EP1686329B1 - Apparatus for heating water - Google Patents

Apparatus for heating water Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1686329B1
EP1686329B1 EP06100880.1A EP06100880A EP1686329B1 EP 1686329 B1 EP1686329 B1 EP 1686329B1 EP 06100880 A EP06100880 A EP 06100880A EP 1686329 B1 EP1686329 B1 EP 1686329B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
water
heating
hot water
electronic control
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Not-in-force
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EP06100880.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1686329A2 (en
EP1686329A3 (en
Inventor
Thomas Braun
Christian Saunus
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Gealan Formteile GmbH
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Gealan Formteile GmbH
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Priority to DE202006020924U priority Critical patent/DE202006020924U1/en
Publication of EP1686329A2 publication Critical patent/EP1686329A2/en
Publication of EP1686329A3 publication Critical patent/EP1686329A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/242—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
    • F24H15/407—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electrical switching, e.g. TRIAC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage

Definitions

  • the amount of heat supplied to the water flowing through the instantaneous water heater is regulated as a function of the temperature of the water flowing out of the instantaneous water heater and the drawn hot water quantity, that is to say on the hot water side.
  • electronic instantaneous water heaters are so-called electronic instantaneous water heaters.
  • the energy supplied to the heating device is regulated down until the temperature of the water leaving the instantaneous water heater has dropped to the setpoint temperature.
  • a control of the amount of heat supplied to the water to be heated takes place on the basis of the amount of water flowing through the water heater per unit of time (River).
  • a mechanical switching element so that when a high hot water demand switching to a high power level occurs and so the water supplied heat and to increase the energy supplied to the heater.
  • switching to a low power level occurs, so that the energy supplied to the heater and thus also the amount of heat supplied to the water is reduced.
  • the flow measurement is usually carried out in such flow heaters in the flow area, ie cold water side. Furthermore, the control of the energy supplied to the heating device or the amount of heat supplied to the water takes place at discrete switching levels, ie is not continuously increased or reduced with the flow rate, but only for different flow intervals, d. H. Areas between a first flow rate and a second flow rate, switched.
  • a device for the preparation of hot water at least one heating device, which has at least one inlet and a drain and at least one heating stage is heated by the water, which flows through the inlet at a first temperature T 1 in the heater, so that it flows out of the heater at a second temperature T 2 .
  • the device according to the invention furthermore has at least one measuring device for determining a quantity of water (flow) flowing through the heating device per unit time, wherein the measuring device outputs an electrical signal representing the information about the flow.
  • an electronic control device is provided, which registers the electrical signal representing the flux from the measuring device and controls the amount of heat supplied to the water by the heating device, this control being effected by means of discrete switching states, so that for a first flow interval, In other words, a first switching state is activated for a region between a first flow F 1 and a second flow F 2 and, if appropriate, further switching states are activated for further flow intervals.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible, in a surprising manner, to provide devices for the preparation of hot water, which are distinguished, in particular, by a compact construction and the possibility of a favorable production and, in particular, by reliable and long-lasting operation. Furthermore, the control of high powers is avoided by electromechanical switching sets by the present invention, whereby the known disadvantages of such sets are bypassed.
  • the discrete switching states of the electronic control device consist of switching on or off further heating stages of the heating device.
  • the discrete switching states of the electronic control device consist of switching on or off further heating stages of the heating device.
  • a first heating stage is actuated or switched on by the electronic control device, whereas with an increased water flow through the device according to the invention for the first heating stage, second and optionally further heating stages arranged in series are activated or switched on.
  • the flow measurement is carried out by continuous or discontinuous probe, such.
  • Hall sensors, optical sensors or the like or paddle switch which have a defined flow in the water surface, which are moved depending on the flow size from its rest position and thereby a switching state on or off.
  • the electrical signal generated by the sensor for determining the amount of water flowing through the heating device per unit of time is represented in the form of pulses, preferably counting pulses or else a sequence of counting pulses integrated over a predetermined time unit.
  • the electronic control device for controlling the heating stage or the heating stages to a power output stage which is preferably controlled by a likewise contained in the electronic control device control stage.
  • the control stage processes the electrical signal representing the flow and optionally further information relevant to the control of the device according to the invention, such as, for example, As security information, power preset information and the like, and determines therefrom the switching state to be controlled.
  • the control of the power output stage takes place in such a way that it controls the energy supplied to the heating stage or stages.
  • the power output stage and in particular the power semiconductors on a cooling device which dissipates heat loss and preferably heat transfer between the power output stage or the power switching elements and the water flowing through the device according to the invention allowed.
  • the cooling device for cooling the power output stage or the power switching elements in the flow of the heater is arranged so that the heat transfer between the power output stage or the power switching elements and the water, which has the temperature T 1 occurs.
  • the device according to the invention has a power selection switch, which is connected to the electronic control device and causes a selection and optionally an exclusion of the controllable by the elektronsiche control device switching states.
  • the power selection switch By means of the power selection switch, the operating setting of the device according to the invention and thus the electronic control device can thus be influenced insofar as the amount of heat supplied to the water does not exceed a certain value even with a large flow through the device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention has safety devices which are connected to the electronic control device and cause an exclusion of substantially all switching states that can be controlled by the electronic control device when a safety-relevant state is detected.
  • safety devices which are connected to the electronic control device and cause an exclusion of substantially all switching states that can be controlled by the electronic control device when a safety-relevant state is detected.
  • the safety devices mentioned are particularly preferably temperature sensors which measure the temperature of the water flowing through the heating device or else also individual heating stages and output a measured value to the electronic control device. When a predetermined maximum temperature is exceeded then takes place by the electronic control device, if necessary, the shutdown, d. H. the connection, single or all switching states.
  • the said safety devices also include electrical or electronic sensors which monitor the correct or error-free operation of the heating stage or heating stages and in the event of malfunction, a shutdown or exclusion of individual or substantially all switching states by the electronic control device.
  • the heating stages 4 are particularly preferably electrical heating elements which transmit heat generated by the flow of electronic current to the water flowing through the heating stage.
  • the control stage of the electronic control device controls the power switching elements 12a, 12b and / or 12c of the power output stage 11 of the electronic control device 9, so that they cause an activation or deactivation of the heating stages 4a, 4b and / or 4c.
  • the device according to the invention Fig. 1 thus allows the amount of heat supplied to the water by the heating stages 4a, 4b and 4c to increase and decrease stepwise and in dependence on the flow through which the device flows.
  • the power switching elements 12a, 12b and / or 12c of the power output stage 11 takes place an individual energization of the heating stages 4a, 4b and 4c, which corresponds to a switching on or off of the heating stages.
  • Fig. 2 shows the construction of a particularly preferred measuring device 8 of a device for preparing hot water 1 according to the present invention.
  • the measuring device 8 in this case has a first paddle switch 22 and a second paddle switch 23, which each change their switching state upon reaching a first flow F 1 and a second flow F 2 .
  • the signal generated by the first paddle switch 22 is superimposed on the signal generated by the second paddle switch 23 in the superimposing device, 24 and transmitted to the electronic control device 9.
  • a measuring device 8 the flow of water flowing through the flow tube 25 is determined by a turbine arranged in the flow such that the rotational speed of the turbine is determined by, for example, a Hall sensor or an optical sensor and the size of the water flow flowing through the flow tube 25 is determined therefrom.
  • the signal generated by the flow sensor 26 is transmitted to the electronic control device 9 and made by this to the basis of the determination of the switching states to be controlled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwassen gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Insbesondere betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung einen Durchlauferhitzer für den Haustechnikbereich, bei dem die Steuerung der dem zu erwärmenden Wasser zugeführten Wärmemenge durch eine elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung auf der Grundlage der durch den Durchlauferhitzer fließenden Wassermenge erfolgt.The present invention relates to a device for preparing hot water according to the preamble of claim 1. More particularly, the present invention relates to a water heater for the building services sector, in which the control of the amount of heat supplied to the water to be heated by an electronic control device based on the through-flow water heater flowing amount of water takes place.

Bei bekannten Durchlauferhitzern gemäß dem Stand der Technik erfolgt eine Regelung der dem durch den Durchlauferhitzer hindurchströmenden Wasser zugeführten Wärmemenge in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des aus dem Durchlauferhitzer ausströmenden Wassers sowie der gezapften Warmwassermenge, also warmwasserseitig. Hierbei handelt es sich um sog. elektronische Durchlauferhitzer.In known instantaneous water heaters according to the prior art, the amount of heat supplied to the water flowing through the instantaneous water heater is regulated as a function of the temperature of the water flowing out of the instantaneous water heater and the drawn hot water quantity, that is to say on the hot water side. These are so-called electronic instantaneous water heaters.

Dabei wird beim Unterschreiten einer vorgegebenen Solltemperatur durch eine elektronische Regelungseinrichtung die der Heizeinrichtung zugeführte Energie - und damit die an das Wasser abgegebene Wärmemenge - kontinuierlich hochgeregelt, bis die Temperatur des aus dem Durchlauferhitzer austretenden Wassers die Solltemperatur erreicht. Ebenso wird bei Überschreiten der Solltemperatur durch die elektronische Regelungseinrichtung die der Heizeinrichtung zugeführte Energie herabgeregelt, bis die Temperatur des aus dem Durchlauferhitzer austretenden Wassers auf die Solltemperatur abgefallen ist.In this case, when falling below a predetermined target temperature by an electronic control device, the energy supplied to the heater - and thus the amount of heat released to the water - continuously up-regulated until the temperature of the water leaving the water heater reaches the set temperature. Likewise, when the setpoint temperature is exceeded by the electronic control device, the energy supplied to the heating device is regulated down until the temperature of the water leaving the instantaneous water heater has dropped to the setpoint temperature.

Wesentlich ist hierbei, dass es sich um einen Temperaturregelkreis handelt, welcher im Stande sein muss, kontinuierlich verhältnismäßig hohe Energiedichten zu regeln. Derartige Durchlauferhitzer mit elektrischen Regelungseinrichtungen erweisen sich als verhältnismäßig teuer in der Herstellung und kommen daher nur verhältnismäßig selten zum Einsatz.It is essential here that it is a temperature control loop, which must be able to continuously regulate relatively high energy densities. Such water heaters with electrical control devices prove to be relatively expensive to manufacture and therefore are used only relatively rarely.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Bauart von Durchlauferhitzern gemäß dem Stand der Technik erfolgt eine Steuerung der dem zu erwärmenden Wasser zugeführten Wärmemenge auf der Grundlage der durch den Durchlauferhitzer pro Zeiteinheit hindurchströmenden Wassermenge (Fluss). Dabei wird zumeist über eine im Strömungskanal oder parallel hierzu angeordnete Venturi-Düse und eine hiermit verbundene Druckdose mit Membranstößel, je nach Durchflussmenge ein mechanisches Schaltelement so betätigt, dass bei einem hohen Warmwasserbedarf eine Umschaltung auf eine hohe Leistungsstufe erfolgt und so die dem Wasser zugeführte Wärmemenge und damit die der Heizeinrichtung zugeführte Energie erhöht wird. Bei einem niedrigen Warmwasserbedarf erfolgt eine Umschaltung auf eine niedrige Leistungsstufe, so dass die der Heizeinrichtung zugeführte Energie und somit auch die dem Wasser zugeführte Wärmemenge verringert wird.In a further known type of instantaneous water heater according to the prior art, a control of the amount of heat supplied to the water to be heated takes place on the basis of the amount of water flowing through the water heater per unit of time (River). In this case, usually via a arranged in the flow channel or parallel Venturi nozzle and an associated pressure cell with diaphragm plunger, depending on the flow rate, a mechanical switching element so that when a high hot water demand switching to a high power level occurs and so the water supplied heat and to increase the energy supplied to the heater. With a low hot water requirement, switching to a low power level occurs, so that the energy supplied to the heater and thus also the amount of heat supplied to the water is reduced.

Die Flussmessung erfolgt bei derartigen Durchlauferhitzern üblicherweise im Vorlaufbereich, also Kaltwasserseitig. Weiterhin erfolgt die Steuerung der der Heizeinrichtung zugeführten Energie bzw. der dem Wasser zugeführten Wärmemenge auf diskreten Schaltniveaus, wird also nicht kontinuierlich mit der Durchflussrate gesteigert bzw. verringert, sondern lediglich für verschiedene Flussintervalle, d. h. Bereiche zwischen einer ersten Durchflussmenge und einer zweiten Durchflussmenge, umgeschaltet.The flow measurement is usually carried out in such flow heaters in the flow area, ie cold water side. Furthermore, the control of the energy supplied to the heating device or the amount of heat supplied to the water takes place at discrete switching levels, ie is not continuously increased or reduced with the flow rate, but only for different flow intervals, d. H. Areas between a first flow rate and a second flow rate, switched.

Bei derartigen Durchlauferhitzern wird es als nachteilig angesehen, dass die mechanischen Schaltelemente aufgrund dessen, dass verhältnismäßig hohe Energiedichten geschaltet werden müssen und aufgrund der hiermit verbundenen Druckdose verhältnismäßig groß und unhandlich ausfallen, was unter anderem die Größe des gesamten Durchlauferhitzers stark beeinflusst. Zudem tritt es im Falle mechanischer Schaltelemente zum Schalten von elektrischen Strömen aufgrund der hohen Ströme, die zu schalten sind, beim Schaltvorgang häufig auf, dass die Schaltkontakte miteinander verschweißen oder aber korrodieren und somit ein zuverlässiger Schaltprozess nicht mehr gewährleistet ist.In such flow heaters, it is considered disadvantageous that the mechanical switching elements due to the fact that relatively high energy densities must be switched and due to the associated pressure box are relatively large and cumbersome, which among other things greatly affects the size of the entire water heater. In addition, in the case of mechanical switching elements for switching electrical currents due to the high currents to be switched, it frequently occurs during the switching process that the switch contacts weld together or corrode, and thus a reliable switching process is no longer guaranteed.

Das Dokument DE 4034635 C1 offenbart den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The document DE 4034635 C1 discloses the preamble of claim 1.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es deshalb, eine Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser und insbesondere einen Durchlauferhitzer zur Verfügung zu stellen, welcher die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet und insbesondere eine kompakte und günstig herzustellende Bauart aufweist.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for preparing hot water and in particular a water heater available, which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular has a compact and inexpensive to manufacture type.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by a device for preparing hot water with the features of claim 1. Further preferred embodiments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Demnach weist eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser wenigstens eine Heizeinrichtung auf, welche wenigstens einen Zulauf und einen Ablauf hat und zumindest eine Heizstufe durch die Wasser, welches durch den Zulauf mit einer ersten Temperatur T1 in die Heizeinrichtung einströmt, erwärmt wird, so dass es mit einer zweiten Temperatur T2 aus der Heizeinrichtung ausströmt.Accordingly, a device according to the invention for the preparation of hot water at least one heating device, which has at least one inlet and a drain and at least one heating stage is heated by the water, which flows through the inlet at a first temperature T 1 in the heater, so that it flows out of the heater at a second temperature T 2 .

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung weist weiterhin wenigstens eine Messeinrichtung zur Bestimmung einer durch die Heizeinrichtung pro Zeiteinheit hindurchströmenden Wassermenge (Fluss) auf, wobei die Messeinrichtung ein die Information über den Fluss repräsentierendes elektrische Signal ausgibt. Weiterhin ist eine elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung vorgesehen, welche das von der Messeinrichtung stammende den Fluss repräsentierende elektrische Signal registriert und auf der Grundlage dieses Signals die dem Wasser durch die Heizeinrichtung zugefuhrte Wärmemenge steuert, wobei diese Steuerung mittels diskreter Schaltzustände erfolgt, so dass für ein erstes Flussintervall, also einem Bereich zwischen einem ersten Fluss F1 und einem zweiten Fluss F2 ein erster Schaltzustand angesteuert wird und gegebenenfalls für weitere Flussintervalle weitere Schaltzustände angesteuert werden.The device according to the invention furthermore has at least one measuring device for determining a quantity of water (flow) flowing through the heating device per unit time, wherein the measuring device outputs an electrical signal representing the information about the flow. Furthermore, an electronic control device is provided, which registers the electrical signal representing the flux from the measuring device and controls the amount of heat supplied to the water by the heating device, this control being effected by means of discrete switching states, so that for a first flow interval, In other words, a first switching state is activated for a region between a first flow F 1 and a second flow F 2 and, if appropriate, further switching states are activated for further flow intervals.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird es auf überraschende Weise möglich, Vorrichtungen zum Bereiten von Warmwasser zur Verfügung zu stellen, welche sich insbesondere durch eine kompakte Bauweise sowie die Möglichkeit einer günstigen Herstellung und insbesondere auch durch einen zuverlässigen und langlebigen Betrieb auszeichnen. Weiterhin wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung die Steuerung hoher Leistungen durch elektromechanische Schaltsätze vermieden, wodurch die bekannten Nachteile derartiger Schaltsätze umgangen werden.The device according to the invention makes it possible, in a surprising manner, to provide devices for the preparation of hot water, which are distinguished, in particular, by a compact construction and the possibility of a favorable production and, in particular, by reliable and long-lasting operation. Furthermore, the control of high powers is avoided by electromechanical switching sets by the present invention, whereby the known disadvantages of such sets are bypassed.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung bestehen die diskreten Schaltzustände der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung in einem Zu- bzw. Abschalten weiterer Heizstufen der Heizeinrichtung. Bei einem lediglich geringen Wasserfluss durch die Heizeinrichtung wird beispielsweise nur eine erste Heizstufe von der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung angesteuert bzw. eingeschaltet, wohingegen bei einem erhöhten Wasserfluss durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur ersten Heizstufe in Serie angeordnete zweite und gegebenenfalls weitere Heizstufen angesteuert bzw. eingeschaltet werden.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discrete switching states of the electronic control device consist of switching on or off further heating stages of the heating device. In the case of only a small flow of water through the heating device, for example, only a first heating stage is actuated or switched on by the electronic control device, whereas with an increased water flow through the device according to the invention for the first heating stage, second and optionally further heating stages arranged in series are activated or switched on.

Im Gegensatz hierzu besteht jedoch auch die Möglichkeit, eine einzige Heizstufe je nach Größe des durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hindurchtretenden Flusses mit unterschiedlichen diskreten Schaltzuständen derart anzusteuern, dass die Heizstufe in einem ersten Schaltzustand dem Wasser lediglich eine geringe Wärmemenge zuführt und in weiteren, hiervon diskret getrennten Schaltzuständen dem Wasser weitere, erhöhte Wärmemengen zuführt.In contrast, however, it is also possible to control a single heating stage depending on the size of the flow passing through the device according to the invention with different discrete switching states such that the heating stage only supplies a small amount of heat to the water in a first switching state and in further Of these discretely separated switching states the water further, increased amounts of heat supplies.

Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt die Durchflussmessung dabei durch kontinuierliche oder diskontinuierliche Messfühler, wie z. B. Strömungsturbinen mit entsprechenden Sensoren zur Messung der Umdrehungszahl wie z. B. Hall-Sensoren, optischen Sensoren oder dergleichen oder aber Paddel-Schalter, welche eine im Wasserstrom angeordnete definierte Fläche aufweisen, die je nach Flussgröße aus ihrer Ruhelage bewegt werden und hierdurch ein Schaltzustand ein- bzw. abgeschaltet wird.Particularly preferably, the flow measurement is carried out by continuous or discontinuous probe, such. B. flow turbines with corresponding sensors for measuring the number of revolutions such. As Hall sensors, optical sensors or the like or paddle switch, which have a defined flow in the water surface, which are moved depending on the flow size from its rest position and thereby a switching state on or off.

Neben derartigen Strömungssensoren besteht zudem auch die Möglichkeit der berührungslosen Strömungsmessung wie beispielsweise durch optische oder elektromagnetische Strömungsmesser.In addition to such flow sensors, there is also the possibility of non-contact flow measurement such as optical or electromagnetic flow meter.

Vorzugsweise wird das durch den Messfühler zur Bestimmung des durch die Heizeinrichtung pro Zeiteinheit hindurchströmenden Wassermenge erzeugte elektrische Signal in Form von Impulsen, vorzugsweise Zählimpulsen oder aber einer über eine vorgegebene Zeiteinheit integrierte Folge von Zählimpulsen repräsentiert.Preferably, the electrical signal generated by the sensor for determining the amount of water flowing through the heating device per unit of time is represented in the form of pulses, preferably counting pulses or else a sequence of counting pulses integrated over a predetermined time unit.

Besonders bevorzugt weist die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung zur Ansteuerung der Heizstufe oder der Heizstufen eine Leistungsendstufe auf, welche bevorzugt durch eine ebenfalls in der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung enthaltene Steuerstufe angesteuert wird. Die Steuerstufe verarbeitet dabei das den Fluss repräsentierende elektrische Signal sowie gegebenenfalls weitere für die Steuerung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung relevante Informationen, wie z. B. Sicherheitsinformationen, Leistungsvorwahlinformationen und dergleichen, und ermittelt daraus den anzusteuernden Schaltzustand. Je nach Schaltzustand erfolgt dann die Ansteuerung der Leistungsendstufe dergestalt, dass diese die der oder den Heizstufen zugeführte Energie steuert.Particularly preferably, the electronic control device for controlling the heating stage or the heating stages to a power output stage, which is preferably controlled by a likewise contained in the electronic control device control stage. In this case, the control stage processes the electrical signal representing the flow and optionally further information relevant to the control of the device according to the invention, such as, for example, As security information, power preset information and the like, and determines therefrom the switching state to be controlled. Depending on the switching state then the control of the power output stage takes place in such a way that it controls the energy supplied to the heating stage or stages.

Besonders bevorzugt weist die Leistungsendstufe elektronische Leistungsschaltelemente auf, welche aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt sind die Thyristoren, Leistungstransistoren und insbesondere IGPT und MOSFET, Triacs und dergleichen ähnliche Leistungshalbleiter zum Schalten großer Ströme enthält.Particularly preferably, the power output stage comprises electronic power switching elements which are selected from a group which includes thyristors, power transistors and in particular IGPT and MOSFETs, triacs and the like, similar power semiconductors for switching large currents.

Die Verwendung derartiger Leistungshalbleiter erlaubt es, die Leistungsendstufe günstig und insbesondere auch sehr zuverlässig zu gestalten, da hierbei zumindest teilweise Standardbauelemente verwendet werden können.The use of such power semiconductors makes it possible to make the power output stage low and in particular also very reliable, since in this case at least partially standard components can be used.

Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung weist die Leistungsendstufe und insbesondere die Leistungshalbleiter eine Kühleinrichtung auf, welche Verlustwärme abführt und vorzugsweise einen Wärmeübergang zwischen der Leistungsendstufe oder den Leistungsschaltelementen und dem Wasser, welches durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung strömt, erlaubt. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Kühleinrichtung zur Kühlung der Leistungsendstufe bzw. der Leistungsschaltelemente im Vorlauf der Heizeinrichtung angeordnet, so dass der Wärmeübergang zwischen der Leistungsendstufe oder den Leistungsschaltelementen und dem Wasser, welches die Temperatur T1 hat, erfolgt.In a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the power output stage and in particular the power semiconductors on a cooling device, which dissipates heat loss and preferably heat transfer between the power output stage or the power switching elements and the water flowing through the device according to the invention allowed. Particularly preferably, the cooling device for cooling the power output stage or the power switching elements in the flow of the heater is arranged so that the heat transfer between the power output stage or the power switching elements and the water, which has the temperature T 1 occurs.

Auf diese Weise wird eine besonders effektive Kühlung der Leistungsendstufe bzw. der Leistungsschaltelemente ermöglicht, da zum einen durch die hohe Wärmekapazität von Wasser gegenüber Luft eine besonders effektive Wärmeabfuhr möglich ist und zum anderen die Notwendigkeit einer ausreichenden Belüftung der Kühleinrichtung entfällt. Weiterhin erlaubt die Wasserkühlung der Leistungendstufe bzw. der Leistungsschaltelemente eine weitere, deutliche Verringerung der Raumanforderungen der Leistungsendstufe, da eine im Vergleich zur Luftkühlung geringe Wärmeübergangsfläche benötigt wird.In this way, a particularly effective cooling of the power output stage or the power switching elements is possible because on the one hand by the high heat capacity of water to air a particularly effective heat dissipation is possible and on the other eliminates the need for adequate ventilation of the cooling device. Furthermore, the water cooling of the power output stage or the power switching elements allows a further, significant reduction of the space requirements of the power output stage, since a small compared to the air cooling heat transfer surface is needed.

Besonders bevorzugt weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen Leistungsvorwahlschalter auf, welcher mit der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung verbunden ist und eine Auswahl sowie gegebenenfalls einen Ausschluss der durch die elektronsiche Steuerungseinrichtung ansteuerbaren Schaltzustände bewirkt. Durch den Leistungsvorwahlschalter kann somit die Betriebseinstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und damit die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung insoweit beeinflusst werden, als die dem Wasser zugeführte Wärmemenge auch bei einem großen Fluss durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen gewissen Wert nicht übersteigt. In diesem Fall würde somit eine Auswahl von Schattniveaus erfolgen, welche lediglich einen geringen Energieeintrag in die Heizstufen und damit in das die Vorrichtung durchströmende Wasser zur Folge haben, also niedrigere Schaltniveaus, was im wesentlichen gleichbedeutend mit einem Ausschluss hoher Schaltniveaus, also großer Energieeinträge in die Heizstufen bzw. das zu erwärmende Wasser ist.Particularly preferably, the device according to the invention has a power selection switch, which is connected to the electronic control device and causes a selection and optionally an exclusion of the controllable by the elektronsiche control device switching states. By means of the power selection switch, the operating setting of the device according to the invention and thus the electronic control device can thus be influenced insofar as the amount of heat supplied to the water does not exceed a certain value even with a large flow through the device according to the invention. In this case, a selection of shadow levels would thus take place, which have only a low energy input into the heating stages and thus into the water flowing through the device result, ie lower switching levels, which is essentially synonymous with an exclusion of high switching levels, ie large energy inputs in the Heat levels or the water to be heated is.

Weiterhin weist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform Sicherheitseinrichtungen auf, welche mit der elektronischenSteuerungseinrichtung verbunden sind und einen Ausschluss im wesentlichen aller durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung ansteuerbarer Schaltzustände bewirkt, wenn ein sicherheitsrelevanter Zustand erfasst wird. Hierunter ist zu verstehen, dass bei der Erfassung eines sicherheitsrelevanten Zustandes die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung beispielsweise komplett abgeschaltet wird, also keinerlei Schaltniveaus, welche eine Energiezufuhr an die Heizstufen bzw. ein Wärmeeintrag in das die Vorrichtung durchströmende Wasser zur Folge hätten mehr angesteuert werden oder werden können.Furthermore, in a particularly preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention has safety devices which are connected to the electronic control device and cause an exclusion of substantially all switching states that can be controlled by the electronic control device when a safety-relevant state is detected. This is to be understood that when capturing a security-relevant State, the device according to the invention, for example, completely switched off, so no switching levels, which would have an energy supply to the heating stages or a heat input into the water flowing through the device would result in more or can be.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform bestünde weiterhin die Möglichkeit, die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung je nach Art des sicherheitsrelevanten Zustands in einer Art Notbetrieb lediglich auf einem sehr niedrigen Niveau weiter zu betreiben, bis der sicherheitsrelevante Zustand durch Wartung oder Reparatur behoben wurde.In a further embodiment, it would still be possible, depending on the nature of the safety-relevant state, to continue to operate the device according to the invention in a kind of emergency operation only at a very low level until the safety-relevant state has been remedied by maintenance or repair.

Bei den genannten Sicherheitseinrichtungen handelt es sich besonders bevorzugt um Temperaturfühler, welche die Temperatur des die Heizeinrichtung oder aber auch einzelnen Heizstufen durchströmenden Wassers messen und einen Messwert an die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung ausgeben. Beim Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Maximaltemperatur erfolgt dann durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung gegebenenfalls die Abschaltung, d. h. der Anschluß, einzelner oder aber aller Schaltzustände.The safety devices mentioned are particularly preferably temperature sensors which measure the temperature of the water flowing through the heating device or else also individual heating stages and output a measured value to the electronic control device. When a predetermined maximum temperature is exceeded then takes place by the electronic control device, if necessary, the shutdown, d. H. the connection, single or all switching states.

Als weitere Sicherheitseinrichtung kommt besonders bevorzugt ein Druckmesser zum Einsatz, welcher der Vorrichtung oder aber einzelnen Heizstufen vor- oder nachgeschaltet ist, und durch welchen der Hydrostatische Druck im System, also der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bestimmt und ein entsprechender Messwert an die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung ausgegeben wird. Sofern die Unterschreitung eines vorgegebenen Minimaldrucks detektiert wird, kann von einem drucklosen oder leckbehafteten System ausgegangen werden und durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung eine Abschaltung bzw. Ausschließung einzelner oder im wesentlichen aller Schaltzustände erfolgen. Im Falle eines Überdrucks im System kann beispielsweise von einer Systemüberhitzung ausgegangen werden, welche ebenfalls eine sofortige Abschaltung einzelner oder aller Schaltzustände durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung zur Folge haben könnte bzw. müßte.As a further safety device is particularly preferred a pressure gauge is used, which is upstream or downstream of the device or individual heating stages, and by which the hydrostatic pressure in the system, ie the device according to the invention determined and a corresponding measured value is output to the electronic control device. If the undershooting of a predetermined minimum pressure is detected, it can be assumed that the system is pressureless or leaking and the electronic control device shuts down or excludes individual or substantially all switching states. In the case of an overpressure in the system can be assumed, for example, from a system overheating, which could also have an immediate shutdown of individual or all switching states by the electronic control device would result or would have.

Ebenso umfassen die genannten Sicherheitseinrichtungen auch elektrische oder elektronische Meßfühler, welche die korrekte bzw. fehlerfreie Funktion der Heizstufe oder der Heizstufen überwachen und im Falle einer Fehlfunktion eine Abschaltung bzw. Ausschließung einzelner oder im wesentlichen aller Schaltzustände durch die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung erfolgt.Likewise, the said safety devices also include electrical or electronic sensors which monitor the correct or error-free operation of the heating stage or heating stages and in the event of malfunction, a shutdown or exclusion of individual or substantially all switching states by the electronic control device.

Weitere Merkmale der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung in Verbindung mit den Ansprüchen und der Zeichnung.Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the claims and the drawings.

Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser;
Fig. 2
eine bevorzugte Messeinrichtung zur Flussmessung;
Fig. 3
eine weitere bevorzugte Messeinrichtung zur Flussmessung.
It shows:
Fig. 1
a device according to the invention for the preparation of hot water;
Fig. 2
a preferred measuring device for flow measurement;
Fig. 3
Another preferred measuring device for flow measurement.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser 1, welche drei, strömungstechnisch in Serie geschaltete Heizstufen 4a, 4b und 4c aufweist. Die Pfeile 13 geben dabei die Flussrichtung des durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung strömenden Wassers an. Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention for the preparation of hot water 1, which has three, fluidically connected in series heating stages 4a, 4b and 4c. The arrows 13 indicate the direction of flow of the water flowing through the device according to the invention.

Bei weiteren, nicht dargestellten Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht überdies die Möglichkeit der srrömungstechnischen Parallelschaltung einzelner Heizstufen sowie der Kombination aus Parallel- und Serienschaltung mehrerer Heizstufen. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei den Heizstufen 4 um elektrische Heizelemente, welche durch elektronische Stromfluss erzeugte Wärme auf das durch die Heizstufe hindurchströmende Wasser übertragen.In further, not shown embodiments of the present invention, moreover, there is the possibility of srrömungstechnischen parallel connection of individual heating stages and the combination of parallel and series connection of several heating stages. The heating stages 4 are particularly preferably electrical heating elements which transmit heat generated by the flow of electronic current to the water flowing through the heating stage.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 weist sowohl am Zu-, wie auch am Ablauf Absperrventile 6, 7 auf, welche die Durchführung von Wasserinstallationsarbeiten an dererfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ermöglichen, ohne dass die Vorrichtung dabei vom Wasser entleert werden muss.The device according to the invention Fig. 1 has shut-off valves 6, 7 both at the inlet and at the outlet, which make it possible to carry out water installation work on the device according to the invention, without the device having to be emptied of water.

Die Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weist weiterhin eine Kaltwasserseitig installierte Messeinrichtung 8 auf, welche die durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 bzw. deren Heizeinrichtung 5 strömende Wassermenge pro Zeiteinheit (Fluss) ermittelt und diese Information an die mit der Messeinrichtung 8 verbundene elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 9 in Form eines elektrischen Signals übermittelt.The device for preparing hot water 1 according to Fig. 1 further comprises a cold water side installed measuring device 8, which determines the amount of water flowing through the device 1 or its heating device 5 per unit time (flux) and transmits this information to the electronic control device 9 connected to the measuring device 8 in the form of an electrical signal.

In dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Fall weist die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 9 eine Steuerstufe 10 auf, welche die durch die Messeinrichtung 8 und durch einen Leistungsvorwahlschalter 15 sowie durch einen Drucksensor 16 und die Temperaturfühler 17 und 18 ermittelnden Zustandsinformationen des Systems hinsichtlich Systemdruck, Wassertemperatur und Betriebszustand auswertet und hieraus den anzusteuernden Schaltzustand bestimmt und ansteuert.In the in Fig. 1 In the case illustrated, the electronic control device 9 has a control stage 10, which determines the state information of the system with regard to system pressure, water temperature, which is determined by the measuring device 8 and by a power selection switch 15 and by a pressure sensor 16 and the temperature sensors 17 and 18 and evaluates the operating state and determines and controls the switching state to be triggered therefrom.

Die Steuerstufe der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung steuert die Leistungsschaltelemente 12a, 12b und/oder 12c der Leistungsendstufe 11 der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung 9 an, so dass diese ein Zu- bzw. Abschalten der Heizstufen 4a, 4b und/oder 4c bewirken.The control stage of the electronic control device controls the power switching elements 12a, 12b and / or 12c of the power output stage 11 of the electronic control device 9, so that they cause an activation or deactivation of the heating stages 4a, 4b and / or 4c.

Die Leistungsendstufe 11 der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung 9 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weist weiterhin eine Kühleinrichtung 20 auf, welche der Kühlung der Leistungsschaltelemente 12a, 12b und 12c dient, und welche einen Wärmeübergang zwischen den Leistungsschaltelementen und dem die Vorrichtung 1 durchströmenden Wasser ermöglicht. Hierzu sind Strömungskanäle der Kühleinrichtung 20 zum Hauptwasserstrom durch die Vorrichtung parallel geschaltet, so dass ein Teil des die Vorrichtung durchströmenden Wassers die Kühleinrichtung durchströmt und somit der Abführung von Verlustwärme der Leistungsschaltelemente dient.The power output stage 11 of the electronic control device 9 of the device according to the invention for the preparation of hot water 1 according to Fig. 1 further comprises a cooling device 20, which serves to cool the power switching elements 12a, 12b and 12c, and which allows a heat transfer between the power switching elements and the device 1 flowing through the water. For this purpose, flow channels of the cooling device 20 are connected in parallel to the main water flow through the device, so that a portion of the device flowing through the water flows through the cooling device and thus serves to dissipate heat loss of the power switching elements.

Vorzugsweise ist die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 9 mit der Leistungsendstufe 11 und der Flüssigkühleinrichtung 20 zur Kühlung der Leistungsschaltelemente 12a bis 12c kaltwasserseitig zur Heizeinrichtung geschaltet, so dass zwischen der Temperatur der Leistungsschaltelemente und der des Kühlwassers die größtmögliche Differenz besteht und somit eine möglichst effektive Kühlung der Leistungsschaltelemente ermöglicht wird.Preferably, the electronic control device 9 is connected to the power output stage 11 and the liquid cooling device 20 for cooling the power switching elements 12a to 12c cold water side to the heater, so that between the temperature of the power switching elements and the cooling water, the largest possible difference and thus allows the most effective cooling of the power switching elements becomes.

Der Leistungsvorwahlschalter 15 erlaubt es den Betriebszustand der Vorrichtung einzustellen, d. h. die Ansteuerung der Heizstufen 4a, 4b und/oder 4c derart zu beeinflussen, dass je nach Warmwasserbedarf die maximale an das die Vorrichtung 1 durchströmende Wasser abgegebene Wärmemenge durch eine Auswahl bzw. Begrenzung der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung 9 auf lediglich bestimmte, vorzugsweise niedrigen Schaltniveaus begrenzt wird.The power selection switch 15 allows the operating state of the device to be adjusted, i. H. the control of the heating stages 4a, 4b and / or 4c to influence such that depending on the hot water demand, the maximum amount of heat flowing to the device 1 water is limited by a selection or limitation of the electronic control device 9 only certain, preferably low switching levels.

Der Drucksensor 16 ist mit der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung 9 verbunden und übermittelt an diese Informationen über den hydrostatischen Systemdruck. Wird ein Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Maximaldrucks pmax oder eine Unterschreitung eines vorgegebenen Minimaldrucks pmin registriert, so schaltet die Steuerungseinrichtung sämtliche Leistungsschaltelemente 12a, 12b und 12c ab, so dass keine der Heizstufen 4a, 4b oder 4c bestromt wird und somit keine Wärmeenergie an das Wasser abgegeben wird. Gleichermaßen erfolgt eine Abschaltung einiger oder auch aller Leistungsschaltelemente 12a bis 12c der Leisfungsendstufe 11 der elektronischen Steuerungseinrichtung 9, sofern durch einen der Temperaturfühler 17, 18 das Überschreiten der Wassertemperatur über einen vorgegebenen Temperaturwert Tmax registriert wird.The pressure sensor 16 is connected to the electronic control device 9 and transmits to this information about the hydrostatic system pressure. If an exceeding of a predetermined maximum pressure p max or an undershooting of a predetermined minimum pressure p min is registered, then the control device switches off all power switching elements 12a, 12b and 12c, so that none of the heating stages 4a, 4b or 4c is energized and thus no heat energy to the water is delivered. equally shutdown of some or all of the power switching elements 12a to 12c of the Leisfungsendstufe 11 of the electronic control device 9, if one of the temperature sensor 17, 18, the exceeding of the water temperature over a predetermined temperature value T max is registered.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 erlaubt es somit, die dem Wasser durch die Heizstufen 4a, 4b und 4c zugeführte Wärmemenge stufenweise und in Abhängigkeit von dem die Vorrichtung durchströmenden Fluss zu erhöhen bzw. verringern. Durch die Leistungsschaltelemente 12a, 12b und/oder 12c der Leistungsendstufe 11 erfolgt dabei eine individuelle Bestromung der Heizstufen 4a, 4b und 4c, was einem zu- bzw. abschalten der Heizstufen entspricht.The device according to the invention Fig. 1 thus allows the amount of heat supplied to the water by the heating stages 4a, 4b and 4c to increase and decrease stepwise and in dependence on the flow through which the device flows. By the power switching elements 12a, 12b and / or 12c of the power output stage 11 takes place an individual energization of the heating stages 4a, 4b and 4c, which corresponds to a switching on or off of the heating stages.

Fig. 2 zeigt den Aufbau einer besonders bevorzugten Messeinrichtung 8 einer Vorrichtung zum Bereiten von Warmwasser 1 gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung. Die Messeinrichtung 8 weist hierbei einen ersten Paddel-Schalter 22 sowie einen zweiten Paddel-Schalter 23 auf, welche jeweils bei Erreichen eines ersten Flusses F1 bzw. eines zweiten Flusses F2 ihren Schaltzustand ändern. Das von dem ersten Paddel-Schalter 22 erzeugte Signal wird mit dem von dem zweiten Paddel-Schalter 23 erzeugten Signal in der Überlagerungseinrichtung, 24 überlagert und an die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 9 übertragen. Fig. 2 shows the construction of a particularly preferred measuring device 8 of a device for preparing hot water 1 according to the present invention. The measuring device 8 in this case has a first paddle switch 22 and a second paddle switch 23, which each change their switching state upon reaching a first flow F 1 and a second flow F 2 . The signal generated by the first paddle switch 22 is superimposed on the signal generated by the second paddle switch 23 in the superimposing device, 24 and transmitted to the electronic control device 9.

Bei einer Messeinrichtung 8 gemäß Fig. 3 wird der durch das Strömungsrohr 25 strömende Wasserfluss durch eine im Fluss angeordnete Turbine dergestalt ermittelt, dass durch beispielsweise ein Hall-Sensor oder durch einen optischen Sensor die Drehzahl der Turbine ermittelt und hieraus die Größe des durch das Strömungsrohr 25 strömenden Wasserflusses ermittelt wird. Das von dem Strömungssensor 26 erzeugte Signal wird an die elektronische Steuerungseinrichtung 9 übermittelt und von dieser zur Grundlage der Bestimmung der anzusteuernden Schaltzustände gemacht.In a measuring device 8 according to Fig. 3 the flow of water flowing through the flow tube 25 is determined by a turbine arranged in the flow such that the rotational speed of the turbine is determined by, for example, a Hall sensor or an optical sensor and the size of the water flow flowing through the flow tube 25 is determined therefrom. The signal generated by the flow sensor 26 is transmitted to the electronic control device 9 and made by this to the basis of the determination of the switching states to be controlled.

Bei der Beschreibung der vorliegenden Erfindung wurde lediglich beispielhaft auf die Möglichkeit der Verwendung der Erfindung im Bereich von Hausgeräten bzw. für Wasser-Durchlauferhitzer zurückgegriffen. Eine Anwendung der vorliegenden Erfindung in anderen Bereichen wie z. B. im Bereich von Heiz- bzw. Klimaanlagen oder zum Beheizen von anderen fluiden Medien als Wasser ist jedoch ebensosehr denkbar.In the description of the present invention, the possibility of using the invention in the field of domestic appliances or for water water heaters has been used merely by way of example. An application of the present invention in other areas such. B. in the field of heating or air conditioning or for heating other fluid media than water, however, is just as conceivable.

Claims (10)

  1. An apparatus for preparing hot water (1), in particular a flow heater, comprising:
    - at least one heating device (5) including at least one inlet (2) and one outlet (3), and at least one heating stage (4a, 4b, 4c) which heats water entering the heating device (5) through the inlet (2) at a first temperature T1 so that it exits from the heating device (5) at a second temperature T2;
    - at least one measuring device (8) for determining an amount of water streaming through the heating device (5) per unit time, i.e. flow, the measuring device (8) emitting an electrical signal representing the information about the flow,
    - at least one electronic control device (9), which, based on the electrical signal representing the flow, controls the amount of heat supplied to the water by the heating device (5), wherein
    - the supplied amount of heat being controlled by means of discrete switching states such that a first switching state is driven for a first flow interval and further switching states are driven for further flow intervals where necessary,
    characterized in that
    the measuring device (8) includes at least one discrete flow sensor and preferably a paddle switch (22, 23) which changes its switching state upon reaching a predetermined flow.
  2. The apparatus for preparing hot water of claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the discrete switching states consist in switching in and off, respectively, additional heating stages (4a, 4b, 4c).
  3. The apparatus for preparing hot water of claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the at least one electronic control device (9) comprises a power output stage (11) which drives the at least one heating stage (4a, 4b, 4c).
  4. The apparatus for preparing hot water of claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the power output stage (11) for driving the at least one heating stage (4a, 4b, 4c) includes at least one electronic power switching element (12) selected from a group comprising thyristors, power transistors, in particular IGPTs and MOSFETs, Triacs and similar power semiconductors.
  5. The apparatus for preparing hot water of claim 3 or 4,
    characterized in that
    the power output device (11) includes a cooling device (20) which dissipates waste heat and preferably enables heat transfer between the power output stage (11) and/or the power switching element (12) and the water, preferably the water at the temperature T1.
  6. The apparatus for preparing hot water of any preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    a power preselector switch (15) is provided which is connected to the at least one electronic control device (9) and causes selection and, where necessary, exclusion of the switching states which are drivable by the at least one electronic control device (9).
  7. The apparatus for preparing hot water of any preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    at least one safety device (16, 17, 18) is provided which is connected to the at least one electronic control device (9) and causes selection, and in particular exclusion, of individual or substantially all switching states which are drivable by the at least one electronic control device (9), if a safety-relevant condition is detected.
  8. The apparatus for preparing hot water of claim 7,
    characterized in that
    the at least one safety device is a temperature sensor (17, 18) and/or pressure gauge (16) which causes all heating stages (4a,4b,4c) to switch off in particular as a result of reaching or exceeding a maximum temperature and falling below a minimum pressure or exceeding a maximum pressure, respectively.
  9. The apparatus for preparing hot water of any preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the at least one heating stage (4a, 4b, 4c) includes at least one electric heating element for generating heat.
  10. The apparatus for preparing hot water of any preceding claim,
    characterized in that
    the at least one measuring device (8) includes at least one continuous flow sensor and preferably a turbine, propeller or the like, whose speed changes with the magnitude of the flow passing through it and is determined by a Hall sensor, an optical sensor or similar non-contact speed sensors.
EP06100880.1A 2005-02-01 2006-01-26 Apparatus for heating water Not-in-force EP1686329B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006020924U DE202006020924U1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-01-26 Device for preparing hot water

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005004595A DE102005004595A1 (en) 2005-02-01 2005-02-01 Device for preparing hot water

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1686329A2 EP1686329A2 (en) 2006-08-02
EP1686329A3 EP1686329A3 (en) 2011-03-02
EP1686329B1 true EP1686329B1 (en) 2014-05-07

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ID=36387171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06100880.1A Not-in-force EP1686329B1 (en) 2005-02-01 2006-01-26 Apparatus for heating water

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EP (1) EP1686329B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005004595A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007001492A1 (en) * 2007-01-10 2008-08-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Device for controlling a heating device
PL2098802T3 (en) * 2008-03-04 2017-10-31 Bsh Hausgeraete Gmbh Water heater with an electronic coolant pipe
NL1035645C2 (en) * 2008-07-01 2010-01-05 Agpo Bv Burner controlling method for boiler in heating system, involves measuring pressure of transferred fluid, comparing measured pressure value with reference pressure value, and controlling burner of boiler based on results of comparison
FR2942301A1 (en) 2009-02-18 2010-08-20 Elka S A INSTALLATION FOR INSTANTANEOUS HOT WATER PREPARATION
CN107504551A (en) * 2017-08-30 2017-12-22 宗永红 A kind of separated electric heating installation
BE1026113B1 (en) * 2018-03-19 2019-10-17 Ilan Karavani Device for performing a Shirodhara treatment and method for heating a liquid used for a Shirodhara treatment

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2148467B (en) * 1983-10-18 1988-04-13 Gainsborough Electrical Water heaters
DE4034635C1 (en) * 1990-10-31 1992-06-25 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg, 3450 Holzminden, De Operating electric throughflow heater - setting desired temp. by thermostatic valve in by=pass of heating block contg. elements switchable in power stages by control
US5784531A (en) * 1996-01-05 1998-07-21 Mann; Robert W. Instantaneous fluid heating device and process
GB0116515D0 (en) * 2001-07-06 2001-08-29 Dufour Denis Instant water heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1686329A2 (en) 2006-08-02
EP1686329A3 (en) 2011-03-02
DE102005004595A1 (en) 2006-08-10
DE202006020924U1 (en) 2011-01-20

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