EP1665298B1 - Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par liquide - Google Patents

Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1665298B1
EP1665298B1 EP04786732A EP04786732A EP1665298B1 EP 1665298 B1 EP1665298 B1 EP 1665298B1 EP 04786732 A EP04786732 A EP 04786732A EP 04786732 A EP04786732 A EP 04786732A EP 1665298 B1 EP1665298 B1 EP 1665298B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
layer
outer layer
liquid
conductor according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04786732A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1665298A2 (fr
Inventor
Michael Schäfer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1665298A2 publication Critical patent/EP1665298A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1665298B1 publication Critical patent/EP1665298B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/322—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof the insulation forming channels for circulation of the fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/323—Insulation between winding turns, between winding layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a conductor for liquid-cooled windings, in particular for transformer or inductor windings according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the invention further relates to a corresponding liquid-cooled transformer and a liquid-cooled reactor.
  • a formed from a generic conductor winding of an oil-filled transformer or similar electrical device higher power is regularly traversed with cooling channels for guiding a cooling fluid such as oil to dissipate a resulting from ohmic losses of heat.
  • the heat generated in the conductor must thereby penetrate through an insulating sheath, which is typically made of paper, which is usually applied directly to the conductor, and to a boundary layer which forms on a surface of this sheath.
  • a temperature gradient occurs both in the sheath and in the boundary layer and thus a temperature difference between the conductor and the cooling liquid. Given the size of the dissipated heat, this temperature difference is a determining factor for the dimensions of the conductor to be selected and the corresponding winding.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to develop a conductor for liquid-cooled windings, which allows for improved cooling even when operating at higher voltages, thus allowing a design of corresponding electrical devices with smaller dimensions.
  • the conductor has him as a whole surrounding insulating sheath, wherein at least one layer of the sheath surrounding the conductor completely covering, but at the same time an outer layer of at least two layers of the sheath openings, stitches or frayings, on the one hand a good electrical Insulation of the conductor achieved, which is thus suitable for operation with very high voltages, and on the other hand, a surface of the conductor or the sheath of the conductor, which is structured such that a liquid flowing around the conductor or at least one voltage applied to the conductor boundary layer of this Cooling fluid is added to turbulence.
  • liquid-cooled reactors or transformers in which at least one, preferably each winding consists of a conductor of the type described, can be realized in an advantageous manner compared to corresponding devices of the prior art with smaller dimensions and / or suitability for larger operating voltages.
  • the described advantage of improved cooling is achieved, although the cooling liquid can not flow through the sheath and therefore in the case of a structure of the conductor of several sub-conductors latter can not individually flow around.
  • frazzling which may have the outer layer of the sheath for generating turbulence instead of or in addition to openings and / or mesh, should be in this document flag-like protruding from the head parts of said layer be designated.
  • a layer of the sheath of the conductor may be formed by wrapping the conductor with a sheet material, preferably by wrapping it with a strip which spirally surrounds the conductor.
  • a very simple production of the sheath or the corresponding position of the sheath is possible.
  • several or all layers of the casing can be formed in this way.
  • a material which is very suitable for one layer or several layers of the sheath is paper which is well insulating, inexpensive and easy to process due to its high flexibility.
  • the layer or layers which form a part of the casing which completely surrounds the conductor can consist of a single strip of paper in each case.
  • the outer layer can be made of paper in a very simple and inexpensive to manufacture embodiment of a conductor according to the invention, which may be perforated to form the openings and thereby to a desired surface property of the leader leads.
  • the outer layer consists of a spirally wound around the conductor band having an incision in not too large intervals edge, so that this edge from the ladder protruding flags or frays, which forms a flow of the cooling liquid influence in the desired manner.
  • the distances between individual cuts of the band which can also vary, can be for example between one tenth and one fifth of a diameter of the conductor for a particularly good swirling effect. Even with such an embodiment of the outer layer of the sheath lends itself to their production of paper.
  • a net or fabric for this layer.
  • a net or web may be made of plastic or synthetic fibers, such as polyamide or nylon, to be sufficiently stable and even non-conductive.
  • the flow of the cooling liquid or its boundary layer is not only localized, but manipulated on the entire surface of the conductor, thereby achieving a better heat exchange not only locally but over a large area.
  • a perforated or apertured design of the outer This effect is particularly good when the openings have a diameter of between 2 mm and 10 mm. With typical cooling liquids and flow velocities, openings with a diameter of between 3 mm and 7 mm prove to be optimal.
  • outer layer of the sheath provided with openings or mesh covers a proportion of between 30% and 80% of the underlying layer, through the openings or meshes Area between 20% and 70% of the underlying location remains uncovered.
  • outer layer is advantageously for the same reason to ensure that successive protruding components of the outer layer are spaced in the longitudinal direction of the conductor by not more than about a conductor diameter.
  • oils and ester liquids especially mineral oils and synthetic oils such as silicone oil, are particularly suitable. These coolants are characterized by a suitable viscosity and appropriate heat resistance.
  • a sufficiently good electrical insulation of the conductor, even for very high voltage operation can be ensured if the inner layer of the sheath, which surrounds the conductor completely covering, or possibly formed of several layers, the conductor completely covering inner layer of the sheath a Thickness of between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.
  • This layer should not be thicker than necessary in order not to impair the cooling of the conductor more than necessary, for common uses a thickness of this layer of between 0.2 mm and 1 mm is a good compromise.
  • the conductor consists of several individual sub-conductors, which are guided substantially parallel and can be twisted.
  • the conductor as a whole becomes more flexible and thus easier to process.
  • Another advantage is a possible reduction of eddy currents in the conductor and associated power and heat losses.
  • the conductor not only receives more advantageous electrical properties, but also the cooling of the conductor is further simplified by the reduction of the heat generated and thereby a more compact design of a corresponding electrical device possible. This effect can be achieved with little effort if the leader consists of between five and one hundred and eighty-eight sub-conductors.
  • the conductor can also be designed as a twin-twisted conductor.
  • An embodiment of conductors according to the invention for liquid-cooled windings is particularly suitable for those conductors which have a cross section of between 0.2 cm 2 and 40 cm 2 , but better still not more than 16 cm 2 , and thus for operation with high voltages and thus Usually associated high currents are suitable, but on the other hand still allow effective cooling by a conductor as a whole flowing around the coolant.
  • Such conductors are particularly well to process windings, if they have a rectangular cross-section, which is easy to implement, especially in a structure of several sub-conductors.
  • FIG. 1 is a conductor 1 to see, which has a consisting of an inner layer 2 and an outer layer 3 sheath.
  • the inner layer 2 forms a conventional paper insulation, so is realized by a Textilumwicklung and surrounds the conductor 1 so that it covers completely.
  • the outer layer 3, which also consists of a wrapping with a paper strip, has a perforation formed by openings 4. These openings 4 have a diameter of about 4 mm and cover the outer layer 3 such that it covers only about 60% of the underlying inner layer 2.
  • the conductor 1, which forms a winding of an oil-cooled transformer, or the shell of this conductor 1 is replaced by a surface structure, which causes a flow of serving as a coolant synthetic oil at least at this surface in turbulence and thereby for improved heat exchange and more effective cooling of the conductor 1 leads.
  • the conductor 1, which consists of thirty-five sub-conductors, has a cross section of about 5.5 cm 2 .
  • the perforated design of the outer layer 3 of the sheath of this conductor 1 results in a very effective cooling of this conductor 1 by the described effect, although the coolant due to the insulating inner layer 2, which has a thickness of about 0.5 mm, the sub-conductors of the conductor 1 can not flow around individually.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is in FIG. 2 shown.
  • a conductor 1 with a sheath consisting of an inner layer 2 and an outer layer 3.
  • the outer layer 3 of the sheath is here formed by a nylon net, which has meshes 5 of a diameter of about 8 mm and thereby causes a similar effect of turbulence of a flowing cooling liquid.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the invention is finally in FIG. 3 shown, in which again a real conductor 1 and an inner layer 2 and an outer layer 3 can be seen.
  • the outer layer 3 is realized here by a wrapping of the conductor 1 and the underlying inner layer 2 with a strip of paper, this strip of paper here has a regularly cut-in edge instead of a perforation. As a result, this edge forms projecting flags 6.
  • the outer layer 3 has with these flags 6 frayed, which in turn have a turbulence in a flowing past coolant result.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 Imaged conductors are equally suitable for use in liquid-cooled reactors or similar electrical devices with liquid-cooled windings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un conducteur destiné à des enroulements refroidis par liquide, notamment des enroulements de transformateur, et comprenant une gaine isolante enveloppant le conducteur (1) en totalité. Au moins une couche (2) de la gaine enveloppe le conducteur (1) en le recouvrant complètement alors qu'une couche extérieure (3) parmi au moins deux couches (2, 3) de la gaine présente des orifices (4), des mailles (5) ou des franges (6), ce qui provoque des turbulences dans un liquide réfrigérant s'écoulant autour du conducteur et permet d'améliorer l'échange thermique. L'invention concerne également un transformateur refroidi par liquide correspondant et une bobine d'inductance refroidie par liquide.

Claims (14)

  1. Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par du liquide, notamment pour des enroulements de transformateur, comprenant une gaine isolante entourant le conducteur dans son entier, au moins une couche de la gaine entourant le conducteur en le recouvrant complètement,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'une couche ( 3 ) extérieure parmi au moins deux couches ( 2, 3 ) de la gaine a des ouvertures ( 4 ), des mailles ( 5 ) ou des franges.
  2. Conducteur suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en qu'au moins une, de préférence chaque, couche ( 2, 3 ) de la gaine est formée par un enroulement du conducteur ( 1 ).
  3. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une couche ( 2, 3 ) de la gaine, de préférence chaque couche ( 2 ), à l'exception de la couche ( 3 ) extérieure, est en papier.
  4. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche ( 3 ) extérieure est en papier perforé.
  5. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche ( 3 ) extérieure est formée par un ruban entaillé sur un bord à des intervalles réguliers, de manière à former des oriflammes en saillie sur le bord, cette bande étant, de préférence, en papier.
  6. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche ( 3 ) extérieure est formée d'un filet ou d'une étoffe, qui est, de préférence, en une matière plastique.
  7. Conducteur suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en que le filet ou l'étoffe a des mailles ( 5 ) individuelles d'un diamètre compris entre 1 mm et 15 mm, de préférence compris entre 1,5 mm et 5 mm.
  8. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche ( 3 ) extérieure a des ouvertures ( 4 ) d'un diamètre compris entre 2 mm et 10 mm, de préférence entre 3 mm et 7 mm.
  9. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la couche ( 3 ) extérieure recouvre une proportion comprise entre 30% et 80% de la couche sous-jacente ( 2 ).
  10. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, par la couche ( 2 ) ou par les couches ( 2 ) recouvrant complètement le conducteur de la gaine, il est formé une couche d'une épaisseur comprise entre 0,1 mm et 2 mm, de préférence entre 0,2 mm et 1 mm.
  11. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué de plusieurs sous-conducteurs individuels, de préférence d'un nombre de sous-conducteurs compris entre 5 et 198.
  12. Conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il a une section transversale, de préférence rectangulaire, comprise entre 0,2 CM 2 et 40 CM 2.
  13. Transformateur refroidi par du liquide ou bobine de self refroidie par du liquide, comportant au moins un enroulement en un conducteur suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 12.
  14. Transformateur ou bobine de self suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme fluide de refroidissement une huile entourant le conducteur, de préférence une huile minérale, ou un ester liquide l'entourant.
EP04786732A 2003-09-25 2004-09-06 Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par liquide Not-in-force EP1665298B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10345664A DE10345664B4 (de) 2003-09-25 2003-09-25 Leiter für flüssigkeitsgekühlte Wicklungen
PCT/DE2004/002010 WO2005031768A2 (fr) 2003-09-25 2004-09-06 Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par liquide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1665298A2 EP1665298A2 (fr) 2006-06-07
EP1665298B1 true EP1665298B1 (fr) 2012-08-01

Family

ID=34384342

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04786732A Not-in-force EP1665298B1 (fr) 2003-09-25 2004-09-06 Conducteur pour des enroulements refroidis par liquide

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7655867B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1665298B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100550223C (fr)
DE (1) DE10345664B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2388433T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005031768A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6377336B2 (ja) 2013-03-06 2018-08-22 株式会社東芝 インダクタ及びその製造方法
EP3089167B1 (fr) * 2013-12-26 2022-09-21 Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire Japan Co., Ltd. Fil isolant et procédé de fabrication d'un fil isolant
WO2016073291A1 (fr) * 2014-11-03 2016-05-12 Hubbell Incorporated Transformateurs à sécurité intrinsèque
JP6372320B2 (ja) * 2014-11-19 2018-08-15 日立金属株式会社 同軸ケーブル及びそれを用いた医療用ケーブル
US10679784B1 (en) * 2016-07-29 2020-06-09 Vanner, Inc. Method of forming a transformer winding
KR102363710B1 (ko) * 2017-05-10 2022-02-15 히타치 에너지 스위처랜드 아게 개선된 열 제거부를 구비한 전기 장치
US20200090832A1 (en) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-19 Michael Revilak Direction indicating cord assembly
DE102020109211A1 (de) 2020-04-02 2021-10-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Leistungserzeugende Komponente einer elektrischen Rotationsmaschine und elektrische Rotationsmaschine

Family Cites Families (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1287684B (fr) * 1969-01-23
DE1638928A1 (de) * 1967-10-16 1971-08-05 Transform Roentgen Matern Veb Transformator mit Lagenwicklung und erzwungener OElstroemung
DE2316830A1 (de) * 1973-04-04 1974-10-17 Transformatoren Union Ag Vorrichtung zur verbesserung der kuehlung von transformatoren mit lagenwicklung
US4096351A (en) * 1976-08-24 1978-06-20 Borg-Warner Corporation Insulated and braid covered electrical conductor for use in gassy oil wells
US4088830A (en) * 1976-08-24 1978-05-09 Borg-Warner Corporation Electrical cable with insulated and braid covered conductors and perforated polyolefin armor
US4675474A (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-06-23 Harvey Hubbell Incorporated Reinforced electrical cable and method of forming the cable
DE3823938A1 (de) * 1988-07-14 1990-02-01 Siemens Ag Isolation um einen stabilisierten supraleiter und verfahren zu deren herstellung
AT399962B (de) 1992-09-16 1995-08-25 Asta Eisen Und Metallwarenerze Drilleiter
DE4243090C1 (de) * 1992-12-18 1994-07-28 Siemens Ag Distanzelement
ATE154465T1 (de) 1994-05-10 1997-06-15 Asta Elektrodraht Gmbh Mehrfachparallelleiter für wicklungen elektrischer maschinen und geräte
DE4427282C2 (de) * 1994-08-02 1999-11-04 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines koaxialen Hochfrequenz-Kabels
US6051793A (en) * 1998-05-22 2000-04-18 Alcatel Multiple parallel conductor featuring conductors partially wrapped with an aramid or other suitable wrapping material
DE29914596U1 (de) * 1999-08-20 2000-01-13 Alcatel Sa Mehrfachparallelleiter für Wicklungen elektrischer Geräte und Maschinen
CA2344564C (fr) * 2000-09-14 2008-07-22 General Electric Canada Inc. Ensemble isolant de champs electriques a effet progressif, pour machine dynamo-electrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10345664A1 (de) 2005-05-12
WO2005031768A3 (fr) 2005-06-23
US20070277994A1 (en) 2007-12-06
CN1856848A (zh) 2006-11-01
DE10345664B4 (de) 2008-11-13
EP1665298A2 (fr) 2006-06-07
CN100550223C (zh) 2009-10-14
US7655867B2 (en) 2010-02-02
ES2388433T3 (es) 2012-10-15
WO2005031768A2 (fr) 2005-04-07

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