EP1651402B1 - Behandlung von thermisch modifiziertem holz - Google Patents

Behandlung von thermisch modifiziertem holz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1651402B1
EP1651402B1 EP04742205A EP04742205A EP1651402B1 EP 1651402 B1 EP1651402 B1 EP 1651402B1 EP 04742205 A EP04742205 A EP 04742205A EP 04742205 A EP04742205 A EP 04742205A EP 1651402 B1 EP1651402 B1 EP 1651402B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood
sizing agent
asa
thermally modified
akd
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04742205A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1651402A1 (de
Inventor
Risto Laitinen
Mika Kankkunen
Henry Lindell
Jukka Lehtovuori
Jouko Silen
Saku PÄNKÄLÄINEN
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Publication of EP1651402A1 publication Critical patent/EP1651402A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating thermally modified wood, the product obtained with the method and the use of processing agents in conjunction with the method.
  • Thermal modification of wood means controlled thermal treatment of timber at a temperature above 100 °C so that the treatment improves the dimensional stability of the wood and reduces its equilibrium moisture content and moisture life.
  • Other beneficial effects of thermal modification comprise increased decay resistance and reduced pitch secretion.
  • thermal modification results in darkened wood and impaired bending and splitting resistance. Owing to its properties, thermally modified wood is applicable especially to constructions and furniture exposed to contact with outdoor air.
  • Thermal wood modifying techniques have been described in WO 95/31680 , which focuses on control of the temperature difference between the outer surface and the interior of the wood during the temperature increase so as to prevent cracks in the wood.
  • the temperature difference is in the range 10-30 °C and this range is maintained roughly constant during heating.
  • a corresponding controlled temperature difference in the range 10-30 °C between the wood interior and its outer surface can also be maintained during cooling of the wood, during which, unlike the heating process, the higher temperature prevails within the wood.
  • WO 94/27102 discloses an improved method for producing thermally modified wood, in which the wood treatment temperature is above 150 °C, the treatment being performed with the aid of steam. A weight loss of at least 3% of the wood occurs in the course of the treatment.
  • WO 01/53812 further describes a procedure for recognizing the thermal modification in wood by measuring the number of free radicals in the wood and by comparing this number with that of free radicals in corresponding untreated wood.
  • the reference sets forth as a criterion for thermal modification that the number of free radicals in the wood should be at least 1.5-fold, preferably at least double compared to untreated wood.
  • WO 02/081159 discloses the use of various substances for protecting wood.
  • EP 0 327215 discloses the use of certain ketene dimers for sizing unbleached fibers or undigested wood chips for use in building products.
  • Callum A.S. et al.: 'The chemical modification of Scots Pine with succinic anhydrode or octenyl succinic anhydride' Holzforschung vol. 52, 1998, pages 427-433 discusses the use of octenyl succinic anhydride in the treatment of wood.
  • thermal wood modification or thermally modified wood implies that the wood meets the criteria of thermal wood modification or of thermally modified wood defined in respect of WO 01/53812 as cited above.
  • thermally modified wood in moist outdoor air, it has now been found that such wood, when brought into direct contact with water or moist soil, absorbs water in abundance. Although thermal modification as such enhances the decay resistance of wood, especially long-term waterlogging still has a detrimental effect on the resistance of the wood. In addition, soaked wood material gets a markedly increased weight.
  • the object of the present invention is thus to provide a solution in order to prevent waterlogging of thermally modified wood.
  • the invention is defined in the attached claims.
  • the method of the invention comprises water-repellency treatment of thermally modified wood by means of a hydrophobic sizing agent reactive to cellulose.
  • the treatment is preferably performed with a solution containing the hydrophobic sizing agent, followed by solvent evaporation by means of drying.
  • the entire wood material can be impregnated with the solution containing the sizing agent in order to achieve a constant size concentration.
  • the wood can be surface-treated by painting or by immerging it rapidly into an immersion basin, the surfaces of the piece of wood being treated throughout, while the size penetrates into the surface layers alone.
  • Sizing agents suitable for increasing the hydrophobicity of wood in accordance with the invention include sizing agents reactive with cellulose, the sizing being performed in the neutral or alkaline pH range.
  • Such sizing agents comprise alkyl ketene dimers (AKD) and alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides (ASA) known in paper and board sizing, among other applications.
  • the paper and board industry uses these sizes in the form of water emulsions, whereas they are most expedient in impregnating thermally modified wood of the invention when dissolved into an organic solvent, such as acetone.
  • the size solution is preferably diluted, with the size concentration in the solution being e.g. 0.01-5% by weight, preferably 0.05-0.2% by weight.
  • the invention also allows for the use of a 100% AKD, ASA or similar size as such without any solvent, in the form of a concentrated solution, dispersion or emulsion, the medium of the dispersion or emulsion of the invention being e.g. water, and the proportion of sizing agent equalling the size concentrations in the solution mentioned above.
  • AKD and ASA can further be jointly used when intermixed.
  • alkyl ketene dimers (AKD) sizes comprise a straight C 16 -C 22 alkyl chain. AKD size preparations are available both in a solid and a liquid form.
  • ASA sizes used in the invention comprise a C 16 -C 22 alkenyl chain.
  • the wood can be further processed by heating, e.g. by exposing it to a temperature in the range 100 - 140 °C for 15-60 minutes.
  • the required heating depends on the sizing agent selected; preliminary tests indicate that such after-heating is almost insignificant in AKD sizing, whereas it improves the hydrophobicity obtained with ASA crucially.
  • the thermally modified wood of the invention treated as above is characterised in having been impregnated with a hydrophobic sizing agent reactive with cellulose, which makes the wood more water-repellent.
  • the size has impregnated at least the surface layers of the piece of wood, so that the surfaces of the piece are protected by the size on all sides.
  • the size may be evenly distributed throughout the wood, with the size concentration in the treated wood being approximately constant.
  • the invention further comprises the use of a hydrophobic size, such as AKD or ASA, in water-repellency treatment of thermally modified wood.
  • a hydrophobic size such as AKD or ASA
  • AKD size containing a C 16 /C 18 alkyl chain was dissolved in acetone to a solubility of 0.1% by weight and thermal wood marketed under the name Thermowood was thoroughly impregnated with this solution.
  • the wood was dried by evaporating the acetone solvent and the dried AKD treated wood was heated to 130 °C over periods of 15, 30 and 60 min., respectively.
  • the water repellence of the wood was tested by a drop test, in which the contact angle formed by the water droplet placed on the wood and the wood itself was measured after contact periods of 1, 5 and 10 s., respectively.
  • the bar chart in enclosed figure 1 shows the results of five samples, a reference sample (ref.), i.e.
  • thermal wood not treated with AKD AKD treated thermal wood, which had been dried but not subjected to a heating process
  • AKD treated thermal wood which had been dried and then heated to 130 °C over periods of 15, 30 or 60 minutes.
  • the results show the hydrophilicity of wood not treated with AKD, appearing as a low contact angle, which further decreases rapidly as the contact is prolonged.
  • Thermal wood treated with AKD yielded contact angles of approx. 90-100° , which indicated that the surface was water repellent and devoid of a tendency of water absorption into the wood. It also indicates that a heating treatment following the AKD sizing has only a marginal bearing on the hydrophobicity of the wood and that heating of excessive duration may have a negative impact.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verfahren zum Behandeln von thermisch modifiziertem Holz, wobei die Anzahl von freien Radikalen durch die Modifikation auf wenigstens das 1,5-Fache erhöht ist im Vergleich zu entsprechendem unbehandelten Holz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Stück des thermisch modifizierten Holzes wasserabweisend gemacht wird durch Imprägnieren des Holzes mit einem hydrophoben Leimungsmittel, welches mit Zellulose reaktionsfähig ist, wobei das Leimungsmittel ein Alkylketendimer (AKD) mit einer geraden C16-C22 Alkylkette und/oder einem Alkenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid (ASA) mit einer C16-C22 Alkenylkette ist, und wobei zumindest, wenn das Leimungsmittel ASA ist, das behandelte Holz getrocknet wird und dann für 15 bis 60 Minuten auf eine Temperatur von 100 bis 140 °C erhitzt wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Holz wasserabweisend gemacht wird, indem es mit einer Lösung oder einer Dispersion behandelt wird, welche ein hydrophobes Leimungsmittel enthält, und in dem das Lösungs- oder Dispersionsmedium durch Trocknen entfernt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberflächen eines Holzstückes durchweg mit einer Lösung oder Dispersion behandelt werden, welche ein Leimungsmittel enthält.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leimungsmittel in einem organischen Lösungsmittel, wie z.B. Azeton, gelöst worden ist.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gehalt des Leimungsmittels in der Prozesslösung oder -dispersion 0,01 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 0,2 Gewichtsprozent, beträgt.
  6. Thermisch behandeltes Holzstück, welches durch ein Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche erhältlich ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Holz mit einem hydrophoben Leimungsmittel imprägniert worden ist, welches mit Zellulose reaktionsfähig ist, und mittels dem das Holz wasserabweisend gemacht worden ist, wobei das Leimungsmittel ein Alkylketendimer (AKD) mit einer C16-C22 Alkylkette und/oder einem Alkenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid (ASA) mit einer C16-C22 Alkenylkette ist.
  7. Thermisch behandeltes Holzstück nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Holz mit dem Leimungsmittel imprägniert worden ist, um das Leimungsmittel gleichmäßig über das Holz zu verteilen.
  8. Verwendung eines hydrophoben Leims, der mit Zellulose reaktionsfähig ist, in der Behandlung eines Stücks thermisch modifizierten Holzes, bei dem eine Anzahl von freien Radikalen durch die Modifikation auf wenigstens das 1,5-Fache erhöht ist im Vergleich zu entsprechendem unbehandelten Holz, wobei das Holz mit dem Leim imprägniert wird, um es wasserabweisend zu machen, wobei der Leim ein Alkylketendimer (AKD) mit einer geraden C16-C22 Alkylkette und/oder einem Alkenylbernsteinsäureanhydrid (ASA) mit einer C16-C22 Alkenylkette ist, und wobei zumindest, wenn das Leimungsmittel ASA ist, das behandelte Holz getrocknet wird und dann für 15 bis 60 Minuten auf eine Temperatur von 100 bis 140 °C erhitzt wird.
EP04742205A 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Behandlung von thermisch modifiziertem holz Expired - Lifetime EP1651402B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20031103A FI118958B (fi) 2003-07-25 2003-07-25 Lämpömodifioidun puun käsittely
PCT/FI2004/000462 WO2005009700A1 (en) 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Treatment of thermally modified wood

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1651402A1 EP1651402A1 (de) 2006-05-03
EP1651402B1 true EP1651402B1 (de) 2011-01-26

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EP04742205A Expired - Lifetime EP1651402B1 (de) 2003-07-25 2004-07-23 Behandlung von thermisch modifiziertem holz

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EP (1) EP1651402B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE496747T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2533114C (de)
DE (1) DE602004031233D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2358800T3 (de)
FI (1) FI118958B (de)
WO (1) WO2005009700A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1716995B1 (de) 2005-04-22 2009-02-25 Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Schutzmittel für lignocellulosisches Material auf Basis von Fettsäure- und Paraffinderivaten
DE102007057116A1 (de) 2007-11-26 2009-05-28 Manfred Fordermaier Thermisch behandeltes Massivholz
FI122944B (fi) * 2008-06-06 2012-09-14 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Menetelmä puun suojaamiseksi
FI125776B2 (fi) * 2008-06-27 2023-07-28 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Menetelmä puulevyn käsittelemiseksi
WO2011121027A1 (de) 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Härtbare mischung
DE102010031892B4 (de) 2010-07-21 2019-01-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Faserverstärkte Verbundstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
CN102554991A (zh) * 2012-02-14 2012-07-11 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 提高木材整体疏水性的方法
CN103302708B (zh) * 2013-05-08 2015-04-22 广东省宜华木业股份有限公司 一种新型疏水性木材的制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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GB8801004D0 (en) * 1988-01-18 1988-02-17 Hercules Inc Cellulose sizing agents for neutral/alkaline systems
EP1377417A2 (de) * 2001-04-03 2004-01-07 Lonza Ag Verfahren zur schutzbehandlung von holz und holzwerkstoffen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004031233D1 (de) 2011-03-10
EP1651402A1 (de) 2006-05-03
CA2533114C (en) 2012-11-20
FI118958B (fi) 2008-05-30
ES2358800T3 (es) 2011-05-13
WO2005009700A1 (en) 2005-02-03
FI20031103A0 (fi) 2003-07-25
CA2533114A1 (en) 2005-02-03
ATE496747T1 (de) 2011-02-15
FI20031103A (fi) 2005-01-26

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