EP1666746A1 - Self-aligning roller bearing and method of processing the same - Google Patents
Self-aligning roller bearing and method of processing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1666746A1 EP1666746A1 EP04773414A EP04773414A EP1666746A1 EP 1666746 A1 EP1666746 A1 EP 1666746A1 EP 04773414 A EP04773414 A EP 04773414A EP 04773414 A EP04773414 A EP 04773414A EP 1666746 A1 EP1666746 A1 EP 1666746A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- raceway
- outer ring
- raceway surface
- self
- processing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
- F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
- F16C23/082—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface
- F16C23/086—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface forming a track for rolling elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
- F16C33/585—Details of specific parts of races of raceways, e.g. ribs to guide the rollers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
- F16C19/34—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
- F16C19/38—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
- F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
- F16C2240/54—Surface roughness
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a self-aligning roller bearing which can be used with a long life by suppressing friction and heat development attributable to a skew of the roller and also relates to a method of processing the same.
- Self-aligning roller bearings are widely used as roll neck bearings of various types, bearings for vehicles, and bearings for various industrial applications.
- One means for solving the problem included in the proposals is a configuration in which "the surface roughness of an outer ring raceway surface in parts thereof in contact with the roller located in the neighborhood of sides of the bearing is lower than the surface roughness of a part in contact with the roller located at least in the neighborhood of the center of the bearing other than the parts in contact with the roller"(see JP-A-11-226855).
- An example of the method of processing in JP-B-57-61933 is a method in which a raceway of an inner ring is finished using a super-finishing process; a raceway surface of an outer ring is finished using a grinding process employing a cup grindstone as described in JP-A-11-226855; and the outer ring raceway surface is finished rougher than the inner ring raceway surface.
- a measurement conducted in the axial direction of the raceway surface 101 of the outer ring finished using such a method indicates that the roughness of the raceway surface 101 of the outer ring 100 is different between the central part 110 and the both ends 120 of the raceway surface (the roughness of the both ends 120 of the raceway surface is higher than that of the central part 110 of the raceway surface) as shown in Figs. 8(a), (b), and (c).
- Figs. 8(a), (b), and (c) show the surface roughness of the left end of the raceway surface, the central part of the raceway surface, and the right end of the raceway surface, respectively.
- Japanese Patent No. 2900527 since the surface roughness of the neighborhood of sides of the bearing is higher than that of the neighborhood of the center of the bearing because of processing marks, the bearing is in a surface condition which is likely to result in a negative skew angle according to Japanese Patent No. 2900527.
- Japanese Patent No. 2900527 Although the configuration disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2900527 is desirable for the purpose of suppressing friction and generation of heat attributable to skew of a roller, it takes time and labor to change the degree of a difference in surface roughness between contact areas between an outer ring and a roller and to change boundaries between the areas that are different in surface roughness depending on the design specification of the bearing and the condition of use.
- the invention has been made taking such a problem with the related art into consideration, and it is an object of the invention to provide a self-aligning roller bearing having a long life in which no excessive negative skew of the roller is generated and to provide a method of processing the same.
- the invention provides a self-aligning roller bearing comprising an inner ring having a double-row raceway, an outer ring having a double-row integral and spherical raceway, a plurality of rollers incorporated between the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceway on a double-row basis, and a retainer for rotatably retaining the rollers, wherein: processing marks crossing each other are formed on a raceway surface of the spherical raceway of the outer ring; the processing marks are cut substantially straightly at a predetermined crossing angle to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface; and the surface roughness of the raceway surface is substantially constant in the axial direction and the circumferential direction thereof at least in a part in contact with the roller.
- the processing marks are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface.
- the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 ⁇ mRa in terms of average roughness at the centerline thereof in both of the radial direction and the circumferential direction.
- a difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S is 0.1 ⁇ mRa or less.
- Skewness (Rsk) is -0.4 or less.
- the roughness of a raceway surface of the inner ring is 0.1 ⁇ mRa or less in terms of average roughness at the centerline in the axial direction thereof.
- the invention provides a method of processing a self-aligning roller bearing comprising the step of forming processing marks crossing each other on a raceway surface of an outer ring of the self-aligning roller bearing using a super-finishing process.
- the processing marks crossing each other are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface.
- the step of forming the processing marks includes the steps of rotating the outer ring about a center axis thereof, inserting a grindstone in the outer ring, and swinging the grindstone along the curvature of the raceway surface while pressing the raceway surface with the same.
- the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is made substantially constant in both of the axial direction and the circumferential direction. Since the surface roughness of the outer ring raceway surface is higher than the surface roughness of the inner ring raceway surface, no excessive negative skew of the roller will occur. In addition, the super-finishing process compresses any residual stress on a surface and provides an effect of making any layer altered by processing thinner than those generated by grinding, which provides a long life.
- a self-aligning roller bearing is constituted by an inner ring 1 having a double-row raceway 1a and an outer ring 2 having a double-row integral spherical raceway 2a, a plurality of rollers 3 incorporated between the inner ring raceway 1a and the outer ring raceway 2a on a double-row basis, and a retainer 4 for rotatably retaining the rollers 3.
- the description will only address those elements characteristic of the invention and will omit other elements. Design changes may be made on other elements such as the inner ring 1, outer ring 2, rollers 3, and retainer 4 as occasion demands within the scope of the invention.
- the raceway surface 2a of the outer ring 2 is formed in a spherical shape continuously extending in the circumferential direction and having a desired depth and curvature (a shape that is a radial section extending throughout the outer ring in the axial direction thereof), and a plurality of processing marks 5 as shown in Fig. 2 are formed on the raceway surface 2a.
- Fig. 2 shows a section of the outer ring taken in the radial direction thereof (vertical direction and extending throughout the outer ring in the axial direction thereof, the illustrated being exaggerated in part to show the processing marks 5 clearly.
- the processing marks 5 are substantially straight and cut across each other at a predetermined angle to the circumferential direction S of the raceway surface 2a. Specifically, they are cut at a crossing angle ⁇ in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction S of the raceway surface 2a. Further, the surface roughness of the outer ring raceway surface 2a is kept in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 ⁇ mRa in terms of average roughness at the centerline thereof in both of the radial direction A and the circumferential direction S. A difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S is kept at 0.1 ⁇ mRa or less. Skewness (Rsk) is set at -0.4 or less. The roughness of the inner ring is set at 0.1 ( ⁇ mRa or less.
- the above-described set values are optimum values obtained through experiments.
- the crossing angle ⁇ of the processing marks 5 is less than 90°, the surface roughness in the axial direction A is excessively higher than the surface roughness in the circumferential direction S, and the difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S set as described above cannot be kept at 0.1 ⁇ mRa or less.
- the surface roughness in the circumferential direction A is excessively higher than the surface roughness in the axial direction A, and the difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S set as described above cannot be kept at 0.1 ⁇ mRa or less.
- the processing marks 5 cross each other, and the crossing angle ⁇ is 120°.
- the surface roughness of the processed surface is measured at approximately 0.3 ⁇ mRa in both of the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S (Figs. 3(a) to (c), and Fig. 4).
- Fig. 3(a), (b), and (c) are graphs showing surface roughness at a left end of the raceway surface 2a, a central part of the raceway surface 2a, and a right end of the raceway surface 2a, respectively.
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing surface roughness in the circumferential direction. Those graphs indicate that the surface roughness of the raceway surface 2a is substantially constant in both of the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S.
- the skewness (Rsk) is -0.4 or less.
- the processing marks 5 formed on the outer ring raceway surface 2a of such a self-aligning roller bearing are formed by using super-finishing.
- Fig. 9 shows an example of super-finishing of the outer ring raceway surface.
- a bar-shaped grindstone 8 is pressed (the pressing device is not shown) against the raceway surface of the outer ring 2 from above while the outer ring is supported and rotated by a rotary jig (not shown), and processing is performed by swinging the grindstone 8 in the axial direction along the curvature of the raceway surface.
- a locus of movement of one abrasive grain of the grindstone 8 can be represented by a sine wave as shown in Fig. 10. Since the grindstone includes countless abrasive grains, processing marks 5 are formed on the outer ring raceway surface when the speed of rotation of the outer ring and the number of swings of grindstone are set at an appropriate ratio.
- Fig. 6 shows an embodiment utilizing tape processing.
- This embodiment employs no grindstone but employs a pressing jig 7 having a tip in the same shape as the arcuate shape of a grindstone and an abrasive tape which is tightly attached to the tip of the jig.
- An abrasive material is applied to one side or abrading surface of the abrasive tape, and processing is performed by swinging the pressing jig 7 and the abrasive tape integrally with each other along the curvature of the raceway surface with the abrasive tape pressed against the raceway surface by the pressing jig 7.
- Fig. 5 shows results of a rolling fatigue life test. The results indicate that a self-aligning roller bearing having an outer ring processed using the inventive method of processing has an L10 life ratio much higher than that of a self-aligning roller bearing having an outer ring processed using a method of processing in the related art (a conventional product) and has a life several times longer than that of the conventional product.
- the invention may be applied to self-aligning roller bearings used as roll-neck bearing of various types, bearing for vehicles, bearings for various industrial purposes, and the like.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a self-aligning roller bearing which can be used with a long life by suppressing friction and heat development attributable to a skew of the roller and also relates to a method of processing the same.
- Self-aligning roller bearings are widely used as roll neck bearings of various types, bearings for vehicles, and bearings for various industrial applications.
- It is known that the life of such a self-aligning roller bearing is shortened by troubles such as an increase in friction and heat generated inside the bearing which results in rolling contact fatigue when certain rollers do not rotate in a normal condition during the operation of the same, for example, in case that the roller rotates at a great negative skew angle.
- Under the circumstance, various techniques have been developed to control the skew angle of a roller in operation. For example, method of processing have been proposed (see JP-B-57-61933), in which raceway surfaces of an inner ring and an outer ring are made different from each other in surface roughness (the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is made higher than the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the inner ring).
- As measures to avoid a great negative skew angle, methods have been proposed, in which at least either raceway surfaces or roller contact surfaces of inner and outer rings are provided with surface roughness which is different between parts of the surfaces in the neighborhood of the center of the bearing and parts of the surfaces in the neighborhood of sides of the bearing (see Japanese Patent No. 2900527).
- One means for solving the problem included in the proposals is a configuration in which "the surface roughness of an outer ring raceway surface in parts thereof in contact with the roller located in the neighborhood of sides of the bearing is lower than the surface roughness of a part in contact with the roller located at least in the neighborhood of the center of the bearing other than the parts in contact with the roller"(see JP-A-11-226855).
- An example of the method of processing in JP-B-57-61933 is a method in which a raceway of an inner ring is finished using a super-finishing process; a raceway surface of an outer ring is finished using a grinding process employing a cup grindstone as described in JP-A-11-226855; and the outer ring raceway surface is finished rougher than the inner ring raceway surface.
- However, when a raceway surface of an outer ring is finished by grinding it with a cup grindstone, since curved processing marks 200 as shown in Fig. 7 are formed on a
raceway surface 101, a phenomenon is observed, in which the population ofintersections 201 between the processing marks 200 is highest at bothends 120 of the raceway surface and gradually decreases to a minimum at acentral part 110 of the raceway surface. - Therefore, a measurement conducted in the axial direction of the
raceway surface 101 of the outer ring finished using such a method indicates that the roughness of theraceway surface 101 of theouter ring 100 is different between thecentral part 110 and the bothends 120 of the raceway surface (the roughness of the bothends 120 of the raceway surface is higher than that of thecentral part 110 of the raceway surface) as shown in Figs. 8(a), (b), and (c). Figs. 8(a), (b), and (c) show the surface roughness of the left end of the raceway surface, the central part of the raceway surface, and the right end of the raceway surface, respectively. Thus, when the bearing is ground using a cup grindstone, since the surface roughness of the neighborhood of sides of the bearing is higher than that of the neighborhood of the center of the bearing because of processing marks, the bearing is in a surface condition which is likely to result in a negative skew angle according to Japanese Patent No. 2900527. Although the configuration disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2900527 is desirable for the purpose of suppressing friction and generation of heat attributable to skew of a roller, it takes time and labor to change the degree of a difference in surface roughness between contact areas between an outer ring and a roller and to change boundaries between the areas that are different in surface roughness depending on the design specification of the bearing and the condition of use. - The invention has been made taking such a problem with the related art into consideration, and it is an object of the invention to provide a self-aligning roller bearing having a long life in which no excessive negative skew of the roller is generated and to provide a method of processing the same.
- The invention provides a self-aligning roller bearing comprising an inner ring having a double-row raceway, an outer ring having a double-row integral and spherical raceway, a plurality of rollers incorporated between the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceway on a double-row basis, and a retainer for rotatably retaining the rollers, wherein: processing marks crossing each other are formed on a raceway surface of the spherical raceway of the outer ring; the processing marks are cut substantially straightly at a predetermined crossing angle to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface; and the surface roughness of the raceway surface is substantially constant in the axial direction and the circumferential direction thereof at least in a part in contact with the roller.
- Preferably, the processing marks are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface.
- Preferably, the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 µmRa in terms of average roughness at the centerline thereof in both of the radial direction and the circumferential direction. A difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S is 0.1 µmRa or less. Skewness (Rsk) is -0.4 or less. The roughness of a raceway surface of the inner ring is 0.1 µmRa or less in terms of average roughness at the centerline in the axial direction thereof.
- The invention provides a method of processing a self-aligning roller bearing comprising the step of forming processing marks crossing each other on a raceway surface of an outer ring of the self-aligning roller bearing using a super-finishing process.
- Preferably, the processing marks crossing each other are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface.
- Preferably, the step of forming the processing marks includes the steps of rotating the outer ring about a center axis thereof, inserting a grindstone in the outer ring, and swinging the grindstone along the curvature of the raceway surface while pressing the raceway surface with the same.
- By employing the above-described configuration, the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is made substantially constant in both of the axial direction and the circumferential direction. Since the surface roughness of the outer ring raceway surface is higher than the surface roughness of the inner ring raceway surface, no excessive negative skew of the roller will occur. In addition, the super-finishing process compresses any residual stress on a surface and provides an effect of making any layer altered by processing thinner than those generated by grinding, which provides a long life.
-
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of processing marks on a raceway surface of an outer ring.
- Figs. 3(a) to (c) are graphs showing roughness of a slot (in the axial direction thereof) according to an inventive method of processing, Figs. 3 (a), (b), and (c) showing surface roughness of a left side, a central part, and a right side of a raceway surface, respectively.
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the roughness of the slot (in the circumferential direction thereof) according to the inventive method of processing.
- Fig. 5 shows results of a left test.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a method of processing employing a tape process.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic illustration of processing marks on a raceway surface of an outer ring formed by a method of processing in the prior art.
- Figs. 8(a) to (c) are graphs showing roughness of a slot (in the axial direction thereof) according to a method of processing in the prior art, Figs. 8(a), (b), and (c) showing surface roughness of a left side, a central part, and a right side of a raceway surface, respectively.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of a super-finishing process according to the invention.
- Fig. 10 shows a locus of movement of an abrasive grain.
- An embodiment of the invention will now be described based on the drawings.
- Although a self-aligning roller bearing as shown in Fig. 1 will be described by way of example in the present embodiment, self-aligning roller bearings having other configurations may be used within the scope of the invention. A self-aligning roller bearing is constituted by an
inner ring 1 having a double-row raceway 1a and anouter ring 2 having a double-row integralspherical raceway 2a, a plurality ofrollers 3 incorporated between theinner ring raceway 1a and theouter ring raceway 2a on a double-row basis, and aretainer 4 for rotatably retaining therollers 3. - Since the invention involves a configuration which is characterized in that
processing marks 5 crossing each other are formed on theraceway surface 2a of theouter ring 2, the description will only address those elements characteristic of the invention and will omit other elements. Design changes may be made on other elements such as theinner ring 1,outer ring 2,rollers 3, andretainer 4 as occasion demands within the scope of the invention. - The
raceway surface 2a of theouter ring 2 is formed in a spherical shape continuously extending in the circumferential direction and having a desired depth and curvature (a shape that is a radial section extending throughout the outer ring in the axial direction thereof), and a plurality ofprocessing marks 5 as shown in Fig. 2 are formed on theraceway surface 2a. Fig. 2 shows a section of the outer ring taken in the radial direction thereof (vertical direction and extending throughout the outer ring in the axial direction thereof, the illustrated being exaggerated in part to show theprocessing marks 5 clearly. - The
processing marks 5 are substantially straight and cut across each other at a predetermined angle to the circumferential direction S of theraceway surface 2a. Specifically, they are cut at a crossing angle θ in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction S of theraceway surface 2a. Further, the surface roughness of the outerring raceway surface 2a is kept in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 µmRa in terms of average roughness at the centerline thereof in both of the radial direction A and the circumferential direction S. A difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S is kept at 0.1 µmRa or less. Skewness (Rsk) is set at -0.4 or less. The roughness of the inner ring is set at 0.1 (µmRa or less. - The above-described set values are optimum values obtained through experiments. When the crossing angle θ of the
processing marks 5 is less than 90°, the surface roughness in the axial direction A is excessively higher than the surface roughness in the circumferential direction S, and the difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S set as described above cannot be kept at 0.1 µmRa or less. - In the case of a crossing angle θ exceeding 150°, the surface roughness in the circumferential direction A is excessively higher than the surface roughness in the axial direction A, and the difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S set as described above cannot be kept at 0.1 µmRa or less.
- When the set value of surface roughness is 0.15 µmRa or less, the occurrence of excessive negative skew of the rollers cannot be prevented because there is only a small difference from the surface roughness of the inner ring. When the roughness is higher than 0.4 µmRa, high heat is generated by friction, and seizure occurs in the worst case.
- When there is a big difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S, it is difficult to control skew of the rollers.
- When skewness (Rsk) is set at -0.4 or less, even if the oil film runs out, since a resultant load is supported by a multiplicity of
microscopic protrusions 6 obtained by forming theprocessing marks 5, any significant concentration of stress can be avoided. - In the present embodiment, the processing marks 5 cross each other, and the crossing angle θ is 120°. The surface roughness of the processed surface is measured at approximately 0.3 µmRa in both of the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S (Figs. 3(a) to (c), and Fig. 4). Fig. 3(a), (b), and (c) are graphs showing surface roughness at a left end of the
raceway surface 2a, a central part of theraceway surface 2a, and a right end of theraceway surface 2a, respectively. Fig. 4 is a graph showing surface roughness in the circumferential direction. Those graphs indicate that the surface roughness of theraceway surface 2a is substantially constant in both of the axial direction A and the circumferential direction S. The skewness (Rsk) is -0.4 or less. - The processing marks 5 formed on the outer
ring raceway surface 2a of such a self-aligning roller bearing are formed by using super-finishing. - Fig. 9 shows an example of super-finishing of the outer ring raceway surface. A bar-shaped
grindstone 8 is pressed (the pressing device is not shown) against the raceway surface of theouter ring 2 from above while the outer ring is supported and rotated by a rotary jig (not shown), and processing is performed by swinging thegrindstone 8 in the axial direction along the curvature of the raceway surface. - A locus of movement of one abrasive grain of the
grindstone 8 can be represented by a sine wave as shown in Fig. 10. Since the grindstone includes countless abrasive grains, processing marks 5 are formed on the outer ring raceway surface when the speed of rotation of the outer ring and the number of swings of grindstone are set at an appropriate ratio. - An appropriate machine tool known in the prior art is selected and used as the supper-finishing machine used for the super-finishing within the scope of the invention.
- Fig. 6 shows an embodiment utilizing tape processing. This embodiment employs no grindstone but employs a
pressing jig 7 having a tip in the same shape as the arcuate shape of a grindstone and an abrasive tape which is tightly attached to the tip of the jig. - An abrasive material is applied to one side or abrading surface of the abrasive tape, and processing is performed by swinging the
pressing jig 7 and the abrasive tape integrally with each other along the curvature of the raceway surface with the abrasive tape pressed against the raceway surface by thepressing jig 7. - Fig. 5 shows results of a rolling fatigue life test. The results indicate that a self-aligning roller bearing having an outer ring processed using the inventive method of processing has an L10 life ratio much higher than that of a self-aligning roller bearing having an outer ring processed using a method of processing in the related art (a conventional product) and has a life several times longer than that of the conventional product.
- While the invention has been described in detail and by referring to a particular embodiment of the same, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
- The present application is based on an application for Japanese patent (No. 2003-324011) made on September 17, 2003, the contents of which are incorporated herein for reference.
- The invention may be applied to self-aligning roller bearings used as roll-neck bearing of various types, bearing for vehicles, bearings for various industrial purposes, and the like.
Claims (6)
- A self-aligning roller bearing comprising:an inner ring having a double-row raceway;an outer ring having a double-row integral and spherical raceway;a plurality of rollers incorporated between the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceway on a double-row basis; anda retainer for rotatably retaining the rollers, wherein:processing marks crossing each other are formed on a raceway surface of the spherical raceway of the outer ring;the processing marks are cut substantially straightly at a predetermined crossing angle to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface; andthe surface roughness of the raceway surface is substantially constant in the axial direction and the circumferential direction thereof at least in a part in contact with the roller.
- The self-aligning roller bearing according to Claim 1, wherein
the processing marks are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface. - The self-aligning roller bearing according to Claim 1, wherein
the surface roughness of the raceway surface of the outer ring is in the range from 0.15 to 0.4 µmRa in terms of average roughness at the centerline thereof in both of the radial direction and the circumferential direction,
a difference in surface roughness between measurements in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is 0.1 µmRa or less,
skewness (Rsk) is -0.4 or less, and
the roughness of a raceway surface of the inner ring is 0.1 µmRa or less in terms of average roughness at the centerline in the axial direction thereof. - A method of processing a self-aligning roller bearing, comprising the step of:forming processing marks crossing each other on a raceway surface of an outer ring of the self-aligning roller bearing using a super-finishing process.
- The method of processing a self-aligning roller bearing according to Claim 4, wherein
the processing marks crossing each other are cut at a crossing angle in the range from 90° to 150° to the circumferential direction of the raceway surface. - The method of processing a self-aligning roller bearing according to Claim 4, wherein
the step of forming processing marks includes the steps of:rotating the outer ring about a center axis thereof, inserting a grindstone in the outer ring, andswinging the grindstone along the curvature of the raceway surface, while pressing the raceway surface with the same.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003324011A JP2005090615A (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2003-09-17 | Automatic centering roller bearing and machining method thereof |
PCT/JP2004/014030 WO2005028890A1 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Self-aligning roller bearing and method of processing the same |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1666746A1 true EP1666746A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP1666746A4 EP1666746A4 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
EP1666746B1 EP1666746B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
Family
ID=34372736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04773414.0A Not-in-force EP1666746B1 (en) | 2003-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Self-aligning roller bearing and method of processing the same |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7837393B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1666746B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2005090615A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100774237B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1849460B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005028890A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3059464A4 (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-04-12 | NSK Ltd. | Linear motion guide device and production method therefor |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5200988B2 (en) * | 2009-02-19 | 2013-06-05 | 日本精工株式会社 | Linear motion device |
WO2014121829A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Bearing with improved resistance to micropitting |
CN106246720A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2016-12-21 | 上海理工大学 | The automatic aligning roller of suppression flow induced vibrations seals structure |
IT201900000238A1 (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2020-07-09 | Skf Ab | ROLLING CONTACT BEARING WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCES |
JP2021008940A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-28 | Ntn株式会社 | Cross roller bearing |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2216200A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-10-04 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Rolling bearing and method for manufacturing the same |
US5145267A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-09-08 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Automatic center adjusting roller bearing |
US5586826A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-12-24 | Skf Sverige Ab | Roller bearing provided with roller skew control and long life characteristics |
US5642947A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-07-01 | Ntn Corporation | Balls for ball bearing |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1967650A (en) * | 1932-11-04 | 1934-07-24 | Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab | Roller bearing |
US2252096A (en) * | 1939-06-26 | 1941-08-12 | Hoover Ball & Bearing Co | Method and apparatus for finishing ball raceways or the like |
US3005297A (en) * | 1959-02-06 | 1961-10-24 | Attilio R Spicacci | Method of manufacturing a raceway |
JPS5761933B2 (en) * | 1972-07-07 | 1982-12-27 | Esu Kee Efu Andeyusutoriaru Toreedeingu Ando Dev Co Bv | |
IT1162535B (en) * | 1978-09-01 | 1987-04-01 | Skf Ab | SPHERICAL ROLLER BEARING EQUIPPED WITH SYMMETRIC CROWNING FOR OBLIQUITY CONTROL |
SE8404350L (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-01 | Lidkoepings Mekaniska Verkstad | DEVICE FOR PROFILE SHARPING OF A GRINDING DISC |
JPS62274115A (en) * | 1986-05-22 | 1987-11-28 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Ball bearing |
JPH087145Y2 (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1996-03-04 | エヌティエヌ株式会社 | Roller bearings for vehicle wheels |
JP2634495B2 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1997-07-23 | エヌティエヌ 株式会社 | Bearings for automatic transmission |
JP3030100B2 (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 2000-04-10 | エヌティエヌ株式会社 | Roller Roller Bearing |
JPH05306719A (en) * | 1992-02-27 | 1993-11-19 | Ntn Corp | Rolling element |
US5516324A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1996-05-14 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus for grinding ball grooves |
US5503481A (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1996-04-02 | The Timken Company | Bearing surfaces with isotropic finish |
JPH10196660A (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-07-31 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Roller bearing |
JP3567076B2 (en) | 1998-02-16 | 2004-09-15 | トーヨーエイテック株式会社 | Grinding method for the inner spherical surface of the work |
JP4006972B2 (en) * | 2000-12-25 | 2007-11-14 | 日本精工株式会社 | Rolling bearing |
JP2002254293A (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-10 | Nsk Ltd | Method and device for superfinishing raceway surface of ball bearing |
US6735868B2 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2004-05-18 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Surface treatment method |
EP1754903B1 (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2013-07-24 | NSK Ltd. | Self-aligining roller bearing |
-
2003
- 2003-09-17 JP JP2003324011A patent/JP2005090615A/en active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-09-17 KR KR1020067005469A patent/KR100774237B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-09-17 CN CN2004800259152A patent/CN1849460B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-17 EP EP04773414.0A patent/EP1666746B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-09-17 US US10/572,503 patent/US7837393B2/en active Active
- 2004-09-17 WO PCT/JP2004/014030 patent/WO2005028890A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2216200A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-10-04 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Rolling bearing and method for manufacturing the same |
US5145267A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-09-08 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Automatic center adjusting roller bearing |
US5586826A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-12-24 | Skf Sverige Ab | Roller bearing provided with roller skew control and long life characteristics |
US5642947A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1997-07-01 | Ntn Corporation | Balls for ball bearing |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2005028890A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3059464A4 (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2017-04-12 | NSK Ltd. | Linear motion guide device and production method therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7837393B2 (en) | 2010-11-23 |
CN1849460B (en) | 2011-05-25 |
US20070081753A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
CN1849460A (en) | 2006-10-18 |
KR100774237B1 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
JP2005090615A (en) | 2005-04-07 |
EP1666746B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
WO2005028890A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
EP1666746A4 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
KR20060061852A (en) | 2006-06-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5503481A (en) | Bearing surfaces with isotropic finish | |
JPH0587688B2 (en) | ||
WO2004111477A1 (en) | Cylindrical roller bearing | |
JP2003021145A (en) | Roller bearing | |
JP4520811B2 (en) | Method for forming improved rolling contact surface | |
US7837393B2 (en) | Self-aligning roller bearing and method of processing the same | |
JP2017150597A (en) | Rolling bearing, rolling device and manufacturing method of rolling device | |
EP1260723A2 (en) | Roller bearing having streaked grinding trail on roller end face | |
JPH0712119A (en) | Cylindrical roller bearing | |
JP2008261476A (en) | Thrust needle roller bearing | |
EP1344953B1 (en) | Roller bearing | |
JP2010169182A (en) | Roller bearing | |
WO2006001144A1 (en) | Rolling bearing | |
JP2004324670A (en) | Roller bearing | |
JP2005003121A (en) | Cylindrical roller bearing | |
JP2005188737A (en) | Ball roller rolling member | |
JP2008232221A (en) | Thrust needle roller bearing | |
JP4064440B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of wheel bearing device | |
JP2004116718A (en) | Shell type roller bearing | |
JP2007333084A (en) | Cage for bearing | |
JP2004060860A (en) | Roller bearing, roller for roller bearing and manufacturing method | |
JPH11344029A (en) | Thrust roller bearing | |
JPH07243439A (en) | Rolling bearing designed to soften stress concentration and its manufacture | |
JPH10141363A (en) | Solid lubricated cross roller bearing | |
JPH07103243A (en) | Rolling bearing |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20060310 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20061121 |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090403 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20130603 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 639702 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20131215 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602004043747 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20131224 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: VDEP Effective date: 20131106 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 639702 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140306 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602004043747 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20140807 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602004043747 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140807 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140917 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20140917 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20150529 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140930 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140917 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140930 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140917 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20140207 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20040917 Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20131106 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20190903 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602004043747 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210401 |