EP1682394B1 - Brandschutzwand - Google Patents

Brandschutzwand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1682394B1
EP1682394B1 EP04790223A EP04790223A EP1682394B1 EP 1682394 B1 EP1682394 B1 EP 1682394B1 EP 04790223 A EP04790223 A EP 04790223A EP 04790223 A EP04790223 A EP 04790223A EP 1682394 B1 EP1682394 B1 EP 1682394B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
fire protection
frame
protection wall
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04790223A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1682394A1 (de
Inventor
Dietmar Quegwer
Armin Frenzel
Christian Loebner
Gehard Fels
Werner Hamacher
Matthias Obst
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bombardier Transportation GmbH filed Critical Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority to PL04790223T priority Critical patent/PL1682394T3/pl
Publication of EP1682394A1 publication Critical patent/EP1682394A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1682394B1 publication Critical patent/EP1682394B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/20—Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
    • E06B5/162—Fireproof doors having windows or other openings, e.g. for permitting ventilation or escape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire protection wall, having a front side expected to be exposed to a fire and an opposite back side, comprising a wall element having wall edges framed by a frame element, wherein a gap exists between the wall edge and the frame element.
  • the invention further relates to a rail vehicle comprising said fire protection wall, and to a process for the manufacture of a fire protection wall.
  • the invention also relates to a frame assembly, framed windows and doors that can be used to manufacture the fire protection wall.
  • Fire protection is a very important issue in all compartments occupied by people, in particular in compartments where they cannot escape from a fire, such as in transport compartments.
  • fireproof walls are required to protect the passengers or the driver of the train from a fire in an adjacent compartment.
  • Such fire protection walls are not only required to be fire-resistant; they also have to prevent leakage of smoke into the adjacent compartment.
  • Smoke poses a risk because it can spread the fire to the other compartments but, more importantly, smoke is dangerous because inhalation can lead to poisoning, suffocation and death. It is particularly difficult to make walls fireproof at the wall edges, where connections must be made to other structural components, for instance windows, doors or other walls.
  • a fireproof wall wherein the gaps between the various structural components are provided with intumescent material.
  • An intumescent material is a material that expands on exposure to heat.
  • the wall elements are, however, not provided with frame elements. Instead, the structural components, for example the windows, are connected directly, inside a U-shaped recess, to the wall parts with elastic material to seal the gaps. Underneath the elastic material, intumescent material is provided. The problem of this connection is that it does not sufficiently protect against leakage of smoke on exposure to a fire. It was found that, on exposure to fire, the entire wall significantly deforms, mainly by bulging out towards the fire.
  • the invention also relates to a frame assembly for the manufacture of a fire protection wall according to claim 1.
  • the frame assembly also comprises an extension covering the front wall part and an isolation element separating the elastic sealing and covering strip from the wall part.
  • the invention relates to a framed window or door, comprising a window or door framed along the edges with a frame assembly according to the invention. All the improvement features of the fire protection wall described hereafter correspondingly apply to the frame assembly and the framed window and door, as well as to the process for the manufacture thereof as described hereafter.
  • a fire protection wall having a front side expected to be exposed to a fire and an opposite back side, comprising a wall element having wall edges framed by a frame element, wherein a gap exists between the wall edge and the frame element, in which gap there is provided along the wall edges an intumescent material at the front side of the fire protection wall and an elastic sealing material at a position nearer to the back side of the fire protection wall.
  • the wall element and frame element are preferably connected by a back connection element at the back side of the fire protection wall.
  • the advantage of this is that, on deformation of the fire protection wall, the gap is forced to maintain a V shape for much longer, hence securing the sealing properties of the elastic sealing material for much longer.
  • the back connection element is a covering strip connecting the wall element and frame element and covering the gap between the wall element and the frame element, providing even better and longer protection against leakage of smoke through the gap.
  • the back connection element is a strip extending from the frame element, preferably as integral part of the frame element.
  • the wall element and the frame element are of a fire-resistant material.
  • the frame element or wall element can be provided with additional means known in the art to improve fire resistance thereof, for instance water-containing filling materials. It was found that the fire protection wall according to the invention is capable of accommodating deformation of the fire protection wall occurring when exposed to a fire and provides better protection against leakage of smoke through the gaps between connected structural components, "better" meaning for a longer time and/or at higher temperatures.
  • the protection wall when the protection wall is exposed to a fire at its front side, it bulges towards the fire, causing the gap between the wall element and the frame element to become V-shaped.
  • the elastic sealing material at a position near the back side of the fire protection wall seals the gap at its smaller end and, hence, can seal the opening gap for a longer time and, being more remote from the heat, also retains its elastic properties for a longer time and at higher temperatures.
  • the temperature at which the intumescent material starts to expand hereinafter referred to as the expansion onset temperature
  • the expansion onset temperature is lower than the temperature at which the elastic material loses its sealing function because of the heat (hereinafter also referred to as the "deformation temperature").
  • the intumescent material closes the gap before the elastic material loses its sealing function. It can also protect the elastic material from further loosing its sealing function and closes the gap to protect against leakage of smoke.
  • the term "near” does not imply any particular position other than that the intumescent material is in front of the elastic material, nearer to where a fire is expected.
  • a heat bridge of heat-conducting material can be provided between the two sealing materials, causing both materials to be exposed to approximately equal temperatures.
  • Elastic sealing materials are, preferably, fire-resistant as well.
  • a wide variety of elastic sealing materials can be used, for example a fire-resistant rubber, preferably silicone rubber.
  • the elastic sealing material is preferably a compressed elastic material.
  • Suitable compressible elastic materials are, for example, foamed rubbers or hollow elastic profiles. The advantage of a compressed elastic material in the gap is that, on deformation of the fire protection wall and increase of the gap between the frame and the wall element, the elastic material follows the increase of the gap, providing a more secure sealing thereof.
  • the frame and the sealing materials heat up by direct contact to heat, but may also heat up indirectly by heat conduction via the wall element.
  • heat isolation is provided between the wall element and the components of the frame, in particular between the wall element and the elastic sealing material and preferably also between the wall element and the back connection element, wherein the back connection element is connected only to the heat isolation element and not directly to the wall part.
  • the heat isolation element prevents heat flow from the wall element to the elastic sealing material and/or the back connection element, hence providing longer resistance against the fire and the leakage of smoke.
  • the fire protection wall comprises at the front side along the wall edge an angle profile with one side extending into the gap between the wall element and the frame element and with the other side covering the front side wall element and wherein the intumescent material is positioned between the wall edge and the angle profile.
  • the intumescent material On exposure to temperatures above the expansion temperature of the intumescent material, the expanding intumescent material will push the angle profile away from the wall element, in this way closing the gap and protecting the elastic sealing material from the heat.
  • the connection is able to accommodate very severe deformation of the wall without losing its smoke-excluding property.
  • further intumescent material is positioned between the angle profile and the frame element to prevent a gap forming between the angle profile and the frame element.
  • the frame element comprises an extension strip at the front side along the frame length.
  • the intumescent material is positioned in a recess in the frame element. This forces the intumescent material to expand in the direction of the gap instead of spreading sideways.
  • the sealing material is a compressed elastic material
  • the compressed elastic material is preferably retained and preferably pre-compressed by a pressure plate. The advantage is that the compressed elastic material is securely positioned in the gap, even when the wall deforms during exposure to fire, and expands in the direction of the gap.
  • the above-described construction is particularly suitable for connecting a wall part to a window or a door.
  • a window or a door is provided complete with the frame element all along the edges for mounting in an opening in a wall element using the construction according to the invention.
  • the construction can also be applied for connecting the outer wall edges at the extremities of the fire protection wall to the compartment walls.
  • the fire protection wall comprises an outer wall edge and, along said edge, wall connection means, for connecting to another wall, comprising an isolation frame connected to the wall element and having, between the wall element and the isolation frame, an intumescent material positioned near the front side and an elastic sealing material near the back side of the fire protection wall.
  • the wall connection means comprises a bridge element along the length of the connection means to connect the isolation frame to the other wall with a gap between the fire protection wall and the other wall.
  • the wall connection means comprises a bridge element along the length of the connection means to connect the isolation frame to the other wall with a gap between the fire protection wall and the other wall.
  • intumescent material is positioned.
  • the bridge element is heat-insulating and/or connected overheat/insulation material is provided to further reduce heat flow to the compartment wall. Between the isolation frame and the bridge element, intumescent material is positioned near the front side and elastic sealing material near the back side of the fire protection wall.
  • the fire protection wall comprises a wall element having a wall edge, a frame element along the wall edge, an angle profile along the wall edges at the front side with one side extending in a gap between the wall edge and the frame element and with the other side covering the front side wall element, intumescent material positioned between the wall edge and the angle profile, a compressed elastic sealing ribbon in the gap near the back side, a covering strip covering the gap and connecting the wall element and frame element at the back side only and a heat isolation element separating the wall element from compressed elastic sealing ribbon and the back connection element.
  • the fire protection wall as described above is designed for protecting against the threat of a fire at one side only. In many cases a threat exists on both sides of the fire protection wall.
  • the invention hence also relates to a dual fire protection wall comprising two fire protection walls as described above with the front side facing outward.
  • the two fire protection walls are merged to one wall, for example with a structure essentially mirror symmetric with respect to a plan parallel plane through the elastic sealing.
  • the invention further relates to a rail vehicle comprising a fire protection wall as described above.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the manufacture of a fireproof wall, comprising providing a wall element comprising wall edges, framing the wall edges with a frame element leaving a gap between the wall edge and the frame element, providing along the wall edges an intumescent material at a position near the front side of the fire protection wall and providing along the wall edges an elastic sealing material near the back side of the fire protection wall.
  • a further preferred process provides an extension along the frame edges at the front side covering the gap and part of the front side wall element and covering strip rigidly connecting wall element and frame element at the back side only, covering the gap along the wall edge.
  • the expression “elastic sealing ribbon” is used to designate an elastic sealing ribbon, an elastic sealing or sealing profiles.
  • the expression “elastic sealing material” is used to designate an elastic sealing material, an elastic sealant, an elastic material or a sealant.
  • the wording "heat insulation element” can designate a heat insulation element or a heat insulation frame.
  • the fire protection wall as shown in Figure 1 is arranged as a combination of wall elements (9) and window frame elements (7) as well as door frame elements (11) with fireproof glass panels (8).
  • the outside edges of the fire protection wall are connected by wall connection means (13) to the walls of a rail vehicle compartment.
  • sealing strips of intumescent material (6) are provided in the gap between the wall element (9) and the frame element (7).
  • an elastic sealing ribbon (2) is provided, held in a fixed position by the pressure plate (4).
  • the elastic sealing ribbon (2) is a compressed elastic hollow profile.
  • the pressure plate (4) is sealed with fire-inhibiting elastic sealing material (3) against the contact strips (10) and the frame elements (7).
  • An angle profile (1) is provided of the front side extending with one side into the gap and one side covering the gap as well as part of the wall part.
  • the frame element (7) and the doorframe profiles (11) are connected by covering strip (5) at the back side only.
  • Figure 4 shows wall connection means for connecting the fire protection wall to the compartment wall, comprising heat insulation element (12) and a sealing featuring intumescent material (6) on the exposed side and fire-inhibiting elastic sealing material (3) in an area sufficiently distant from the exposed side. Further, it is shown that the wall element (9) is attached to the compartment wall (15) by a bridge element (14) connected to the heat insulation element (12), again using an intumescent material (6) and the elastic sealing material (3) to protect this connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Rahmenanordnung für die Herstellung einer Brandschutzwand, umfassend ein Rahmenelement (7, 11), intumeszentes Material (6) entlang der Länge des Rahmenelements (7, 11) an einer Vorderseite, von der erwartet wird, dass sie einem Brand ausgesetzt wird, und ein zusammengedrücktes elastisches Dichtungsband (2) näher an der Rückseite, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner einen Abdeckstreifen (5) zum Verbinden eines Wandelements und des Rahmenelements (7, 11) nur an der Rückseite umfasst, wobei der Abdeckstreifen (5) zum Abdecken des Spalts zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) geeignet ist.
  2. Eingerahmte/s Fenster oder Tür, umfassend ein Fenster oder eine Tür, das/die an den Rändern entlang von einer Rahmenanordnung nach Anspruch 1 umrahmt ist.
  3. Brandschutzwand mit einer Vorderseite (X), von der erwartet wird, dass sie einem Brand ausgesetzt wird, und einer entgegengesetzten Rückseite, umfassend ein Wandelement (9) mit Wandrändern, die von einem Rahmenelement (7, 11) umrahmt sind, wobei zwischen dem Wandrand und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) ein Spalt besteht, wobei in diesem Spalt entlang den Wandrändern ein intumeszentes Material (6) an der Vorderseite (X) und elastisches Dichtungsmaterial (3) an einer Position näher an der Rückseite der Brandschutzwand vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Wandelement (9) und das Rahmenelement (7, 11) durch einen Abdeckstreifen (5) an der Rückseite der Brandschutzwand verbunden sind, wobei der Abdeckstreifen (5) das Wandelement (9) und das Rahmenelement (7, 11) verbindet und den Spalt zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) abdeckt.
  4. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 3, bei welcher das elastische Dichtungsmaterial (3) ein zusammengedrücktes elastisches Dichtungsband (2) ist, das an den Wandrändern entlang positioniert ist.
  5. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei welcher der Abdeckstreifen (5) eine Verlängerung des Rahmenelements (7, 11) ist.
  6. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei welcher zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Abdeckstreifen (5) ein Wärmedämmungselement (10) vorgesehen ist und bei welcher der Abdeckstreifen (5) nur mit dem Wärmedämmungselement (10) verbunden ist.
  7. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 4 bis 6, bei welcher das Wärmedämmungselement (10) zum Trennen des Wandelements (9) und des elastischen Dichtungsmaterials (3) bereitgestellt ist.
  8. Brandschutzwand nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, bei welcher das Rahmenelement (7, 11) an der Vorderseite (X) entlang der Länge des Rahmenelements (7, 11) einen Verlängerungsstreifen aufweist, der das vorderseitige Wandelement und den Spalt abdeckt.
  9. Brandschutzwand nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, ferner umfassend ein Winkelprofil (1) an der Vorderseite (X) am Wandrand entlang, das sich mit der einen Seite in den Spalt zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) erstreckt und mit der anderen Seite das vorderseitige Wandelement abdeckt, und bei welcher zwischen dem Wandrand und dem Winkelprofil (1) intumeszentes Material (6) angeordnet ist.
  10. Brandschutzwand nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 9, bei welcher das intumeszente Material (6) in einer Ausnehmung im Rahmenelement (7, 11) positioniert ist.
  11. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 4 und Anspruch 10, bei welcher das zusammengedrückte elastische Dichtungsband (2) von einer Druckplatte (4) vorgepresst wird.
  12. Brandschutzwand nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 11, umfassend einen äußeren Wandrand und entlang dem genannten Rand Wandverbindungsmittel (13) zum Verbinden mit einer weiteren Wand (15), umfassend einen Isolationsrahmen (12), der mit dem Wandelement (9) verbunden ist und zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Isolationsrahmen (12) ein intumeszentes Material (6) aufweist, das sich näher an der Vorderseite (X) befindet, und ein elastisches Dichtungsmaterial (3) näher an der Rückseite der Brandschutzwand aufweist.
  13. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 12, bei welcher das Wandverbindungsmittel (13) ein Brückenelement (14) zum Verbinden des Isolationsrahmens (12) mit der anderen Wand (15) mit einem Spalt zwischen der Brandschutzwand und der anderen Wand aufweist.
  14. Brandschutzwand nach Anspruch 13, bei welcher sich zwischen dem Isolationsrahmen (12) und dem Brückenelement (14) ein intumeszentes Material (6) nahe der Vorderseite (X) und ein elastisches Dichtungsmaterial (3) nahe der Rückseite der Brandschutzwand befindet.
  15. Schienenfahrzeug, das eine Brandschutzwand nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 14 aufweist.
  16. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Brandschutzwand, umfassend eine Vorderseite (X) und eine Rückseite, wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    - Bereitstellen eines Wandelements (9), das Wandränder aufweist,
    - Umrahmen der Wandränder mit einem Rahmenelement (7, 11), wobei zwischen dem Wandrand und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) ein Spalt belassen wird,
    - Bereitstellen eines intumeszenten Materials (6) in dem genannten Spalt an den gesamten Wandrändern entlang an der Vorderseite (X) der Brandschutzwand und
    - Bereitstellen eines elastischen Dichtungsmaterials (3) an den Wandrändern entlang näher an der Rückseite der Brandschutzwand,
    - Bereitstellen eines Verlängerungsstreifens an der Vorderseite (X) des Rahmenelements (7, 11), der den Spalt und einen Teil der Vorderseite (X) des Wandelements (9) abdeckt, und
    - Bereitstellen eines Abdeckstreifens (5), der das Wandelement (9) und das Rahmenelement (7, 11) verbindet und den Spalt zwischen dem Wandelement (9) und dem Rahmenelement (7, 11) abdeckt, zum starren Verbinden von Wandelement (9) und Rahmenelement (7, 11) nur auf der Rückseite.
EP04790223A 2003-10-10 2004-10-08 Brandschutzwand Not-in-force EP1682394B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04790223T PL1682394T3 (pl) 2003-10-10 2004-10-08 Przeciwpożarowa ściana

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0323795.5A GB0323795D0 (en) 2003-10-10 2003-10-10 Fire protection wall
PCT/EP2004/011286 WO2005039949A1 (en) 2003-10-10 2004-10-08 Fire protection wall

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1682394A1 EP1682394A1 (de) 2006-07-26
EP1682394B1 true EP1682394B1 (de) 2011-03-02

Family

ID=29433697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04790223A Not-in-force EP1682394B1 (de) 2003-10-10 2004-10-08 Brandschutzwand

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1682394B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100537321C (de)
AT (1) ATE500109T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004031653D1 (de)
GB (1) GB0323795D0 (de)
PL (1) PL1682394T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2005039949A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017111965A1 (de) 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Verbundsystem, Feuerschutzschrank und Transportmittel aufweisend einen Feuerschutzschrank

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT15254U1 (de) * 2016-02-09 2017-04-15 Manfred Teufl Übergang zur anordnung zwischen zwei gelenkig miteinander verbundenen fahrzeugen

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT382677B (de) * 1984-01-27 1987-03-25 Lindpointner Tore Schiebetor, insbesondere brandschutz-schiebetor
AT406853B (de) * 1991-09-25 2000-10-25 Ife Gmbh Durchgang eines waggons des schienengebundenen personenverkehrs
AT404707B (de) * 1992-12-15 1999-02-25 Wiener Metallwerk Gesmbh Türanordnung für ein fahrzeug, insbesondere übergangstür an der stirnwand eines eisenbahnwaggons
GB2309728B (en) * 1996-02-01 1999-09-08 Lorient Polyprod Ltd Structural frame member

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017111965A1 (de) 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Verbundsystem, Feuerschutzschrank und Transportmittel aufweisend einen Feuerschutzschrank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE500109T1 (de) 2011-03-15
PL1682394T3 (pl) 2011-07-29
DE602004031653D1 (de) 2011-04-14
GB0323795D0 (en) 2003-11-12
EP1682394A1 (de) 2006-07-26
WO2005039949A1 (en) 2005-05-06
CN100537321C (zh) 2009-09-09
CN1886289A (zh) 2006-12-27

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