EP1681234A1 - Boat lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

u The lever system comprises a crane (8, 9, 27) and a lever element that is built as a pallet or cartridge (16). The lever system comprises a crane (8, 9, 27) and a lever element that is built as a pallet or cartridge (16). The lever element may have adjustable holders (28) for adapting to the underside of different ships (2). The holders may comprise adjustable bearing supports. The lever element may have holder systems (29) to latch carrier spars (31) or carrier cords of the crane. The lever element may be lowered beneath the water surface (25) to below the keel of the to-be-levered ship such that a ship can travel on the lowered lever element. There may be a centring system (41, 42) for centring of the lowered lever element about the moving ship. The centring system may comprise a control board and a backboard that slides against the outer skin of the ship.

Description

The invention relates to a lifting device for lifting boats out of the water and for putting boats on the water according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

As a relatively small craft boats are often lifted out of the water to store them dry or to transport over land to another lake or another stretch of coast. Conventionally, it is known to draw boats by means of a winch out of the water and onto the shore, where they are placed on a boat or the like.

Sport boats with larger dimensions and weights as well as fishing boats are sometimes lifted out of the water by means of a crane. For this purpose, a conventional crane in a port is used, are hung on the two or more straps as lifting elements. The straps are placed under the hull of the boat to be lifted so that it can be lifted out of the water by the crane and landed on land, preferably on a boat. It is obvious that the lifting of a boat with such straps is a time-consuming and labor-intensive thing that involves risks, since a boat hull hardly opposes slippage of the straps in the longitudinal direction of the boat due to its streamlined shape and the straps accordingly must be aligned and positioned exactly to the center of gravity of the boat.

However, the lifting out of a boat out of the water is often done with a crane located at a docks, as the port side of a port and the navigability of a harbor are often indispensable, whereas pulling a boat out of the water by means of a winch only on naturally shaped Uferböschungen is possible.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to improve a lifting device of the type mentioned in terms of their handling and usability.

This object is achieved by a lifting device with the features of claim 1. Preferred developments of the lifting device according to the invention are laid down in the claims 2 to 16.

The central idea of the present invention is therefore to use as lifting elements pallets or cassettes. In contrast to the previously known straps so supporting structures are used, which ensure reliable support of the boat to be lifted due to their inherent rigidity, where they have fixed points of attack for the crane so that it can be easily hung and hung without estimating the location of the boat's center of gravity or to determine by trial and error. Rather, the boat's center of gravity must lie only somewhere above the area spanned by the points of attack of the crane, which is ensured in any case when the projection of the boat is completely within this area, so the pallet or cassette is sufficiently large. The boat is then lifted on the principle of a serving tray by the crane. With pallet or cassette in this case all sufficiently rigid supporting structures are meant, on the one hand a boat placed and on the other hand, a crane can be attached. Such a construction may well be designed as a plate, as a grate, as a grid construction or as a tub or the like.

Appropriately, the lifting elements, so the pallets or cassettes of the lifting device according to the invention, with adjustable brackets for Adapted to the undersides of different boats provided, which holders preferably consist essentially of adjustable support posts. Of course, it is also possible to equip pallets or cassettes with universally applicable brackets that do not need to be adjusted, or even to the shape of a boat hull adapting brackets or support posts.

In particular, when the lifting elements are individually adapted to different boats or different types of boats or need to be adapted, it offers advantages if the lifting elements are provided with holding devices for easy engagement of support arms or ropes of the crane. Thus, a quick change of the lifting element of the lifting device according to the invention is easily possible.

Particular advantages of the invention, when the lifting device is designed so that the lifting elements are lower side water below the water level, up to the keel of a boat to be lifted, so that this boat can drive over the lowered lifting element. This means that the boat floats when placed on the water and is released from the lifting element and vice versa for positioning over the lifting element can be driven over this.

In this case, it offers further special advantages if there is a centering device on the water side for centering a boat driven by the lowered lifting element, the boat being centered relative to the lifting element. This centering ensures that the lifting element comes to lie in the correct position by simply lifting the hull and this supports the further lifting of the lifting element accordingly, so that the boat is lifted on the lifting quickly and safely out of the water. A time-consuming positioning of the boat by hand when lifting the lifting element can thus be omitted.

The centering device can be mounted on the lifting element itself, for example by means of rollers which form a kind of centering funnel for the boat keel; However, it is particularly advantageous if the centering device substantially consists of starboard and port on the outer shell of the boat symmetrically approachable sliders. Such slides ensure in a simple manner the centric alignment of the boat keel on the lifting element, especially in boats of different widths.

In addition, if there is a centering stop for the bow of the boat, the boat can also be aligned in its longitudinal direction on the lifting element by simply entering this centering stop.

In addition to the surface defined by the lowered lifting element in projection onto the water surface, a web located above the water surface may be arranged. This bar then allows a comfortable entry and exit into and out of the boat immediately after placing it on the water or before lifting it out of the water, so at a time when the boat does not need to be moved and controlled ,

To adapt to varying or due to the tidal activity varying water levels of the aforementioned bridge may be designed to float. Preferably, the web is fastened together with the centering device on a common, floating support. This floating support is preferably provided with pontoons which are slidably mounted on vertical supports of the crane, whereby the vertical supports act as vertical guides.

In order to improve the safety and convenience of getting in and out of the boat on a web attached to the lifting device according to the invention, the web can be provided with telescopically or fan-like extendable bridge elements for approaching a boat centered in the lifting device. These bridge elements are preferably actuated together with the slides of the centering device. By this measure, the range of usable for the lifting device according to the invention boat widths increases, because the bridge can in itself be designed for very wide boats, with narrower boats can then be entered on the bridge elements.

In order to keep the boats hanging on the crane of the lifting device according to the invention as stable as possible, the crane preferably has a lifting frame, which consists of a number of interconnected support arms. Once the brackets are attached to the pallet or cassette, preferably latched, this results in a kind of transport cage for the boat so that it is optimally protected.

The lifting elements can be equipped for easier handling on land with fixed or even activated as required drive rollers.
A boat lifted out of the water by the lifting device according to the invention is then simply put down on the land side together with the pallet or the cassette, whereupon this can then be moved away "by hand" or brought into a desired position.

In contrast, particular advantages arise when the lifting elements are designed as cassettes of a mechanized rack or honeycomb bearing or the like. The mechanized rack or honeycomb storage comprises fixed transport means for storing and retrieving stored on the cassettes boats, wherein a staging station is provided, to which the cassettes are deposited by the crane of the lifting device according to the invention and of which the cassettes with or without boat be picked up the transport facilities of the shelf or honeycomb storage. Due to the limited space available at lake shores and popular coastal sections, there is often a great lack of moorings for boats. The present development of the invention enables a well-established in other fields, especially in the steel trade storage technology for large and heavy, not manually movable objects, ie a rack or honeycomb storage with appropriate storage and retrieval device and horizontal conveyors, even for the storage and retrieval of boats to use. The boats are then lifted by the lifting device according to the invention from the water, after which they from the transport facilities of the mechanized warehouse in a storage location, ie in particular a shelf or a honeycomb of a Honeycomb storage are stored. Since such a warehouse makes it possible to arrange several storage bins one above the other as well as to set up the storage bins at a certain distance from the shore, considerably more boats can then be stored in a certain bank area and also kept ready due to the mechanized transport facilities. In addition, it is possible to cover this warehouse with a roof or to place it in a warehouse, which offers the great advantage that the boats, in the time they are stored and kept ready, the weather and in particular the UV radiation of the sun are not exposed. A warehouse also provides improved protection against theft and vandalism.

If the lifting elements are designed as cassettes of a mechanized rack or honeycomb storage, so a boat can be automatically placed in the water on the cassette, lifted with this out of the water and delivered to the transport facilities, after which it is stored in a boat storage in the shelf storage or honeycomb storage becomes. Conversely, if necessary, the transport facilities retrieve the boat stored in its storage bin from the warehouse and place it in the water so that it can be used. Due to the present invention cassettes boats of different sizes and shapes can be transported to a maximum size and a maximum weight and stored and outsourced without having to customize the transport facilities and boat storage berths adaptable to different boat shapes. Rather, the transport facilities and the boat storage spaces must only serve for transporting and receiving cassettes of identical design.

The crane of the lifting device according to the invention may finally be designed so that it can span a longer distance linearly moving and thus, for example, lift a boat out of the water and proceed on a multi-lane coastal road or a railway line and settle behind this on land. A lifting device according to the invention can therefore also be used in places where there was hitherto no access to the water, at least not for boats.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 2

die Hebevorrichtung aus Figur 1 mit Boot;

Figur 3

eine schematische Frontansicht der Zentrierung eines Bootes in der Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 4

eine Kassette in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Figur 5

ein Detail zur Befestigung einer Kassette an der Hebevorrichtung;

Figur 6

eine Frontansicht von acht nebeneinander angeordneten Hebevorrichtungen in verschiedenen Phasen des Anhebens;

Figur 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Lageranlage mit erfindungsgemäßen Hebevorrichtungen;

Figur 8

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Anlage aus Figur 7.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and explained. Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a lifting device according to the invention;

FIG. 2

the lifting device of Figure 1 with boat;

FIG. 3

a schematic front view of the centering of a boat in the lifting device;

FIG. 4

a cassette in perspective view;

FIG. 5

a detail for attaching a cassette to the lifting device;

FIG. 6

a front view of eight juxtaposed lifting devices in different stages of lifting;

FIG. 7

a perspective view of a storage facility with lifting devices according to the invention;

FIG. 8

a schematic side view of the system of Figure 7.

An embodiment of a lifting device 7 according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2, with parts of the lifting device 7 being removed in FIG. 2 for better illustration.

The lifting device 7 comprises a crane designed here as a gantry crane 8, which can be moved horizontally along a rail bridge 27, and to which a lifting frame 9 hangs. The lifting frame 9 consists of a total of six support members 31 which are latched via pawls 30, as shown in Figure 5, in holding means 29 of a cassette 16 of a mechanized bearing. The supports of the gantry crane 8 serve as vertical guides 26 for pontoons 40, which hold a web 39 as well as a stop 38 connected thereto for depositing the cassette 16.

In Figure 1, the gantry crane 8 has lowered the lifting frame 9 attached to it and the attached cassette 16 to below the water level on the lower stop 38. Due to the pontoons 40 and the floating guide of the web 39 and the stop 38 on the vertical guides 26, the water-side parts of the present embodiment adapt to the water level in the harbor 1 automatically.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, a centering stop 41 for the bow of a boat 2 is mounted at the level of the web 39 at the front. A number of sliders 42 are arranged laterally in web height, which are displaceable symmetrically with respect to the center of the lifting device 7 and thus center a boat 2 retracted into the lifting device 7 above the cassette 16. The thus centered boat 2 can then be easily fitted by lifting the lift frame 9 on the cassette 16 and then landed by further lifting by the gantry crane 8 and method along the rail bridge 27.

The cassette 16 consists, as Figure 4 shows, essentially of a tubular frame with attached, adjustable Auflagerstützen 28 for the outer skin of the boat 2. The side holding means 29 are mounted, in which, as Figure 5 shows, pawls 30 of the support members 31 of the lifting frame. 9 can be latched. For this purpose, the support elements 31 are preferably pivotable relative to the lifting frame 9 and / or rotatable, with respect to the cassette 16 to the outside.

FIG. 3 schematically shows a front view of the lifting device 7 in order to illustrate the centering of the boat 2 by the sliders 42. This centering ultimately leads to a clean placement of the boat 2 on the support posts 28 of the cassette 16 when lifting the same by means of the lifting frame 9. The reference numeral 25, the water level is symbolized.

Figure 6 shows the front view of eight juxtaposed lifting devices 7a-h, each of these lifting devices 7a-h showing a different phase of lifting a boat 2. The lifting device 7a just moves a cassette 16 from the land side to the water side to fetch a boat 2 from the harbor 1. For this purpose, the support members 31 of the lifting frame 9 are latched into holding devices 29 of the cassette 16 and the lifting frame 9 pulled from the gantry crane 8 all the way up. In the lifting device 7b, the lifting frame 9 has been lowered with the cassette 16 from the gantry crane 8 under the water level 25 to a lower stop. Now, as the lifting device 7c shows, a boat 2 drive over the cassette 16. In the lifting device 7d, the boat 2 by a (not shown here) centering device centered so that the keel is centered on the cassette 16. In the lifting device 7e, the gantry crane 8 has lifted the lifting frame 9, together with the cassette 16, until its bearing supports 28 bear against the hull of the boat. As the lifting device 7g illustrates, then the boat 2 can be moved on its cassette 16 on its cassette 16 in the raised state of the gantry crane 8 perpendicular to the plane backwards and in the lifting device 7f. as in the lifting device 7h, be placed on the land side to a staging station 10. There, the lifting frame 9 is then disengaged, and the cassette 16 can be removed and moved together with the boat 2 from there.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a system for dry storage and keeping boats with eight lifting devices 7 according to the invention in a perspective overall view. The lifting devices 7 serve as an interface between the docks 1 and a honeycomb storage 13 with multiple rack aisles 14, in each of which a known storage and retrieval unit 15 for storing and retrieving cassettes 16 with boats 2 mounted thereon in and out of the individual honeycombs Rails 17 can be moved. For transporting the boats 2 on their cassettes 16 between the staging stations 10 of the lifting devices 7 and the storage and retrieval device 15 18 running Verfahrwagen 19 are provided on rails, which pull down the cassettes 16 with or without boat longitudinally from the staging stations 10 or on this and the Cartridges 16 pass transversely to transfer stations 20 at the beginning of each rack aisle 14 or from there, which transfer station 20 serves as an interface to the storage and retrieval unit 15. For this purpose, the transfer carriage 19 is provided with a rotating device 21, by means of which it can be pivoted by 90 °. In the illustrated honeycomb storage 13 each four boat storage spaces 22, which can be approached by the storage and retrieval unit 15, arranged one above the other. A linear manipulator 23 pulls the cassette 16 standing on the transfer station 20, together with the boat 2, onto the transport frame 24 of the storage and retrieval device 15 and, conversely, pushes it down from the transport frame 24 into this upon reaching the corresponding boat storage area 22. Outsourcing a boat 2 or even an empty cassette 16 works the other way round.

The Verfahrwagen 19 can store any cassette located in the system 16 with or without boat 2 optionally also on service stations 11 and a storage station 12 as an interface between a route 6 and the system shown or pick from there.

In Figure 8, the essential elements of the system shown in Figure 7 are shown again schematically in a side view, the flow of storing a boat 2 from the harbor 1 in the honeycomb storage 13, which is arranged in a warehouse 3 with skylights 4 and catering 5 is visualized. The boat 2 is driven by a cassette 16, which has been lowered below the water level 25. Thereafter, the gantry crane 8 lifts the lifting device 7 according to the invention by means of its lifting frame 9 within vertical guides 26, the cassette 16 out of the water and moves them linearly along a rail bridge 27 on the shore, after which the cassette 16 is lowered to the delivery station 10. The carriage 19 then pulls the cassette 16 longitudinally away from the staging station 10 and moves the cassette 16 transversely to the desired rack aisle 14, after which a pivoting of the carriage 19 with the cassette 16 by 90 ° and the cassette 16 then on the broadside the transfer station 20 of the corresponding rack aisle 14 is pushed. From the transfer station 20, the storage and retrieval device 15 removes the cassette 16 with the boat 2 again in the longitudinal direction, lifts them and stores the boat 2 together with its cassette 16 along in a boat storage space 22 in the honeycomb storage 13 a.

The system shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is automatically operated by a central control. If a boat owner wants to drive out with his stored boat 2 in the harbor 1, the controller is activated accordingly, where she brings this particular boat from his boat storage 22. This happens because the corresponding storage and retrieval device 15 pulls the boat 2 on its cassette 16 from the boat storage space 22 on the Transportstell 24, it pushes for a corresponding infrastructure from there to the transfer station 20, whereupon a carriage 19, the cassette 16 with the boat. 2 From the transfer station 20 takes over, rotates 90 °, along the rails 18 moves to one of the lifting devices 7 and there the Boot 2 with the cassette 16 on the delivery station 10 pushes. From the staging station 10, the gantry crane 8 removes the cassette 16 with the boat 2 by lowering the lifting rack 9 onto the cassette 16, latching the pawls 30 of the supporting elements 31 of the lifting rack 9 into the holding device 29 of the cassette 16 and then moving the boat along the Rail bridge 27 is moved to the water-side stop of the gantry crane 8. There, the cassette 16 is lowered to the stop 38, wherein the boat 2 floats on the water level 25 and thereby freed from the cassette 16. It can then go out into the harbor 1 on its own. Meanwhile, the boat owner has been waiting in the vicinity of the bridge 39 and can get into his boat 2 from there in the lifting device 7.

In general, after moving out of the boat 2 from the lifting device 7, the cassette 16 is moved back in the reverse direction in the honeycomb bearing 13, wherein the cassette 16 can then be stored in a fixed boat storage space 22 back, as far as such is assigned, but does not have to as long as the controller remembers where it has placed the cartridge 16.

Upon return of the boat 2, this is automatically identified by the controller, or the boat owner identifies himself at an operator interface at the controller itself, so that then the associated cassette 16 is retrieved from the honeycomb bearing 13 and turn on the water side of the lifting device 7 to below Water level 25 and in particular lower than the keel of the boat 2 is lowered. The boat 2 is then driven over the cassette 16 and centered after disembarking the boat operator on the web 39 and activating the centering device by means of the slider 42 exactly above the cassette 16. Thereafter, the cassette 16 is lifted by the gantry crane 8 and stored in the reverse order as described above again in a boat storage space 22 in the honeycomb storage 13. This does not necessarily have to be a firm boat storage 22.

For maintenance purposes, the controller can also be given to get a specific boat 2 from the honeycomb storage 13 and set down on a service station 11.

C o m p a n c e m e n t i o n s

1

basin

2

boat

3

storage hall

4

Skylight device

5

gastronomy

6

access road

7

hoist

8th

gantry crane

9

lifting structure

10

Ready station

11

service station

12

loading station

13

honeycomb storage

14

aisle

15

Storage and retrieval unit

16

cassette

17

rails

18

rails

19

traversing

20

Transfer station

21

rotator

22

Boot camp

23

manipulator

24

Caddy

25

water level

26

vertical guide

27

rail bridge

28

bearing bracket

29

holder

30

pawl

31

supporting member

38

attack

39

web

40

pontoon

41

Centering stop

42

pusher

Claims (16)

Lifting device for lifting boats out of the water and for putting boats on the water, with a crane (8, 9, 27) and with lifting elements to be mounted under the hull of a boat (2) to be raised or lowered,
characterized,
in that the lifting elements are designed as a pallet or cassette (16). Lifting device according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the lifting elements (16) are provided with adjustable holders (28) for adaptation to the undersides of different boats (2). Lifting device according to claim 2,
characterized,
in that the holders of the lifting elements (16) essentially consist of adjustable bearing supports (28). Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
in that the lifting elements (16) are provided with holding devices (29) for latching in support arms (31) or carrying cables of the crane (8, 9, 27). Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that the lifting elements (16) can be lowered on the water side below the water level (25) and below the keel of the boat (2) to be lifted so that a boat (2) can travel over a lowered lifting element (16). Lifting device according to claim 5,
characterized,
on the water side there is a centering device (41, 42) for centering a boat (2) driven by a lowered lifting element (16) relative to the lifting element (16). Lifting device according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the centering device consists essentially of starboard and port side against the outer skin of the boat (2) symmetrically approachable sliders (42). Lifting device according to one of claims 6 or 7,
characterized,
in that the centering device also comprises a centering stop (41) for the bow of the boat (2). Lifting device according to one of claims 5 to 8,
characterized,
in that, in addition to the surface defined by the lowered lifting element (16) in projection onto the water surface, a web (39) located above the water surface is arranged. Lifting device according to claim 9,
characterized,
that the web (39) is designed to adapt to varying water levels floating. Lifting device according to claims 6 and 10,
characterized,
in that the centering device (41, 42) and the web (39) are fastened to a common, floating support (40). Lifting device according to claim 11,
characterized,
in that the crane (8) has vertical supports which serve as vertical guides (26) for holding the web (39) and the centering device (41, 42), wherein displaceable pontoons (40) are provided on the vertical guides (26). Lifting device according to one of claims 9 to 12,
characterized,
in that the web (39) is provided with telescopically or fan-like, optionally in connection with adjustable stops (41, 42) extendable bridge elements for approaching a in the lifting device (7) centered boat (2). Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized,
in that the crane (8) comprises a lifting frame (9) consisting of a number of supporting arms (31) connected to one another. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 14,
characterized,
in that the lifting elements (16) are equipped with drive rollers which can be activated as required or are permanently attached and optionally barked. Lifting device according to one of claims 1 to 15,
characterized,
that the lifting elements as cassettes (16) of a mechanized shelf or honeycomb storage (13) or the like, with permanently installed transport means (15, 19) for loading and unloading of the cassettes (16) supported boats (2), wherein there is a staging station (10) on which the cassettes (16) are settable by the crane (8) of the lifting device (7), and which of the transport devices (19) the shelf or honeycomb storage (13) is approachable.

Images