EP1661526B1 - Vis de fixation auto-guidée - Google Patents

Vis de fixation auto-guidée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1661526B1
EP1661526B1 EP05405411.9A EP05405411A EP1661526B1 EP 1661526 B1 EP1661526 B1 EP 1661526B1 EP 05405411 A EP05405411 A EP 05405411A EP 1661526 B1 EP1661526 B1 EP 1661526B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
orthopedic
diameter
screw
shank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05405411.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1661526A1 (fr
Inventor
Yves Crozet
Patric Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stryker European Holdings I LLC
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Stryker European Holdings I LLC
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1661526A1 publication Critical patent/EP1661526A1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8052—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded
    • A61B17/8057—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded the interlocking form comprising a thread
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A61B17/863—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue with thread interrupted or changing its form along shank, other than constant taper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8685—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor comprising multiple separate parts

Definitions

  • Orthopedic surgery whether it be for fracture fixation, joint reconstruction, spine stabilization or fusion, often comprises the fastening of an implant, including an orthopedic plate, to a bone or to another implant or component of a trauma, reconstructive or fusion system.
  • a screw fastener is used in conjunction with an aperture in an orthopedic implant, and the threads of the screw fastener engage bone or another component of the system as indicated above.
  • the screw fastener would include not only threads to engage the bony material, but also threads to engage the female threads in a threaded aperture.
  • a screw to be inserted in a bone is also known from US 2003/0158556 .
  • Said screw comprises a shank having two portions that are provided with a thread.
  • the thread on the first portion and on the second portion have the same pitch and thread height.
  • this screw is not adapted for a optimal engagement between the screw and an orthopaedic implant or plate.
  • the part of the shank which is designed to be disposed within the bone may include external threads specifically adapted to engage bony material.
  • the part of the shank designed to be disposed within the apertures of the orthopedic plate -- i.e., the plate-engaging portion of the shank -- includes a second external thread designed to engage the internal threads of the aperture.
  • the second thread has a conical configuration.
  • a bone screw may also be designed having a conical shank portion.
  • the entire shank of the bone screw may be conical or the conical shank may be limited to only a portion of the shank.
  • the shank portion that is disposed within an aperture of a bone plate may be conical while the bone engaging portion is not.
  • a fastener in accordance with the present invention can be used as a monoaxial fastener in a plate or other device having an aperture with a female thread.
  • the fastener includes a single thread, the profile which is the same throughout the length of the fastener from the trailing end or proximal end at the bottom of the head to the leading end or distal end of the fastener.
  • the pitch and depth of the thread is the same.
  • the first portion of the shank of the screw fastener - i.e., the plate engaging portion of the shank - has a different thickness than the remaining shaft of the screw fastener.
  • the fastener in any one of the permeations discussed above, can be used in connection with a coupler having an internal thread, the coupler being positioned in a through-hole of a plate.
  • a coupler might be a ball-shaped coupler or a coupler having spherical surfaces to permit polyaxial movement of the fastener.
  • the fastener would self-thread into the internal thread of the coupler in the same fashion as described above.
  • the orthopedic screw has a distal tip.
  • the distal tip having a third shank extending from the second portion remote from the first portion and including a third thread extending radially outward from the third shank.
  • the third shank has a thread height and a pitch. In one aspect of the present invention the thread height and pitch of the third thread height substantially equal to the thread height and pitch of the first and second portions.
  • the distal tip may further include a first end remote from the second portion and at least one groove extending from the first end toward the second portion.
  • the orthopedic screw preferably includes a recess disposed in at least the head of the screw.
  • the recess may be in the shape of a polygon.
  • the pitch of the first and second portion is approximately 1 millimeter. Additionally in one preferred embodiment of the present invention the thread height of the first and second portion is approximately 0.6 millimeters. Further the orthopedic screw may have a length between approximately 10 and 120 millimeters and with the first portion having a length between approximately 1 and 2.2 millimeters.
  • an orthopedic system comprising an orthopedic implant and an orthopedic screw
  • the orthopedic implant includes at least one aperture with internal threads.
  • the orthopedic screw includes a head, a first portion and a second portion.
  • the first portion has a shank with a first shank diameter and a first thread. The first thread extending radially outward from the shank to define a thread diameter.
  • the second portion of the orthopedic screw has a shank with a second shank diameter and a second thread extending radially outward from the shank.
  • the second shank diameter and the second thread diameter are smaller than the first shank diameter and the first thread diameter.
  • the orthopedic implant may be a bone plate or a coupler as well as additional implants.
  • one bone screw 10 includes a head 12 and a shank 14.
  • Shank 14 extends downwardly from head 12 and preferably includes first portion 16, second portion 18 and distal tip 20.
  • Shank 14 also preferably includes thread 22 extending radially outward from shank 14. Thread 22 extends radially outward from shank 22 as well as substantially continuous from the proximal end of first portion 16 to distal tip 20.
  • the second portion 18 of the bone screw 10 engages bone, though it may engage another orthopedic component used in connection with fracture fixation, joint reconstruction, spinal stabilization or fusion, or any other component within an orthopedic system.
  • the length of the second portion 18 need not be in proportion to the first portion 16 as shown in the drawings, but rather can be of any suitable length (and other parameters) as may be suitable for a particular application.
  • first portion 16 of bone screw 10 includes first end 24 and second end 26.
  • First end 24 is preferably in communication with head 12, though it need not be in every application.
  • the first portion 16 is not tapered from its first end 24 to its second end 26, but is instead of a constant diameter. Of course, a slight taper is still possible.
  • Shank 14 has a first diameter D in first portion 16.
  • first diameter D representing the root diameter
  • First portion 16 also includes first thread 30 which is preferably part of thread 22.
  • First thread 30 has a pitch P and a thread height T.
  • thread height T is approximately in a range between 0.25 millimeters and 3 millimeters, as measured from the shank 14.
  • pitch P of first thread 30 is approximately between 0.8 millimeters and 1 millimeter.
  • Second portion 18 of shank 14 also includes second thread 36 extending radially outward from shank 14.
  • Second thread 36 is preferably part of thread 22 and is continuous with first thread 30.
  • Second thread 36 has a pitch P' and a thread height T'.
  • pitch P' is approximately between 0.8 millimeters and 1 millimeter.
  • thread height T' is approximately between 0.25 millimeters and 3 millimeters.
  • Bone screw 10 is most preferably adapted for use with orthopedic implants, especially bone plates.
  • An example of one such bone plate is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • Bone plate 100 includes front surface 102 and rear surface 104. As further discussed, rear surface 104 has no gravitational relationship except that rear surface 104, as discussed herein, is configured to face the structure to which bone plate 100 will be attached to.
  • Bone plate 100 also preferably includes at least one aperture 106 extending from front surface 102 to rear surface 104 therethrough. Although bone plate 100 is shown with four apertures in FIG. 4 , often various bone plates, as well as additional implants, may have more or less apertures.
  • Apertures 106 of plate 100 preferably include interior threads 108 extending inwardly from interior wall 110 of aperture 106. Threads 108 are adapted for mating with at least a portion of the threads of bone screw 10.
  • bone plate 100 is placed adjacent to a bone 120.
  • the bone 120 may be a fractured femur, humerus or any other bone.
  • Plate 100 may span a fracture or fractures, illustrated as F on FIG. 5 .
  • the bone may be a vertebral body or bodies, with the plate spanning the intervertebral space.
  • the bone may, of course, be any other bone or bone segment that is involved in an orthopedic treatment.
  • Pilot hole 122 is pre-drilled into bone 120.
  • Hole 122 preferably has a cross-section which is preferably at least less than the diameter of threads 22 of bone screw 10 and preferably substantially equal to the diameter of the second portion 18.
  • part of thread 22 may preferably have a cross section less than the cross section of the diameter at least in the distal tip 20 region.
  • second portion 18 has a shank diameter which enables second thread 36 to enter the boundary of the internal thread 108 of the bone plate 100.
  • second thread 36 contacts internal threads 108 of aperture 106, the threads do not fully mate with each other, i.e., come into full contact with one another. In other words, the diameter D' of the second portion 18 will not tighten against the internal threads 108.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates this "self-tightening.” For instance, as shown in FIG. 6 , second thread 36, when placed symmetrical relative to internal threads 108, leaves gaps 130 between the two threads.
  • the sizing of the different diameter at the distal tip will determine whether the threads in the distal tip area will enter the valleys 134 of the internal thread 108.
  • first portion 16 of bone screw 10 comes in contact with internal threads 108.
  • First portion 16 has a first diameter D which is specifically adapted for not only allowing thread 30 to come into contact with internal thread 108 of bone plate 100, but also to lock the bone plate relative to the bone screw, as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 8 This result is highlighted in FIG. 8 , in which it can be easily seen that thread 30, when placed within aperture 106, contacts internal threads 108 to establish the integrity of the desired threading forces.
  • bone screw 10 is translated through bone plate 100 and into bone 120 until head 12 contacts bone plate 100.
  • bone plate 100 includes a recess or countersink 140 designed for receiving head 12 of the bone screw. This configuration enables the top surface of head 12 to be flush with the front surface 102 of the bone plate.
  • an orthopedic implant may include a coupler that is disposed within apertures of the bone plate.
  • a coupler may be in the form of an insert that functions as a blocker to prevent the screw fastener from backing out of a plate or other orthopedic implant. Such an insert is shown and described in U.S. patent application US2005/0143742 A1 entitled Device For Connecting A Screw To A Support Plate by inventor Robert Porcher, and filed on November 29, 2004.
  • the coupler may also be an insert that locks to a plate or other orthopedic implant through the deformation of the insert upon tightening of the screw fastener.
  • a coupler may also be in the form of a ring or other expedient that facilitates the polyaxial placement of a screw fastener through a plate or other implant into a bone.
  • a screw fastener can be placed through a plate at an angle to obtain better bony purchase, to facilitate ease of implantation procedure, to avoid fractured portions of the bone, or for any other reason.
  • Such a ring could be slotted to allow contraction for insertion into a plate aperture and/or expansion against the plate aperture as the threaded fastener 10 is driven into place.
  • the ring might also be unslotted.
  • the coupler itself would preferably carry the internal threads, and the aperture of the implant in which the coupler resides would not be threaded, though it could be in a particular embodiment.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Vis orthopédique (10) pour fixation à une composante orthopédique dans une procédure chirurgicale orthopédique, comprenant :
    un manche (14) avec une première partie (16), une deuxième partie (18) et un bout distal (20),
    où la première partie (16) comprenant un premier diamètre de manche et un premier filetage (30) s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur dudit manche, où le premier filetage (30) définit un premier diamètre de filetage, une hauteur de filetage et un pas ; et
    où la deuxième partie (18) comprenant un deuxième diamètre de manche et un deuxième filetage (36) s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur dudit manche, où le deuxième filetage (36) définit un deuxième diamètre de filetage, une hauteur de filetage et un pas ;
    où ledit deuxième diamètre de manche et ledit deuxième diamètre de filetage sont inférieurs audit premier diamètre de manche et audit premier diamètre de filetage, respectivement, et
    où ladite hauteur de filetage et le pas dudit premier filetage sont essentiellement égales à la hauteur de filetage et du pas dudit deuxième filetage, respectivement,
    où le bout distal (20) comprend un troisième diamètre de manche et s'étend de ladite deuxième partie (18) à distance de ladite première partie (16), où le bout distal (20) comprend un troisième filetage, s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur dudit troisième manche, où ledit troisième filetage comprend une hauteur de filetage et un pas,
    caractérisée en ce que la vis (10) comprend aussi une tête (12) qui s'étend de ladite première partie (16) à distance de la deuxième partie (18) et en ce que le bout distal (20) est structuré d'une manière d'avoir un diamètre de manche diffèrent par rapport au diamètre de manche de la première partie (16) et de la deuxième partie (18),
    où ledit deuxième diamètre de filetage est supérieur audit premier diamètre de manche.
  2. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la tête (12) comprend un diamètre qui est supérieur au diamètre de la première partie (16) et de la deuxième partie (18).
  3. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ladite hauteur de filetage et le pas dudit bout distal (20) sont essentiellement égales à ladite hauteur de filetage et au pas des premières et deuxièmes parties (16, 18).
  4. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le bout distal (20) comprend un premier bout à distance de la deuxième partie (18) ou le dit bout distal (20) comprend aussi au moins une rainure s'étendant dudit premier bout et envers ladite deuxième partie (18).
  5. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite tête (12) comprend une échancrure (70).
  6. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite échancrure (70) a la forme d'une étoile.
  7. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit pas dudit premier filetage et ledit pas du dudit deuxième filetage sont approximativement entre 0.8 mm et 1 mm.
  8. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite hauteur de filetage dudit premier filetage et ladite hauteur de filetage dudit deuxième filetage sont approximativement entre 0.25 mm et 3 mm.
  9. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite vis (10) est autotaraudeuse.
  10. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit premier filetage (30) et ledit deuxième filetage (36) sont continus.
  11. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ladite vis (10) a une longueur entre approximativement 10 mm et 120 mm et ladite partie (16) a une longueur entre 1 mm et 2.2 mm.
  12. Vis orthopédique (10) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit bout distal (20) comprend une partie rétrécissante.
  13. Système orthopédique comprenant :
    une vis selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes ;
    un implant orthopédique (100) comprenant au moins une ouverture (106) avec un filetage femelle (108) ;
    où ledit deuxième filetage est adapté pour être reçu dans ladite ouverture (106) dudit implant orthopédique (100) et communique avec lesdits filetages femelles (108) dudit implant orthopédique (100) pour maintenir l'alignement correct entre ladite vis orthopédique et ledit implant orthopédique (100), où ledit premier filetage (30) et ledit premier diamètre de manche de ladite première partie (16) sont adaptés pour engager d'une manière complète lesdits filetages femelles (108) de ladite au moins une ouverture (106) dudit implant orthopédique (100).
  14. Le système orthopédique selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit implant orthopédique (100) est une plaque de fixation d'os.
  15. Le système orthopédique selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'implant orthopédique (100) comprend un accouplement.
EP05405411.9A 2004-11-30 2005-06-27 Vis de fixation auto-guidée Active EP1661526B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/000,098 US7799062B2 (en) 2004-11-30 2004-11-30 Self-guiding threaded fastener

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1661526A1 EP1661526A1 (fr) 2006-05-31
EP1661526B1 true EP1661526B1 (fr) 2016-11-23

Family

ID=35871163

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05405411.9A Active EP1661526B1 (fr) 2004-11-30 2005-06-27 Vis de fixation auto-guidée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7799062B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1661526B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4995448B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005202820B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2615031T3 (fr)

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JP2006150054A (ja) 2006-06-15
EP1661526A1 (fr) 2006-05-31
ES2615031T3 (es) 2017-06-05
AU2005202820A1 (en) 2006-06-15
AU2005202820B2 (en) 2011-05-19
JP4995448B2 (ja) 2012-08-08
US7799062B2 (en) 2010-09-21
US20060116686A1 (en) 2006-06-01

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