EP1654083A1 - Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate and device therefor - Google Patents

Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate and device therefor

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Publication number
EP1654083A1
EP1654083A1 EP04737689A EP04737689A EP1654083A1 EP 1654083 A1 EP1654083 A1 EP 1654083A1 EP 04737689 A EP04737689 A EP 04737689A EP 04737689 A EP04737689 A EP 04737689A EP 1654083 A1 EP1654083 A1 EP 1654083A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
instantaneous
wear
calculated
decision
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04737689A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1654083B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Mutsaarts
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vesuvius Group SA
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Vesuvius Group SA
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Publication date
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Priority claimed from EP03447192.0A external-priority patent/EP1500448A1/en
Application filed by Vesuvius Group SA filed Critical Vesuvius Group SA
Priority to EP04737689A priority Critical patent/EP1654083B1/en
Publication of EP1654083A1 publication Critical patent/EP1654083A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1654083B1 publication Critical patent/EP1654083B1/en
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Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/38—Means for operating the sliding gate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/28—Plates therefor

Definitions

  • the main object of the present invention is a systematic method making it possible to objectively decide whether a refractory plate of a drawer obturator used for controlling the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container to a lower container can be reused or must be discarded.
  • the invention relates to a device provided for this purpose.
  • Most drawer shutters include a set of refractory plates, each provided with at least one pouring orifice, inserted in a mechanism allowing relative movement of the plates while ensuring their compression so that the jet of liquid metal can flow more or less easily through the openings of adjacent plates depending on the throttling rate of the openings.
  • the relative movement of the plates takes place according to a movement of linear translation, rotation or any other trajectory.
  • the relative movement of the plates is generally ensured by the force exerted by a jack (hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical) or also by a motorized drive system.
  • the throttling rate of the plates is constantly adjusted so as to keep the casting conditions (flow rate, height of metal in the lower container, etc.) within the appropriate limits.
  • Such slide shutters can be used for casting from an oven to a pocket or a converter, from a converter to a pocket or from a pocket to a distribution basin.
  • the present invention relates to these different possibilities. For the sake of brevity, however, it will mainly be described in the context of casting from a ladle to a distribution basin.
  • the refractory plates are subjected to numerous and severe stresses which, in the long run, are responsible for their wear.
  • these are thermal stresses (high casting temperature), chemical stresses (composition of the cast metal, slag), mechanical stresses (strangulation intensity, relative number of displacements, etc.), thermomechanical stresses (thermal shock) , etc.
  • certain events and incidents that occurred during casting operations can have a preponderant impact on the state of the refractory plates.
  • This visual inspection is carried out at a so-called "preparation” area (metallurgical vessels) where the metallurgical vessels are arranged so that access to the drawer shutter is easy. It will be noted that this preparation zone is often distant from the casting zone where the casting operations proper are practiced so that, practically, very little information is exchanged between operators of these different zones.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a method for objectively deciding whether a refractory plate of a drawer obturator used for the control of the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container to a lower container can be reused or must be discarded.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the decision to reuse or reject the refractory plate is based on a set of parameters determined, calculated or measured during successive uses of the plate which are then compared , at the time of decision-making, at threshold values.
  • the threshold values are determined according to the local conditions of use; for example, depending on the installation itself, the casting process, the quality of liquid metal poured and the acceptable safety margin.
  • the parameters determined, measured or calculated during casting are representative of the actual wear of the plates and take account of the history of the plates by integrating the data relating to the various events and incidents which may have occurred during their use.
  • This method incorporates a certain number of quantities which are normally available in casting installations (weight of metal in the upper container for example).
  • the method is based on an instant determination of the wear of the plates.
  • the method determines the wear of the throttling lips of the plates by calculating the difference between the measured throttling rate of the shutter and the throttling rate calculated by the laws of physics. This difference in throttling rate can be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plates must be made.
  • the theoretical throttling rate can also be easily calculated as follows.
  • this passage section corresponds to a theoretical throttling rate.
  • the difference between the measured and theoretical throttle rate values provides a measure of wear.
  • the difference in throttling rate can be expressed in terms of length corresponding to the worn part of the lips of the plates. We can then compare this length to a maximum length beyond which the plates must be spread.
  • the method assesses the wear of the throttle lips by calculating the difference between the actual flow calculated for an instantaneous position of the shutter measured by a device suitable for an instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal and the geometry inside of the upper container at a given moment, for a given pouring hole diameter (new plates or used plates) and the same flow rate calculated by the laws of physics.
  • This difference in flow rate can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plates must be made.
  • the method evaluates the radial wear of the plate orifices by calculating the difference between the actual flow rate measured when the shutter is open at full jet, at instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal and the inner geometry of the upper container at that time, and the flow calculated by the laws of physics under the same conditions. This difference in flow rate can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plate must be made.
  • the method can take into account the energy (hydraulic pressure or electric current) consumed for the sliding of the movable plate.
  • This measurement gives an image of the roughness of the sliding surface of the movable plate with respect to the fixed plate or fixed plates (i.e., an image of the wear of the contact surface of the plates) and of the mechanical state of the system or, more generally, an image of the alteration of the relative displacement characteristics of the plates.
  • a plate rejection or plate and shutter inspection threshold may be considered.
  • the method incorporates the time of use of the plates in wear condition.
  • account is taken of the time which has elapsed during which the refractory plates have actually been subject to wear.
  • it is necessary to deduce from the total casting time, the total closing time and the total opening time insofar as, in these two positions, the plates undergo little or no wear.
  • the method according to the invention therefore comprises a step of comparing the time of use of the plate in wear condition with a threshold value.
  • the number of relative movements (linear or rotary) made by the plates is counted. This number of movements can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plate must be made.
  • the accuracy of the decision is improved by integrating the times associated with the incidents. It can be observed that in the event of an unnatural opening of a metallurgical container which requires recourse to the devastating action of a blowtorch, the number of blowtorches required and therefore the intensity and the duration of the uncorking process under action of the torch - and therefore the wear of the resulting plates - are directly proportional to the time during which the orifice of the plate remained blocked.
  • the method takes into account an infiltration of liquid metal between the plates (which can be associated with the fact that the shutter being completely closed, a residual metal flow exists). In the case of a serious incident which could jeopardize the installation, the method gives a signal for the immediate removal of the refractories.
  • each of the events or incidents is assigned a severity index.
  • the decision method integrates two or more of the embodiments (and their variants) set out above: as soon as one of the values compared to its corresponding threshold value is exceeded, a decision to reject the plate is made.
  • one can also decide to provide a "zone of indecision" corresponding to a situation in which no threshold value has been exceeded, but in which one would approach these values for at least two of the parameters.
  • the invention relates to a device intended for the implementation of the method described above. It is therefore a decision-making device for reuse or rejection of a refractory plate of a slide valve used for controlling the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container.
  • the apparatus comprising an input unit connected to sensors, detectors or counters for the introduction of selected quantities, a unit for memorizing threshold values, a calculation unit capable of performing different operations on the quantities introduced via the input unit and compare the quantities or the results of said operations on these quantities with threshold values and an output unit capable of emitting a signal corresponding to the reuse or rejection decision.
  • the device also stores the different quantities linked to a set of plates during its successive uses.
  • each set of plates is clearly identified. This can be done by identifying the set of plates using, for example, bar codes.
  • the set of plates When the set of plates is introduced into the slide valve mounted on a given casting container, the set of plates no longer being visible, it therefore becomes necessary to also identify this container unequivocally so that ( thanks to a link between the identifiers of the set of plates and of the pouring container) the information relating to a set of plates can be retrieved from the identifier of the upper container.
  • the different units of the device can be distant from each other; as the pouring area can be moved away from the preparation area. Therefore, it is also advantageous for the signal transmissions between the different units to be carried out by a computer network, telephony or over the air.
  • Figure 1 a schematic version of the method according to the invention applied to a continuous casting ladle of steel provided with a hydraulically operated slide valve.
  • the storage step in this case consists in entering into the storage unit the various threshold values which have been retained. For example, the values of the casting time, number of relative movements and wear of the lips beyond which a rejection decision must be made or beyond which a visual inspection is recommended are set.
  • the coefficients linked to the incidents are also fixed at this stage, as well as, if necessary, the severity indices. These values can be entered manually, but preferably the device retrieves them from a library, taking into account the local conditions of use.
  • the static acquisition step consists of introducing via the input unit of the system the information relating to the pocket (internal geometry) and to the set of plates (history) to be the subject of the decision.
  • the dynamic acquisition step comprises the acquisition, during all the casting operations, of the different values of the parameters selected. For example, the pouring time of the bag during emptying, the instantaneous weight of the bag, the number of movements, the hydraulic pressure of the jack, the instantaneous position of the end of the jack, etc.
  • the calculation step comprises the calculation of the different values which are not acquired directly by the system, but which it is possible to determine from the acquired values.
  • the processing step comprises the determination of the various incidents (blockage, clogging, infiltration) from the quantities acquired beforehand.
  • the comparison step consists in comparing the quantities thus determined or the quantities acquired with the threshold values contained in the storage unit. These last four steps are repeated throughout the emptying of the bag.
  • the last decision step is implemented.
  • the system emits a signal (visual or audible) corresponding either to a decision to reject or to reuse or to a recommendation to carry out the visual inspection.
  • Figure 2 there is shown schematically a device for the implementation of this method. There is shown a pocket 1 in the casting zone. The pocket is fitted with a linear or rotary drawer shutter 2 and is connected to a decision-making device 4 by a connection 3.
  • the device 4 itself comprises a storage unit, one (or more) unit (s) ) acquisition, calculation, processing and exit. Finally, the device 4 is connected to an output device 6 (here represented by a traffic light) by a connection 5.
  • the connection represented here by a line can be carried out by wiring, radio or other means.
  • the outlet device 6 will be located in the bag preparation area.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Abstract

A method for deciding objectively whether a refractory plate of a slide gate valve used to control the flow of a molten metal during the pouring of the metal from an upper vessel to a lower vessel can be reused or should be discarded. Values of parameters measured during pouring or proper to the plate are determined during successive uses of the plate. The values are compared to threshold values to reach a decision. Also, a device for making decisions according to this method.

Description

Méthode de décision de réutilisation ou de rejet d'une plaque réfractaire et dispositif prévu à cet effet.Method for reuse or rejection of a refractory plate and device provided for this purpose.
[0001] La présente invention a pour objet principal une méthode systématique permettant de décider objectivement si une plaque réfractaire d'un obturateur à tiroir utilisé pour le contrôle du débit d'un métal liquide lors de la coulée dudit métal d'un récipient supérieur vers un récipient inférieur peut être réutilisée ou doit être écartée. Selon un autre de ses aspects, l'invention concerne un dispositif prévu à cet effet.The main object of the present invention is a systematic method making it possible to objectively decide whether a refractory plate of a drawer obturator used for controlling the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container to a lower container can be reused or must be discarded. According to another of its aspects, the invention relates to a device provided for this purpose.
[0002] Dans la coulée, en particulier, la coulée continue, d'un métal a l'état liquide d'un récipient métallurgique supérieur vers un récipient inférieur, il est nécessaire de pouvoir assurer un certain contrôle sur l'écoulement du métal et en particulier sur le débit de coulée. Divers moyens utilisés à cet effet sont connus: les moyens internes tels que la quenouille ou les moyens externes, tels que les obturateurs à tiroir (linéaires ou rotatifs).In casting, in particular, continuous casting, of a metal in the liquid state from an upper metallurgical container to a lower container, it is necessary to be able to provide some control over the flow of the metal and in particular on the flow rate. Various means used for this purpose are known: internal means such as the stopper rod or external means, such as shutters with drawers (linear or rotary).
[0003] La plupart des obturateurs à tiroir comprennent un jeu de plaques réfractaires, pourvues chacune d'au moins un orifice de coulée, insérées dans un mécanisme permettant un déplacement relatif des plaques tout en assurant leur compression en sorte que le jet de métal liquide puisse plus ou moins aisément s'écouler au travers des orifices de plaques adjacentes en fonction du taux d'étranglement des orifices. Dans les mécanismes connus, le déplacement relatif des plaques (dont au moins une est mobile et au moins une est fixe ou stationnaire) s'effectue selon un mouvement de translation linéaire, de rotation ou toute autre trajectoire. Le déplacement relatif des plaques est généralement assuré par la force exercée par un vérin (hydraulique, pneumatique ou électromécanique) ou encore par un système d'entraînement motorisé. Tout au long de la coulée, le taux d'étranglement des plaques est constamment ajusté en sorte de maintenir les conditions de coulée (débit, hauteur de métal dans le récipient inférieur, etc.) dans les limites appropriées.Most drawer shutters include a set of refractory plates, each provided with at least one pouring orifice, inserted in a mechanism allowing relative movement of the plates while ensuring their compression so that the jet of liquid metal can flow more or less easily through the openings of adjacent plates depending on the throttling rate of the openings. In known mechanisms, the relative movement of the plates (at least one of which is mobile and at least one of which is fixed or stationary) takes place according to a movement of linear translation, rotation or any other trajectory. The relative movement of the plates is generally ensured by the force exerted by a jack (hydraulic, pneumatic or electromechanical) or also by a motorized drive system. Throughout the casting, the throttling rate of the plates is constantly adjusted so as to keep the casting conditions (flow rate, height of metal in the lower container, etc.) within the appropriate limits.
[0004] De tels obturateurs à tiroir peuvent être mis en œuvre pour la coulée depuis un four vers une poche ou un convertisseur, depuis un convertisseur vers une poche ou depuis une poche vers un bassin répartiteur. La présente invention concerne ces différentes possibilités. Pour des raisons de concision, elle va toutefois être principalement décrite dans le contexte de la coulée depuis une poche vers un bassin répartiteur.Such slide shutters can be used for casting from an oven to a pocket or a converter, from a converter to a pocket or from a pocket to a distribution basin. The present invention relates to these different possibilities. For the sake of brevity, however, it will mainly be described in the context of casting from a ladle to a distribution basin.
[0005] Au cours des opérations de coulée, les plaques réfractaires sont soumises à de nombreuses et sévères sollicitations qui, à la longue, sont responsables de leur usure. En particulier, il s'agit de sollicitations thermiques (température de coulée élevée), chimiques (composition du métal coulé, du laitier), mécaniques (intensité de l'étranglement, nombres de déplacements relatifs, etc.), thermomécaniques (choc thermique), etc. En outre certains événements et incidents survenus pendant les opérations de coulée peuvent avoir un impact prépondérant sur l'état des plaques réfractaires. Ainsi, en cas d'ouverture non naturelle du récipient supérieur ou en cas de colmatage de l'orifice pendant la coulée, il peut être nécessaire de recourir à l'utilisation du chalumeau ou autres baguettes thermiques afin de déboucher l'orifice de coulée de la plaque. Un tel recours au chalumeau est bien entendu désastreux en ce qui concerne l'état de la plaque. Toutes ces sollicitations génèrent une usure radiale de l'orifice de coulée, une érosion des lèvres d'étranglement (portion de la périphérie de l'orifice utilisée pour réaliser l'étranglement du jet de métal liquide), des fissures de toutes sortes, une désagrégation ou la fusion plus ou moins importante du matériau réfractaire voire même la pénétration de corps étrangers au sein du matériau réfractaire.[0005] During casting operations, the refractory plates are subjected to numerous and severe stresses which, in the long run, are responsible for their wear. In particular, these are thermal stresses (high casting temperature), chemical stresses (composition of the cast metal, slag), mechanical stresses (strangulation intensity, relative number of displacements, etc.), thermomechanical stresses (thermal shock) , etc. In addition, certain events and incidents that occurred during casting operations can have a preponderant impact on the state of the refractory plates. Thus, in the event of unnatural opening of the upper container or in the event of clogging of the orifice during casting, it may be necessary to resort to the use of the torch or other thermal rods in order to unclog the plate pouring hole. Such use of the torch is of course disastrous with regard to the condition of the plate. All these stresses generate a radial wear of the pouring orifice, an erosion of the throttling lips (portion of the periphery of the orifice used to effect the throttling of the jet of liquid metal), cracks of all kinds, a more or less significant disintegration or fusion of the refractory material or even the penetration of foreign bodies within the refractory material.
[0006] Ces dernières années, la qualité des matériaux réfractaires mis en œuvre pour la fabrication de telles plaques ainsi que l'optimalisation de leur forme a permis d'augmenter considérablement leur durée de vie, en sorte qu'après une première utilisation dans un obturateur à tiroir lors de la coulée d'un récipient supérieur vers un récipient inférieur, il est actuellement possible de réutiliser ces plaques un certain nombre de fois. [0007] Après chaque utilisation d'un jeu de plaques réfractaires, il est donc nécessaire de décider si ces plaques peuvent être réutilisées ou doivent être rejetées. La méthode généralement pratiquée dans l'industrie métallurgique consiste à procéder à une inspection visuelle de ces plaques réfractaires, la décision reposant essentiellement sur l'aspect des plaques. Cette inspection visuelle est pratiquée au niveau d'une zone dite de "préparation" (des récipients métallurgiques) où les récipients métallurgiques sont disposés de manière à ce que l'accès à l'obturateur à tiroir soit aisé. On notera que cette zone de préparation est souvent éloignée de la zone de coulée où sont pratiquées les opérations de coulée proprement dites en sorte que, pratiquement, très peu d'informations sont échangées entre opérateurs de ces différentes zones.In recent years, the quality of the refractory materials used for the manufacture of such plates as well as the optimization of their shape has considerably increased their lifespan, so that after a first use in a drawer shutter when pouring from an upper container to a lower container, it is currently possible to reuse these plates a certain number of times. [0007] After each use of a set of refractory plates, it is therefore necessary to decide whether these plates can be reused or must be rejected. The method generally practiced in the metallurgical industry consists in carrying out a visual inspection of these refractory plates, the decision resting essentially on the appearance of the plates. This visual inspection is carried out at a so-called "preparation" area (metallurgical vessels) where the metallurgical vessels are arranged so that access to the drawer shutter is easy. It will be noted that this preparation zone is often distant from the casting zone where the casting operations proper are practiced so that, practically, very little information is exchanged between operators of these different zones.
[0008] Les conditions dans lesquelles s'opère l'inspection visuelle des plaques sont loin d'être optimales. Les plaques ne sont en effet visibles qu'au travers de l'orifice de coulée, ce qui ne permet donc pas d'inspecter l'état des surfaces de glissement où les dégradations sont justement les plus marquées. Dans la plupart des cas, le démontage partiel de l'obturateur à cette occasion est proscrit dans la mesure où il occasionne une surconsommation de main d'oeuvre et une perte de temps importante et surtout, dans la mesure où un tel démontage provoque un choc thermique très important au niveau des plaques. [0009] L'inspection visuelle est donc réalisée par un opérateur possédant une certaine expertise dans ce domaine particulier, car sa décision quant à la réutilisation éventuelle ou le rejet d'une plaque réfractaire est cruciale. La réutilisation d'une plaque détériorée peut en effet entraîner un accident très grave (infiltration) pouvant mettre en danger la sécurité des opérateurs ou, à tous le moins, endommager très sérieusement l'installation de coulée. D'autre part, le rejet prématuré d'une plaque entraîne des conséquences économiques (augmentation des coûts de production) et environnementales (augmentation de la quantité de déchets) non négligeables. Cette décision est très subjective et dépend grandement de l'expérience et de la compétence de l'opérateur.The conditions under which the visual inspection of the plates takes place are far from optimal. The plates are in fact visible only through the pouring orifice, which therefore does not allow the condition of the sliding surfaces to be inspected where the damage is precisely the most marked. In most cases, partial disassembly of the shutter on this occasion is prohibited insofar as it causes excessive consumption of labor and a significant loss of time and above all, insofar as such disassembly causes a shock thermal very important at the level of the plates. Visual inspection is therefore carried out by an operator with some expertise in this particular field, because his decision as to the possible reuse or rejection of a refractory plate is crucial. The re-use of a deteriorated plate can indeed lead to a very serious accident (infiltration) which could endanger the safety of operators or, at the very least, seriously damage the casting installation. On the other hand, the premature rejection of a plate entails significant economic (increase in production costs) and environmental (increase in the quantity of waste) consequences. This decision is very subjective and depends greatly on the experience and skill of the operator.
[0010] Selon un premier de ses objets, la présente invention a donc pour objet une méthode permettant de décider objectivement si une plaque réfractaire d'un obturateur à tiroir utilisé pour le contrôle du débit d'un métal liquide lors de la coulée dudit métal d'un récipient supérieur vers un récipient inférieur peut être réutilisée ou doit être écartée.According to a first of its objects, the present invention therefore relates to a method for objectively deciding whether a refractory plate of a drawer obturator used for the control of the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container to a lower container can be reused or must be discarded.
[0011] On notera que dans le cadre de la présente description, lorsque l'on se réfère à l'usure d'une plaque, on considère en réalité l'usure d'une face de travail d'une plaque dès lors que, si ladite plaque possède deux faces de travail, il peut être possible d'utiliser indépendamment les deux faces d'une plaque comme décrit dans le brevet EP-B1-817692.It will be noted that in the context of the present description, when reference is made to the wear of a plate, we actually consider the wear of a working face of a plate when, if said plate has two working faces, it may be possible to use the two faces of a plate independently as described in patent EP-B1-817692.
[0012] La méthode selon l'invention se caractérise par le fait que la décision de réutilisation ou de rejet de la plaque réfractaire est basée sur un ensemble de paramètres déterminés, calculés ou mesurés au cours des utilisations successives de la plaque qui sont ensuite comparés, au moment de la prise de décision, à des valeurs de seuil.The method according to the invention is characterized in that the decision to reuse or reject the refractory plate is based on a set of parameters determined, calculated or measured during successive uses of the plate which are then compared , at the time of decision-making, at threshold values.
[0013] Les valeurs seuils sont déterminées en fonction des conditions locales d'utilisation; par exemple, en fonction de l'installation proprement dite, du processus de coulée, de la qualité de métal liquide coulé et de la marge de sécurité acceptable. [0014] Les paramètres déterminés, mesurés ou calculés pendant la coulée sont représentatifs de l'usure réelle des plaques et tiennent compte de l'historique des plaques en intégrant les données relatives aux divers événements et incidents pouvant être survenus pendant leur utilisation. Cette méthode intègre un certain nombre de grandeurs qui sont normalement disponibles dans les installations de coulées (poids de métal dans le récipient supérieur par exemple). [0015] Selon un premier mode de réalisation de la présente invention, la méthode est basée sur une détermination instantanée de l'usure des plaques.The threshold values are determined according to the local conditions of use; for example, depending on the installation itself, the casting process, the quality of liquid metal poured and the acceptable safety margin. The parameters determined, measured or calculated during casting are representative of the actual wear of the plates and take account of the history of the plates by integrating the data relating to the various events and incidents which may have occurred during their use. This method incorporates a certain number of quantities which are normally available in casting installations (weight of metal in the upper container for example). According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the method is based on an instant determination of the wear of the plates.
[0016] Selon une première variante de ce mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, la méthode détermine l'usure des lèvres d'étranglement des plaques par le calcul de la différence entre le taux d'étranglement mesuré de l'obturateur et le taux d'étranglement calculé par les lois de la physique. Cette différence de taux d'étranglement peut être comparée à une valeur seuil au-delà de laquelle une décision de rejet des plaques doit être prise. [0017] On peut mesurer le taux d'étranglement réel par exemple au moyen d'un transducteur relié au dispositif de déplacement des plaques renseignant le déplacement relatif des plaques. On peut en outre calculer aisément le taux d'étranglement théorique de la manière suivante. Il est également possible de calculer la surface de la section de passage du métal liquide correspondant à un débit instantané mesuré et une pression ferrostatique que l'on calcule en fonction du poids instantané de métal dans le récipient supérieur et de la géométrie intérieure dudit récipient. Pour un diamètre de l'orifice de coulée déterminé (plaques neuves ou plaques usagées), cette section de passage correspond à un taux d'étranglement théorique. La différence entre les valeurs du taux d'étranglement mesuré et théorique fournit une mesure de l'usure. Ainsi, la différence de taux d'étranglement peut être exprimée en termes de longueur correspondant à la partie usée des lèvres des plaques. On peut alors comparer cette longueur à une longueur maximale au-delà de laquelle les plaques doivent être écartées. [0018] Selon une variante de ce mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la méthode évalue l'usure des lèvres d'étranglement par le calcul de la différence entre le débit réel calculé pour une position instantanée de l'obturateur mesurée par un dispositif approprié pour une pression ferrostatique instantanée calculée en fonction du poids de métal instantané et de la géométrie intérieure du récipient supérieur à un moment déterminé, pour un diamètre d'orifice de coulée déterminé (plaques neuves ou plaques usagées) et le même débit calculé par les lois de la physique. Cette différence de débit peut également être comparée à une valeur seuil au- delà de laquelle une décision de rejet des plaques doit être prise.According to a first variant of this particular embodiment of the invention, the method determines the wear of the throttling lips of the plates by calculating the difference between the measured throttling rate of the shutter and the throttling rate calculated by the laws of physics. This difference in throttling rate can be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plates must be made. We can measure the actual throttling rate for example by means of a transducer connected to the plate movement device indicating the relative movement of the plates. The theoretical throttling rate can also be easily calculated as follows. It is also possible to calculate the area of the liquid metal passage section corresponding to a measured instantaneous flow rate and a ferrostatic pressure which is calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal in the upper container and the internal geometry of said container. For a determined diameter of the pouring orifice (new plates or used plates), this passage section corresponds to a theoretical throttling rate. The difference between the measured and theoretical throttle rate values provides a measure of wear. Thus, the difference in throttling rate can be expressed in terms of length corresponding to the worn part of the lips of the plates. We can then compare this length to a maximum length beyond which the plates must be spread. According to a variant of this particular embodiment of the invention, the method assesses the wear of the throttle lips by calculating the difference between the actual flow calculated for an instantaneous position of the shutter measured by a device suitable for an instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal and the geometry inside of the upper container at a given moment, for a given pouring hole diameter (new plates or used plates) and the same flow rate calculated by the laws of physics. This difference in flow rate can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plates must be made.
[0019] Selon une autre variante, la méthode évalue l'usure radiale des orifices de plaques en calculant la différence entre le débit réel mesuré lorsque l'obturateur est ouvert à plein jet, à pression ferrostatique instantanée calculée en fonction du poids de métal instantané et de la géométrie intérieure du récipient supérieur à ce moment, et le débit calculé par les lois de la physique dans les mêmes conditions. Cette différence de débit peut également être comparée à une valeur seuil au-delà de laquelle une décision de rejet de la plaque doit être prise. [0020] Selon encore une autre variante de ce mode de réalisation, la méthode peut tenir compte de l'énergie (pression hydraulique ou courant électrique) consommée pour le coulissement de la plaque mobile. Cette mesure donne une image de la rugosité de la surface de glissement de la plaque mobile par rapport à la plaque fixe ou aux plaques fixes (c'est-à-dire, une image de l'usure de la surface de contact des plaques) et de l'état mécanique du système ou, d'une manière plus générale, une image de l'altération des caractéristiques de déplacement relatif des plaques. Un seuil de rejet des plaques ou d'inspection des plaques et de l'obturateur peut être considéré.According to another variant, the method evaluates the radial wear of the plate orifices by calculating the difference between the actual flow rate measured when the shutter is open at full jet, at instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal and the inner geometry of the upper container at that time, and the flow calculated by the laws of physics under the same conditions. This difference in flow rate can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plate must be made. According to yet another variant of this embodiment, the method can take into account the energy (hydraulic pressure or electric current) consumed for the sliding of the movable plate. This measurement gives an image of the roughness of the sliding surface of the movable plate with respect to the fixed plate or fixed plates (i.e., an image of the wear of the contact surface of the plates) and of the mechanical state of the system or, more generally, an image of the alteration of the relative displacement characteristics of the plates. A plate rejection or plate and shutter inspection threshold may be considered.
[0021] Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, la méthode intègre le temps d'utilisation des plaques en condition d'usure. En d'autres termes, l'on tient compte du temps écoulé pendant lequel les plaques réfractaires ont réellement subi une usure. A cette fin, il convient de déduire du temps de coulée total, le temps de fermeture totale et le temps d'ouverture totale dans la mesure où, dans ces deux positions, les plaques ne subissent que peu ou pas d'usure. Il est bien entendu que le temps d'utilisation des plaques en condition d'usure cumule tous les temps écoulés au cours des utilisations successives des plaques. La méthode selon l'invention comprend donc une étape de comparaison du temps d'utilisation de la plaque en condition d'usure avec une valeur de seuil.According to a second particular embodiment of the invention, the method incorporates the time of use of the plates in wear condition. In other words, account is taken of the time which has elapsed during which the refractory plates have actually been subject to wear. To this end, it is necessary to deduce from the total casting time, the total closing time and the total opening time insofar as, in these two positions, the plates undergo little or no wear. It is understood that the time of use of the plates in wear condition cumulates all the times elapsed during successive uses of the plates. The method according to the invention therefore comprises a step of comparing the time of use of the plate in wear condition with a threshold value.
[0022] Selon une variante de ce mode de réalisation de la présente invention, on comptabilise le nombre de mouvements relatifs (linéaires ou rotatifs) effectués par les plaques. Ce nombre de mouvements peut également être comparé à une valeur seuil au-delà de laquelle une décision de rejet de la plaque doit être prise. [0023] Selon une variante avantageuse du même mode de réalisation, on améliore la précision de la décision en intégrant les temps liés aux incidents. On peut observer qu'en cas d'ouverture non naturelle d'un récipient métallurgique qui nécessite de recourir à l'action dévastatrice d'un chalumeau, le nombre de chalumeaux nécessaires et donc l'intensité et la durée du processus de débouchage sous l'action du chalumeau - et donc l'usure des plaques en résultant - sont directement proportionnels au temps pendant lequel l'orifice de la plaque est resté bouché. On peut dès lors tenir compte d'une ouverture non naturelle du récipient supérieur en multipliant le temps de non-ouverture (donc, le temps pendant lequel l'orifice de la plaque est resté bouché) par un facteur donné (par exemple un facteur 4). On peut encore affiner cette prise en compte en déduisant le temps moyen écoulé avant l'intervention des opérateurs du chalumeau (par exemple 2 minutes). On peut également tenir compte du temps d'inactivité des plaques entre deux utilisations successives qui ne peut dépasser un certain seuil.According to a variant of this embodiment of the present invention, the number of relative movements (linear or rotary) made by the plates is counted. This number of movements can also be compared to a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plate must be made. According to an advantageous variant of the same embodiment, the accuracy of the decision is improved by integrating the times associated with the incidents. It can be observed that in the event of an unnatural opening of a metallurgical container which requires recourse to the devastating action of a blowtorch, the number of blowtorches required and therefore the intensity and the duration of the uncorking process under action of the torch - and therefore the wear of the resulting plates - are directly proportional to the time during which the orifice of the plate remained blocked. We can therefore take into account an unnatural opening of the upper container by multiplying the time of non-opening (therefore, the time during which the orifice of the plate remained blocked) by a given factor (for example a factor of 4 ). We can further refine this taking into account by deducting the average time elapsed before the intervention of the operators of the torch (for example 2 minutes). One can also take into account the time of inactivity of the plates between two successive uses which cannot exceed a certain threshold.
[0024] Sur base du même principe, on peut également tenir compte d'un colmatage de l'orifice de coulée survenu pendant la coulée. Un tel événement nécessite généralement la prise de mesures d'interventions très sévères afin de reprendre les opérations de coulée. On peut dès lors tenir compte d'un colmatage de l'orifice de coulée en multipliant le temps de colmatage (donc, le temps pendant lequel l'orifice de la plaque est resté bouché) par un facteur donné (par exemple un facteur 8). [0025] Selon une variante de réalisation dérivée, la méthode tient compte d'une infiltration de métal liquide entre les plaques (que l'on peut associer au fait que l'obturateur étant complètement fermé, un débit de métal résiduel existe). S'agissant d'un incident grave pouvant mettre en péril l'installation, la méthode donne un signal de mise hors service immédiate des réfractaires.On the basis of the same principle, one can also take into account a clogging of the pouring orifice which occurred during casting. Such an event generally requires the taking of very severe intervention measures in order to resume casting operations. We can therefore take into account a clogging of the pouring orifice by multiplying the clogging time (therefore, the time during which the orifice of the plate remained blocked) by a given factor (for example a factor 8) . According to a derivative embodiment, the method takes into account an infiltration of liquid metal between the plates (which can be associated with the fact that the shutter being completely closed, a residual metal flow exists). In the case of a serious incident which could jeopardize the installation, the method gives a signal for the immediate removal of the refractories.
[0026] Selon une variante de l'invention, chacun des événements ou incidents se voit attribuer un indice de gravité. En intégrant chaque événement ou incident pondéré par son indice de gravité, on obtient une valeur représentative des événements et incidents survenus et qui peut également être comparée à une valeur seuil au-delà de laquelle une décision de rejet de la plaque doit être prise. [0027] Selon un troisième mode de réalisation particulièrement avantageux, la méthode de décision intègre deux ou plus des modes de réalisation (et leurs variantes) exposés ci-avant: dès que l'une des valeurs comparée à sa valeur seuil correspondante est dépassée, une décision de rejet de la plaque est prise. Enfin, dans ce cas, on peut également décider de prévoir une "zone d'indécision" correspondant à une situation dans laquelle aucune valeur seuil n'aurait été dépassée, mais dans laquelle on se rapprocherait de ces valeurs pour au moins deux des paramètres. Lorsque la méthode conduit à une indécision, il peut être décidé de recourir exceptionnellement à l'inspection visuelle.According to a variant of the invention, each of the events or incidents is assigned a severity index. By integrating each event or incident weighted by its severity index, one obtains a value representative of the events and incidents that have occurred and which can also be compared with a threshold value beyond which a decision to reject the plate must be taken. According to a third particularly advantageous embodiment, the decision method integrates two or more of the embodiments (and their variants) set out above: as soon as one of the values compared to its corresponding threshold value is exceeded, a decision to reject the plate is made. Finally, in this case, one can also decide to provide a "zone of indecision" corresponding to a situation in which no threshold value has been exceeded, but in which one would approach these values for at least two of the parameters. When the method leads to indecision, it may be decided to exceptionally use visual inspection.
[0028] Selon un autre de ses aspects, l'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à la mise en œuvre de la méthode exposée ci-avant. Il s'agit donc d'un dispositif de prise de décision de réutilisation ou de rejet d'une plaque réfractaire d'un obturateur à tiroir utilisé pour le contrôle du débit d'un métal liquide pendant la coulée dudit métal d'un récipient supérieur vers un récipient inférieur, l'appareil comprenant une unité d'entrée reliée à des capteurs, détecteurs ou compteurs pour l'introduction de grandeurs choisies, une unité de mémorisation de valeurs seuil, une unité de calcul capable d'effectuer différentes opérations sur les grandeurs introduites via l'unité d'entrée et de comparer les grandeurs ou les résultats desdites opérations sur ces grandeurs avec les valeurs seuil et une unité de sortie capable d'émettre un signal correspondant à la décision de réutilisation ou de rejet.According to another of its aspects, the invention relates to a device intended for the implementation of the method described above. It is therefore a decision-making device for reuse or rejection of a refractory plate of a slide valve used for controlling the flow of a liquid metal during the pouring of said metal from an upper container. towards a lower receptacle, the apparatus comprising an input unit connected to sensors, detectors or counters for the introduction of selected quantities, a unit for memorizing threshold values, a calculation unit capable of performing different operations on the quantities introduced via the input unit and compare the quantities or the results of said operations on these quantities with threshold values and an output unit capable of emitting a signal corresponding to the reuse or rejection decision.
[0029] Avantageusement, le dispositif mémorise également les différentes grandeurs liées à un jeu de plaques au cours des ses utilisations successives. Pour ce faire, il est préférable que chaque jeu de plaques soit identifié de manière univoque. Ceci peut se faire en identifiant le jeu de plaques au moyen, par exemple, de codes à barres. Au moment où le jeu de plaques est introduit dans l'obturateur à tiroir monté sur un récipient de coulée donné, le jeu de plaques n'étant plus visible, il devient donc nécessaire d'identifier également ce récipient de manière univoque en sorte que (grâce à un lien entre les identifiants du jeu de plaques et du récipient de coulée) l'information relative à un jeu de plaques puisse être retrouvée à partir de l'identifiant du récipient supérieur.Advantageously, the device also stores the different quantities linked to a set of plates during its successive uses. To do this, it is preferable that each set of plates is clearly identified. This can be done by identifying the set of plates using, for example, bar codes. When the set of plates is introduced into the slide valve mounted on a given casting container, the set of plates no longer being visible, it therefore becomes necessary to also identify this container unequivocally so that ( thanks to a link between the identifiers of the set of plates and of the pouring container) the information relating to a set of plates can be retrieved from the identifier of the upper container.
[0030] On notera que les différentes unités du dispositif peuvent être éloignées les unes des autres; comme la zone de coulée peut être éloignée de la zone de préparation. Dès lors, il est également avantageux que les transmissions de signaux entre les différentes unités soient réalisées par un réseau informatique, téléphonie ou voie hertzienne.Note that the different units of the device can be distant from each other; as the pouring area can be moved away from the preparation area. Therefore, it is also advantageous for the signal transmissions between the different units to be carried out by a computer network, telephony or over the air.
[0031] Enfin, on notera que l'information générée par la mise en œuvre de la méthode selon l'invention et/ou l'utilisation du dispositif peut également être exploitée dans le cadre de la gestion de la consommation et du réapprovisionnement des plaques. [0032] L'invention va maintenant être décrite au moyen des figures 1 et 2. On a représenté à la figure 1 une version schématisée de la méthode selon l'invention appliquée à une poche de coulée continue de l'acier munie d'une valve à tiroir à commande hydraulique. L'étape de mémorisation consiste dans ce cas à entrer dans l'unité de mémorisation les différentes valeurs seuil qui ont été retenues. Par exemple, on fixera les valeurs du temps de coulée, nombre de mouvements relatifs et usure des lèvres au-delà desquelles une décision de rejet doit être prise ou au-delà desquelles une inspection visuelle est recommandée. On fixe également à ce stade les coefficients liés aux incidents (bouchage, colmatage, infiltration, etc.), ainsi que, le cas échéant, les indices de gravité. Ces valeurs peuvent être introduites manuellement, mais de préférence le dispositif les récupère dans une bibliothèque en tenant compte des conditions locales d'utilisation. [0033] L'étape d'acquisition statique consiste à introduire via l'unité d'entrée du système les informations relatives à la poche (géométrie interne) et au jeu de plaques (historique) devant faire l'objet de la décision.Finally, it will be noted that the information generated by the implementation of the method according to the invention and / or the use of the device can also be used in the context of consumption management and the replenishment of the plates . The invention will now be described by means of Figures 1 and 2. There is shown in Figure 1 a schematic version of the method according to the invention applied to a continuous casting ladle of steel provided with a hydraulically operated slide valve. The storage step in this case consists in entering into the storage unit the various threshold values which have been retained. For example, the values of the casting time, number of relative movements and wear of the lips beyond which a rejection decision must be made or beyond which a visual inspection is recommended are set. The coefficients linked to the incidents (blockage, clogging, infiltration, etc.) are also fixed at this stage, as well as, if necessary, the severity indices. These values can be entered manually, but preferably the device retrieves them from a library, taking into account the local conditions of use. The static acquisition step consists of introducing via the input unit of the system the information relating to the pocket (internal geometry) and to the set of plates (history) to be the subject of the decision.
[0034] Les quatre étapes suivantes sont mises en œuvre pendant les opérations de coulée. L'étape d'acquisition dynamique comprend l'acquisition, pendant toutes les opérations de coulées des différentes valeurs des paramètres retenus. Par exemple, le temps de coulée de la poche en cours de vidange, le poids instantané de la poche, le nombre de mouvements, la pression hydraulique du vérin, la position instantanée de l'extrémité du vérin, etc. [0035] L'étape de calcul comprend le calcul des différentes valeurs qui ne sont pas acquises directement par le système, mais qu'il est possible de déterminer à partir des valeurs acquises. Il s'agit du débit (variation instantanée du poids de métal dans la poche), de la géométrie instantanée de la poche (calculée à partir de la géométrie initiale en tenant compte de l'usure théorique du revêtement), de la pression ferrostatique théorique (calculée à partir de la géométrie instantanée et du poids de métal dans la poche), de la différence entre la position mesurée du vérin et sa position théorique, de la différence instantanée entre le débit mesuré et le débit théorique, etc.The following four steps are implemented during the casting operations. The dynamic acquisition step comprises the acquisition, during all the casting operations, of the different values of the parameters selected. For example, the pouring time of the bag during emptying, the instantaneous weight of the bag, the number of movements, the hydraulic pressure of the jack, the instantaneous position of the end of the jack, etc. The calculation step comprises the calculation of the different values which are not acquired directly by the system, but which it is possible to determine from the acquired values. These are the flow rate (instantaneous variation of the weight of metal in the pocket), the instantaneous geometry of the pocket (calculated from the initial geometry taking into account the theoretical wear of the coating), the theoretical ferrostatic pressure (calculated from the instantaneous geometry and the weight of metal in the pocket), the difference between the measured position of the cylinder and its theoretical position, the instantaneous difference between the measured flow and the theoretical flow, etc.
[0036] L'étape de traitement comprend la détermination des différents incidents (bouchage, colmatage, infiltration) à partir des grandeurs acquises au préalable. [0037] Enfin, l'étape de comparaison consiste à comparer les grandeurs ainsi déterminées ou les grandeurs acquises avec les valeurs seuil contenues dans l'unité de mémorisation. Ces quatre dernières étapes sont reproduites tout au long de la vidange de la poche. [0038] Lorsque la poche quitte la zone de coulée, la dernière étape de décision est mise en œuvre. Le système émet un signal (visuel ou sonore) correspondant soit à une décision de rejeter ou de réutiliser soit à une recommandation de procéder à l'inspection visuelle. [0039] A la figure 2, on a schématisé un dispositif permettant la mise en œuvre de ce procédé. On y a représenté une poche 1 en zone de coulée. La poche est munie d'un obturateur à tiroir 2 linéaire ou rotatif et est relié à un dispositif 4 de prise de décision par une connexion 3. Le dispositif 4 lui-même comprend une unité de mémorisation, une (ou plusieurs) unité(s) d'acquisition, de calcul, de traitement et de sortie. Enfin, le dispositif 4 est connecté à un dispositif de sortie 6 (ici représenté par un feu tricolore) par une connexion 5. La connexion représentée ici par une ligne peut être réalisée par câblage, voie hertzienne ou autre. De préférence, le dispositif de sortie 6 sera localisé en zone de préparation de la poche. The processing step comprises the determination of the various incidents (blockage, clogging, infiltration) from the quantities acquired beforehand. Finally, the comparison step consists in comparing the quantities thus determined or the quantities acquired with the threshold values contained in the storage unit. These last four steps are repeated throughout the emptying of the bag. When the ladle leaves the pouring area, the last decision step is implemented. The system emits a signal (visual or audible) corresponding either to a decision to reject or to reuse or to a recommendation to carry out the visual inspection. In Figure 2, there is shown schematically a device for the implementation of this method. There is shown a pocket 1 in the casting zone. The pocket is fitted with a linear or rotary drawer shutter 2 and is connected to a decision-making device 4 by a connection 3. The device 4 itself comprises a storage unit, one (or more) unit (s) ) acquisition, calculation, processing and exit. Finally, the device 4 is connected to an output device 6 (here represented by a traffic light) by a connection 5. The connection represented here by a line can be carried out by wiring, radio or other means. Preferably, the outlet device 6 will be located in the bag preparation area.

Claims

Revendications. Claims.
1. Méthode de décision de réutilisation ou de rejet d'une plaque réfractaire d'un obturateur à tiroir utilisé pour le contrôle du débit d'un métal liquide lors de la coulée dudit métal d'un récipient supérieur vers un récipient inférieur, caractérisée en ce qu'un ensemble de paramètres sont déterminés, calculés ou mesurés au cours des utilisations successives des plaques et sont ensuite comparés à des valeurs de seuil.1. Method for deciding the reuse or rejection of a refractory plate of a slide valve used for controlling the flow rate of a liquid metal during the casting of said metal from an upper container to a lower container, characterized in that a set of parameters are determined, calculated or measured during the successive uses of the plates and are then compared with threshold values.
2. Méthode selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que les valeurs de seuil sont établies en fonction des conditions locales d'utilisation.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the threshold values are established as a function of the local conditions of use.
3. Méthode selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est basée sur une détermination instantanée de l'usure des plaques.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is based on an instantaneous determination of the wear of the plates.
4. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'on détermine l'usure instantanée des lèvres d'étranglement des plaques par le calcul de la différence entre le taux d'étranglement de l'obturateur mesuré et le taux d'étranglement calculé.4. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the instantaneous wear of the throttling lips of the plates is determined by calculating the difference between the throttling rate of the measured shutter and the throttling rate calculated.
5. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'on détermine l'usure instantanée des lèvres d'étranglement par le calcul de la différence entre le débit réel calculé pour une position instantanée de l'obturateur mesurée par un dispositif approprié pour une pression ferrostatique instantanée calculée en fonction du poids de métal instantané et de la géométrie intérieure du récipient supérieur à un moment déterminé, pour un diamètre d'orifice de coulée déterminé et le même débit calculé par les lois de la physique.5. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the instantaneous wear of the throttle lips is determined by calculating the difference between the actual flow calculated for an instantaneous position of the shutter measured by a device suitable for an instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the instantaneous weight of metal and the interior geometry of the container greater than a given moment, for a determined diameter of pouring orifice and the same flow calculated by the laws of physics.
6. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'on détermine l'usure radiale des plaques en calculant la différence entre le débit réel mesuré lorsque l'obturateur est ouvert à plein jet, à pression ferrostatique instantanée calculée en fonction du poids de métal instantané et de la géométrie intérieure du récipient supérieur à ce moment, et le débit calculé par les lois de la physique dans les mêmes conditions.6. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial wear of the plates is determined by calculating the difference between the actual flow rate measured when the shutter is open at full jet, at instantaneous ferrostatic pressure calculated as a function of the weight of instantaneous metal and the inner geometry of the upper container at that time, and the flow calculated by the laws of physics under the same conditions.
7. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'altération des caractéristiques de déplacement relatif des plaques est déterminée à partir de l'énergie consommée pour le déplacement relatif des plaques.7. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the alteration of the relative displacement characteristics of the plates is determined from the energy consumed for the relative displacement of the plates.
8. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'historique d'utilisation de la plaque est pris en compte dans la décision.8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the history of use of the plate is taken into account in the decision.
9. Méthode selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les divers événements et incidents intervenus pendant la coulée sont pris en compte dans la décision.9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the various events and incidents occurred during the casting are taken into account in the decision.
10. Méthode selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est basée sur une détermination instantanée de l'usure des plaques en prenant en compte l'historique d'utilisation des plaques. 10. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is based on an instantaneous determination of the wear of the plates by taking into account the history of use of the plates.
1. Dispositif pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une unité d'entrée reliée à des capteurs, détecteurs ou compteurs pour l'introduction de grandeurs choisies, une unité de mémorisation de valeurs seuil, une unité de calcul capable d'effectuer différentes opérations sur les grandeurs introduites via l'unité d'entrée et de comparer les grandeurs ou les résultats desdites opérations sur ces grandeurs avec les valeurs seuil et une unité de sortie capable d'émettre un signal correspondant à la décision de réutilisation ou de rejet. 1. Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises an input unit connected to sensors, detectors or counters for the introduction of selected quantities, a storage unit for threshold values, a calculation unit capable of carrying out various operations on the quantities entered via the input unit and of comparing the quantities or the results of said operations on these quantities with the threshold values and a unit of output capable of emitting a signal corresponding to the reuse or rejection decision.
EP04737689A 2003-07-22 2004-07-20 Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate of a slide valve gate and device therefor Revoked EP1654083B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04737689A EP1654083B1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-07-20 Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate of a slide valve gate and device therefor

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03447192.0A EP1500448A1 (en) 2003-07-22 Method for selecting either to hold on using or to change a sliding gate valve and apparatus to implement said method
EP04737689A EP1654083B1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-07-20 Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate of a slide valve gate and device therefor
PCT/BE2004/000106 WO2005007325A1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-07-20 Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate and device therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1654083A1 true EP1654083A1 (en) 2006-05-10
EP1654083B1 EP1654083B1 (en) 2006-12-13

Family

ID=34072705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04737689A Revoked EP1654083B1 (en) 2003-07-22 2004-07-20 Method for determining reuse or disposal of a refractory plate of a slide valve gate and device therefor

Country Status (16)

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US (1) US7487820B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1654083B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006528070A (en)
KR (1) KR101068604B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100376345C (en)
AT (1) ATE347956T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004257357B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0412865A (en)
CA (1) CA2532890C (en)
DE (1) DE602004003712T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2274460T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA06000783A (en)
RU (1) RU2352436C2 (en)
UA (1) UA81333C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005007325A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200600119B (en)

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JP4805193B2 (en) * 2007-03-12 2011-11-02 大新化工株式会社 Plate damage measuring instrument
DE102007021172B4 (en) * 2007-05-05 2010-11-18 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Use of a sensor
CN102632225B (en) * 2012-05-04 2014-03-05 威海瑞祥铸造机械有限公司 Fully automatic intelligent visual identification casting machine for foundry industry and smelting industry
KR101330311B1 (en) 2012-05-31 2013-11-15 주식회사 포스코 Laddle with surface protection function
WO2020254133A1 (en) 2019-06-18 2020-12-24 Vesuvius Group, S.A. Plate condition tool

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Publication number Publication date
ATE347956T1 (en) 2007-01-15
CA2532890A1 (en) 2005-01-27
CN100376345C (en) 2008-03-26
ES2274460T3 (en) 2007-05-16
CA2532890C (en) 2011-11-29
RU2352436C2 (en) 2009-04-20
KR20060041261A (en) 2006-05-11
DE602004003712T2 (en) 2007-10-18
CN1826196A (en) 2006-08-30
BRPI0412865A (en) 2006-10-03
AU2004257357B2 (en) 2009-09-24
ZA200600119B (en) 2007-03-28
KR101068604B1 (en) 2011-09-30
DE602004003712D1 (en) 2007-01-25
EP1654083B1 (en) 2006-12-13
RU2006102431A (en) 2006-06-27
UA81333C2 (en) 2007-12-25
AU2004257357A1 (en) 2005-01-27
JP2006528070A (en) 2006-12-14
US7487820B2 (en) 2009-02-10
MXPA06000783A (en) 2006-04-18
WO2005007325A1 (en) 2005-01-27
US20060249274A1 (en) 2006-11-09

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