EP1687577B1 - Charging device, especially charging stock preheater - Google Patents

Charging device, especially charging stock preheater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1687577B1
EP1687577B1 EP04803263A EP04803263A EP1687577B1 EP 1687577 B1 EP1687577 B1 EP 1687577B1 EP 04803263 A EP04803263 A EP 04803263A EP 04803263 A EP04803263 A EP 04803263A EP 1687577 B1 EP1687577 B1 EP 1687577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charging
shaft
charging device
opening
pusher
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP04803263A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1687577A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Fuchs
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Fuchs Technology AG
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Fuchs Technology AG
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Publication date
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Priority to PL04803263T priority Critical patent/PL1687577T3/en
Priority to SI200431031T priority patent/SI1687577T1/en
Publication of EP1687577A1 publication Critical patent/EP1687577A1/en
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Publication of EP1687577B1 publication Critical patent/EP1687577B1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/06Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18Arrangements of devices for charging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F27D13/002Preheating scrap
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/04Ram or pusher apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F27B3/186Charging in a vertical chamber adjacent to the melting chamber
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S266/00Metallurgical apparatus
    • Y10S266/901Scrap metal preheating or melting

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

To facilitate a trouble-free charging of scrap metal having differing constitutions, such as light and heavy scrap metal, from a lower discharge opening of a shaft-shaped charging device or a charging stock preheater (1) into a melting vessel by a pusher (13), the lateral surfaces of the pusher (13) are formed so as to converge from the upper side to the lower side and the actuating device (2) of the pusher (13) is pivotably supported in a frame structure (3) about a horizontal axis. In addition, the upper boundary of the discharge opening for the charging stock from the shaft (2) is preferably formed by a horizontal, rotatably supported roller (26), more preferably with engaging elements (30) distributed around the circumferential surface. Sections of the charging device that are severely mechanically stressed are preferably formed by steel billet sections connected to form a structural unit.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Chargiervorrichtung zum Chargieren von Chargiergut in ein Schmelzgefäß, enthaltend einen Schacht, mit in einer Rahmenkonstruktion gehaltenen Schachtwänden, einem unterem Schachtboden, einer oberen Eintrittsöffnung für Chargiergut, einer Austrittsöffnung für Chargiergut in einer Seitenwand im unteren Bereich des Schachtes, einen Schieber, mit einer Oberseite, einer Unterseite, einer quer zur Verschieberichtung verlaufenden Stirnseite und zwei parallel zur Verschieberichtung verlaufenden Seitenflächen, der mit seiner Unterseite auf der Oberseite des genannten Schachtbodens aufliegend zwischen einer, den Schachtboden freigebenden, zurückgezogenen, ersten Position und einer in Richtung der genannten Austrittsöffnung vorgeschobenen, zweiten Position, mittels einer ersten Betätigungsvorrichtung zum schubweisen Transportieren von im Schacht befindlichen Chargiergut zur und aus der genannten Austrittsöffnung verschiebbar ist. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf eine als Chargiergutvorwärmer ausgebildete Chargiervorrichtung der genannten Art, bei der das zu chargierende Material durch hindurchströmende Heizgase, insbesondere heiße Abgase aus dem zu chargierenden Schmelzofen, vorerhitzt wird.The invention relates to a charging device for charging batch material into a melting vessel, comprising a shaft, with shaft walls held in a frame construction, a lower shaft bottom, an upper inlet opening for charging material, a discharge opening for charging material in a side wall in the lower region of the shaft, a slide, with an upper side, a lower side, an end face extending transversely to the direction of displacement, and two side surfaces running parallel to the direction of displacement, resting with its underside on the upper side of said shaft bottom between a retracted, first position releasing the shaft bottom and an exit opening in the direction of said shaft bottom advanced, second position, by means of a first actuating device for batchwise transport of charging material located in the shaft to and from said outlet opening is displaceable. In particular, the invention relates to a Chargiergutvorwärmer trained charging device of the type mentioned, in which the material to be charged by preheating by flowing hot gases, especially hot exhaust gases from the furnace to be charged, is preheated.

Eine als Chargiergutvorwärmer ausgebildete Chargiervorrichtung dieser Art ist beispielsweise durch die JP 7-180975 A bekannt geworden.Trained as Chargiergutvorwärmer charging device of this kind is, for example, by the JP 7-180975 A known.

Bei solchen Chargiervorrichtungen entstehen Probleme, wenn Chargiergut stark schwankender Größe, wie in Form von Spänen, Eisenbahnschienen, Motorblöcken, etc. beim Chargieren von Stahlschrott, ohne vorherige Sortierung im Chargiergutvorwärmer erhitzt und dann schubweise zur Austrittsöffnung gefördert und in ein Schmelzgefäß chargiert werden sollen. Es kommt bei dem mittels eines Linearantriebs starrer Führung hin und her bewegten Schieber leicht zu Verklemmungen mit kleineren Schrottteilchen. Außerdem werden beim Vorschieben des Schiebers aus der zurückgezogenen, den Schachtboden freigebenden Position in Richtung der Austrittsöffnung, insbesondere wenn der Schieber nicht zu flach ausgebildet ist, sperrige Chargiergutteile gegen die obere Kante der Austrittsöffnung des Schachtes gedrückt, die dann den Transportvorgang stören. Die Störanfälligkeit beim Materialtransport wird zwar bei dem bekannten Chargiergutvorwärmer dadurch etwas vermindert, dass in zwei Ebenen Sperrorgane vorgesehen sind, durch die die Chargiergutsäule in kleinere Mengen unterteilt ausgetragen werden kann. Solche Sperrorgane sind aber aufwendig und außerdem gegenüber einer Stossbeanspruchung beim Einbringen von Schwerschrott in den Chargiergutvorwärmer anfällig.In such Chargiervorrichtungen problems arise when charging material strongly fluctuating size, such as in the form of chips, railroad tracks, engine blocks, etc. when charging steel scrap to be heated without prior sorting in Chargiergutvorwärmer and then fed in batches to the outlet and charged into a melting vessel. It comes with the means of a linear drive rigid guide back and forth moving slider easily jamming with smaller scrap particles. In addition, bulky Chargiergutteile be pressed against the upper edge of the outlet opening of the shaft, which then interfere with the transport process when advancing the slide from the retracted, the shaft bottom releasing position in the direction of the outlet opening, especially if the slide is not formed too flat. The susceptibility to material transport is indeed somewhat reduced in the known Chargiergutvorwärmer that blocking elements are provided in two levels, discharged by the Chargiergutsäule divided into smaller quantities can be. However, such blocking elements are expensive and also prone to a shock load when introducing heavy scrap into the charging material preheater.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Chargiervorrichtung der obengenannten Art so auszugestalten, dass Chargiergut unterschiedlichster Größe, wie Schwer- und Leichtschrott, mittels des Schiebers unter Vermeidung der obengenannten Probleme, also ohne Störungen und Blockierungen, zur Austrittsöffnung und aus dieser heraus transportiert werden kann. Insbesondere soll dies auch bei einer als Chargiergutvorwärmer ausgebildeten Chargiervorrichtung gewährleistet seinThe object of the invention is to provide a charging device of the abovementioned type in such a way that charging material of the most varied sizes, such as heavy and light scrap, can be transported to and from the outlet opening by means of the slide while avoiding the abovementioned problems, that is to say without disturbances and blockages. In particular, this should also be ensured in the case of a charging device designed as a charging material preheater

Die Erfindung ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gekennzeichnet. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.The invention is characterized by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Chargiervorrichtung sind die Seitenflächen des im Wesentlichen quaderförmigen Schiebers von der Oberseite zur Unterseite des Schiebers konvergierend ausgebildet und es ist die Betätigungsvorrichtung für diesen Schieber in einer Rahmenkonstruktion um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbar gelagert. Dadurch wird es beim Vorschieben des Schiebers aus der zurückgezogen Position in Richtung der Austrittsöffnung diesem ermöglicht, im Falle einer Gefahr eines Festklemmens an den Seitenflächen, nach oben auszuweichen, da ein etwaiges Hindernis im Spalt zwischen den Seitenflächen und den angrenzenden Wänden den Schieber über die Schrägfläche nach oben drückt.In the charging device according to the invention, the side surfaces of the substantially parallelepiped slider from the top to the bottom of the slider are convergent and it is the actuator for this slide in a frame construction mounted pivotably about a horizontal axis. As a result, as the slider advances from the retracted position toward the exit aperture, it is allowed to deflect upward in the event of a risk of jamming on the side surfaces, as any obstruction in the gap between the side surfaces and the adjacent walls causes the slider to slide over the inclined surface pushes up.

Vorzugsweise ist die obere Begrenzung der Austrittsöffnung für Chargiergut durch eine horizontale, drehbar gelagerte Walze gebildet. Diese leitet das Chargiergut um die Kante, so dass es sich hier nicht verklemmen kann. Die Walze ist vorzugsweise um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbar gelagert und mittels einer Betätigungsvorrichtung nach unten drückbar. Hierdurch kann die Walze entgegen dem eigenen Gewicht oder einer Druckkraft schwenkend nach oben ausweichen und hierbei die Austrittsöffnung in der Höhe vergrößern. Durch Mitnehmerelemente an der Umfangsfläche der Walze wird sichergestellt, dass das austretende Chargiergut die Umfangsfläche der Walze mitnimmt und ohne Relativbewegung zu dieser an der Walzenoberfläche abrollt.Preferably, the upper boundary of the discharge opening for charging material is formed by a horizontal, rotatably mounted roller. This directs the charging material around the edge, so that it can not get stuck here. The roller is preferably mounted pivotably about a horizontal axis and can be pressed down by means of an actuating device. This allows the roller against its own weight or a compressive force to swerve upward and thereby increase the outlet opening in height. By driving elements on the peripheral surface of the roller ensures that the exiting charging material entrains the peripheral surface of the roller and rolls without relative movement to this on the roller surface.

Vorzugsweise ist der durch die Schachtwände begrenzte Innenraum des Schachtes des Chargiergutvorwärmers, insbesondere im unteren Bereich, im Horizontalschnitt rechteckig ausgebildet. Bei sich über die Länge der längeren Seite erstreckender Austrittsöffnung lässt sich dann mit einem etwa quaderförmigen Schieber, der sich seitlich bis zu den Wänden erstreckt mittels eines Hubes eine relativ große Menge aus dem Chargiergutvorwärmer austragen.Preferably, the limited by the shaft walls of the interior of the shaft of the Chargiergutvorwärmers, in particular in the lower region, formed in horizontal section rectangular. In extending over the length of the longer side outlet opening can then be discharged with an approximately cuboid slide, which extends laterally to the walls by means of a stroke, a relatively large amount of the Chargiergutvorwärmer.

Für einen seitlichen Anschluss an ein Schmelzgefäß kann an der Austrittsöffnung ein diese umgebender Ansatz mit einem Flansch oder in Form einer Muffe vorgesehen sein, die eine gasdichte Verbindung mit der Chargieröffnung des Schmelzgefäßes erlaubt, die vorzugsweise seitlich im Obergefäß des Schmelzgefäßes vorgesehen ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Chargiervorrichtung horizontal fahrbar ausgebildet und weist zu diesem Zweck entweder ein Fahrgestell oder eine Rollenlagerung auf. In diesem Fall ist eine Muffenverbindung besonders vorteilhaft, weil hierdurch eine schnelle Verbindung mit dem Gefäß und Trennung von dem Gefäß möglich ist, was insbesondere bei einem kippbaren Gefäß eines Lichtbogenofens als Schmelzgefäß vorteilhaft erscheint. Der Schmelzofen weist vorzugsweise ein ovales Gefäß auf, wobei in einer Längsseite des Ovals die an die Austrittsöffnung der Chargiervorrichtung anzuschließende Chargieröffnung vorgesehen ist.For a lateral connection to a melting vessel may be provided at the outlet opening a surrounding approach with a flange or in the form of a sleeve which allows a gas-tight connection with the charging opening of the melting vessel, which is preferably provided laterally in the upper vessel of the melting vessel. Preferably, the charging device is horizontally movable and has for this purpose either a chassis or a roller bearing. In this case, a socket connection is particularly advantageous, because in this way a fast connection to the vessel and separation from the vessel is possible, which appears to be advantageous in particular in a tiltable vessel of an electric arc furnace as a melting vessel. The melting furnace preferably has an oval vessel, the charging opening to be connected to the outlet opening of the charging device being provided in a longitudinal side of the oval.

Im Hinblick auf die Zielsetzung einer robusten und zuverlässigen Ausgestaltung des Chargiergutvorwärmers, die einen unsortierten Einsatz von Schwer- und Leichtschrott ermöglicht, sind die mechanisch beanspruchten Teile des Schachtes und/oder Schiebers vorzugsweise aus nebeneinander angeordneten, zu einer Konstruktionseinheit verbundenen Stahlknüppelabschnitten gebildet. Eine dichte Verbindung der nebeneinander angeordneten Stahlknüppelabschnitte wird vorzugsweise durch zwischengefügte Stahlstangenabschnitte erzielt, die an der thermisch und mechanisch beanspruchten Seite der Konstruktionseinheit liegen und dieser einer gewisse Elastizität quer zu den Stahlknüppeln sowie eine gute Kühlmöglichkeit durch Sprühkühlung von der entgegengesetzten Seite ermöglichen. Die Stahlknüppelabschnitte sollen in den Wandbereichen des Schachtes senkrecht angeordnet sein.With regard to the objective of a robust and reliable embodiment of the charging material preheater, which allows an unsorted use of heavy and light scrap, the mechanically stressed parts of the shaft and / or slide are preferably formed of juxtaposed, connected to a construction unit steel billet sections. A tight connection of the juxtaposed steel billet sections is preferably achieved by interposed steel rod sections which lie against the thermally and mechanically stressed side of the construction unit and which allow a certain elasticity across the steel billets and good cooling capability by spray cooling from the opposite side. The steel billet sections should be arranged vertically in the wall regions of the shaft.

Die Erfindung wird anhand von acht Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen, als Chargiergutvorwärmer ausgebildeten Chargiervorrichtung
Fig. 2
eine Prinzipskizze, teilweise im Längsschnitt, der an das Obergefäß eines Lichtbogenofens angeschlossenen Chargiervorrichtung,
Fig. 3
im Längsschnitt den vorderen Teil eines Schiebers,
Fig. 4
eine Stirnansicht des Schiebers,
Fig. 5
den Schnitt V-V von Fig. 3,
Fig. 6
die Schwenkhebellagerung der Mitnehmerwalze,
Fig. 7 und 8
in einer Vorderansicht und einer Draufsicht eine durch Stahlknüppelabschnitte gebildete Konstruktionseinheit.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to eight figures. Show it
Fig. 1
a perspective view of an inventive, as Chargiergutvorwärmer trained charging device
Fig. 2
a schematic diagram, partially in longitudinal section, the charging device connected to the upper vessel of an arc furnace,
Fig. 3
in longitudinal section the front part of a slider,
Fig. 4
an end view of the slider,
Fig. 5
the section VV of Fig. 3 .
Fig. 6
the pivot lever bearing of the driver roller,
FIGS. 7 and 8
in a front view and a plan view of a construction unit formed by steel billet sections.

Der in Fig. 1 perspektivisch dargestellte, schachtförmige Chargiergutvorwärmer 1 zum Vorwärmen von in ein Schmelzgefäß zu chargierendem Chargiergut enthält einen Schacht 2 mit in einer Rahmenkonstruktion 3 gehaltenen Schachtwänden 4, 5, 6 und 7. Ferner einen unteren Schachtboden 8 und eine obere Eintrittsöffnung 9 für Chargiergüt, die durch einen Deckel 10 (s. Fig. 2) verschließbar ist. Im unteren Bereich des Schachtes 2 ist in der, bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 2 linken Seitenwand 4 eine Austrittsöffnung 11 für Chargiergut vorgesehen, die gleichzeitig einen Gaseinlass für ein Heizgas zum Aufheizen von im Schacht befindlichem Chargiergut bildet. Im oberen Bereich des Schachtes 2 ist ein Gasauslaß 12 vorhanden.The in Fig. 1 In perspective, shaft-shaped charge material preheater 1 for preheating charge material to be charged into a melting vessel contains a shaft 2 with shaft walls 4, 5, 6 and 7 held in a frame structure 3. Furthermore, a lower shaft bottom 8 and an upper inlet opening 9 for charging goods Cover 10 (s. Fig. 2 ) is closable. In the lower part of the shaft 2 is in, in the illustration after Fig. 2 left side wall 4 provided an outlet opening 11 for charging, which simultaneously forms a gas inlet for a heating gas for heating loading material located in the shaft. In the upper part of the shaft 2, a gas outlet 12 is present.

Der Chargiergutvorwärmer enthält ferner einen Schieber 13, der in den Fig. 3 bis 5 teilweise und in verschiedenen, vergrößerten Ansichten dargestellt ist. Der Schieber 13 weist eine Oberseite 14, eine Unterseite 15, eine quer zur Verschieberichtung verlaufende Stirnseite 16 und zwei parallel zur Verschieberichtung verlaufende Seitenflächen 17 und 18 auf. Der Schieber 13 ist mit seiner Unterseite 15 auf der Oberseite 19 des Schachtbodens 8 aufliegend, zwischen einer den Schachtboden innerhalb der Schachtwände freigebenden, zurückgezogenen, ersten Position (nicht dargestellt) und einer in Richtung der Austrittsöffnung 11 vorgeschobenen, zweiten Position (in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt) verschiebbar. Damit der Schieber 13 auch in der zurückgezogenen ersten Position geführt wird, ist der Schachtboden 8 über die bezüglich der Austrittsöffnung 11 hintere Schachtwand 6 hinaus verlängert. Das Vor- und Zurückschieben des Schiebers 13 erfolgt durch eine erste Betätigungsvorrichtung 20, die im dargestellten Fall in Form von zwei Linearantrieben, jeweils aus einem Hubzylinder 21 und einer Hubstange 22, ausgebildet ist. Die erste Betätigungsvorrichtung 20 ist in der Rahmenkonstruktion 3 um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbar gelagert. Zu diesem Zweck sind Schwenklager 23 für jeden der Hubzylinder 21 am Rahmen 3 vorgesehen. Wie die Fig. 3 und 5 zeigen, sind die Hubstangen 22 ebenfalls schwenkbar über horizontale Zapfen 24 mit dem Schieber 13 verbunden. Hierdurch erhält der Schieber bei der Vor- und Rückwärtsbewegung die erforderliche Beweglichkeit um Verklemmungen zu vermeiden.The Chargiergutvorwärmer further includes a slider 13 which in the Fig. 3 to 5 partially and in different, enlarged views. The slider 13 has an upper side 14, a lower side 15, an end face 16 running transversely to the direction of displacement, and two side surfaces 17 and 18 extending parallel to the direction of displacement. The slider 13 is resting with its underside 15 on the upper side 19 of the shaft bottom 8, between a the shaft bottom within the shaft walls releasing, retracted, first position (not shown) and one in the direction of the outlet opening eleventh advanced, second position (in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown) displaceable. So that the slider 13 is also guided in the retracted first position, the shaft bottom 8 is extended beyond the rear wall of the shaft 6 with respect to the outlet opening 11. The forward and backward sliding of the slide 13 is effected by a first actuating device 20, which in the case shown in the form of two linear actuators, each of a lifting cylinder 21 and a lifting rod 22, is formed. The first actuator 20 is pivotally mounted in the frame structure 3 about a horizontal axis. For this purpose, pivot bearings 23 are provided for each of the lifting cylinders 21 on the frame 3. As the FIGS. 3 and 5 show, the lifting rods 22 are also pivotally connected via horizontal pin 24 with the slider 13. This gives the slider in the forward and backward movement the necessary mobility to avoid jamming.

Die Oberseite 19 des Schachtbodens 8 ist vorzugsweise zur Austrittsöffnung 11 des Schachtes 2 hin abfallend ausgebildet. Ein Neigungswinkel von 15 Grad gegenüber der Waagerechten hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Der Neigungswinkel sollte nicht größer als 45 Grad sein, weil sonst die erforderliche Sperrung des Chargiergutaustrags nicht mehr gegeben ist und Chargiergut unkontrolliert die Austrittsöffnung 11 verlässt.The top 19 of the shaft bottom 8 is preferably formed sloping down to the outlet opening 11 of the shaft 2. An inclination angle of 15 degrees to the horizontal has proven to be advantageous. The angle of inclination should not be greater than 45 degrees, because otherwise the required blocking of the Chargiergutaustrags is no longer given and uncontrolled leaving the outlet opening 11.

Der Konvergenzwinkel α (siehe Fig. 5) der konvergierenden Seitenflächen 17, 18 des Schiebers 13 gegenüber der Waagerechten liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 45 Grad und 75 Grad. Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich etwa 60 Grad erwiesen.The convergence angle α (see Fig. 5 ) of the converging side surfaces 17, 18 of the slider 13 with respect to the horizontal is preferably between 45 degrees and 75 degrees. Be particularly advantageous about 60 degrees have been found.

Um Blockierung an der oberen Begrenzung der Austrittsöffnung 11 beim Austragen von unsortiertem Schrott zu vermeiden, ist die obere Begrenzung durch eine horizontale, drehbar gelagerte Walze 26 gebildet. Die Walze ist um eine feststehende horizontale Achse 27 (siehe Fig. 6) in der Rahmenkonstruktion 3 schwenkbar gelagert und mittels einer zweiten Betätigungsvorrichtung 28 nach unten schwenkbar bzw. drückbar. Fig. 6 zeigt den linken Schwenkhebel 29 von Fig. 1 und zwar in einer Ansicht von links. Die zweite Betätigungsvorrichtung 28 ist im vorliegenden Fall, ebenso wie die erste Betätigungsvorrichtung 21, in Form zweier Linearantriebe ausgebildet, mit denen die Walze 26 mit Hilfe der, der Walze zugeordneten Schwenkhebel 29 um die Achsen 27, die fluchten, schwenkbar ist.In order to avoid blocking at the upper boundary of the outlet opening 11 when discharging unsorted scrap, the upper boundary is formed by a horizontal, rotatably mounted roller 26. The roller is about a fixed horizontal axis 27 (see Fig. 6 ) In the frame structure 3 pivotally mounted and pivotable by means of a second actuator 28 down or pressed. Fig. 6 shows the left pivot lever 29 of Fig. 1 in a view from the left. The second actuator 28 is in the present case, as well as the first actuator 21, in the form of two linear drives, with which the roller 26 by means of the roller associated with the pivot lever 29 about the axes 27 which are aligned, is pivotable.

Die Walze 26 weist auf ihrer Umfangsfläche verteilte Mitnehmerelemente 30 auf, die im vorliegenden Fall als parallel zur Achsrichtung der Walze verlaufende Mitnehmerrippen ausgebildet sind. Beim Austragen von Chargiergut aus dem Schacht mittels des Schiebers 13 verhaken sich die Mitnehmer am transportierten Gut und es wird die sich frei drehende Walze 26 mitgenommen. Hierdurch wird das Gut auch im oberen Bereich der Kante der Austrittsöffnung 11, ohne die Gefahr eines Verklemmens, frei ausgeträgen, wobei die Walze aufgrund ihrer Schwenkbewegung, durch das transportierte Chargiergut erzwungene Höhenänderungen, ausgleichen kann. Die Walze könnte auch antreibbar ausgebildet werden um das Material positiv im Bereich der oberen Kante der Austrittsöffnung 11 hinauszubefördern. In diesem Fall sollte die Drehbewegung der Walze 26 mit der Schubbewegung des Schiebers 13 synchronisiert sein.The roller 26 has distributed on its peripheral surface driver elements 30, which are formed in the present case as parallel to the axial direction of the roller driving ribs. When discharging charging material from the shaft by means of the slide 13, the driver hooked on the transported Good and it is the freely rotating roller 26 taken. As a result, the goods in the upper region of the edge of the outlet opening 11, without the risk of jamming, freely pass, the roller due to their pivotal movement, by the transported material to be conveyed forced height changes, can compensate. The roller could also be designed drivable in order to convey the material positively in the region of the upper edge of the outlet opening 11. In this case, the rotational movement of the roller 26 should be synchronized with the pushing movement of the slider 13.

Vorzugsweise ist die als Chargiergutvorwärmer ausgebildete Chargiervorrichtung zum Vorwärmen von in ein Schmelzgefäß, insbesondere in das Gefäß eines Lichtbogenofens zu chargierendem Chargiergut bestimmt. Zu diesem Zweck ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Verbindung zwischen Chargiergutvorwärmer und dem Schmelzgefäß schnell gelöst werden kann, damit beim Kippen des Gefäßes der Chargiergutvorwärmer nicht mitgekippt werden muss. Andererseits soll das heiße Abgas des Lichtbogenofens ohne wesentliche Verluste durch die Austrittsöffnung 11 für das Chargiergut, die als Gaseinlaß dient, in den Schacht 2 eingeleitet und nach Durchströmen des zu erhitzenden Chargiergutes durch den oberen Gasauslaß 12 wieder abgeleitet werden können.The charging device designed as charging material preheater is preferably intended for preheating charging goods to be charged into a melting vessel, in particular into the vessel of an electric arc furnace. For this purpose, it is advantageous if the connection between Chargiergutvorwärmer and the melting vessel can be solved quickly so that when tilting the vessel of the charging material preheater must not be tipped. On the other hand, the hot exhaust gas of the electric arc furnace without significant losses through the outlet opening 11 for the charging material, which serves as a gas inlet, introduced into the shaft 2 and can be derived by flowing through the heated charge by the upper gas outlet 12 again.

In Fig. 2 ist eine solche Verbindung zwischen dem Chargiergutvorwärmer 1 und einem kippbaren Gefäß 31 eines Lichtbogenofens dargestellt. Der obere, üblicherweise aus wassergekühlten Wandelementen bestehende Teil des Gefäßes 31 ist mit einer rechteckigen Eintrittsöffnung 32 für Chargiergut versehen. Vorzugsweise ist das Gefäß 31 in der Draufsicht oval ausgebildet, so dass es einfacher möglich ist, hier eine rechteckförmige Eintrittsöffnung 32 vorzusehen. An der Austrittsöffnung 11 des Chargiergutvorwärmers 1 ist ein, diese umgebender Ansatz 33 zum Anschließen an die als Chargieröffnung dienende Eintrittsöffnung 32 des Schmelzgefäßes vorgesehen. Der Ansatz ist in Form einer Muffe ausgebildet, deren Außenkontur zum Einsetzen in die Chargieröffnung 32 an deren Innenkontur angepasst ist. Außerdem ist der Chargiergutvorwärmer 1 verschiebbar ausgebildet. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Rahmen 3 auf Rollen 34 horizontal in einer Richtung quer zur Kipprichtung des Schmelzgefäßes 31 verfahrbar. Vor dem Kippen des Schmelzgefäßes 31 zum Abstechen einer Schmelze wird die Verbindung zwischen der Muffe 33 und der Chargieröffnung 32 durch Verfahren des Chargiergutvorwärmers 1, bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 2 nach rechts, gelöst.In Fig. 2 Such a connection between the Chargiergutvorwärmer 1 and a tiltable vessel 31 of an electric arc furnace is shown. The upper, usually made of water-cooled wall elements existing part of the vessel 31 is provided with a rectangular inlet opening 32 for charging. Preferably, the vessel 31 is oval in plan view, so that it is easier to provide here a rectangular inlet opening 32. At the outlet opening 11 of the Chargiergutvorwärmers 1, a surrounding approach 33 is provided for connection to serving as a charging opening 32 of the melting vessel. The approach is in the form of a sleeve whose outer contour is adapted for insertion into the charging opening 32 at its inner contour. In addition, the Chargiergutvorwärmer 1 is designed to be displaceable. For this purpose, the frame 3 is on rollers 34 horizontally in a direction transverse to the tilting direction of Melting vessel 31 movable. Before tilting the melting vessel 31 to cut off a melt, the connection between the sleeve 33 and the charging opening 32 by moving the charging material preheater 1, as shown Fig. 2 to the right, solved.

Der erfindungsgemäße Chargiergutvorwärmer ist für hohe mechanische Beanspruchungen geeignet. Um die Robustheit und Zuverlässigkeit gegenüber bekannten Chargiergutvorwärmern zu vergrößern, sind gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung, für die selbständiger Schutz beansprucht wird, mechanisch hoch beanspruchte Teile des Schachtes 2 und/oder Schiebers 13 aus nebeneinander angeordneten, zu einer Konstruktionseinheit 40 verbundenen Stahlknüppelabschnitten 41 gebildet.The Chargiergutvorwärmer invention is suitable for high mechanical stresses. In order to increase the robustness and reliability compared to known charging material preheaters, according to a development of the invention for which independent protection is claimed, mechanically highly stressed parts of the shaft 2 and / or slide 13 are arranged side by side and formed into a construction unit 40 of steel billet sections 41.

Eine solche Konstruktionseinheit ist in den Fig. 7 und 8 in einer Vorderansicht und einer Draufsicht dargestellt. Die Stahlknüppelabschnitte 41 sind an den Kanten 42, die an der mechanisch beanspruchten Seite der Konstruktionseinheit 40 liegen, durch zwischengefügte Stahlstangenabschnitte 43 miteinander verschweißt, wobei diese Stahlstangenab schnitte vorzugsweise aus Rundstahl gebildet sind. Mechanisch stark beansprucht sind bei dem beschriebenen Chargiergutvorwärmer die inneren Seiten der Schachtwände 4, 5, 6 bzw. 7, die Oberseite des Schachtbodens 19 im Bereich des Schachtes bzw. die Stirnseite 16 des Schiebers und teilweise die sich hieran anschließende Oberseite des Schiebers 13.Such a construction unit is in the FIGS. 7 and 8 shown in a front view and a top view. The steel billet portions 41 are welded together at the edges 42, which are located on the mechanically stressed side of the construction unit 40 by interposed steel rod sections 43, these Stahlstangenab sections are preferably formed of round steel. The inner sides of the shaft walls 4, 5, 6 and 7, the upper side of the shaft bottom 19 in the region of the shaft or the front side 16 of the slider and partly the adjoining top side of the slider 13 are subjected to heavy mechanical stress in the described charge material preheater.

Bevorzugte Querschnittsabmessungen von auf dem Stahlmarkt angebotenen Stahlknüppeln zur Herstellung der Stahlknüppelabschnitte sind 100mmx100mm. Der Durchmesser der Rundstahlstangenabschnitte 43 liegt vorzugsweise bei einem Fünftel der Querschnittsseitenabmessungen der Stahlknüppel, im vorliegenden Fall bei etwa 20mm.Preferred cross-sectional dimensions of steel billets offered on the steel market for making the steel billet sections are 100mmx100mm. The diameter of the round bar sections 43 is preferably one-fifth of the cross-sectional side dimensions of the steel billets, in the present case about 20 mm.

Eine erforderliche Kühlung der Schachtwände erfolgt bei dieser Ausgestaltung vorteilhafterweise durch eine Spritzkühlung, d.h. über Spritzdüsen, die in der Rahmenkonstruktion 3 angebracht sind. Da die Kühlung auf der den Stahlstangenabschnitten entgegengesetzten Seite der Konstruktionseinheit erfolgt, sind die Knüppelabschnitte 41 auch über deren, durch die zwischengefügten Stahlstangenabschnitte 43 gebildeten Zwischenräume zwischen benachbarten Knüppelabschnitten kühlbar.A required cooling of the shaft walls is advantageously carried out in this embodiment by a spray cooling, i. via spray nozzles which are mounted in the frame construction 3. Since the cooling takes place on the side of the construction unit opposite the steel rod sections, the billet sections 41 can also be cooled via their intermediate spaces formed between the interposed steel rod sections 43 between adjacent billet sections.

Claims (16)

  1. Charging device (1) for charging of charging stock into a melting vessel, comprising
    a shaft (2) having
    shaft walls (4, 5, 6, 7) held in a frame structure (3),
    a lower shaft floor (8),
    an upper inlet opening (9) for charging stock,
    a discharge opening (11) for charging stock in a side wall in the lower area of the shaft (2),
    a pusher (13) having
    a top surface (14), a bottom surface (15), an end surface (16) extending transverse to the pushing direction and two lateral surfaces (17, 18) extending parallel to the pushing direction,
    which pusher, resting with its bottom surface (15) on the top surface (19) of the said shaft floor (8), is movable by a first actuating device (20) between a first, retracted position, which exposes the shaft floor, and a second position, which is advanced toward said discharge opening (11), for the batch transport of charging stock present in the shaft (2) toward and through said discharge opening (11),
    characterised in that
    the lateral surfaces (17, 18) of the pusher (13) converge from the top surface to the bottom surface (15) of the pusher (13) and
    the first actuating device (20) is borne in the frame structure (3) so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis.
  2. Charging device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the upper boundary of the discharge opening (11) for charging stock is formed by a horizontal, rotatably borne roller.
  3. Charging device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the roller (26) is pivotably borne about a horizontal axis (27).
  4. Charging device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the roller (26) is downwardly pushable by a second actuating device (28).
  5. Charging device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the roller (26) comprises engaging elements (30) distributed around its circumferential surface.
  6. Charging device according to Claim 5, characterised in that the engaging elements (30) are formed as engaging ribs.
  7. Charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first and/or the second actuating device is formed as a linear drive.
  8. Charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the interior space of the shaft (2) bounded by the shaft walls (4, 5, 6, 7) is rectangularly formed in horizontal cross section.
  9. Charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a projection (33) surrounding the opening is provided at the discharge opening (11) for the charging stock for connection to a charging opening (32) of a melting vessel (31).
  10. Charging device according to Claim 9, characterised in that the projection is constructed in the form of a sleeve (33), whose external contour is adapted to the internal contour of a charging opening (32) for insertion into a charging opening (32) of a melting vessel (31).
  11. Charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it is constructed so as to be displaceable.
  12. Charging device according to Claim 11, characterised in that the frame structure (3) of the shaft (2) is displaceable by an undercarriage or on rollers (34).
  13. Charging device, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that mechanically stressed parts of the shaft (2) and/or pusher (13) are formed from steel billet segments (41) that are disposed adjacent to each other and are connected to a structural unit (40).
  14. Charging device according to Claim 13, characterised in that the steel billet segments (41) are welded at the edges (42) via interleaved steel rod segments (43), which edges (42) lie on the thermally and/or mechanically stressed side of the structural unit (40).
  15. Charging stock preheater comprising a charging device according to one of Claims 1 to 14, wherein the discharge opening (11) for charging stock in a side wall in the lower area of the shaft forms a gas inlet for a heating gas for heating charging stock present in the shaft, the upper inlet opening (9) for charging stock is closable by a cover (10) and a gas outlet (12) for the heating gas is provided in the upper area of the shaft (2).
  16. Charging stock preheater according to Claim 15, characterised in that a spray water cooling device having spray nozzles directed towards thermally stressed shaft wall segments (4, 5, 6, 7) is installed in the frame structure (3).
EP04803263A 2003-11-27 2004-11-25 Charging device, especially charging stock preheater Not-in-force EP1687577B1 (en)

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PL04803263T PL1687577T3 (en) 2003-11-27 2004-11-25 Charging device, especially charging stock preheater
SI200431031T SI1687577T1 (en) 2003-11-27 2004-11-25 Charging device, especially charging stock preheater

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DE10355549A DE10355549A1 (en) 2003-11-27 2003-11-27 charging material
PCT/EP2004/013355 WO2005052481A1 (en) 2003-11-27 2004-11-25 Charging device, especially charging stock preheater

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EP1687577A1 EP1687577A1 (en) 2006-08-09
EP1687577B1 true EP1687577B1 (en) 2009-01-07

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CN101514872B (en) 2012-05-30
US20070013112A1 (en) 2007-01-18
DE502004008838D1 (en) 2009-02-26
WO2005052481A1 (en) 2005-06-09
EA008086B1 (en) 2007-02-27
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ATE420330T1 (en) 2009-01-15
JP4343956B2 (en) 2009-10-14
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AU2004293557A1 (en) 2005-06-09
CN1926397A (en) 2007-03-07
CN101514872A (en) 2009-08-26
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PT1687577E (en) 2009-02-04
AU2004293557B2 (en) 2007-11-29
CN100561093C (en) 2009-11-18
PL1687577T3 (en) 2009-06-30
US7497985B2 (en) 2009-03-03
ES2318357T3 (en) 2009-05-01
EP1687577A1 (en) 2006-08-09
CA2546473A1 (en) 2005-06-09
CA2546473C (en) 2010-05-04
DE10355549A1 (en) 2005-06-23

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