EP1677324A2 - Manufactoring process of an opening switch for doors or trunk of vehicles, and switch produced by this process - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves low pressure molding a polymer e.g. polyamide, on a microswitch (6) to obtain an intermediate body (12). Another polymer is molded on an assembly formed by the intermediate body, an end of an electrical cable (9) and a connection unit (10) using a high pressure injection machine for forming a cover (11). The cover is joined with the intermediate body for forming a lid. An independent claim is also included for a switch presenting a carcase.

Description

The present invention refers to an aperture manufacturing method for doors or doors of vehicle trunks, which can operate equally efficiently on the side doors or other areas of the vehicle.

The invention also refers to a switch obtained by this method, this switch being of manual type to cause the opening of the door lock, after unlocking the lock through the corresponding closure; or remote-type activated with the remote control of opening of the vehicle or system "hands free" recognition of the owner of the vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Switches that apply to the rear and side doors of vehicles are known; with their carcass closed inferiorly by a flexible membrane, made of special elastomeric material, and closed above by a lid. When the user presses with the fingers on the flexible membrane it causes the opening of the lock of the lock.

Inside the casing is a lever for operating a microswitch. This lever is movable in two positions, a first open position, in which it is separated from said microswitch, and a second closed position, in which it is in contact with said microswitch when the user presses the flexible membrane and it returns to its initial position of rest when the pressure ceases, thanks to elastic means of return.

The carcass is provided with coupling means with the cover and mounting means on the frame of a side door or a door rear of vehicle.

The switch may also have a perimeter seal mounted between the cover and the carcass. This structural configuration is adequate when it is necessary to seal the switch against water or moisture from the inside of the vehicle or the hubcap of the switch.

The plastic material cover is over-molded on the microswitch using a conventional plastic injection machine. According to this method of over-molding the lid, two types of switches are known, depending on the union of the microswitch with the electrical connection elements.

One type of switch has the microswitch connected to the electrical wiring through a connection element, so that this connection element traps the end of the cable on one side and the other on the other side. metal legs of the own microswitch. In this case, the cover is overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch, the end of the wiring and the connection element.

Other types of switches have the microswitch connected to metal terminals, so that the tabs of the microswitch are firmly soldered to these terminals. The terminals perform the macho connector function, and can be coupled to a suitable female connector. In this other case, the cover is overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch and the terminals welded thereto.

In both types of switches, the overmolding process of the lid is carried out in a single step of over-injection at high pressure.

• Un important pourcentage d'interrupteurs doit être refusé par rupture. En raison de la pression élevée du processus de sur-injection, le flux de polymère injecté fracture la pâte de soudure déposée entre les pattes du micro-rupteur et les terminaux, la connexion électrique se perdant par conséquent. En outre, le micro-rupteur se rompt fréquemment au milieu. Pour obtenir une sur-injection correcte des partie de plastique, des paramètres tels que la pression, la température et le dosage devront donc être compensés en fonction de niveaux proches d'un niveau nuisible pour l'interrupteur.
• Un important pourcentage d'interrupteurs souffre une chute de tension élevée. En raison de la haute pression de la sur-injection, les connexions entre les pattes du micro-rupteur et les terminaux s'endommagent à un certain niveau qui permet le passage du courant électrique mais avec une chute de tension élevée.
• Un important pourcentage de ce type d'interrupteurs ne fonctionnent pas en raison d'un écrasement ou d'une distorsion du micro-rupteur résultant de la fermeture du moule pendant le processus de sur-injection. Ceci arrive lorsque l'ensemble formé par le micro-rupteur, le câblage et l'élément de connexion, ou bien l'ensemble formé par le micro-rupteur et les terminaux soudés à celui-ci, ne se trouve pas placé dans sa position correcte au sein du moule, restant donc prisonniers incorrectement entre les principales parties du moule. Par conséquent, les interrupteurs perdent leur étanchéité à l'eau, leur correct dimensionnement et leur bon fonctionnement.

Therefore, this type of previously described switches include a series of disadvantages described as follows:

• A large percentage of switches must be rejected by breaking. Due to the high pressure of the over-injection process, the flow of Injected polymer fractures the solder paste deposited between the microswitch lugs and the terminals, and the electrical connection is lost. In addition, the microswitch breaks frequently in the middle. To obtain a correct over-injection of the plastic parts, parameters such as pressure, temperature and dosage will therefore have to be compensated according to levels close to a level harmful to the switch.
• A large percentage of switches suffer a high voltage drop. Due to the high pressure of the over-injection, the connections between the microswitch lugs and the terminals are damaged at a certain level which allows the passage of electric current but with a high voltage drop.
• A large percentage of this type of switch does not operate due to crushing or distortion of the microswitch resulting from the closing of the mold during the over-injection process. This happens when the assembly formed by the microswitch, the wiring and the connection element, or the assembly formed by the microswitch and the terminals welded thereto, is not placed in its position. correct within the mold, thus remaining improperly trapped between the main parts of the mold. As a result, the switches lose their watertightness, their correct sizing and their proper functioning.

In view of all these mentioned problems, there are large numbers of parts per million refused as defective parts, which causes significant economic and quality problems, with the additional danger that each defective part is accidentally sent to vehicle manufacturers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the method of manufacturing a switch for doors or doors of vehicle boxes, and the switch obtained by the method of the The present invention is to solve the disadvantages presented by the switches known in the art, by proposing a method ensuring the quality and reliability of the switches.

• a) Surmouler à basse pression un polymère sur le micro-rupteur, en obtenant ainsi un corps intermédiaire ;
• b) Surmouler un polymère sur l'ensemble formé par le corps intermédiaire obtenu dans l'étape a), l'extrémité du câblage et l'élément de connexion, au moyen d'une machine d'injection à haute pression conventionnelle, laquelle joint avec ledit corps intermédiaire conforment le couvercle.

The present invention refers to a method of manufacturing a switch for doors or doors of vehicle trunks, of the type which comprises means for actuating a microswitch provided with metal tabs, said microswitch being united to electrical wiring through a connection element, and an over-molded cover on the assembly formed by the microswitch, the end of the wiring and the connection element, and is characterized by the fact of understand the following steps:

• a) Over-molding at a low pressure a polymer on the microswitch, thereby obtaining an intermediate body;
• b) overmolding a polymer on the assembly formed by the intermediate body obtained in step a), the end of the wiring and the connecting element, by means of a conventional high-pressure injection machine, which joint with said intermediate body conform the lid.

The overmolding of step a) will preferably be carried out by a low pressure molding machine, using a high molecular weight, low viscosity polymer, such as a polyamide.

The overmoulding of step a) will optionally be performed with a conventional high pressure injection machine, using a very low pressure, low viscosity and low melting point polymer, such as polystyrene or polypropylene.

According to one embodiment of the invention, in which the microswitch tabs are short and emerge from its sides, the method is characterized in that prior to step a) the tabs are welded to the connection element and the end of the wiring clips to this connection element.

According to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the legs of the microswitch are short and emerge from the sides, the method is characterized by the fact that that before step a) the microswitch tabs and the end of the wiring are respectively stapled to the connection element.

In both embodiments, the overmoulding of step a) is performed on the assembly formed by the microswitch and the connection element.

According to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the legs of the microswitch are large and emerge from its upper part, and are placed in the use position, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the microphone actuating means switch, the method is characterized in that before step a) the tabs of the microswitch and the end of the wiring are respectively stapled to the connection element.

In this case, the overmoulding of step a) will be performed leaving the ends of the microswitch lugs free. In addition, after step a) the folding of the tabs will be performed at approximately 90 °, these and the connection element being thus housed in a cavity formed in the intermediate body, in order to protect the connection of the energy flow. of the high-pressure over-injection of the second stage.

In any of the previous embodiments, the high-pressure overmolding of step b) is performed leaving the wiring and the operating zone of the microswitch free.

• a) Surmouler à basse pression un polymère sur le micro-rupteur, en obtenant un corps intermédiaire ;
• b) Surmouler un polymère sur l'ensemble formé par le corps intermédiaire obtenu dans l'étape a), à l'aide d'une machine d'injection à haute pression conventionnelle, en obtenant une couverture, laquelle avec ledit corps intermédiaire forment l'étape.

The present invention also refers to an opening switch for doors or doors of vehicle boxes, of the type which comprises means for actuating a microswitch provided with metal tabs, said switch being connected to electrical terminals at the through a connection element, these terminals being integrated in this connection element, and a cover overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch, the terminals, and the connection element, and is characterized by the fact that it includes the following steps:

• a) Over-molding a polymer at low pressure on the microswitch, in obtaining an intermediate body;
• b) overmolding a polymer on the assembly formed by the intermediate body obtained in step a), using a conventional high pressure injection machine, obtaining a cover, which with said intermediate body form 'step.

The overmolding of step a) will preferably be carried out using a low pressure molding machine, using a high molecular weight, low viscosity polymer, such as a polyamide.

The overmolding of step a) will be done optionally using a conventional high-pressure injection machine, using a very low-voltage polymer, low viscosity and low melting temperature, such as polystyrene or polypropylene.

According to one embodiment of the invention, where the legs of the microswitch are short and emerge from its sides, the method is characterized by the fact that before step a) the tabs are soldered to the connection element .

According to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the legs of the microswitch are short and emerge from its sides, the method is characterized by the fact that before step a) the tabs are stapled to the element connection.

In both embodiments, the overmolding of step a) is carried out on the assembly formed by the microswitch and the connection element.

According to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the tabs of the microswitch are long and emerge from its upper part, arranged in the use position, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the actuating means of the micro-switch , the method is characterized in that before step a) the tabs are stapled to the connection element.

In this case, the overmoulding of step a) is carried out leaving the ends of the microswitch lugs free. In addition, after step a), the folding of the legs will be at about 90 °, the legs and the connection element remaining housed in a cavity formed in the intermediate body, to protect the connection of the energy flow of the high-pressure over-injection of the second step.

According to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the legs of the microswitch are long and emerge from its upper part, arranged in the use position, in a direction substantially parallel to the movement of the actuating means of the micro-switch , the method is characterized in that before step a) the tabs are stapled to the connection element.

In this case, the overmoulding of step a) will be performed leaving the ends of the microswitch lugs free.

In any of the previous embodiments, the high-pressure overmolding of step b) will be performed leaving the ends of the terminals and the operating zone of the microswitch free.

Furthermore, the ends of the terminals that assume the function of male connector are likely to mate with a suitable female connector.

In this way, any of the methods of the invention described above will make it possible to obtain a switch whose lid will be overmolded in two steps:

The first molding step is preferably performed using a special injection machine, based on a technology called "low pressure molding", thus obtaining an intermediate body molded at low pressure on the assembly formed by the microswitch. The fact of being a low-pressure molding makes it possible to avoid damage to the microswitch during said process.

The second molding step will be performed using a conventional plastic injection machine, so as to obtain an over-injected coverage on the intermediate body cited obtained beforehand by the low-voltage overmoulding and the electrical connection means (either the wiring with the connection element or with the terminals welded to the microswitch lugs).

Consequently, the high-pressure over-injection step is no longer carried out directly on the assembly formed by the microswitch and the electrical connection means as was the conventional method, but it is performed on the intermediate body obtained. thanks to low pressure molding.

Thanks to any of the two methods of the invention, the quality and reliability of the microswitches are fully guaranteed, since comparing it with the conventional method, no faulty part occurs because the electrical problems are proven resolved, as well as the mechanical or potential water tightness problems that conventional switches presented.

In the same way, the low pressure molding technology allows a better level of automation of the manufacturing process since there is a simpler handling of the components and therefore, the cost of each switch is lower than that of the conventional switches. .

By any of the two processes described, the intermediate body obtained is perfectly waterproof. On the other hand, the wiring of the switch described in the first method can have an adjusted cable-pass coupled to the chassis of the vehicle to prevent the entry of water or moisture at the end of the connector of the switch.

According to another aspect, the invention also refers to a switch obtained by any of the two methods described above, which comprises a housing housing the microswitch and the means of its actuation, closed on one side with the lid, and the other with a flexible membrane on which a user presses for cause the opening of said switch.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un micro-rupteur avec pattes courtes uni par soudure à un élément à basse pression, s'après une première réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en perspective du micro-rupteur avec pattes courtes uni par agrafage à l'élément de connexion, avant le surmoulage à basse pression d'après la première réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 3 est une section transversale de l'interrupteur monté s'après la première réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 4 est une vue en élévation d'un micro-rupteur avec pattes longues, avant l'union à l'élément de connexion, d'après une seconde réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 5 est une section transversale du micro-rupteur uni à l'élément de connexion et plié à 90° après le surmoulage à basse pression, d'après la seconde réalisation ;
• la figure 6 est une section transversale de l'interrupteur monté d'après la seconde réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un miro-rupteur avec pattes courtes uni par soudure à un élément de connexion, avant le surmoulage à basse pression, d'après une troisième réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 8 est une vue en perspective du micro-rupteur avec pattes courtes uni par agrafage à l'élément de connexion, avant le surmoulage à basse pression, d'après la troisième réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 9 est une section transversale de l'interrupteur monté d'après la troisième réalisation de l'invention ;
• la figure 10 est une vue en levée d'un micro-rupteur avec pattes longues, uni par agrafage à l'élément de connexion et pliage à 90° après le surmoulage à basse pression, d'après la quatrième réalisation ;
• la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'une patte unie à l'élément de connexion par agrafage, d'après la quatrième réalisation ;
• la figure 12 est une section transversale de l'interrupteur monté, d'après la quatrième réalisation de l'invention ; et
• la figure 13 est une section transversale de l'interrupteur monté d'après une cinquième réalisation de l'invention.

In order to facilitate the foregoing description, drawings are attached wherein, schematically, and only by way of nonlimiting example, various embodiments of opening switches for doors or doors of vehicle trunks of the invention are represented as a function of their respective processes, where:

• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a microswitch with short legs united by welding to a low pressure element, after a first embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of the microswitch with short legs united by stapling to the connection element, before the low-pressure overmoulding according to the first embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 3 is a cross section of the switch mounted after the first embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 4 is an elevational view of a microswitch with long legs, prior to joining to the connection member, according to a second embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 5 is a cross-section of the microswitch joined to the connection member and bent at 90 ° after the low-pressure overmolding, according to the second embodiment;
• Figure 6 is a cross section of the switch mounted according to the second embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 7 is a perspective view of a switch with short legs united by welding to a connection element, before the low-pressure overmoulding, according to a third embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 8 is a perspective view of the microswitch with short legs united by stapling to the connection element, before the low-pressure overmoulding, according to the third embodiment of the invention;
• Figure 9 is a cross section of the switch mounted according to the third embodiment of the invention;
• Fig. 10 is a raised view of a microswitch with long legs, stitched to the connection member and folded at 90 ° after the low-pressure overmolding, according to the fourth embodiment;
• Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a tab joined to the staple connection member, according to the fourth embodiment;
• Figure 12 is a cross section of the mounted switch, according to the fourth embodiment of the invention; and
• Figure 13 is a cross section of the switch mounted according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED ACCOMPLISHMENTS

A first embodiment of the switch 1 for doors or doors of vehicle trunks of the invention is shown in Figures 1 to 3.

The opening switch 1, has a carcass 2 closed lower by a flexible membrane 3, and closed upperly by a cover 4. Between the carcass 2 and the cover 4 a seal can be placed (not shown). Inside the carcass 2 is a lever 5 for actuating a microswitch 6. This lever 5 is movable to two positions, a first open position, separated from the microswitch 6, and a second closed position (shown in discontinuous line) where it is in contact with the microswitch 6. It also has elastic return means 7 of the lever 5 of this second position to the first.

When a user pushes on the flexible membrane 3 it causes the movement of the lever 5, which in turn activates the microswitch 6 by closing the circuit of the switch, which allows the opening of the door or door from the trunk of the vehicle.

Once the user stops exerting pressure, the elastic return means 7 move the lever 5 to their initial position.

The microswitch 6 is connected to an electrical wiring 9 through a connection element 10.

• a) Surmouler un polymère sur le micro-rupteur 6, avec une machine à moulage à basse pression, obtenant ainsi un corps intermédiaire 12;
• b) Surmouler un polymère sur l'ensemble formé par le corps intermédiaire 12 obtenu dans l'étape a), l'extrémité du câblage 9 et l'élément de connexion 10, avec une machine d'injection à haute pression conventionnelle, obtenant ainsi une couverture 11, laquelle, avec ledit corps intermédiaire 12 forment le couvercle 4.

The cover 4 is overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch 6, the end of the wiring 9 and the connection element 10, in two molding steps to obtain a first intermediate body 12 and a cover, such as the explain the following steps:

• a) overmoulding a polymer on micro-switch 6, with a low-pressure molding machine, thus obtaining an intermediate body 12;
• b) Over-molding a polymer on the assembly formed by the intermediate body 12 obtained in step a), the end of the wiring 9 and the connection element 10, with a conventional high-pressure injection machine, thereby obtaining a cover 11, which together with said intermediate body 12 form the cover 4.

In this first embodiment, the microswitch 6 is provided with four short legs 8 of connection, which emerge from the sides of the own microswitch. Next, we describe the two variants of the type of union of microswitch 6 to connection element 10 before executing the low-pressure overmolding of step a).

In a first variant (see FIG. 1), the tabs 8 are welded to the connection element 10 and the end of the wiring 9 is stapled to this connection element 10.

In a second variant (see FIG. 2), before step a), the tabs 8 and the end of the wiring 9 are respectively stapled to the connection element 10.

In both variants, the low-pressure overmoulding of step a) is performed on the assembly formed by the microswitch 6 and the connection element 10.

A second embodiment of the switch 1a of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.

The switch 1a presents the elements according to the references 2,3,4,5,7 and 9 of the first embodiment, and is manufactured according to the same method described in the first embodiment, thus obtaining an intermediate body 12a and a cover 11a.

The difference lies in the fact that the tabs 8a of the microswitch 6a are long and emerge from its upper part (see FIG. 4), arranged, in a position of use in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the actuating means 5, 7 of the microswitch 6a. in this case, the tabs 8a of the microswitch 6a and the end of the wiring 9 are respectively stapled to the connection element 10a (see Figure 5).

The low-pressure overmoulding of step a) of the process is carried out leaving the ends of the lugs 8a of the microswitch 6a free. Also, after step a), the folding of the tabs 8 ^a is carried out at about 90 °, as shown in dashed line in Figure 5, the tabs 8a and the connecting member 10a being accommodated in a cavity formed in the intermediate body 12a.

In the first embodiment of the invention as in the second embodiment, the high-pressure overmoulding of step b) is carried out leaving the wiring 9 and the coupling zone of the microswitch 6a free. similarly, in this case, the low pressure molded polymer is a high molecular weight, low viscosity polyamide, although other polymers of similar characteristics can be applied.

A third embodiment of the switch 1b of the invention is shown in FIGS. 7 to 9.

The switch 1b has the same elements by following the references 2 to 7 of the first embodiment.

The difference lies in the fact that the microswitch 6 is connected to electrical terminals 13 through a connection element 14, these terminals 13 being integrated in the connection element cited 14.

• a) Surmouler un polymère sur le micro-rupteur 6 fixé à l'élément de connexion 14, avec une machine de moulage à basse pression, obtenant ainsi un corps intermédiaire 12b;
• b) Surmouler un polymère su l'ensemble formé par le corps intermédiaire 12b obtenu dans l'étape a), avec une machine d'injection à haute pression conventionnelle, obtenant ainsi une couverture 11 b, laquelle jointe avec le corps intermédiaire cité 12b forme le couvercle 4.

The cover 4 is overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch 6, the terminals 13, and the connection element 14, as explained by the following steps:

• a) overmoulding a polymer on the microswitch 6 fixed to the connection element 14, with a low-pressure molding machine, thus obtaining an intermediate body 12b;
• b) Overmoulding a polymer su the assembly formed by the intermediate body 12b obtained in step a), with a conventional high pressure injection machine, thus obtaining a cover 11b, which joined with the intermediate body cited 12b form the lid 4.

In this third embodiment, the microswitch 6 is provided with four short legs 8 of connection, which emerge from its sides. We next describe two variants of the type of union of microswitch 6 to the connection element 14 before carrying out the low-pressure overmoulding of step a).

In a first variant (see FIG. 7), the tabs 8 are welded to the connection element 14.

In a second variant (see FIG. 8), the tabs 8 are stapled to the connection element 14.

In both variants, the low-pressure overmoulding of step a) is carried out on the assembly formed by the microswitch 6 and the connection element 14.

A fourth embodiment of the switch 1c of the invention is shown in FIGS. 10 to 12.

The switch 1c comprises the same elements according to the references 2,3,4,5,7 and 13 of the third embodiment, and is manufactured according to the same method described in the third embodiment, thus obtaining a body intermediate 12c and cover 11c.

The difference lies in the fact that the tabs 8a of the microswitch 6a are long and emerge from its upper part (see FIG. 10), arranged, in the position of use, in a direction substantially perpendicular to the movement of the actuating means 5 , 7 of the microswitch 6a. In this case, the tabs 8a are stapled to the connection element 14a (see FIG. 11).

In this fourth embodiment, the low-pressure overmoulding of step a) is carried out leaving the ends of the tabs 8a of the microswitch 6a free. furthermore, after step a) folding of the mentioned tabs 8a is performed at about 90 °, as shown in Figure 10 in broken line, the mentioned tabs 8a and the connecting member 14a being housed in a formed cavity in the intermediate body 12c.

A fifth embodiment of the switch 1d of the invention is shown in FIG.

The switch 1d has the same elements with the references 2,3,4,5,7,6a, 8a, 13 and 14a of the fourth embodiment, and is manufactured according to the same method described in the third and fourth embodiments. , thus obtaining an intermediate body 12d and a cover 11d.

The difference lies in the fact that the tabs 8a of the microswitch 6a are placed, in the use position, in a direction substantially parallel to the movement of the actuating means 5, 7 of the microswitch 6a.

In this fifth embodiment, the tabs 8a are also stapled to the connection element 14a. The low-pressure overmolding of step a) is also carried out leaving the ends of the lugs 8a of the microswitch 6a free.

In the third, fourth and fifth embodiments of the invention, the high-pressure overmolding of step b) is performed leaving the ends of the terminals 13 and the operating zone of the microswitch 6a free. The ends of the terminals 13 which assume the function of macho connector likely to mate on a suitable female connector. Similarly, in this case, the low pressure molded polymer is a high weight, low viscosity polyamide, although other polymers of similar characteristics can be applied.

Claims (24)

A method of manufacturing an opening switch (1,1a) for doors or rear doors of vehicles, of the type having means for actuating (5,7) a microswitch (6,6a) provided with metal tabs (8,8a), the micro-switch cited (6,6a) being united to an electric cable (9) through a connection element (10,10a), and a cover (4) overmolded on the assembly formed by the mirror-switch (6, 6a), the end of the wiring (9) and the connection element (10, 10a), characterized in that it has the following steps: a) molding at low pressure a polymer on the microswitch (6,6a), thereby obtaining an intermediate body (12,12a); b) Over-molding a polymer on the assembly formed by the intermediate body (12, 12a) obtained in step a), the end of the wiring (9) and the connecting element (10, 10a), to the using a conventional high pressure injection machine, thereby obtaining a cover (11.11 a), which joined with the intermediate body cited (12, 12a) form the cover (4). Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the overmoulding of step a) is carried out by a low-pressure molding machine, using a high molecular weight polymer of low viscosity. Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is carried out by a conventional high-pressure injection machine, using a polymer with a very low pressure, low viscosity and a low temperature. fusion. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tabs (8) of the microswitch (6) are short and emerge from its sides, characterized in that before step a) the legs are welded (8) to the connecting member (10) and staple at the end of the wiring (9) to the cited connecting member (10). Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tabs (8) of the microswitch (6) are short and emerge from its sides, characterized in that before step a), the tabs (8) of the microswitch (6) and the end of the wiring (9) are respectively stapled to the connection element (10). Method according to any one of Claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is performed on the assembly formed by the microswitch (6) and the connection element ( 10). A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tabs 8a) of the microswitch (6a) are long and emerge from its upper portion, and are placed, in use position, in a substantially perpendicular to the movement of the actuating means (5,7) of the micro-switch (6a), characterized in that after step a) the tabs 8a) of the microswitch (6a) and the end of the wiring (9) are respectively stapled to the connection element (10a). Process according to Claim 7, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is carried out leaving the ends of the tabs (8a) of the microswitch (6a) free. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that after step a), the folding of the tabs (8a) is performed at approximately 90 °, the mentioned tabs (8a) and the connecting element (10a ) being housed in a cavity formed in the intermediate body (12a). Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the high-pressure overmolding of step b) is carried out leaving the cabling (9) and the operating zone of the microswitch free. switch (6a). A method of manufacturing an opening switch (1b, 1c, 1d) for doors or doors of vehicle boxes, of the type which has means (5, 7) for actuating a microswitch (6, 6a) provided with metal tabs (8,8a), the mentioned microswitch (6,6a) being connected to electrical terminals (13) by a connection element (14,14a), the mentioned terminals (13) being integrated to the connection element cited (14, 14a), and a cover (4) overmolded on the assembly formed by the microswitch (6, 6a), the terminals (13), and the connection element (14). , 14a), characterized in that it has the following steps: a) Over-molding at low pressure a polymer on the microswitch (6,6a), thus obtaining an intermediate body (12b, 12c, 12d); b) overmolding a polymer on the assembly formed by the intermediate body (12b, 12c, 12d) obtained in step a), using a conventional high-pressure injection machine, thus obtaining a cover ( 11b, 11c, 11d), which, together with the mentioned intermediate body (12b, 12c, 12d) forms the cover (4). Process according to claim 11, characterized in that the overmoulding of step a) is carried out by a low pressure molding machine using a high molecular weight, low viscosity polymer. Process according to Claim 11, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is carried out by a conventional high-pressure injection machine, using a polymer with very low pressure, low viscosity and low fusion. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the tabs (8) of the microswitch (6) are short and emerge from its sides, characterized in that before step a) the legs are welded (8) to the connection element (14). Method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the tabs (8) of the microswitch (6) are short and emerge from its sides, characterized in that before step a) the legs staple (8) to the connection element (14). Method according to any one of Claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is performed on the assembly formed by the microswitch (6) and the connection element (14). Method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the tabs (8a) of the microswitch (6a) are long and emerge from their upper part, placed in the use position in a substantially perpendicular direction to the movement of the actuating means (5, 7) of the micro-switch (6a), characterized in that after step a), the tabs (8a) staple to the connection element (14a). Process according to Claim 17, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is carried out leaving the ends of the tabs (8a) of the microswitch (6a) free. Method according to claim 18, characterized in that after step a) the folding of said tabs is carried out (8a) at about 90 °, said tabs (8a) and the connecting element ( 14a) being housed in a cavity formed in the intermediate body (12c). A method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the tabs (8a) of the microswitch (6a) are long and emerge from the top thereof, placed in the use position in a substantially parallel direction the movement of the actuating means (5, 7) of the microswitch (6a), characterized in that after step a) the tabs (8a) are stapled to the connection element (14a). Process according to claim 20, characterized in that the overmolding of step a) is carried out leaving the ends of the tabs (8a) of the microswitch (6a) free. Process according to any one of Claims 11 to 21, characterized in that the high-pressure overmoulding of step b) will be carried out leaving the ends of the terminals (13) and the operating zone of the microswitch (6a). Method according to any one of claims 11 to 22, characterized in that the ends of the terminals (13) which assume the function of the male connector are capable of coupling to a suitable female connector. Switch according to any one of Claims 1 to 23, characterized by the fact of having a carcass (2) which houses the microswitch (6, 6a) and its actuating means (5, 7) closed off. one side by the cover (4), and the other by a flexible membrane (3) on which a user presses to cause the opening of the mentioned switch (1,1a, 1b, 1c, 1d).

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