats unconscious; and the electronic device that controls the life jacket and comprises: the pressure sensor that detects the beginning of the dive and the surfacing, the controlling logics (micro-controller) that controls all functions of the device, the electromagnetic trigger that activates the gas cylinder, the manual switch by which the diver stops countdown of the automatic activation of the electromagnetic trigger, the sound alarm that additionally warns the diver to press the manual switch if he is conscious, and batteries that power the electronic device.
- All the above listed parts of the life jacket, depending on its design, could be distributed on the jacket in various ways, however, the manual switch is to be located on a shoulder strap or another place easily reachable by both the right and the left hands.
- The inflated life jacket is to be shaped to keep the diver's mouth as higher from the surface as possible, providing free inhalation of air and preventing the diver to sink and drown.
- The breath-take diving life-jacket may be embodied as a life-jacket independent from the existing diving equipment, or as a part of the existing diving equipment.
- The appearance of the breath-take diving life-
jacket 1 as shown in the Figure 1. is not compulsory but illustrates its functioning only. The life jacket comprises: front air-bag 2, back air-bag 3,shoulder straps 4, elastic belt 5, belt fastener 6,compressed gas cylinder 7, andelectronic device 8, which again comprises:pressure sensor 9, control logics (micro-controller) 10,electromagnetic trigger 11,manual switch 12,sound alarm 13, andbatteries 14. - The life jacket is designed to keep, when inflated, the
diver 15 in the wanted position (Fig. 3.). The life jacked is not large, because the intention is not to significantly influence the diver's buoyancy, which is always positive at the surface, and it is desirable that the jacket does not hamper the diver in his normal activity. - The life jacket is put over the diver's shoulders and fastened on the chest. The air bags, the front one being larger, are located at the diver's breast and the back, as high as possible in order to keep, when inflated, the diver's
head 16 above thewater surface 17. On the right-hand shoulder strap, there is the manual switch for switching the timer off, located so that the diver can switch the timer off easily and quickly, by a simple hand motion. Within the electronic device, there is the sound generator that warns the diver of the timer not being switched off in time. - Figure 2. presents the life jacket on the diver, at the surface, in his normal position upon surfacing. This is the position the diver takes also in the case of loosing the consciousness. The diver's face is immersed, and he will not, by pressing the switch, deactivate the electromagnetic trigger and, thus, prevent activation of the life jacket.
- The life jacket is provided with a pressured gas (CO2) cylinder, that is perforated by a needle activated automatically by the electromagnetic trigger if the diver fails to switch the timer off manually after surfacing. The life jacket may also be embodied with an electronically operated valve instead of the needle and the electromagnetic trigger. The electronic device is constructed to prevent switching off by an accidental pressure against the switch, e.g. in contact with the sea bed, because it is activated only when the outer pressure is decreased again, i.e., upon detection of surfacing.
- The life jacket is embodied as part of the existing diving equipment. An option is to construct the life jacket as part of the diving weight carried on the back. Divers often use such weight in underwater fishing, in order to distribute the weight of the plumb weights more evenly all over the body. The jacket is placed on the diver's shoulders and fastened at the chest. On the diver's back, as a part of the life jacket, there is a plumb weight. The air bags are in the shoulder straps and at the chest. This enables an even better position of an unconscious diver, since now, because of the load at his back, he leans further back, wherefore his mouth and nose are even farther above the water surface.
- The electronic device and the manual switch for stopping the timer are placed on one of the shoulder straps. The life jacket is provided with a pressured gas (CO2) cylinder, that is perforated by a needle activated automatically by the electromagnetic trigger if the diver fails to switch the timer off manually after surfacing.
- The life jacked is to be made of usual materials and by the technology that is used in manufacturing jackets presently used on board vessels and aircraft, such as life jackets, buoyancy compensators for scuba diving, etc. It is important that the life jacket is resistant to wear since possible damages could prevent the intended effect.
- The invention is produced as separate from the existing breath-take diving equipment, or as part of such equipment. The diver uses it in every breath-diving immersion. In normal circumstances, the device is never activated. In case of activation of the compressed gas cylinder that inflates the jacket, the cylinder is to be replaced and the device is to be inspected before its next use. Upon activation of the life jacket, besides replacing of the gas cylinder, the battery is to be replaced as well.
- The battery is to be replaced at adequate intervals in any case.
Claims (5)
- Breath-take diving life-jacket, provided with air bags, fixed to the diver's shoulders and fastened around his waist and provided with a compressed gas cylinder (7) characterised in that it comprises an inflatable front air bag (2) and a back air bag (3); the air bags are fixed by shoulder straps (4) by which the life jacket is hung on the diver's body; it has the elastic belt (5) with fasteners (6) by which the life jacket is fastened around the diver's waist or chest; whereby in case of danger of drowning, the gas cylinder is activated automatically and inflates the air bags so that, when the diver is detected to be unconscious, it keeps the diver's head above the water surface and it is provided with an electronic device (8) that controls the life jacket, and comprises: a pressure sensor (9) that detects the beginning of the dive and of the surfacing, the controlling logics (10) that controls all functions of the electronic device, an electromagnetic trigger (11) that activates the gas cylinder, a manual switch (12) by which the diver switches off the electromagnetic trigger (11) self-activation timer, a sound alarm (13) that additionally reminds the diver to press the switch if he is conscious, and batteries (14) that power the electronic device.
- Breath-take diving life-jacket, as claimed in Claim 1., wherein, its front air bag (2) is larger than the back one (3).
- Breath-take diving life-jacket, as claimed in Claims 1. and 2., wherein, it is embodied separate from other diving equipment.
- Breath-take diving life-jacket, as claimed in Claims 1. and 2., wherein, it is embodied as part of the diving weight carried at the back.
- Breath-take diving life-jacket, as claimed in Claims 1. to 4., wherein, the manual switch (12) is always fixed to a shoulder strap (4) or at another place that is easy to reach by both the left and the right hand.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
HR20030827A HRP20030827A2 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2003-10-13 | Breath-hold diving life-jacket |
PCT/HR2004/000032 WO2005035356A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-04 | Breath-hold diving life-jacket |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1689637A1 EP1689637A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
EP1689637B1 true EP1689637B1 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
Family
ID=34430656
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04769071A Not-in-force EP1689637B1 (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2004-10-04 | Breath-hold diving life-jacket |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1689637B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE361231T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004006300D1 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20030827A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005035356A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110053739A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 南京涵铭置智能科技有限公司 | A kind of leisure diving equipment and its self-rescue method with safety self-saving function |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7988511B2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2011-08-02 | Oceanic Safety Systems Llc | Freediving safety apparatus |
IL181533A (en) * | 2007-02-25 | 2010-12-30 | Sosmart Rescue Ltd | Inflatable life-saving swimming garment |
ES2351561B1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2012-05-09 | Lacados Especiales 2005 S.L. | SAVINGS ACU�? TICO. |
CN101804853A (en) * | 2010-03-07 | 2010-08-18 | 李映宗 | Inflatable swimming suit |
FR2998862A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-06 | Franck Jean Marie Luc Chesneau | Individual shoulder belt for recue of e.g. spearfishing practitioners, has cord that is connected to push-button and vibrator, and another cord connected to solenoid valve connected with carbon dioxide bottle to allow inflation of bladder |
CN106864705A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-20 | 李建军 | Nasal-suction type diving outfit |
CN107458555B (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-10-29 | 张家利 | A kind of Automation Specialty lift jacket for swimming |
CN109131790A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-04 | 深圳市浅水科技有限公司 | The anti-drowned lifesaving appliance of anticipation formula |
CN112896466A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-04 | 饶伊珂 | Prevent drowned swimming equipment |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5295765A (en) * | 1991-07-31 | 1994-03-22 | Under Sea Industries, Inc. | Snorkeling vest |
US6558082B1 (en) * | 1996-05-13 | 2003-05-06 | William L. Courtney | Combined ballast and signalling device for a personal flotation device |
US5800228A (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1998-09-01 | Hernandez; Ricardo G. | Free-driver permanently wearable self-rescue system |
DE19936893C2 (en) * | 1999-07-29 | 2002-08-01 | Auergesellschaft Gmbh | Warning device for an SCBA |
US20020127931A1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-09-12 | Ming-Dong Chern | Life jacket |
-
2003
- 2003-10-13 HR HR20030827A patent/HRP20030827A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2004
- 2004-10-04 EP EP04769071A patent/EP1689637B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-10-04 AT AT04769071T patent/ATE361231T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-04 DE DE602004006300T patent/DE602004006300D1/en active Active
- 2004-10-04 WO PCT/HR2004/000032 patent/WO2005035356A1/en active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110053739A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-26 | 南京涵铭置智能科技有限公司 | A kind of leisure diving equipment and its self-rescue method with safety self-saving function |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE361231T1 (en) | 2007-05-15 |
HRP20030827A2 (en) | 2005-04-30 |
EP1689637A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
DE602004006300D1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
WO2005035356A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
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