EP1673966A1 - Procede permettant d'obtenir des etats stables pour un plasma dense a haute temperature - Google Patents

Procede permettant d'obtenir des etats stables pour un plasma dense a haute temperature

Info

Publication number
EP1673966A1
EP1673966A1 EP05749491A EP05749491A EP1673966A1 EP 1673966 A1 EP1673966 A1 EP 1673966A1 EP 05749491 A EP05749491 A EP 05749491A EP 05749491 A EP05749491 A EP 05749491A EP 1673966 A1 EP1673966 A1 EP 1673966A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plasma
gravitational
emission
energy
states
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP05749491A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1673966A4 (fr
Inventor
Stanislav Ivanovich Fissenko
Igor Stanislavovich Fissenko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO RUSTERMOSINTEZ
Original Assignee
ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO RUSTERMOSINTEZ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO RUSTERMOSINTEZ filed Critical ZAKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSCHESTVO RUSTERMOSINTEZ
Publication of EP1673966A1 publication Critical patent/EP1673966A1/fr
Publication of EP1673966A4 publication Critical patent/EP1673966A4/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21B—FUSION REACTORS
    • G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
    • G21B1/05—Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/02—Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/02—Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma
    • H05H1/16—Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma using externally-applied electric and magnetic fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/02—Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma
    • H05H1/22—Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma for injection heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of forming stable states of a dense high- temperature plasma which can be used, for example, for controlled fusion.
  • the existing state of the art related to the realization of stable states of a dense high- temperature plasma applicable for the purposes of nuclear fusion can be defined as a stage of the formation and confinement of a plasma by a magnetic field in devices which make it possible to realize separate techniques of the claimed method but not the method as such, i.e., a method of achieving a stable state of a dense high-temperature plasma.
  • the claimed method has no close analogs.
  • a heavy-current pulsed discharge which is shaped with the aid of a cylindrical discharge chamber (whose end faces function as electrodes) which is filled with a working gas (deuterium, hydrogen, a deuterium-tritium mixture at a pressure of 0.5 tolO mm Hg, or noble gases at a pressure of 0.01 toO.l mm Hg).
  • a working gas deuterium, hydrogen, a deuterium-tritium mixture at a pressure of 0.5 tolO mm Hg, or noble gases at a pressure of 0.01 toO.l mm Hg.
  • Magnetic traps are devices which are capable of confining a high-temperature plasma for a sufficiently long time within a limited volume and which are described in Artsimovich L.A., "Closed Plasma Configurations", Moscow, Atomizdat, 1969.
  • To magnetic traps of closed type on which hopes to realize the conditions of controlled nuclear fusion (CNU) were pinned for a long time
  • Tokamak, Spheromak and Stellarator type in various modifications (Lukyanov S.Yu., "Hot Plasma and CNU", Moscow, Atomizdat, 1975 (in Russian)).
  • a ring current creating a rotary transformation of mag- netic lines of force is excited in the very plasma.
  • Spheromak represents a compact torus with a toroidal magnetic field inside a plasma.
  • Rotary transformation of magnetic lines of force, effected without exciting a toroidal current in plasma, is realized in Stellarators (Volkov E.D. et al., "Stellarator", Moscow, Nauka, 1983 (in Russian)).
  • Open-type magnetic traps with a linear geometry are: a magnetic bottle, an ambipolar trap, a gas-dynamic type trap (Ryutov D.D., "Open traps", Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk, 1988, vol. 154, p. 565).
  • the present invention relates to a method of forming stable states of a dense high-temperature plasma, which comprises the following steps: a) generation of a dense high-temperature plasma from hydrogen and isotopes thereof with the aid of pulsed heavy-current discharges; b) injection of the plasma from the area of a magnetic field with parameters corresponding to the conditions of gravitational emission of electrons with a banded energy spectrum; c) energy transfer along the spectrum.
  • the energy transfer (step c) is performed by cascade transition into the long wavelength region of eV-energy to the state of locking and amplification of the gravitational emission and simultaneous compression to the states of hydrostatic equilibrium, and in the formation of said states in the composition of a working gas multielectron atoms are used for quenching the spontaneous gravitational emission from the ground energy levels of the keV-region electron in the proper gravitational field. It is preferable that in one of the embodiment of the invention for obtaining stable states of a dense high-temperature plasma use is made of hydrogen and multielectron atoms, such as krypton, xenon, and other allied elements (neon, argon).
  • the claimed method provides a scheme for forming stable states of a dense high- temperature plasma, which scheme comprises a device for supplying a working gas, a discharge chamber, a discharge circuit, a chamber for forming a stable plasma bunch. If and when necessary, each of the cited blocks of the scheme can be fitted with appropriate measuring equipment.
  • the invention is illustrated by a circuit diagram of a pulsed heavy-current magnetic- compression discharge on multiply charged ions with conical coaxial electrodes, in which : 1. a fast-acting valve for supplying a working gas into a gap between an internal electrode
  • an external electrode (3) (2) and an external electrode (3); 2. an external electrode; 3. an internal electrode has a narrowing surface close to conical one; 4. a diverter channel which prevents the entrance of admixtures into the compression area; 5. a discharge circuit; 6. an area of compression by a magnetic field; 7. an area of compression due to efflux current in the outgoing plasma jet and subsequent compression by the emitted gravitational field.
  • stable states of a dense high-temperature plasma denotes the states of hydrostatic equilibrium of a plasma, when the gas-dynamic pressure is counterbalanced by the pressure of a magnetic field or, in the present case, by the pressure of the emitted gravitational field.
  • plasma parameters corresponding to gravitational emission of electrons denotes parameters which are in the above-indicated range of pressures and temperatures.
  • locking of avitational emission in plasma denotes the state of gravitational emission in a plasma ,which takes place when its emission frequency and electron Lang- muir frequency are equal.
  • locking of the emission takes place for two reasons: - energy transfer along the spectrum into the long wavelength region as a result of cas- cade transitions into the long wavelength region with attaining emission frequency (10 — 10 ) with plasma Langmuir frequency equal to the electron one, this being the condition of locking gravitational emission in plasma; - quenching spontaneous gravitational emission of electrons from the ground energy levels by multielectron atoms, when the energy of an excited electron is transferred to an ion with corresponding energy levels, leading to its ionization.
  • amplification of gravitational emission denotes amplification which takes place when the gravitational emission is locked, because, with the locking conditions having been fulfilled, the gravitational emission remains in plasma with sequential emission of the total energy of the gravitational field locked in the plasma.
  • Equations (1) through (5) describe the equilibrium states of particles (stationary states) in the proper gravitational field and define the localization region of the field characterized by the constant K that satisfies the equilibrium state. These stationary states are sources of the field with the constant G, and condition (3) provides matching the solution with the gravitational constants K and G.
  • the proposed model in the physical aspect is compatible with the principles of quantum mechanics principles, and the gravitational field with the constants K and A at a certain, quite definite distance specified by the equilibrium state transforms into the filed having the constant G and satisfying, in the weak field limit, the Poisson equation.
  • the set of equations (1) through (5) is of interest for the problem of stationary states, i.e., the problem of energy spectrum calculations for an elementary source in the own gravitational field. In this sense it is reasonable to use an analogy with electrodynamics, in particular, with the problem of electron stationary states in the Coulomb field. Transition from the Schrodinger equation to the Klein-Gordon relativistic equations allows taking into account the fine structure of the electron energy spectrum in the Coulomb field, whereas transition to the Dirac equation allows taking into account the relativistic fine struc ture and the energy level splitting associated with spin-orbital interaction.
  • Equations (6) — ⁇ 8) follow from equations (14) — ( 15) ⁇ v T ⁇ a v -t- W ' 0 (14)
  • Condition (9) defines r sweep- whereas equations (10) through (12) are the boundary conditions and the normalization condition for the function /, respectively.
  • the presented numerical estimates for the electron show that within the range of its localization, with K ⁇ 10 31 N m 2 kg “2 and ⁇ 10 29 m “2 , there exists the spectrum of stationary states in the proper gravitational field.
  • the numerical value of K is, certainly, universal for any elementary source, whereas the value of A is defined by the rest mass of the elementary source.
  • the distance at which the gravitational field with the constant K is localized is less than the Compton wavelength, and for the electron, for example, this value is of the order of its classical radius. At distances larger than this one, the gravitational field is characterized by the constant G, i.e., cor- rect transition to Classical GTR holds.
  • Beta-asymmetry was observed experimentally only in ⁇ -decay of heavy nuclei in magnetic field (for example, 27 C 60 in the known experiment carried out by Wu (Wu Ts.S., Moshkovskii S.A., Beta-decay, Atomizdat, Moscow, 1970 (in Russian)).
  • Wu Wang Ts.S., Moshkovskii S.A., Beta-decay, Atomizdat, Moscow, 1970 (in Russian)
  • t H 3 where the ⁇ -decay asymmetry al- ready must not take place, similar experiments were not carried out
  • Plasma must comprise two components, with multiply charged ions added to hydrogen, these ions being necessary for quenching spontaneous emission of electrons from the ground energy levels in the own gravitational field
  • these ions being necessary for quenching spontaneous emission of electrons from the ground energy levels in the own gravitational field
  • Quenching of the lower excited states of the electrons will be particularly effective in the presence of a resonance between the energy of excited electron and the energy of electron excitation in the ion (in the limit, most favorable case — ionization energy)
  • a principal solution of the problem is a method of confining of an already heated plasma in an emitted gravitational field in a second step, after the plasma has been compressed, heated and retained during this period by the magnetic field.
  • Plasma must be injected from the magnetic field region, but with subsequent pumping of energy from the region of the plasma found in the magnetic field. It is just to these conditions that, among other things, there corresponds the original circuit diagram of a magnetoplasma compressor, presented in the speci- fication to the Application.
  • the claimed method is realized in the following manner (see the diagram): through a quick-acting valve 1 a two-component gas (hydrogen + a multielectron gas) is supplied into a gap between coaxial conical electrodes 2, 3, to which voltage is fed through a discharge circuit 5. A discharge creating a magnetic field flows between the electrodes. Under the pressure of the arising amperage, plasma is accelerated along the channel. At the outlet in a region 7 the flow converges to the axis, where a region of compression with high density and temperature originates. The formation of the region of compression 7 is favored by efflux currents which flow in the outgoing plasma jet.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé permettant d'obtenir des états stables pour un plasma dense à haute température, notamment pour des plasmas destinés à une fusion contrôlée. Le procédé selon l'invention consiste: à générer un plasma dense à haute température à l'aide de décharges de haute intensité pulsées; puis à injecter le plasma issu de la zone d'un champ magnétique présentant des paramètres correspondant aux conditions d'émission gravitationnelle d'électrons avec un spectre de puissance en bandes ; et à procéder à un transfert d'énergie le long du spectre (transition en cascade) dans la zone de longueurs d'onde élevées (d'énergie eV), ce qui entraîne le verrouillage et l'amplification de l'émission gravitationnelle dans le plasma ainsi que la compression de ce dernier pour qu'il atteigne un état d'équilibre hydrostatique. Des atomes à électrons multiples constituent un élément obligatoire dans la composition d'un gaz de travail, afin d'affaiblir l'émission gravitationnelle spontanée issue de l'état normal d'énergie (la zone keV) de l'électron dans le champ gravitationnel approprié.
EP05749491A 2004-11-30 2005-05-24 Procede permettant d'obtenir des etats stables pour un plasma dense a haute temperature Ceased EP1673966A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2004135022/06A RU2273968C1 (ru) 2004-11-30 2004-11-30 Способ формирования устойчивых состояний плотной высокотемпературной плазмы
PCT/RU2005/000284 WO2005109970A1 (fr) 2004-11-30 2005-05-24 Procede permettant d'obtenir des etats stables pour un plasma dense a haute temperature

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1673966A1 true EP1673966A1 (fr) 2006-06-28
EP1673966A4 EP1673966A4 (fr) 2009-08-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05749491A Ceased EP1673966A4 (fr) 2004-11-30 2005-05-24 Procede permettant d'obtenir des etats stables pour un plasma dense a haute temperature

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1673966A4 (fr)
JP (3) JP2008522362A (fr)
KR (1) KR100877367B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1954391B (fr)
AU (1) AU2005242054B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0506556A (fr)
CA (1) CA2538368A1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ548650A (fr)
RU (1) RU2273968C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005109970A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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RU2273968C1 (ru) * 2004-11-30 2006-04-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Рустермосинтез" Способ формирования устойчивых состояний плотной высокотемпературной плазмы
EP2054895A2 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2009-05-06 Unified Gravity Corporation Dispositif de fusion hydrogène-lithium, procédé et applications
RU2007105087A (ru) * 2007-02-12 2008-08-20 Борис Федорович Полторацкий (RU) Плазменный преобразователь энергии и электромагнитный вихревой реактор для его осуществления
US20150380113A1 (en) 2014-06-27 2015-12-31 Nonlinear Ion Dynamics Llc Methods, devices and systems for fusion reactions
WO2014210519A2 (fr) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Nonlinear Ion Dynamics, Llc. Procédés, dispositifs et systèmes pour des réactions de fusion
RU2710865C1 (ru) * 2019-06-19 2020-01-14 Акционерное общество "Концерн воздушно-космической обороны "Алмаз - Антей" Плазменный источник излучения

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US4292125A (en) * 1978-08-21 1981-09-29 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology System and method for generating steady state confining current for a toroidal plasma fusion reactor
SU1216805A1 (ru) * 1984-03-15 1986-03-07 Предприятие П/Я В-8851 Способ создани стационарного тока в плазме
JPH0750179B2 (ja) * 1984-06-18 1995-05-31 松永 誠子 ホログラフイ−の技術を利用して物質にエネルギ−を与える方法、及び、その装置
RU2067360C1 (ru) * 1994-01-25 1996-09-27 Михаил Агеевич Поломарчук Способ получения высокотемпературной плазмы
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RU2273968C1 (ru) * 2004-11-30 2006-04-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Рустермосинтез" Способ формирования устойчивых состояний плотной высокотемпературной плазмы

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FISENKO S I ET AL: "Some notes on the concept of ''strong'' gravitation and possibilities of its experimental investigation", PHYSICS LETTERS A, NORTH-HOLLAND PUBLISHING CO., AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 148, no. 8-9, 3 September 1990 (1990-09-03), pages 405-407, XP024596783, ISSN: 0375-9601, DOI: 10.1016/0375-9601(90)90489-B [retrieved on 1990-09-03] *
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MOKHOV V N ET AL: "Fusion in the magnetically compressed targets", FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 70, no. 1, 1 January 2004 (2004-01-01), pages 35-43, XP004486655, ISSN: 0920-3796, DOI: 10.1016/J.FUSENGDES.2003.08.003 *
'Proceedings of the "2013 International Sherwood Fusion Theory Conference"', [Online] April 2013, SANTA FE, NM, USA, pages 1 - 121 Retrieved from the Internet: <URL:https://custom.cvent.com/F6288ADDEF3C4 A6CBA5358DAE922C966/files/ea464f8d378a4b549 9541cb5034a77f2.pdf> [retrieved on 2013-10-21] *
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See also references of WO2005109970A1 *
STANISLAV I. FISENKO ET AL: "Method of Forming Stable States of Dense High-Temperature Plasma", JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS, vol. 04, no. 04, 1 January 2013 (2013-01-01), pages 481-485, XP055084767, ISSN: 2153-1196, DOI: 10.4236/jmp.2013.44068 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2005242054B2 (en) 2008-11-27
EP1673966A4 (fr) 2009-08-12
WO2005109970A1 (fr) 2005-11-17
CN1954391A (zh) 2007-04-25
CN1954391B (zh) 2012-07-04
AU2005242054A1 (en) 2005-11-17
CA2538368A1 (fr) 2005-11-17
RU2273968C1 (ru) 2006-04-10
NZ548650A (en) 2012-09-28
KR20070050003A (ko) 2007-05-14
JP2013016507A (ja) 2013-01-24
JP2015092495A (ja) 2015-05-14
JP2008522362A (ja) 2008-06-26
KR100877367B1 (ko) 2009-01-09
BRPI0506556A (pt) 2007-04-17

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