EP1657404B1 - Turbomachine rotor, in particular gas turbine rotor - Google Patents

Turbomachine rotor, in particular gas turbine rotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1657404B1
EP1657404B1 EP05024246A EP05024246A EP1657404B1 EP 1657404 B1 EP1657404 B1 EP 1657404B1 EP 05024246 A EP05024246 A EP 05024246A EP 05024246 A EP05024246 A EP 05024246A EP 1657404 B1 EP1657404 B1 EP 1657404B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
base body
locking plates
accordance
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP05024246A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1657404A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Wulf
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MTU Aero Engines AG
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MTU Aero Engines GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1657404A1 publication Critical patent/EP1657404A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
    • F01D5/3015Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type with side plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor of a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine rotor, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Rotors of a turbomachine such as gas turbine rotors
  • the present invention relates to a rotor of a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine rotor, in which the blades are fastened via their blade roots in grooves which extend in the axial direction of the rotor body, ie in axial grooves.
  • closure plates In gas turbine rotors, in which the blades are anchored via their blade roots in axial grooves of the rotor body, are used for axial securing of the blades so-called closure plates are used, which are also referred to as locking plates.
  • the closure plates are guided in the assembled state in an annular groove of the rotor body and in an annular groove of the rotor blades anchored in the rotor body.
  • the shutter plates are designed like a rectangle, which must be moved in the axial direction of one or more blades in the preassembled rotor assembly for mounting these rectangular-shaped shutter plate in the annular grooves of the rotor body and blades, so that the shutter plates can be inserted into the annular grooves.
  • an increased clearance between the blade roots of the blades and the respective axial grooves of the rotor body is required.
  • such increased foot play has a negative impact on the strength of the blades.
  • the present invention based on the problem to provide a novel rotor of a turbomachine.
  • the closure platelets have a dragon-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or diamond-like, outline, such that the closure platelets can be inserted in an insertion position between the rotor base body and the blade platforms of the rotor blades and in an assembly position rotated relative to this insertion position into the annular grooves Rotor body and blade platforms are screwed.
  • a radial width thereof is smaller than the distance between an edge defining the annular groove of the rotor base body and an edge defining the annular groove of the blade platforms;
  • a radial width of the closure plates is greater than the distance between the edge defining the annular groove of the rotor base body and the edge defining the annular groove of the blade platforms.
  • a rotor of a turbomachine in particular a gas turbine rotor
  • the closure plates for Axialfix ist or axial securing formed in axial grooves on their blade feet blades are formed kite similar.
  • the closure plates are designed parallelogram-like or rhombus-like, wherein edges of the closure plates can be either rectilinear or circular arc-shaped and are adapted to the groove diameter. Due to the contour of the closure plates according to the invention, they can be inserted easily or without problems between the rotor base body and the blade platforms of the moving blades. To insert the same into the annular grooves of the rotor base body and rotor blades, the closure plates are merely twisted. This makes it possible to minimize the play between the blade root of the blades and the axial grooves of the rotor body. This increases the strength of the blade root.
  • a connecting line between two radially opposite corner points of a closure plate passes through a center of the rotor base body.
  • a focus of the shutter plate is offset from the connecting line extending through the center of the rotor body such that the shutter plates automatically stabilize in their mounting position during operation of the rotor.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a known from the prior art gas turbine rotor 10 having a rotor body 11 and a plurality of blades 12.
  • Each of the rotor blades 12 has an airfoil 13 and a blade root 14, wherein a blade platform 15 is formed between the airfoil 13 and the blade root 14.
  • a plurality of axially extending axial groove 16 are introduced, each blade 12 is anchored with its blade root 14 in such axial groove 16 in the rotor body 11.
  • the axial grooves 16 can be set in the circumferential direction.
  • closure plate 17 which are also referred to as locking plates.
  • the closure plates 17 are guided on the one hand in an annular groove 18 of the rotor base body 11 and on the other hand in annular grooves 19 of the blade platforms 15. 1 and 2, the closure plates 17 according to the prior art have a rectangular-like outline, whereby it is necessary to insert the closure plates 17 in the annular grooves 18 and 19, one or more blades 12 in the pre-assembled rotor assembly in Move axial direction.
  • an enlargement of a foot clearance between the blade roots 14 and the respective axial groove 16 is required in the prior art, which is disadvantageous for reasons of strength. This is especially true for blades with outer cover tape and so-called Z-toothing in the area of the outer cover tape.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3d show highly schematic different views of a gas turbine rotor 20 according to the invention, which in turn has a rotor main body 21 and a plurality of rotor blades 22.
  • Each of the rotor blades 22 has an airfoil 23, a blade root 24 and a blade platform 25, wherein the blade platform 25 is positioned between the blade root 24 and the airfoil 23.
  • the blades 22 are anchored with their blade roots 24 in axial grooves 26 of the rotor body 21, wherein an axial fixation or axial securing of the blades 22 is accomplished in the axial grooves 26 via closure plate 27.
  • the closure plates 27 engage, on the one hand, in an annular groove 28 of the rotor base body 21 and in the annular groove 29 of the blade platform 25.
  • the annular groove 28 of the rotor main body 21 is defined by a radially inner edge 30 and a radially outer edge 31; the annular groove 29 of the rotor blades 22 is defined by a radially inner edge 32 and a radially outer edge 33 defined.
  • the shutter plate 27 For Axialfix ist or axial securing of the blades 22, the shutter plate 27 must engage in the annular grooves 28 and 29, that in the projection a radially outer edge 34 of the shutter plate 27 of the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22 and a radially inner edge 35 of the closure plate 27 is covered by the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base body 21.
  • the closure plate 27 For insertion of the closure plate 27 into the annular grooves 28 and 29, however, the same must be threaded between the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blade 22.
  • the closure flakes 27 have a kite-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or diamond-like, outline, so that the closure flakes 27 can be inserted between the rotor base body 21 and the rotor blades 22 in an insertion position (see FIGS. 3 a and 3 b) are, namely between the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor body 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22.
  • a kite-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or diamond-like, outline are, namely between the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor body 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22.
  • the shutter plates 27 engage with their edges 34 and 35 in the annular grooves 28 and 29, their edges 34 and 35 are therefore hidden in the mounting position of the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22.
  • the procedure is such that the closure plates 27 are pushed in their twisted insertion position (see FIG. 3 a) in the direction of the arrow 36 between the rotor base 21 and the rotor blade 22, in order then to be inserted therein Position in the direction of the arrow 37 (see Fig. 3b) to be rotated in its mounting position.
  • a closure plate 27 twisted into the mounting position is then displaced in the circumferential direction in the direction of the arrow 38 (see FIG. 3c) until it comes into contact with an already mounted closure plate 27.
  • Locking plates 27 twisted into their mounting position in this manner are fixed by at least one plastically deformable closing element 39, which is pressed into the annular grooves 28 and 29 in the direction of the arrow 40 (see FIG. 3d).
  • a connecting line 41 extends between two radially opposite corner points 42 and 43 of a closure plate 27 through a center of the rotor base 21, not shown.
  • a center of gravity 44 of the closure plates 27 is opposite the connecting line 41 offset.
  • the center of gravity 44 relative to the connecting line 41 is offset such that the shutter plates 27 automatically stabilize in its mounting position during operation of the rotor.
  • Fig. 5 visualizes with the arrow 45 on the shutter plate 27 during operation centrifugal forces acting due to the position of the center of gravity 44 relative to the connecting line 41 and defined by the corner point 43 pivot point of the shutter plate 27 self-stabilization of the shutter plate 27 at centrifugal force effect , Accordingly, the position of the center of gravity 44 stabilizes the position of the closure plates 27 automatically, so that loss of a single closure plate 27 or a closure element 39 during operation does not necessarily mean that other closure plates 27 are lost. This increases the safety of the axial fixation of the rotor blades 22.
  • the closure plates 27 are all designed parallelogram-like with rectilinear edges. Each two opposite edges are essentially parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 6, the closure plates 27 may also have circular arc-shaped edges. As a result, a better contour adjustment of the closure plate 27 to the annular grooves 28 and 29 is possible, the manufacturing cost of the closure plate 27 with circular arc extending edges, however, is higher than the production cost of closure plate 27 with rectilinear edges.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Rotor einer Turbomaschine, insbesondere einen Gasturbinenrotor, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a rotor of a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine rotor, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Rotoren einer Turbomaschine, wie zum Beispiel Gasturbinenrotoren, verfügen über einen Rotorgrundkörper sowie über mehrere mit dem Rotorgrundkörper rotierende Laufschaufeln. Die hier vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Rotor einer Turbomaschine, insbesondere einen Gasturbinenrotor, bei welchem die Laufschaufeln über ihre Schaufelfüße in Nuten, die in Axialrichtung des Rotorgrundkörpers verlaufen, also in Axialnuten, befestigt sind.Rotors of a turbomachine, such as gas turbine rotors, have a rotor body and a plurality of rotor blades rotating with the rotor body. The present invention relates to a rotor of a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine rotor, in which the blades are fastened via their blade roots in grooves which extend in the axial direction of the rotor body, ie in axial grooves.

Bei Gasturbinenrotoren, bei welchen die Laufschaufeln über ihre Schaufelfüße in Axialnuten des Rotorgrundkörpers verankert sind, kommen zur Axialsicherung der Laufschaufeln sogenannte Verschlussplättchen zum Einsatz, die auch als Locking Plates bezeichnet werden. Die Verschlussplättchen sind in montiertem Zustand in einer Ringnut des Rotorgrundkörpers sowie in einer Ringnut der im Rotorgrundkörper verankerten Laufschaufeln geführt. Nach dem Stand der Technik, siehe z.B. EP-A-0 761 930 , sind die Verschlussplättchen rechteckähnlich ausgeführt, wobei zur Montage dieser rechteckähnlichen Verschlussplättchen in den Ringnuten von Rotorgrundkörper und Laufschaufeln eine oder mehrere Laufschaufeln im vormontierten Rotorverbund in Axialrichtung verschoben werden müssen, damit die Verschlussplättchen in die Ringnuten eingeführt werden können. Hierzu ist ein vergrößertes Spiel zwischen den Schaufelfüßen der Laufschaufeln und den jeweiligen Axialnuten des Rotorgrundkörpers erforderlich. Ein derartiges, vergrößertes Fußspiel hat jedoch negativen Einfluss auf die Festigkeit der Laufschaufeln.In gas turbine rotors, in which the blades are anchored via their blade roots in axial grooves of the rotor body, are used for axial securing of the blades so-called closure plates are used, which are also referred to as locking plates. The closure plates are guided in the assembled state in an annular groove of the rotor body and in an annular groove of the rotor blades anchored in the rotor body. According to the prior art, see for example EP-A-0 761 930 , The shutter plates are designed like a rectangle, which must be moved in the axial direction of one or more blades in the preassembled rotor assembly for mounting these rectangular-shaped shutter plate in the annular grooves of the rotor body and blades, so that the shutter plates can be inserted into the annular grooves. For this purpose, an increased clearance between the blade roots of the blades and the respective axial grooves of the rotor body is required. However, such increased foot play has a negative impact on the strength of the blades.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung das Problem zu Grunde, einen neuartigen Rotor einer Turbomaschine zu schaffen.On this basis, the present invention based on the problem to provide a novel rotor of a turbomachine.

Dieses Problem wird dadurch gelöst, dass der eingangs genannte Rotor einer Turbomaschine durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 weitergebildet ist. Erfindungsgemäß weisen die Verschlussplättchen einen drachenähnlichen, insbesondere einen parallelogrammähnlichen oder rautenähnlichen, Umriss auf, derart, dass die Verschlussplättchen in einer Einführposition zwischen den Rotorgrundkörper und die Schaufelplattformen der Laufschaufeln einsetzbar und in einer gegenüber dieser Einführposition verdrehten Montageposition in die Ringnuten von Rotorgrundkörper und Schaufelplattformen eindrehbar sind. In der Einführposition der Verschlussplättchen ist eine radiale Breite derselben kleiner als der Abstand zwischen einer die Ringnut des Rotorgrundkörpers definierenden Kante und einer die Ringnut der Schaufelplattformen definierenden Kante; in der Montageposition hingegen ist eine radiale Breite der Verschlussplättchen größer als der Abstand zwischen der die Ringnut des Rotorgrundkörpers definierenden Kante und der die Ringnut der Schaufelplattformen definierenden Kante.This problem is solved in that the above-mentioned rotor of a turbomachine is further developed by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. According to the invention, the closure platelets have a dragon-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or diamond-like, outline, such that the closure platelets can be inserted in an insertion position between the rotor base body and the blade platforms of the rotor blades and in an assembly position rotated relative to this insertion position into the annular grooves Rotor body and blade platforms are screwed. In the insertion position of the closure plates, a radial width thereof is smaller than the distance between an edge defining the annular groove of the rotor base body and an edge defining the annular groove of the blade platforms; In contrast, in the mounting position, a radial width of the closure plates is greater than the distance between the edge defining the annular groove of the rotor base body and the edge defining the annular groove of the blade platforms.

Im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein Rotor einer Turbomaschine, insbesondere ein Gasturbinenrotor vorgeschlagen, bei welchem die Verschlussplättchen zur Axialfixierung bzw. Axialsicherung der in Axialnuten über ihre Schaufelfüße geführten Laufschaufeln drachenähnlich ausgebildet sind. Bevorzugt sind die Verschlussplättchen parallelogrammähnlich oder rautenähnlich ausgeführt, wobei Kanten der Verschlussplättchen entweder geradlinig oder kreisbogenförmig verlaufen können und an die Nutdurchmesser angepasst sind. Bedingt durch die erfindungsgemäße Kontur der Verschlussplättchen können dieselben einfach bzw. problemlos zwischen den Rotorgrundkörper und die Schaufelplattformen der Laufschaufeln eingeschoben werden. Zum Einführen derselben in die Ringnuten von Rotorgrundkörper und Laufschaufeln werden die Verschlussplättchen lediglich verdreht. Hierdurch ist es möglich, das Spiel zwischen dem Schaufelfuß der Laufschaufeln und den Axialnuten des Rotorgrundkörpers zu minimieren. Hierdurch erhöht sich die Festigkeit des Schaufelfußes.For the purposes of the present invention, a rotor of a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine rotor is proposed, in which the closure plates for Axialfixierung or axial securing formed in axial grooves on their blade feet blades are formed kite similar. Preferably, the closure plates are designed parallelogram-like or rhombus-like, wherein edges of the closure plates can be either rectilinear or circular arc-shaped and are adapted to the groove diameter. Due to the contour of the closure plates according to the invention, they can be inserted easily or without problems between the rotor base body and the blade platforms of the moving blades. To insert the same into the annular grooves of the rotor base body and rotor blades, the closure plates are merely twisted. This makes it possible to minimize the play between the blade root of the blades and the axial grooves of the rotor body. This increases the strength of the blade root.

Vorzugsweise verläuft in der Montageposition der Verschlussplättchen, in welcher dieselben in die Ringnuten von Rotorgrundkörper und Schaufelplattformen eingedreht sind, eine Verbindungsgerade zwischen zwei in Radialrichtung gegenüberliegenden Eckpunkten eines Verschlussplättchens durch einen Mittelpunkt des Rotorgrundkörpers. Ein Schwerpunkt der Verschlussplättchen ist derart gegenüber der durch den Mittelpunkt des Rotorgrundkörpers verlaufenden Verbindungsgeraden versetzt, dass sich die Verschlussplättchen im Betrieb des Rotors selbsttätig in ihrer Montageposition stabilisieren.Preferably, in the mounting position of the closure plate, in which they are screwed into the annular grooves of the rotor base body and blade platforms, a connecting line between two radially opposite corner points of a closure plate passes through a center of the rotor base body. A focus of the shutter plate is offset from the connecting line extending through the center of the rotor body such that the shutter plates automatically stabilize in their mounting position during operation of the rotor.

Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt:

Fig. 1:
einen Ausschnitt aus einem Gasturbinenrotor nach dem Stand der Technik in perspektivischer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 2:
eine Ansicht auf die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verschlussplättchen des Gasturbinenrotors der Fig. 1;
Fig. 3a-3d:
verschiedene Ansichten eines erfindungsgemäßen Gasturbinenrotors zusammen mit erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Verschlussplättchen;
Fig. 4:
eine weitere Ansicht auf die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Verschlussplättchen;
Fig. 5:
eine weitere Ansicht auf die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Verschlussplättchen; und
Fig. 6:
eine Ansicht auf alternative, erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Verschlussplättchen.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1:
a detail of a gas turbine rotor according to the prior art in a perspective side view;
Fig. 2:
a view of the known from the prior art closure plates of the gas turbine rotor of Fig. 1;
3a-3d:
various views of a gas turbine rotor according to the invention together with inventively designed closure plate;
4:
a further view of the inventively designed closure plate;
Fig. 5:
a further view of the inventively designed closure plate; and
Fig. 6:
a view of alternative, inventively designed closure plates.

Bevor nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 3 bis 6 Ausführungsbeispiele der hier vorliegenden Erfindung in größerem Detail beschrieben werden, soll vorab unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 1 und 2 ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekannter Gasturbinenrotor mit in Axialnuten geführten Schaufelfüßen von Laufschaufeln beschrieben werden.Before describing embodiments of the present invention in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, it will be described in advance, with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a gas turbine rotor known from the prior art having blade roots of rotor blades guided in axial grooves.

Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen einen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Gasturbinenrotor 10, der einen Rotorgrundkörper 11 sowie mehrere Laufschaufeln 12 aufweist. Jede der Laufschaufeln 12 verfügt über ein Schaufelblatt 13 sowie einen Schaufelfuß 14, wobei zwischen dem Schaufelblatt 13 und dem Schaufelfuß 14 eine Schaufelplattform 15 ausgebildet ist. In den Rotorgrundkörper 11 sind mehrere sich in Axialrichtung erstreckende Axialnute 16 eingebracht, wobei jede Laufschaufel 12 mit ihrem Schaufelfuß 14 in einer solchen Axialnut 16 im Rotorgrundkörper 11 verankert ist. Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, können die Axialnute 16 in Umfangsrichtung anstellt sein. Zur Axialfixierung bzw. Axialsicherung der in die Axialnute 16 eingeführten Laufschaufel 12 dienen Verschlussplättchen 17, die auch als Locking Plates bezeichnet werden. Die Verschlussplättchen 17 sind einerseits in einer Ringnut 18 des Rotorgrundkörpers 11 und andererseits in Ringnuten 19 der Schaufelplattformen 15 geführt. Wie Fig. 1 und 2 entnommen werden kann, verfügen die Verschlussplättchen 17 nach dem Stand der Technik über einen rechteckähnlichen Umriss, wodurch es erforderlich ist, zur Einführung der Verschlussplättchen 17 in die Ringnuten 18 bzw. 19 eine oder mehrere Laufschaufeln 12 im vormontierten Rotorverbund in Axialrichtung zu verschieben. Um dabei eine ausreichende axiale Verschiebung einer oder mehrerer Laufschaufeln 12 im Rotorverbund zu ermöglichen, ist nach dem Stand der Technik eine Vergrößerung eines Fußspiels zwischen den Schaufelfüßen 14 und der jeweiligen Axialnut 16 erforderlich, die aus Festigkeitsgründen von Nachteil ist. Dies gilt insbesondere für Laufschaufeln mit Außendeckband und sogenannter Z-Verzahnung im Bereich des Außendeckbands.1 and 2 show a known from the prior art gas turbine rotor 10 having a rotor body 11 and a plurality of blades 12. Each of the rotor blades 12 has an airfoil 13 and a blade root 14, wherein a blade platform 15 is formed between the airfoil 13 and the blade root 14. In the rotor body 11 a plurality of axially extending axial groove 16 are introduced, each blade 12 is anchored with its blade root 14 in such axial groove 16 in the rotor body 11. As shown in FIG. 1, the axial grooves 16 can be set in the circumferential direction. For Axialfixierung or axial securing of the inserted into the axial groove 16 blade 12 serve closure plate 17, which are also referred to as locking plates. The closure plates 17 are guided on the one hand in an annular groove 18 of the rotor base body 11 and on the other hand in annular grooves 19 of the blade platforms 15. 1 and 2, the closure plates 17 according to the prior art have a rectangular-like outline, whereby it is necessary to insert the closure plates 17 in the annular grooves 18 and 19, one or more blades 12 in the pre-assembled rotor assembly in Move axial direction. In order to allow a sufficient axial displacement of one or more blades 12 in the rotor assembly, an enlargement of a foot clearance between the blade roots 14 and the respective axial groove 16 is required in the prior art, which is disadvantageous for reasons of strength. This is especially true for blades with outer cover tape and so-called Z-toothing in the area of the outer cover tape.

Fig. 3a bis 3d zeigen stark schematisiert unterschiedliche Ansichten eines erfindungsgemäßen Gasturbinenrotors 20, der wiederum über einen Rotorgrundkörper 21 sowie mehrere Laufschaufeln 22 verfügt. Jede der Laufschaufeln 22 weist ein Schaufelblatt 23, einen Schaufelfuß 24 sowie eine Schaufelplattform 25 auf, wobei die Schaufelplattform 25 zwischen dem Schaufelfuß 24 und dem Schaufelblatt 23 positioniert ist. Die Laufschaufeln 22 sind mit ihren Schaufelfüßen 24 in Axialnuten 26 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 verankert, wobei eine Axialfixierung bzw. Axialsicherung der Laufschaufeln 22 in den Axialnuten 26 über Verschlussplättchen 27 bewerkstelligt wird. Die Verschlussplättchen 27 greifen hierzu einerseits in eine Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 sowie in Ringnute 29 der Schaufelplattform 25 ein.FIGS. 3a to 3d show highly schematic different views of a gas turbine rotor 20 according to the invention, which in turn has a rotor main body 21 and a plurality of rotor blades 22. Each of the rotor blades 22 has an airfoil 23, a blade root 24 and a blade platform 25, wherein the blade platform 25 is positioned between the blade root 24 and the airfoil 23. The blades 22 are anchored with their blade roots 24 in axial grooves 26 of the rotor body 21, wherein an axial fixation or axial securing of the blades 22 is accomplished in the axial grooves 26 via closure plate 27. For this purpose, the closure plates 27 engage, on the one hand, in an annular groove 28 of the rotor base body 21 and in the annular groove 29 of the blade platform 25.

.Wie Fig. 3a bis 3d entnommen werden kann, wird die Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 durch eine radial innenliegende Kante 30 sowie eine radial außenliegende Kante 31 definiert, die Ringnut 29 der Laufschaufeln 22 wird von einer radial innenliegenden Kante 32 und einer radial außenliegenden Kante 33 definiert. Zur Axialfixierung bzw. Axialsicherung der Laufschaufeln 22 müssen die Verschlussplättchen 27 derart in die Ringnuten 28 und 29 eingreifen, dass in der Projektion eine radial außenliegende Kante 34 der Verschlussplättchen 27 von der radial innenliegenden Kante 32 der Ringnut 29 der Laufschaufeln 22 und eine radial innenliegende Kante 35 der Verschlussplättchen 27 von der radial außenliegenden Kante 31 der Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 verdeckt ist. Zum Einführen der Verschlussplättchen 27 in die Ringnute 28 und 29 müssen dieselben jedoch zwischen der radial außenliegenden Kante 31 der Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 und der radial innenliegenden Kante 32 der Ringnut 29 der Laufschaufel 22 eingefädelt werden.. As can be seen in FIGS. 3 a to 3 d, the annular groove 28 of the rotor main body 21 is defined by a radially inner edge 30 and a radially outer edge 31; the annular groove 29 of the rotor blades 22 is defined by a radially inner edge 32 and a radially outer edge 33 defined. For Axialfixierung or axial securing of the blades 22, the shutter plate 27 must engage in the annular grooves 28 and 29, that in the projection a radially outer edge 34 of the shutter plate 27 of the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22 and a radially inner edge 35 of the closure plate 27 is covered by the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base body 21. For insertion of the closure plate 27 into the annular grooves 28 and 29, however, the same must be threaded between the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blade 22.

Im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Verschlussplättchen 27 einen drachenähnlichen, insbesondere einen parallelogrammähnlichen oder einen rautenähnlichen, Umriss aufweisen, sodass die Verschlussplättchen 27 in einer Einführposition (siehe Fig. 3a und 3b) zwischen den Rotorgrundkörper 21 und die Laufschaufeln 22 einsetzbar sind, nämlich zwischen die radial außenliegende Kante 31 der Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 und die radial innenliegende Kante 32 der Ringnut 29 der Laufschaufeln 22. In einer gegenüber dieser Einführposition verdrehten Montageposition (siehe Fig. 3c) greifen die Verschlussplättchen 27 mit ihren Kanten 34 und 35 in die Ringnuten 28 und 29 ein, ihre Kanten 34 und 35 werden demnach in der Montageposition von der radial außenliegenden Kante 31 der Ringnut 28 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 und der radial innenliegenden Kante 32 der Ringnut 29 der Laufschaufeln 22 verdeckt. Zur Montage der Verschlussplättchen 27 wird im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung so vorgegangen, dass die Verschlussplättchen 27 in ihrer verdrehten Einführposition (siehe Fig. 3a) im Sinne des Pfeils 36 zwischen den Rotorgrundkörper 21 und die Laufschaufel 22 eingeschoben werden, um dann in dieser eingeschobenen Position im Sinne des Pfeils 37 (siehe Fig. 3b) in ihre Montageposition verdreht zu werden. Ein in die Montageposition verdrehtes Verschlussplättchen 27 wird dann im Sinne des Pfeils 38 (siehe Fig. 3c) in Umfangsrichtung verschoben, bis dasselbe an einem bereits montierten Verschlussplättchen 27 zur Anlage kommt. Auf diese Art und Weise in ihre Montageposition verdrehte Verschlussplättchen 27 werden durch mindestens ein plastisch verformbares Abschlusselement 39 fixiert, welches im Sinne des Pfeils 40 (siehe Fig. 3d) in die Ringnuten 28 und 29 eingedrückt wird.For the purposes of the present invention, it is proposed that the closure flakes 27 have a kite-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or diamond-like, outline, so that the closure flakes 27 can be inserted between the rotor base body 21 and the rotor blades 22 in an insertion position (see FIGS. 3 a and 3 b) are, namely between the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor body 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22. In a relation to this insertion rotated position for mounting (see Fig. 3c), the shutter plates 27 engage with their edges 34 and 35 in the annular grooves 28 and 29, their edges 34 and 35 are therefore hidden in the mounting position of the radially outer edge 31 of the annular groove 28 of the rotor base 21 and the radially inner edge 32 of the annular groove 29 of the blades 22. In order to assemble the closure plates 27, in the sense of the present invention, the procedure is such that the closure plates 27 are pushed in their twisted insertion position (see FIG. 3 a) in the direction of the arrow 36 between the rotor base 21 and the rotor blade 22, in order then to be inserted therein Position in the direction of the arrow 37 (see Fig. 3b) to be rotated in its mounting position. A closure plate 27 twisted into the mounting position is then displaced in the circumferential direction in the direction of the arrow 38 (see FIG. 3c) until it comes into contact with an already mounted closure plate 27. Locking plates 27 twisted into their mounting position in this manner are fixed by at least one plastically deformable closing element 39, which is pressed into the annular grooves 28 and 29 in the direction of the arrow 40 (see FIG. 3d).

Wie Fig. 4 entnommen werden kann, verläuft in der Montageposition der Verschlussplättchen 27 eine Verbindungsgerade 41 zwischen zwei sich in Radialrichtung gegenüberliegenden Eckpunkten 42 und 43 eines Verschlussplättchens 27 durch einen nicht-dargestellten Mittelpunkt des Rotorgrundkörpers 21. Ein Schwerpunkt 44 der Verschlussplättchen 27 ist dabei gegenüber der Verbindungsgeraden 41 versetzt.As can be seen in FIG. 4, in the mounting position of the closure plates 27, a connecting line 41 extends between two radially opposite corner points 42 and 43 of a closure plate 27 through a center of the rotor base 21, not shown. A center of gravity 44 of the closure plates 27 is opposite the connecting line 41 offset.

Es liegt im Sinne der hier vorliegenden Erfindung, dass der Schwerpunkt 44 gegenüber der Verbindungsgeraden 41 derart versetzt ist, dass sich die Verschlussplättchen 27 im Betrieb des Rotors selbsttätig in ihrer Montageposition stabilisieren. So visualisiert Fig. 5 mit dem Pfeil 45 auf die Verschlussplättchen 27 während des Betriebs einwirkende Fliehkräfte, die aufgrund der Lage des Schwerpunkts 44 relativ zur Verbindungsgeraden 41 bzw. zum durch den Eckpunkt 43 definierten Drehpunkt der Verschlussplättchen 27 eine Eigenstabilisierung der Verschlussplättchen 27 bei Fliehkrafteinwirkung bewirken. Aufgrund der Lage der Schwerpunkts 44 stabilisiert sich demnach die Lage der Verschlussplättchen 27 selbsttätig, sodass bei Verlust eines einzelnen Verschlussplättchen 27 oder eines Abschlusselements 39 im Betrieb nicht zwangsläufig andere Verschlussplättchen 27 verloren gehen. Dies erhöht die Sicherheit der Axialfixierung der Laufschaufeln 22.It is within the meaning of the present invention that the center of gravity 44 relative to the connecting line 41 is offset such that the shutter plates 27 automatically stabilize in its mounting position during operation of the rotor. Thus, Fig. 5 visualizes with the arrow 45 on the shutter plate 27 during operation centrifugal forces acting due to the position of the center of gravity 44 relative to the connecting line 41 and defined by the corner point 43 pivot point of the shutter plate 27 self-stabilization of the shutter plate 27 at centrifugal force effect , Accordingly, the position of the center of gravity 44 stabilizes the position of the closure plates 27 automatically, so that loss of a single closure plate 27 or a closure element 39 during operation does not necessarily mean that other closure plates 27 are lost. This increases the safety of the axial fixation of the rotor blades 22.

In den Darstellungen der Fig. 4 bis 5 sind die Verschlussplättchen 27 allesamt parallelogrammähnlich mit geradlinig verlaufenden Kanten ausgeführt. Jeweils zwei gegenüberliegende Kanten verlaufen im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander. Wie Fig. 6 zeigt, können die Verschlussplättchen 27 auch kreisbogenförmig verlaufende Kanten aufweisen. Hierdurch ist eine bessere Konturanpassung der Verschlussplättchen 27 an die Ringnuten 28 und 29 möglich, der Fertigungsaufwand der Verschlussplättchen 27 mit kreisbogenförmig verlaufenden Kanten ist jedoch höher als der Fertigungsaufwand für Verschlussplättchen 27 mit geradlinig verlaufenden Kanten.In the illustrations of FIGS. 4 to 5, the closure plates 27 are all designed parallelogram-like with rectilinear edges. Each two opposite edges are essentially parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 6, the closure plates 27 may also have circular arc-shaped edges. As a result, a better contour adjustment of the closure plate 27 to the annular grooves 28 and 29 is possible, the manufacturing cost of the closure plate 27 with circular arc extending edges, however, is higher than the production cost of closure plate 27 with rectilinear edges.

Im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik ist beim erfindungsgemäßen Rotor zur Montage der Verschlussplättchen 27 keine Vergrößerung des Spiels zwischen dem Schaufelfuß 24 der Laufschaufeln 22 und den Axialnuten 26 des Rotorgrundkörpers 21 erforderlich. Hierdurch wird die Festigkeit der Laufschaufeln positiv beeinflusst. Weiterhin sind die Verschlussplättchen leicht montierbar.Compared to the prior art, no enlargement of the clearance between the blade root 24 of the rotor blades 22 and the axial grooves 26 of the rotor base body 21 is required in the rotor according to the invention for mounting the closure plates 27. As a result, the strength of the blades is positively influenced. Furthermore, the closure plates are easy to install.

Claims (9)

  1. Turbomachine rotor, in particular a gas turbine rotor, having a rotor base body (21), said rotor base body (21) having a plurality of axial channels (26) which extend axially or in the direction of through-flow, and having a plurality of rotor blades (22), each rotor blade (22) being anchored in an axial channel (26) by a blade foot (24), and the rotor blades (22) being secured against axial movement in their anchored position in the rotor base body (21) by means of locking plates (27) which are mounted in annular channels (28, 29) in the rotor base body (21) and the rotor blades (22),
    characterised in that
    the locking plates (27) have a kite-like, in particular a parallelogram-like or rhombus-like contour such that they can be placed in an introductory position between the rotor base body (21) and the rotor blades (22) and, in a fitted position rotated in relation to this introductory position, can be screwed into the annular channels (28, 29) in the rotor base body (21) and the rotor blades (22).
  2. Rotor in accordance with claim 1,
    characterised in that
    when the locking plates (27) are in the fitted position in which they are screwed into the annular channels (28, 29) in the rotor base body (21) and the blade platforms (25), a straight line (41) connecting radially opposite corner points (42, 43) of a locking plate (27) run through a centre point of the rotor base body (21).
  3. Rotor in accordance with claim 2,
    characterised in that
    a centre of gravity (44) of the locking plates (27) is offset in relation to the connecting straight line (41) running through the centre point of the rotor base body (21).
  4. Rotor in accordance with claim 3,
    characterised in that
    the centre of gravity (44) of the locking plates (27) is offset in relation to the connecting straight line (41) running through the centre point of the rotor base body (21) in such a manner that the locking plates (27) stabilise themselves automatically in their fitted position when the rotor is in operation.
  5. Rotor in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    edges of the locking plates (27) which themselves define the kite-like, in particular parallelogram-like or rhombus-like contour, run in a straight line.
  6. Rotor in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 4,
    characterised in that
    edges of the locking plates (27) which themselves define the kite-like, in particular parallelogram-like or rhombus-like contour, run in a circular arc.
  7. Rotor in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the locking plates (27) rotated into the fitted position are fixed by means of a plastically deformable closing element (39).
  8. Rotor in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 7,
    characterised in that
    when the locking plates (27) are in the introductory position, their radial width is less than the distance between an edge (31) defining the annular channel (28) in the basic rotor body (21) and an edge (32) defining the annular channel (29) in the blade platforms (25), and in the fitted position the radial width of the of the locking plates (27) is greater than the distance between the edge (31) defining the annular channel (28) in the rotor base body (21) and the edge (32) defining the annular channel (29) in the blade platforms (25).
  9. Gas turbine, in particular an aircraft engine, having at least one rotor in accordance with one or more of claims 1 to 8.
EP05024246A 2004-11-13 2005-11-08 Turbomachine rotor, in particular gas turbine rotor Expired - Fee Related EP1657404B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004054930A DE102004054930A1 (en) 2004-11-13 2004-11-13 Rotor of a turbomachine, in particular gas turbine rotor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1657404A1 EP1657404A1 (en) 2006-05-17
EP1657404B1 true EP1657404B1 (en) 2008-01-02

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US (1) US7306435B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1657404B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004054930A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2298908T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002539350A (en) 1999-03-09 2002-11-19 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト Turbine blade and method of manufacturing the same
ES2321862T3 (en) 2006-09-25 2009-06-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft TURBINE ROTOR WITH LOCK PLATES AND CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE.
EP1916389A1 (en) * 2006-10-26 2008-04-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbine blade assembly
US9109457B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2015-08-18 Siemens Energy, Inc. Axial locking seals for aft removable turbine blade
GB2511584B (en) 2013-05-31 2015-03-11 Rolls Royce Plc A lock plate
CN110578557A (en) * 2019-10-29 2019-12-17 北京动力机械研究所 Turbine blade locking device and assembling method thereof

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043562A (en) * 1961-04-10 1962-07-10 Gen Electric Combination sealing and restraining member for long-shank turbo-machine buckets
FR1536134A (en) * 1966-09-13 1968-08-09 Rolls Royce Paddle rotor
US3501249A (en) * 1968-06-24 1970-03-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Side plates for turbine blades
US3656865A (en) * 1970-07-21 1972-04-18 Gen Motors Corp Rotor blade retainer
US3904317A (en) * 1974-11-27 1975-09-09 Gen Electric Bucket locking mechanism
US5256035A (en) * 1992-06-01 1993-10-26 United Technologies Corporation Rotor blade retention and sealing construction
GB9517369D0 (en) * 1995-08-24 1995-10-25 Rolls Royce Plc Bladed rotor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2298908T3 (en) 2008-05-16
US20060239822A1 (en) 2006-10-26
DE502005002392D1 (en) 2008-02-14
US7306435B2 (en) 2007-12-11
EP1657404A1 (en) 2006-05-17
DE102004054930A1 (en) 2006-05-18

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