EP1654597B1 - Unruh mit thermokompensation - Google Patents

Unruh mit thermokompensation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1654597B1
EP1654597B1 EP04735863A EP04735863A EP1654597B1 EP 1654597 B1 EP1654597 B1 EP 1654597B1 EP 04735863 A EP04735863 A EP 04735863A EP 04735863 A EP04735863 A EP 04735863A EP 1654597 B1 EP1654597 B1 EP 1654597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance
balance wheel
disc
wheel according
circumference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04735863A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1654597A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Gygax
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fore Eagle Co Ltd
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Fore Eagle Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Fore Eagle Co Ltd filed Critical Fore Eagle Co Ltd
Publication of EP1654597A1 publication Critical patent/EP1654597A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1654597B1 publication Critical patent/EP1654597B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/22—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature
    • G04B17/222—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of temperature with balances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
    • G04B18/006—Mechanisms for setting frequency by adjusting the devices fixed on the balance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pendulum of a watch movement made from a material having in particular a low coefficient of thermal expansion, such as diamond.
  • the dimensional variations of a balance due to temperature variations, are one of the major problems of these objects; in fact, these dimensional variations, associated with those of the spiral spring associated with it, are a cause of variation of the oscillation frequency of the balance / hairspring system, respectively a cause of the lack of precision of a clockwork movement in function of the temperature.
  • Means for compensating or correcting these variations have been proposed such as the bimetallic balance used in particular in marine chronometers.
  • the disadvantage of such a rocker is its unfavorable aerodynamic shape causing poor penetration into the air during its oscillation movement and the difficulty of maintaining the center of gravity of the balance on its pivot axis. It can not be installed in a watch movement that must work in any position.
  • a watch movement balance must have a mass as low as possible for as much inertia as possible, while having excellent mechanical strength.
  • a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, a low density and a high mechanical strength these parameters being compared here to those materials usually used for the construction of rockers, as per for example, copper alloys or nickel.
  • non-metallic materials of the carbon group comprising, for example, diamond or else metal oxides including for example corundum such as sapphire or ruby, the list of materials mentioned here being absolutely not exhaustive.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a balance whose characteristics are significantly improved relative to those existing balances, in particular its behavior, respectively its insensitivity to temperature variations and its moment of inertia / mass ratio.
  • the balance 1 consists of a disc 10 obtained for example, by chemical etching using a plasma (Deep reactive ion etching), or by any other method, a diamond plate of generally constant thickness .
  • a rocker pivot 11 is fixed in known manner to the center of the disk 10.
  • a plurality of fastening means 12, eight in the example shown, are arranged on a circumference 120 close to the outer perimeter of the disk 10.
  • Ferrules or weights 2 are fixed on the disc 10 by the known fastening means 12.
  • the rocker 1 is assembled in a known manner to a spiral spring, not shown in the figure so as not to overload, the latter being disposed under the plane of the disc 10 as shown in FIG.
  • the figure 1 shows some examples of execution of the weights 2, it being understood that generally a given balance has only weights 2 of a certain type.
  • the weights 2 are essentially of shape or asymmetrically fixed relative to the circumference 120 on the disk 10.
  • the disk 10 comprises eight weights in the form of elongate elements, as represented for example by the weight 20, and assuming that the balance 1 thus formed is subjected to an increase in temperature, the disc 10 made of very low coefficient of thermal expansion, for example diamond, will see its diameter increase only very slightly.
  • the weights 20, that is to say made of a material with a thermal expansion coefficient that is much larger than that of the material constituting the disc 10, will have their dimensions increase by a ratio higher than that of the record 10.
  • the radius of gyration is the radius of the circumference over which the whole mass m of a pendulum having the same moment of inertia as that considered would be concentrated.
  • the oscillation frequency of the balance 1 also depends on the torque c supplied by the balance spring to said balance, this torque also varies with the temperature.
  • the mass m does not vary with the temperature, the shape, the dimensions and the positioning of the weights 20 will be determined so that for any temperature, the variation of the radius of gyration caused by the variation in diameter of the disk 10 is compensated by a corresponding variation of the radius of gyration caused by the dimensional variations of the weights.
  • the disc 10 expands very slightly, thereby increasing its own radius of gyration. Due to the increased diameter of the disk 10, the attachment points 12 of the weights 20 also move on a circumference 120 of larger diameter.
  • the weights 20 also increase their length, by a factor greater than the increase in diameter of the disc 10 since the coefficient of thermal expansion of the weights 20 is significantly higher than that of the material of the disc 10, and given the asymmetrical arrangement of weights on their attachment point, the portion of the mass of the weight placed on the side of the center of the disk 10 being generally larger than the portion of the mass of the weight placed in the direction of the outer perimeter of the disk, the center of gravity of the each weight moves towards the center of the disc 10, respectively the radius of gyration due solely to the flyweights decreases, partially compensating, completely or overcompensating the variation of the radius of gyration due to the disc.
  • the phenomenon is exactly reversed in the event of a drop in temperature.
  • the positioning of the weights 2 on the disc 10 makes it possible to adjust the thermal coefficient of the balance, respectively of the balance / balance system to a positive, zero or negative value as required.
  • the figure 1 also shows other possible forms of weights 2, it being understood that they are represented only by way of example and in no way limit the possible forms for obtaining the desired effect described above.
  • the flyweight 21 is essentially triangular in shape with rounded corners, since its mass is distributed asymmetrically around its center of gravity, the adjustment of the degree of thermal compensation can be done by rotating the flyweight around its attachment point.
  • the flyweight 22 is common at two attachment points.
  • the weight 23 is in the form of an elongate bar, it can adjust its degree of compensation by varying the angle ⁇ that makes the axis of the weight to the radius of the disc.
  • Another means of adjusting the degree of thermal compensation is shown on the weight 24 which has, for example an oblong hole 240 for adjusting the radial position of the weight.
  • the weights of each pair of two radially opposed weights are adjusted symmetrically, so as not to create unbalance.
  • at least one pair of orientable ferrules 25, generally known in the art, can be added to the device.
  • the flyweights can be cut and formed in order to reduce their friction in the air, as represented by way of example in the figure 2 .
  • the example described above and represented on the figure 1 shows a balance wheel provided with eight attachment points 12 of flyweights. It is understood that the balance wheel may include any number of attachment points, different from eight.
  • Disk 10 is described above and shown as consisting of a solid disk. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in view of the friction in the air caused by the oscillation movements of the balance around its pivot, a balance in the form of a solid disc having a better aerodynamic behavior than a compound beam a center and a serge connected by arms.
  • This form of execution as a solid disc is achievable due to the low density of the material; the realization of a solid disc does not pejorant excessively the mass of the disc 10.
  • openings, as represented in FIG. 13 or 130 can be arranged.
  • the disc 10 may not be absolutely flat and of constant thickness, it may also for example have a serge in the form of a flange on the outer perimeter of the disc.
  • a rocker as described above, according to one or the other of its variants as well as made with one or the other of the materials adapted for this purpose, can be used advantageously with a made spiral it is also made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, such as diamond, as well as with a metal balance spring.
  • the heat coefficient of the balance is then chosen so as to compensate for the thermal expansion of the spiral, low in the case of a diamond spiral and strong in the case of a metal balance spring.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Unruh für ein Uhrwerk, umfassend:
    eine Scheibe (10) aus einer Platte aus einem Werkstoff, der einen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten sowie eine Volumenmasse unter der des Nickels hat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheibe eine Mehrzahl von Befestigungsmitteln (12) umfasst, die auf einem Kreisumfang (120) in der Nähe des Außenumfangs der Scheibe verteilt sind, und
    eine Mehrzahl von Gewichtchen (2, 20, 21, 22, 23.24), wobei jedes an einem der Befestigungsmittel befestigt ist, wobei die Gewichtchen (2, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24) aus einem Werkstoff bestehen, der einen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten über dem des Werkstoffs hat, der die Scheibe bildet,
    wobei die Scheibe (10) durch chemisches Ätzen mit Hilfe eines Plasmas einer Scheibe des Werkstoffs hergestellt wird, der die Scheibe bildet.
  2. Unruh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die Scheibe (10) bildende Werkstoff aus der Kohlenstoffgruppe ist.
  3. Unruh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der die Scheibe (10) bildende Werkstoff aus Gruppe der Metalloxide ist.
  4. Unruh nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff Diamant ist.
  5. Unruh nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff ein Korund wie Saphir oder Rubin ist.
  6. Unruh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jedes Gewichtchen der Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich außerhalb des Kreisumfangs (120) befindet, auf dem die Befestigungsmittel (12) angebracht sind, von dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich innerhalb des Kreisumfangs befindet, unterschiedlich ist.
  7. Unruh nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich außerhalb des Kreisumfangs (120) befindet, auf dem die Befestigungsmittel (12) angebracht sind, und dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich innerhalb des Kreisumfangs befindet, derart ausgewählt ist, dass die Schwankung in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Kreisradius der Unruh null ist, was der Unruh einen Temperaturkoeffizienten null verleiht.
  8. Unruh nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich außerhalb des Kreisumfangs (120) befindet, auf dem die Befestigungsmittel (12) angebracht sind, und dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich innerhalb des Kreisumfangs befindet, derart ausgewählt ist, dass die Schwankung in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Kreisradius der Unruh negativ ist, beziehungsweise dass der Kreisradius bei einer Erhöhung der Temperatur abnimmt, was der Unruh einen negativen Temperaturkoeffizienten verleiht.
  9. Unruh nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einstellung des Verhältnisses zwischen dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich außerhalb des Kreisumfangs (120) befindet, auf dem die Befestigungsmittel (12) angebracht sind, und dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich innerhalb des Kreisumfangs befindet, durch Drehen des Gewichtchens (21, 23) um sein Befestigungsmittel erreicht wird.
  10. Unruh nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einstellung des Verhältnisses zwischen dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich außerhalb des Kreisumfangs (120) befindet, auf dem die Befestigungsmittel (12) angebracht sind, und dem Massenteil des Gewichtchens, der sich innerhalb des Kreisumfangs befindet, durch radiale Verschiebung des Gewichtchens (24) auf seinem Befestigungsmittel erreicht wird.
  11. Unruh nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie weiterhin mindestens ein Paar verstellbare Spiralrollen (25) umfasst, die es erlauben, die Unruh statisch und dynamisch auszuwuchten.
  12. Unruh nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gewichtchen derart zugeschnitten sind, dass sie einen geringen aerodynamischen Widerstand aufweisen.
  13. Unruh nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheibe (10) voll ist.
  14. Unruh nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheibe (10) mindestens eine Öffnung (13, 130) aufweist.
  15. Unruh nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche in Verbindung mit einer Spiralfeder, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis des Trägheitsmoments der Baugruppe dividiert durch das von der Spiralfeder an die Unruh gelieferte Moment eine Konstante ist in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur.
  16. Uhrwerk, das eine Unruh nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche umfasst.
  17. Uhr, die ein Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 16 umfasst.
EP04735863A 2003-08-13 2004-06-03 Unruh mit thermokompensation Expired - Lifetime EP1654597B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH0300547 2003-08-13
CH21322003 2003-12-12
PCT/CH2004/000339 WO2005017631A1 (fr) 2003-08-13 2004-06-03 Balancier thermocompense

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1654597A1 EP1654597A1 (de) 2006-05-10
EP1654597B1 true EP1654597B1 (de) 2009-11-11

Family

ID=34195248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04735863A Expired - Lifetime EP1654597B1 (de) 2003-08-13 2004-06-03 Unruh mit thermokompensation

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1654597B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE448509T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004024076D1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005017631A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2842313B1 (fr) 2002-07-12 2004-10-22 Gideon Levingston Oscilliateur mecanique (systeme balancier et ressort spiral) en materiaux permettant d'atteindre un niveau superieur de precision, applique a un mouvement d'horlogerie ou autre instrument de precision
GB0324439D0 (en) 2003-10-20 2003-11-19 Levingston Gideon R Minimal thermal variation and temperature compensating non-magnetic balance wheels and methods of production of these and their associated balance springs
US8333501B2 (en) 2005-05-14 2012-12-18 Carbontime Limited Balance spring, regulated balance wheel assembly and methods of manufacture thereof
EP2062101A2 (de) 2006-09-08 2009-05-27 Gideon Levingston Thermisch kompensierendes hemmungsrad
CH701155B1 (fr) * 2006-12-27 2010-12-15 Complitime Sa Oscillateur pour pièce d'horlogerie.
JP2010513886A (ja) * 2006-12-21 2010-04-30 コンプリタイム エスアー 時計用メカニカル振動子
CH708925A1 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-06-15 Tgm Développement Sa C O Etude Tissot Pièce mécanique en diamant pour mouvement de montre.
CH708926A3 (fr) 2013-12-05 2015-07-31 Tgm Développement Sa C O Etude Tissot Pièce mécanique en diamant et procédé de fabrication d'une pièce mécanique en diamant pour mouvement de montre.
WO2023036928A1 (fr) * 2021-09-09 2023-03-16 Rolex Sa Élément inertiel pour mouvement horloger
CN115091394B (zh) * 2022-08-22 2022-11-08 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 一种用于无卡度摆轮的定位工装

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH88405A (fr) * 1920-03-15 1921-03-01 Ravey Edouard Balancier de montre.
CH242883A (fr) * 1944-09-21 1946-06-15 Marti Fritz Balancier régulateur pour mouvements d'horlogerie.
US5242711A (en) * 1991-08-16 1993-09-07 Rockwell International Corp. Nucleation control of diamond films by microlithographic patterning
FR2731715B1 (fr) * 1995-03-17 1997-05-16 Suisse Electronique Microtech Piece de micro-mecanique et procede de realisation
ATE412205T1 (de) * 2002-09-25 2008-11-15 Fore Eagle Co Ltd Mechanische teile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004024076D1 (en) 2009-12-24
ATE448509T1 (de) 2009-11-15
WO2005017631A1 (fr) 2005-02-24
EP1654597A1 (de) 2006-05-10

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