EP1679484B1 - Device to attach ballistic protection elements. - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has fastening units arranged at a housing wall, and a screw (5) screwed in an internal screw thread for fastening a protection unit (2) to a vehicle body. A thrust washer (4) is arranged between a screw head (5.1) and a top side of the protection unit. The washer has a specific thickness and is made from armor steel. An outer diameter of the washer at a given absolute value is greater than a diameter of a hole of the unit.

Description

The invention relates to a device for fastening ballistic protective elements to objects to be protected against the effects of weapons, in particular to housings of armored vehicles having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.

Such a device is out EP 1 361 408 A1 known.

In known fastening devices of this type, the inner diameter of the bore of the protective element by about 15 mm larger than the diameter of the fastener to movement possibilities for the biaxial alignment of the protective element and for the Compensation of manufacturing tolerances to have. This design has the consequence that special screws must be used to attach the protective element with a screw head whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the bore of the protective element. Since such screws can not be made of a steel armor, but from a softer material that is mechanically machinable must exist, occurs at the attachment points of the protective elements in each case a ballistic vulnerability by the relatively large bore in the protective element filled with steel bodies and is covered, but these are less effective ballistic than the protective element itself.

A further disadvantage arises from the fact that the special screws must be present in very different screw lengths in order to be able to fasten all protection configurations occurring on the outer skin of a vehicle, which leads to logistical problems and increased costs.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for fastening ballistic protective elements with the features of the preamble of claim 1 so that the weakening of the ballistic protection is minimized at the attachment points and can be used as screws for fastening the protective elements conventional screws.

The solution of this object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the device according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.

A basic idea of the invention is to design fastening screw and thrust washer as separate parts, so that on the one hand it is possible to manufacture the thrust washer of a ballistically effective material, for example of armored steel, and on the other hand no special screws with an oversized screw head have to be used, but conventional ones Fixing screws can be used. In this case, the thrust washer with respect to material and dimensions can be designed so that it is able to eliminate the underlying, ballistic vulnerability. It also results in the advantage that the device has a great deal of flexibility in terms of the screws used, because the usable for logistical and economic reasons screw lengths are commercially available.

In the embodiment of the fastening device according to the invention, the thrust washer in the center instead of a simple through hole for the fastening screw has a cone-shaped bore with, for example, a cone angle of 90 °. In this case, the screw may be formed as a countersunk screw, wherein the cone angle of the screw head is adapted to the cone angle of the through hole and the screw head can be dimensioned in its dimensions so that in the screwed state its end face is substantially flush with the surface of the pressure plate and thus a smooth as possible view of the screw results to achieve a minimum radar signature.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if an annular element made of a plastically deformable material is arranged between the cone of the screw head and the cone of the through hole of the thrust washer. As a plastically deformable material can serve a metal, such as aluminum or copper, which is softer than the material of the pressure plate and the material of the screw head, but it can also be used plastic material. This annular element, due to its geometrical design and the properties of the material, is capable of reducing the shock load on the screw head during firing to such an extent that breakage of the screw is prevented. The conical surfaces on the through hole of the thrust washer and / or the screw head may be additionally provided with grooves, e.g. be provided similar to the grooves of a pointed thread, by means of which the shock absorption can be additionally influenced and thus can be tailored to a specific protection configuration.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if between the pressure plate and the Surface of the protective element is a shock-absorbing element, for example made of elastomeric material suitable Shore hardness for damping and maintaining a defined bias is arranged. In this context, it is of particular advantage that the fastening screw, the pressure plate and the shock-absorbing element are designed as separate components, which causes during assembly and disassembly of the fastening screw neither the thrust washer nor the shock-absorbing element rotates, creating a disadvantageous rubbing movement between the thrust washer and the shock-absorbing element is prevented. The shock-absorbing element can be constructed as a disk or annular structure. It can be made of rubber or plastic or even of an elastic metal fabric, a honeycomb or foam structure. Finally, it can also consist of an annular compression body or of a plurality of annular, concentric or spirally arranged compression bodies.

The formation of the through hole of the thrust washer and the screw head with a cone finally has the advantage that in a not exactly perpendicular welded fastener a pendulum motion of the pressure plate can be done at vollflächigem "contact pattern".

According to further advantageous embodiments of the fastening device according to the invention, the thrust washer may have a deviating from the circular outer contour, with an outstanding over the circumference of the section either to cover a lying in the region of the attachment point ballistic vulnerability or for attaching outwardly protruding additional elements such as a holder, a handle, a foot, etc. can serve. The thrust washer can also be integrally integrated in a pressure plate which projects beyond the outer edge of the protective element on at least one side and is provided at this point with at least one additional bore for screw attachment of adjoining the protective element additional parts such as edge protection strips, Rammschutzleisten or very small protective elements, for which a separate attachment by means of welding studs is not possible or worthwhile and which may also consist of a different material.

In the following, embodiments of a fastening device according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer Vorrichtung zur Befestigung von ballistischen Schutzelementen;
• Fig. 2 in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 1 eine Variante der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1;
• Fig. 2 A in gegenüber Fig. 2 vergrößerter Darstellung den Bereich Z aus Fig. 2;
• Fig. 2 B eine Aufsicht auf die Druckscheibe (4') der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2;
• Fig. 3 in einer Schnittdarstellung analog Fig. 1 und 2 eine eine ballistische Schwachstelle abdeckende Ausführungsform der Befestigungsvorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 in einer explodierten, perspektivischen Darstellung die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 3;
• Fig. 5 in einer Schnittdarstellung analog Fig. 1 oder 2 eine Ausführungsform der Befestigungsvorrichtung mit einem an der Druckscheibe befestigten Handgriff;
• Fig. 6 die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 in perspektivischer Darstellung;
• Fig. 7 in einer Schnittdarstellung analog Fig. 1 oder 2 eine Ausführungsform der Befestigungsvorrichtung mit einem an der Druckscheibe befestigten Fußtritt;
• Fig. 8 die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 in perspektivischer Darstellung.
• Fig. 9 ein ballistisches Schutzelement mit vier Befestigungsvorrichtungen, die teilweise zur Halterung von Zusatzelementen dienen;
• Fig. 10 einen vergrößerten Teilschnitt nach der Linie X-X in Fig. 9;
• Fig. 11 einen Schnitt analog Fig. 1 mit einer ersten Variante des schockdämpfenden Elements an der Befestigungsvorrichtung;
• Fig. 12 einen Schnitt analog Fig. 1 mit einer zweiten Variante des schockdämpfenden Elements an der Befestigungsvorrichtung.
• Fig. 13 einen Schnitt analog Fig. 1 mit einer dritten Variante des schockdämpenden Elements an der Befestigungsvorrichtung.

In the drawings show

• Fig. 1 a section through a first embodiment of a device for fastening of ballistic protective elements;
• Fig. 2 in a representation analog Fig. 1 a variant of the embodiment according to Fig. 1 ;
• Fig. 2 A in opposite Fig. 2 enlarged representation of the area Z out Fig. 2 ;
• Fig. 2 B a plan view of the pressure plate (4 ') of the embodiment according to Fig. 2 ;
• Fig. 3 in a sectional view analog Fig. 1 and 2 a ballistic weak point covering embodiment of the fastening device;
• Fig. 4 in an exploded, perspective view of the embodiment according to Fig. 3 ;
• Fig. 5 in a sectional view analog Fig. 1 or 2 an embodiment of the fastening device with a handle attached to the pressure plate handle;
• Fig. 6 the embodiment according to Fig. 5 in perspective view;
• Fig. 7 in a sectional view analog Fig. 1 or 2 an embodiment of the fastening device with an attached to the pressure plate foot pedal;
• Fig. 8 the embodiment according to Fig. 7 in perspective view.
• Fig. 9 a ballistic protective element with four fastening devices, which partially serve to support additional elements;
• Fig. 10 an enlarged partial section along the line XX in Fig. 9 ;
• Fig. 11 a section analog Fig. 1 with a first variant of the shock-absorbing element on the fastening device;
• Fig. 12 a section analog Fig. 1 with a second variant of the shock-absorbing element on the fastening device.
• Fig. 13 a section analog Fig. 1 with a third variant of the shock-absorbing element on the fastening device.

Fig. 1 shows a part of the housing wall 1 of a rest, not shown, provided with a thin-walled housing vehicle, are arranged on the protection against bombardment of protective elements 2.

For this purpose, on the housing wall 1 designed as a "slug" fasteners 3 are arranged, which are connected to the housing wall 1 by a welded connection. The fastening elements 3 have a central bore with an internal thread into which the bolt 5.2 of a screw 5 is screwed. The fastening element 3 is accessible from above by being arranged in a bore 2.1 of the protective element 2, which has a diameter, which is greater by a predetermined amount than the outer diameter of the fastener. 3

How out Fig. 1 can be seen, a thrust washer 4 of predetermined thickness is disposed between the screw head 5.1 of the screw 5 and the top 2.2 of the protective element whose outer diameter is larger by a predetermined amount than the diameter of the bore 2.1 of the protective element 2. The pressure plate 4 consists of a ballistically effective Material, for example, hard armor steel, and has a through hole 4.1 for the passage of the bolt 5.2. Furthermore, the through hole 4.1 is provided with an outwardly opening, conical extension 4.2, and the screw 5 is formed as a countersunk screw, wherein the cone angle of the screw head 5.1 is adapted to the cone angle of the through hole 4.1. In the illustrated embodiment, the cone angle is 90 ° in each case. How out Fig. 1 can be seen under these circumstances, the depth of the cone 4.2 of the through hole 4.1 and the thickness of the screw head 5.1 are adapted to each other so that in the screwed state of the screw 5, the face 5.3 of the screw head 5.1 is substantially flush with the surface 4.3 of the thrust washer 4. As can further be seen, in the illustrated embodiment, the screw head 5.1 is provided with a hexagon socket 5.4 for attaching a corresponding tool.

Between the cone of the screw head 5.1 and the cone 4.2 of the through hole 4.1 is an annular member 7 made of a plastically deformable material, such as aluminum, copper, plastic, etc., arranged. Between the thrust washer 4 and the surface 2.2 of the protective element 2, a shock-absorbing disc 6 is arranged made of elastomeric material.

The Fig. 2, 2 A and 2 B show a variant of the embodiment described above Fig. 1 , Corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the thrust washer 4 'is provided in the cone 4.2' of its through hole with concentric grooves 7 ', which make it possible to tune the attenuation targeted to a particular protection configuration. The grooves can also run helically, and they can also be arranged on the conical surface of the screw head 5.1 instead of on the conical surface 4.2 '. In the other features, the embodiment is according to Fig. 2, 2 A and 2 B as well as the embodiment according to Fig. 1 ,

The Fig. 3 and 4 show a further variant of the fastening device according to the Fig. 1 and 2 , In this embodiment, in turn, corresponding components with the same reference numerals as in the Fig. 1 and 2 designated. The thrust washer 4 "used here has an outer contour deviating from the circular shape with a section 4.4" protruding beyond the circumference of the circumference. This section serves to cover a ballistic weak point, which is formed by an opening 2.3 'in the protective element 2', which is aligned with an opening 1.1 'in the housing wall 1' and through which an outside cable 9 is led into the interior of the vehicle , To guide the cable 9 at the top of the protective element 2 'is an additional guide plate 8 with a opening 2.3' releasing recess 8.1 '. By section 4.4 "of the pressure plate 4", the recess 8.1 and the openings 2.3 'and 1.1' are covered.

The Fig. 5 to 8 show that the thrust washer can be used in addition to the attachment of externally arranged on the vehicle additional elements.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 5 and 6 is on the pressure plate 4 "', which has a circular shape projecting portion 4.4'", a handle 10 by means of a screw 10.1 attached.

In the embodiment of the Fig. 7 and 8th is attached to the pressure plate 4 "" a foot 11 by means of a welded joint 11.1.

The Fig. 9 and 10 show another way to use the thrust washer in addition to the attachment of additional elements. In this case, the parts of the fastening device, which correspond exactly to the preceding embodiments, will not be explained again in detail. On the housing wall 1, a protective element 12 is arranged and fixed on this with four fastening devices, which in Figure 9 are characterized by the pressure plates 14.1 to 14.4 and the screws 15.1 to 15.4.

The fastening device with the pressure disk 14.1 and the screw 15.1 corresponds to the example in Fig. 1 illustrated fastening device. In the other fastening devices, the pressure disk is integrally integrated in each case in a pressure plate 14.2, 14.3 and 14.4. The pressure plate 14.2 projects beyond the protective element 12 at the in Fig. 9 right outer edge and is provided at this point with two holes for screw fasteners 18.1 and 18.2. By means of this Schraubbefestigungen an edge protection strip 17 is attached to this outer edge of the protective element 12.

In an analogous manner, the pressure plate 14.3 projects beyond the protective element 12 at the in Fig. 9 lower outer edge and is at this point with holes provided for screw fasteners 18.3 and 18.4, which serve to attach a Rammschutzleiste 19 on the protective element 12.

It is at these locations with holes for receiving screw 18.5 and 18.6 or 18.7 and 18.8 for further attachment of the edge protection strip 17 and the Rammschutzleiste 19 provided.

The Fig. 11 to 13 show further possibilities of arranging a shock-absorbing element between the thrust washer and the surface of the protective element. In the Fig. 11 to 13 are the parts which exactly according to the embodiment Fig. 1 correspond with the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 11 is the shock-absorbing disc 6 gem. Fig. 1 replaced by an annular damping element 6 ', which may for example be designed as Ganzmetallkisssen.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 12 is the shock-absorbing Disc 6 acc. Fig. 1 replaced by an annular damping element 6 ", which is formed as a compression body Fig. 13 If the compression body 6 '"consists of several concentric rings, it can also be designed as a spiral, and an annular metal honeycomb structure can also be used at this point.

Claims (16)

1. Device for fastening ballistic protection elements to articles that are to be protected against the effects of weapons, in particular to housings of armoured vehicles, with which on a housing wall (1) disposed on the article fastening elements (3) are disposed, which are provided with an externally accessible internal thread, into which in each case a screw (5) that may be passed through a bore (2.1) of the protection element (2) may be screwed to fasten the protection element, wherein the bore (2.1) of the protection element (2) has a diameter that is larger by a defined amount than the outside diameter of the fastening element (3), and between the screw head (5.1) and the upper side (2.2) of the protection element (2) a thrust washer (4) of a defined thickness is disposed, the outside diameter of which is larger by a defined amount than the diameter of the bore (2.1) of the protection element (2) and which has a through-bore (4.1) for the screw bolt (5.2), wherein the through-bore (4.1) of the thrust washer (4) in a sub-portion of its length adjoining its outer end is provided with an outwardly opening, conical widening (4.2), and the screw (5) takes the form of a countersunk head screw, wherein the cone angle of the through-bore (4.1) is adapted to the cone angle of the screw head (5.1), characterized in that the fastening elements (3) are connected to the housing wall (1) by a weld joint and the thrust washer (4) is made of a ballistically effective material and that between the cone of the screw head (5.1) and the cone of the through-bore (4.1) of the thrust washer (4) an annular element (7) made of a plastically deformable material and/or between the thrust washer (4) and the surface (2.2) of the protection element (2) a shock-damping element (6, 6', 6", 6'") is disposed.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the cone (4.2) of the through-bore (4.1) of the thrust washer (4) and the thickness of the screw head (5.1) are adapted in such a way to one another that, in the screwed-in state of the screw, the end face (5.3) of the screw head (5.1) is substantially flush with the surface (4.2) of the thrust washer (4).
3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the screw head (5.1) is provided with an internal profile (5.4) for applying a tool.
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as a plastically deformable material use is made of a metal that is softer than the material of the thrust washer (4) and the material of the screw head (5.1).
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as a plastically deformable material a plastics material is used.
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shock-damping element (6) between the thrust washer (4) and the surface (2.2) of the protection element (2) is made of rubber or plastics material.
7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shock-damping element (6') between the thrust washer (4) and the surface (2.2) of the protection element takes the form of an all-metal cushion.
8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as a shock-damping element between the thrust washer (4) and the surface (2.2) of the protection element (2) an annular damping element (6") is used, which takes the form of an upset body.
9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the upset body (6'") comprises a plurality of concentric rings.
10. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the upset body takes the form of a spiral.
11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shock-damping element between the thrust washer and the surface of the protection element takes the form of a honeycomb structure or foamed material structure.
12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the conical surface (4.2) of the through-bore (4.1) of the thrust washer (4) and/or the conical surface of the screw head (5.1) is provided with grooves, which extend concentrically or in the shape of a screw thread.
13. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the thrust washer (4") has an external contour departing from the circular shape, wherein a portion (4.4") that projects beyond the circumference is used to cover a ballistic weak point situated in the region of the fastening point.
14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the ballistic weak point is an opening (2.3') in the protection element (2').
15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an outwardly projecting auxiliary element (10, 11) is fastened to the thrust washer (4' ", 4"").
16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the thrust washer is integrally integrated into a pressure plate (14.2, 14.3, 14.4), which at at least one side projects beyond the outer edge of the protection element (12) and is provided at said point with at least one additional bore for the screw fastening of auxiliary parts (17, 19) adjoining the protection element.

Images