EP1646484B1 - Construction machine - Google Patents

Construction machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1646484B1
EP1646484B1 EP04727518.5A EP04727518A EP1646484B1 EP 1646484 B1 EP1646484 B1 EP 1646484B1 EP 04727518 A EP04727518 A EP 04727518A EP 1646484 B1 EP1646484 B1 EP 1646484B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pick
tool
construction machine
milling roller
machine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04727518.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1646484A1 (en
Inventor
Bernd Holl
Günter HÄHN
Martin Lenz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wirtgen GmbH
Original Assignee
Wirtgen GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wirtgen GmbH filed Critical Wirtgen GmbH
Priority to EP09003594.0A priority Critical patent/EP2060375B1/en
Priority to EP15150872.8A priority patent/EP2915642B1/en
Publication of EP1646484A1 publication Critical patent/EP1646484A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1646484B1 publication Critical patent/EP1646484B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/18—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools
    • B28D1/186—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits
    • B28D1/188—Tools therefor, e.g. having exchangeable cutter bits with exchangeable cutter bits or cutter segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
    • E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
    • E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
    • E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/188—Mining picks; Holders therefor characterised by adaptations to use an extraction tool

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a construction machine for processing of floor surfaces, with a milling drum, on the surface of a plurality of bit holders is arranged, wherein in a bit holder of the bit holder a chisel, in particular a round shank bit, is interchangeable added.
  • Such trained as a road milling machine construction machine is from the DE 39 03 482 A1 known.
  • road milling machines road surfaces can be milled off.
  • the chisels wear out continuously. If the chisels have reached a certain state of wear, they must be replaced. For this purpose, it is necessary that a worker goes into the area of the milling drum and drives out the chisels from the chisel holders there. When removing the chisel, the worker uses a special Austreibdornes and a hammer. This can lead to injuries.
  • the handling in the narrowed Fräswalzen Scheme is extremely cumbersome and requires great care to to minimize the risk of danger. After a chisel has been removed from its chisel holder, new unworn chisels must be inserted into the chisel holder. The exchange of the chisel is a very tedious and time-consuming job.
  • the road milling machine has a Fräswalzenkasten in which a milling drum is housed protected. This is equipped with a variety of chisels. To facilitate the replacement of worn chisels, a seat can be swiveled into the working area of the milling drum when the machine is stationary. There, the worker can then take a seat comfortably and carry out the tool change.
  • an exchange tool which automatically dismantles the worn bit and / or mounted an untapped bit in the bit holder holder of the bit holder.
  • the manual labor required to change the bits can be significantly reduced.
  • the fact that the change process is at least partially automated, this can also be done faster, so fewer machine downtime arise.
  • the health hazard and the physical strain on the operator are reduced.
  • the tool changing device has at least one tool changer, which is assigned to the individual bit holders or groups of bit holders by means of an actuating unit. It is also conceivable that all chisels or chisel holders together is assigned a single tool changer. This then dismantles or assembles the chisel at the same time.
  • the tool changers can also be connected to one another via a common control. For example, a machine operator can use this control to change individual chisels, groups of chisels or all chisels at the same time.
  • the design of the tool changing device can be such that the bit is positioned to the tool changer (see above b) and c)).
  • This can be done according to a possible variant of the invention such that the milling drum is coupled via a drive train with a drive motor of the construction machine, wherein the adjusting device has an auxiliary drive which can be coupled to the drive train, which rotates the milling drum in the raised state by a predetermined or selectable angle of rotation, wherein the torque of the auxiliary drive is higher than that Moment of inertia of the milling drum and the part of the drive train moving with the milling drum when the drive motor is switched off or decoupled.
  • you can take advantage of the given position pattern of the chisel and deposit it in a controller.
  • the setting unit and / or the adjusting device is equipped with a numerical control.
  • the tool design according to claim 1 is such that the setting unit positions the at least one tool changer relative to the milling drum. In this case, the tool changer and the milling drum are then brought into position to each other.
  • the tool changer (s) are fixedly arranged on the machine side.
  • the bits are then assigned to them as a result of a rotation of the milling drum.
  • the tool changer can be designed such that it engages the bit positively and / or non-positively and disassembled from the bit holder or mounted in this.
  • the tool change can be further automated if it is provided that the tool changing device conveys the dismantled bit directly or via a conveyor into a container or that the changing device is associated with a separating device, and that the singulator feeds bits from a storage unit of the tool changing device.
  • Optimal utilization of tool life can be achieved if it is provided that the milling drum is associated with a detection device, which continuously checks, at intervals or on default, the state of wear of the bit or a part of the bit or a single bit, and that the detection means Upon reaching a predetermined state of wear, a tool change initiated or signaled.
  • the wear detection can be designed, for example, such that at least one signal acquisition unit of the recognition device is assigned to at least one machine component directly or indirectly involved in the work process, that the signal acquisition unit detects an operating state of the machine component, and that the signal acquisition unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement ,
  • Fig. 1 is a rotary body of a road milling machine, namely a milling drum 10 is shown.
  • base parts 20 are arranged at a systematic spacing from one another.
  • the base parts 20 are connected to the roller surface 11, preferably welded.
  • the base parts 20 have a plug-in receptacle 21.
  • a Plug neck of a chisel holder 23 are used.
  • the chisel holder 23 is fixed to the base part 20 via a pressure screw 22.
  • the chisel holder 23 has a chisel holder 24, which in the present case is designed as a bore. In the bore, a bit 30, in this case a round shank bit, are used.
  • the bit 30 has a chisel head 31 to which a chisel tip 32 made of cemented carbide or a ceramic material is attached at the front.
  • a shaft 33 connects, on which a clamping sleeve 34 is mounted.
  • the clamping sleeve 34 is not axially displaceable, but rotatably connected in the circumferential direction with the shaft 33.
  • the chisel head 31 lies with the interposition of a wear protection disk 35 on a mating surface of the chisel holder 23.
  • Fig. 1 can recognize the bit holder 23 is associated with a tool changer 40 with a tool changer.
  • the tool changer 40 has a servomotor 43, which drives a transmission member 41.
  • the transmission member 41 is presently designed as a pull rod.
  • the transmission member 41 carries a Austreibdorn 42.
  • the Austreibdorn 42 can be introduced via the servo motor 43 in the bit holder 24. In this case, the mandrel penetrates into the bit receptacle 24 via the rear bore opening 25. He then meets the formed by the shaft 33 rear abutment surface.
  • the servo motor 43 pulls the Austreibdorn 42 into the bit holder 24.
  • the bit 30 together with its clamping sleeve 34 is pushed out of the bit receptacle 24.
  • the servomotor 43 pushes the Austreibdorn 42 back out of the bit receptacle 24.
  • the tool changer 40 can, for example, linearly by means of a, not shown in the drawing adjusting unit in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the milling drum 10 be adjusted. It can then be gradually assigned to the individual bit holders 23 of the milling drum 10.
  • the servo motor 43 does not move alone a Austreibdorn 42, but several Austreibdorne 42 at the same time, so that a plurality of chisels 30 can be pushed out of their bit holders 23 with one adjusting operation.
  • the milling drum 10 can be rotated via an auxiliary drive of an adjusting device.
  • the auxiliary drive can be used when the milling drum 10 is lifted off the ground. Then it can be adjusted for tool change by means of the auxiliary drive.
  • the auxiliary drive is also assigned a control unit. This rotates the milling drum 10 according to a predetermined program sequence, so that the chisel 30 or a part of the chisel 30 can be successively aligned with the tool changer 40.
  • a tool changer 40 is shown which is used to mount an unworn bit 30 in the bit receptacle 24.
  • the tool changer 40 in turn has a servomotor 43, which adjusts the transmission member 41 linearly.
  • the transmission member 41 has a mounting bell 44. This is provided with a receptacle 45 in which the chisel 30 to be mounted is held with its chisel head 31.
  • the tool changer 40 is accordingly assigned to the bit holder 23 by means of an actuating unit. In this case, then the shaft 33 is opposite the hole entry into the bit holder 24. Subsequently, the servo motor 43 is activated. The shaft 33 is then inserted into the bit receptacle 24.
  • the in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown tool changer can be used individually or together on a road milling machine. If they are used together, then a fully automatic bit change can be performed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Baumaschine zum Bearbeiten von Bodenflächen, mit einer Fräswalze, auf deren Oberfläche eine Vielzahl von Meißelhaltern angeordnet ist, wobei in einer Meißelaufnahme des Meißelhalters ein Meißel, insbesondere ein Rundschaftmeißel, auswechselbar aufgenommen ist.The invention relates to a construction machine for processing of floor surfaces, with a milling drum, on the surface of a plurality of bit holders is arranged, wherein in a bit holder of the bit holder a chisel, in particular a round shank bit, is interchangeable added.

Eine solche als Straßenfräsmaschine ausgebildete Baumaschine ist aus der DE 39 03 482 A1 bekannt. Mit den Straßenfräsmaschinen können Straßenbeläge abgefräst werden. Im Laufe des Maschineneinsatzes verschleißen die Meißel kontinuierlich. Wenn die Meißel einen bestimmten Verschleißzustand erreicht haben, so müssen sie ausgetauscht werden. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, dass sich ein Arbeiter in den Bereich der Fräswalze begibt und dort die Meißel aus den Meißelhaltern austreibt. Beim Austreiben der Meißel bedient sich der Arbeiter eines speziellen Austreibdornes und eines Hammers. Dabei kann es zu Verletzungen kommen. Das Hantieren in dem eingeengten Fräswalzenbereich ist äußerst mühsam und bedarf großer Sorgfalt, um das Gefahrenrisiko zu minimieren. Nachdem ein Meißel aus seinem Meißelhalter entfernt wurde, müssen neue unverschlissene Meißel in die Meißelhalter eingesetzt werden. Der Tausch der Meißel stellt eine sehr mühsame und zeitaufwendige Arbeit dar.Such trained as a road milling machine construction machine is from the DE 39 03 482 A1 known. With road milling machines, road surfaces can be milled off. In the course of machine use, the chisels wear out continuously. If the chisels have reached a certain state of wear, they must be replaced. For this purpose, it is necessary that a worker goes into the area of the milling drum and drives out the chisels from the chisel holders there. When removing the chisel, the worker uses a special Austreibdornes and a hammer. This can lead to injuries. The handling in the narrowed Fräswalzenbereich is extremely cumbersome and requires great care to to minimize the risk of danger. After a chisel has been removed from its chisel holder, new unworn chisels must be inserted into the chisel holder. The exchange of the chisel is a very tedious and time-consuming job.

Aus der DE 32 23 761 C2 und der US 3,342,531 sind manuell betätigbare Wechselwerkzeuge bekannt. Sie weisen einen Ansatz auf, der in eine umlaufende Nut im Meißel formschlüssig eingreift. Die Meißel können dann aus dem zugeordneten Meißelhalter ausgehebelt werden. Der Auswechselvorgang wird damit zwar erleichtert, jedoch ist die Arbeit an der Fräswalze dennoch gefährlich und mühsam.From the DE 32 23 761 C2 and the US 3,342,531 are manually operable change tools known. They have an approach that engages positively in a circumferential groove in the bit. The chisels can then be levered out of the associated bit holder. Although the replacement process is made easier, but the work on the milling drum is still dangerous and tedious.

Aus der EP 1 167 626 A1 ist eine Straßenfräsmaschine bekannt. Die Straßenfräsmaschine besitzt einen Fräswalzenkasten, in dem eine Fräswalze geschützt untergebracht ist. Diese ist mit einer Vielzahl von Meißeln bestückt. Um den Austausch verschlissener Meißel zu erleichtern, kann bei stehender Maschine ein Sitz in den Arbeitsbereich der Fräswalze geschwenkt werden. Dort kann der Arbeiter dann bequem Platz nehmen und den Werkzeugwechsel durchführen.From the EP 1 167 626 A1 is a street milling machine known. The road milling machine has a Fräswalzenkasten in which a milling drum is housed protected. This is equipped with a variety of chisels. To facilitate the replacement of worn chisels, a seat can be swiveled into the working area of the milling drum when the machine is stationary. There, the worker can then take a seat comfortably and carry out the tool change.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Straßenfräsmaschine der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, bei der das Auswechseln der Meißel vereinfacht ist.It is an object of the invention to provide a road milling machine of the type mentioned, in which the replacement of the bit is simplified.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche1 und 2 gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 2.

Erfindungsgemäß wird somit ein Wechselwerkzeug vorgeschlagen, das den verschlissenen Meißel automatisch demontiert und/oder einen unverschlissenen Meißel in der Meißelhalteraufnahme der Meißelhalter montiert. Auf diese Weise kann die manuelle Arbeit, die zum Wechseln der Meißel nötig ist, deutlich reduziert werden. Dadurch, dass der Wechselvorgang zumindest teilweise automatisiert ist, kann dieser auch schneller durchgeführt werden, sodass weniger Maschinenstillstandszeiten entstehen. Weiterhin werden mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung auch die Gesundheitsgefahr und die körperliche Belastung des Maschinisten reduziert.According to the invention, an exchange tool is thus proposed, which automatically dismantles the worn bit and / or mounted an untapped bit in the bit holder holder of the bit holder. In this way, the manual labor required to change the bits can be significantly reduced. The fact that the change process is at least partially automated, this can also be done faster, so fewer machine downtime arise. Furthermore, with the arrangement according to the invention, the health hazard and the physical strain on the operator are reduced.

Die Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung ist eine mechanische Werkzeugvorrichtung, dieinnerhalb oder außerhalb der Fräswalze angeordnet ist. Bei der technischen Auslegung der Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung lassen sich abhängig vom Anwendungsfall verschiedene Konzepte verwirklichen.

  1. a) Der Werkzeugwechsler wird zum Meißel positioniert.
  2. b) Der Meißel wird zum Werkzeugwechsler positioniert.
  3. c) Der Werkzeugwechsler und der Meißel werden zueinander positioniert.
The tool changing device is a mechanical tool device disposed inside or outside the milling drum. In the technical design of the tool changing device can be realized depending on the application, various concepts.
  1. a) The tool changer is positioned to the chisel.
  2. b) The chisel is positioned to the tool changer.
  3. c) The tool changer and the chisel are positioned to each other.

Bei dem unter a) bzw. c) skizzierten Konzept istes erfindungsgemäß gemäß Anspruch 1 vorgesehen, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mindestens einen Werkzeugwechsler aufweist, der den einzelnen Meißelhaltern oder Gruppen von Meißelhaltern mittels einer Stelleinheit zugeordnet wird. Denkbar ist auch, dass allen Meißeln bzw. Meißelhaltern gemeinsam ein einziger Werkzeugwechsler zugeordnet ist. Dieser demontiert oder montiert dann die Meißel gleichzeitig. Die Werkzeugwechsler können auch über eine gemeinsame Steuerung miteinander verbunden sein. Über diese Steuerung kann ein Maschinenführer beispielsweise gezielt einzelne Meißel, Gruppen von Meißeln oder alle Meißel gleichzeitig wechseln.In the concept outlined under a) or c) according to the invention according to claim 1 is provided that the tool changing device has at least one tool changer, which is assigned to the individual bit holders or groups of bit holders by means of an actuating unit. It is also conceivable that all chisels or chisel holders together is assigned a single tool changer. This then dismantles or assembles the chisel at the same time. The tool changers can also be connected to one another via a common control. For example, a machine operator can use this control to change individual chisels, groups of chisels or all chisels at the same time.

Wie bereits oben beschrieben wurde, kann die Konzeption der Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung derart sein, dass der Meißel zum Werkzeugwechsler positioniert wird (siehe oben b) und c)). Die Positionierung des Meißels erfolgt erfindungsgemäß gemäß Anspruch 2 mit einer Verstelleinrichtung, die die Fräswalze zum Werkzeugwechsler positioniert. Dies kann nach einer möglichen Erfindungsvariante derart erfolgen, dass die Fräswalze über einen Antriebsstrang mit einem Antriebsmotor der Baumaschine gekoppelt ist, wobei die Verstelleinrichtung einen Hilfsantrieb aufweist, der mit dem Antriebsstrang koppelbar ist, der die Fräswalze im angehobenen Zustand um einen vorbestimmten oder wählbaren Drehwinkel verdreht, wobei das Drehmoment des Hilfsantriebs höher ist als das Trägheitsmoment der Fräswalze und des mit der Fräswalze mitbewegten Teils des Antriebsstrangs bei ausgeschaltetem oder entkoppeltem Antriebsmotor. Hierbei kann man das vorgegebene Positionsmuster der Meißel ausnutzen und in einer Steuerung hinterlegen. Dabei kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Stelleinheit und/oder die Verstelleinrichtung mit einer numerischen Steuerung ausgestattet ist.As already described above, the design of the tool changing device can be such that the bit is positioned to the tool changer (see above b) and c)). The positioning of the bit according to the invention according to claim 2 with an adjustment, which positions the milling drum for tool changer. This can be done according to a possible variant of the invention such that the milling drum is coupled via a drive train with a drive motor of the construction machine, wherein the adjusting device has an auxiliary drive which can be coupled to the drive train, which rotates the milling drum in the raised state by a predetermined or selectable angle of rotation, wherein the torque of the auxiliary drive is higher than that Moment of inertia of the milling drum and the part of the drive train moving with the milling drum when the drive motor is switched off or decoupled. Here you can take advantage of the given position pattern of the chisel and deposit it in a controller. It can also be provided that the setting unit and / or the adjusting device is equipped with a numerical control.

Die Werkzeugauslegung ist gemäß Anspruch 1 dabei derart, dass die Stelleinheit den mindestens einen Werkzeugwechsler relativ zur Fräswalze positioniert. Dabei werden dann der Werkzeugwechsler und die Fräswalze zueinander in Position gebracht.The tool design according to claim 1 is such that the setting unit positions the at least one tool changer relative to the milling drum. In this case, the tool changer and the milling drum are then brought into position to each other.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es gemäß Anspruch 2 auch vorgesehen, dass der/ die Werkzeugwechsler maschinenseitig fest angeordnet sind. Die Meißel werden diesen dann infolge einer Verdrehung der Fräswalze zugeordnet.According to the invention, it is also provided according to claim 2 that the tool changer (s) are fixedly arranged on the machine side. The bits are then assigned to them as a result of a rotation of the milling drum.

Der Werkzeugwechsler kann derart ausgelegt sein, dass er den Meißel form- und/oder kraftschlüssig angreift und aus dem Meißelhalter demontiert oder in diesen montiert.The tool changer can be designed such that it engages the bit positively and / or non-positively and disassembled from the bit holder or mounted in this.

Der Werkzeugwechsel kann weiter automatisiert werden, wenn vorgesehen ist, dass die Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung die demontierten Meißel direkt oder über eine Fördereinrichtung in einen Behälter befördert oder dass der Wechseleinrichtung eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, und dass die Vereinzelungseinrichtung Meißel aus einer Bevorratungseinheit der Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zufördert. Eine optimale Ausnutzung der Werkzeugstandzeit kann dann erreicht werden, wenn vorgesehen ist, dass der Fräswalze eine Erkennungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist, die kontinuierlich, in Intervallen oder auf Vorgabe, den Verschleißzustand der Meißel oder eines Teils der Meißel oder eines einzelnen Meißels überprüft, und dass die Erkennungseinrichtung bei Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Verschleißzustandes einen Werkzeugwechsel initiiert oder signalisiert.The tool change can be further automated if it is provided that the tool changing device conveys the dismantled bit directly or via a conveyor into a container or that the changing device is associated with a separating device, and that the singulator feeds bits from a storage unit of the tool changing device. Optimal utilization of tool life can be achieved if it is provided that the milling drum is associated with a detection device, which continuously checks, at intervals or on default, the state of wear of the bit or a part of the bit or a single bit, and that the detection means Upon reaching a predetermined state of wear, a tool change initiated or signaled.

Die Verschleißerkennung kann dabei beispielsweise so gestaltet sein, dass mindestens eine Signalaufnahmeeinheit der Erkennungseinrichtung wenigstens einem am Arbeitsprozess direkt oder indirekt beteiligten Maschinen-Bauteil zugeordnet ist, dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit einen Betriebszustand des Maschinen-Bauteils erfasst, und dass die Signalaufnahmeeinheit über eine Signalverarbeitungsanordnung den Verschleißzustand ermittelt.In this case, the wear detection can be designed, for example, such that at least one signal acquisition unit of the recognition device is assigned to at least one machine component directly or indirectly involved in the work process, that the signal acquisition unit detects an operating state of the machine component, and that the signal acquisition unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement ,

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Fräswalze einer Straßenfräsmaschine mit einem darauf montierten Meißelhalter und einer Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung in Seitenansicht und Teildarstellung,
  • Fig. 2 die Fräswalze gemäß Fig. 1 mit einer Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung zum Montieren von unverschlissenen Meißeln.
The invention is illustrated below with reference to drawings. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a milling drum of a road milling machine with a tool holder mounted thereon and a tool changing device in side view and partial representation,
  • Fig. 2 the milling drum according to Fig. 1 with a tool changer for mounting unworn bits.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Rotationskörper einer Straßenfräsmaschine, nämlich eine Fräswalze 10 dargestellt. Auf der Walzenoberfläche 11 der Fräswalze 10 sind in systematischer Teilung zueinander beabstandet Basisteile 20 angeordnet. Die Basisteile 20 sind mit der Walzenoberfläche 11 verbunden, vorzugsweise verschweißt. Die Basisteile 20 weisen eine Steckaufnahme 21 auf. In die Steckaufnahme 21 kann ein Steckansatz eines Meißelhalters 23 eingesetzt werden. Die Fixierung des Meißelhalters 23 an dem Basisteil 20 erfolgt über eine Druckschraube 22. Der Meißelhalter 23 besitzt eine Meißelaufnahme 24, die vorliegend als Bohrung ausgebildet ist. In die Bohrung kann ein Meißel 30, vorliegend ein Rundschaftmeißel, eingesetzt werden. Der Meißel 30 besitzt einen Meißelkopf 31, an dem eine Meißelspitze 32, bestehend aus Hartmetall oder einem Keramikmaterial, frontseitig befestigt ist. An den Meißelkopf 31 schließt sich ein Schaft 33 an, auf den eine Spannhülse 34 aufgezogen ist. Die Spannhülse 34 ist nicht axial verschiebbar, jedoch in Umfangsrichtung drehbar mit dem Schaft 33 verbunden.In the Fig. 1 is a rotary body of a road milling machine, namely a milling drum 10 is shown. On the roll surface 11 of the milling drum 10, base parts 20 are arranged at a systematic spacing from one another. The base parts 20 are connected to the roller surface 11, preferably welded. The base parts 20 have a plug-in receptacle 21. In the socket 21, a Plug neck of a chisel holder 23 are used. The chisel holder 23 is fixed to the base part 20 via a pressure screw 22. The chisel holder 23 has a chisel holder 24, which in the present case is designed as a bore. In the bore, a bit 30, in this case a round shank bit, are used. The bit 30 has a chisel head 31 to which a chisel tip 32 made of cemented carbide or a ceramic material is attached at the front. At the chisel head 31, a shaft 33 connects, on which a clamping sleeve 34 is mounted. The clamping sleeve 34 is not axially displaceable, but rotatably connected in the circumferential direction with the shaft 33.

Der Meißelkopf 31 liegt unter Zwischenlage einer Verschleißschutzscheibe 35 auf einer Gegenfläche des Meißelhalters 23 auf.The chisel head 31 lies with the interposition of a wear protection disk 35 on a mating surface of the chisel holder 23.

Wie Fig. 1 erkennen lässt, ist dem Meißelhalter 23 eine Werkzeugwechseleinrichtung mit einem Werkzeugwechsler 40 zugeordnet. Der Werkzeugwechsler 40 besitzt einen Stellmotor 43, der ein Übertragungsglied 41 antreibt. Das Übertragungsglied 41 ist vorliegend als Zugstange ausgebildet. An dem, dem Stellmotor 43 abgewandten Ende, trägt das Übertragungsglied 41 einen Austreibdorn 42. Der Austreibdorn 42 kann über den Stellmotor 43 in die Meißelaufnahme 24 eingeführt werden. Hierbei dringt der Dorn über die rückwärtige Bohrungsöffnung 25 in die Meißelaufnahme 24 ein. Er trifft dann auf die von dem Schaft 33 gebildete rückwärtige Stoßfläche. Der Stellmotor 43 zieht den Austreibdorn 42 in die Meißelaufnahme 24 hinein. Dabei wird der Meißel 30 samt seiner Spannhülse 34 aus der Meißelaufnahme 24 herausgeschoben. Nachdem der Meißel 30 aus der Meißelaufnahme 24 herausbewegt wurde, schiebt der Stellmotor 43 den Austreibdorn 42 wieder aus der Meißelaufnahme 24 heraus.As Fig. 1 can recognize the bit holder 23 is associated with a tool changer 40 with a tool changer. The tool changer 40 has a servomotor 43, which drives a transmission member 41. The transmission member 41 is presently designed as a pull rod. At the end facing away from the servo motor 43, the transmission member 41 carries a Austreibdorn 42. The Austreibdorn 42 can be introduced via the servo motor 43 in the bit holder 24. In this case, the mandrel penetrates into the bit receptacle 24 via the rear bore opening 25. He then meets the formed by the shaft 33 rear abutment surface. The servo motor 43 pulls the Austreibdorn 42 into the bit holder 24. In this case, the bit 30 together with its clamping sleeve 34 is pushed out of the bit receptacle 24. After the bit 30 has been moved out of the bit receptacle 24, the servomotor 43 pushes the Austreibdorn 42 back out of the bit receptacle 24.

Der Werkzeugwechsler 40 kann mittels einer, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Stelleinheit in Richtung der Mittellängsachse der Fräswalze 10 beispielsweise linienförmig verstellt werden. Er lässt sich dann nach und nach den einzelnen Meißelhaltern 23 der Fräswalze 10 zuordnen. Vorteilhafter Weise bewegt der Stellmotor 43 nicht alleine einen Austreibdorn 42, sondern mehrere Austreibdorne 42 gleichzeitig, so dass mit einem Stellvorgang mehrere Meißel 30 aus ihren Meißelhaltern 23 herausgeschoben werden können.The tool changer 40 can, for example, linearly by means of a, not shown in the drawing adjusting unit in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the milling drum 10 be adjusted. It can then be gradually assigned to the individual bit holders 23 of the milling drum 10. Advantageously, the servo motor 43 does not move alone a Austreibdorn 42, but several Austreibdorne 42 at the same time, so that a plurality of chisels 30 can be pushed out of their bit holders 23 with one adjusting operation.

Es ist auch denkbar, dass die Fräswalze 10 über einen Hilfsantrieb einer Verstelleinrichtung gedreht werden kann. Der Hilfsantrieb kann dann zum Einsatz kommen, wenn die Fräswalze 10 vom Boden abgehoben ist. Dann lässt sie sich zum Werkzeugwechsel mittels des Hilfsantriebes verstellen. Vorteilhafter Weise ist dem Hilfsantrieb auch eine Steuereinheit zugeordnet. Diese dreht die Fräswalze 10 nach einem vorgegebenen Programmablauf, so dass die Meißel 30 oder ein Teil der Meißel 30 nacheinander auf den Werkzeugwechsler 40 ausgerichtet werden können.It is also conceivable that the milling drum 10 can be rotated via an auxiliary drive of an adjusting device. The auxiliary drive can be used when the milling drum 10 is lifted off the ground. Then it can be adjusted for tool change by means of the auxiliary drive. Advantageously, the auxiliary drive is also assigned a control unit. This rotates the milling drum 10 according to a predetermined program sequence, so that the chisel 30 or a part of the chisel 30 can be successively aligned with the tool changer 40.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Werkzeugwechsler 40 dargestellt, der zur Montage eines unverschlissenen Meißels 30 in der Meißelaufnahme 24 verwendet wird. Der Werkzeugwechsler 40 besitzt wiederum einen Stellmotor 43, der das Übertragungsglied 41 linear verstellt. Das Übertragungsglied 41 weist eine Montageglocke 44 auf. Diese ist mit einer Aufnahme 45 versehen, in der der zu montierende Meißel 30 mit seinem Meißelkopf 31 gehalten ist. Der Werkzeugwechsler 40 wird dementsprechend dem Meißelhalter 23 mittels einer Stelleinheit zugeordnet. Dabei steht dann der Schaft 33 gegenüberliegend dem Bohrungseintritt in die Meißelaufnahme 24. Anschließend wird der Stellmotor 43 aktiviert. Der Schaft 33 wird dann in die Meißelaufnahme 24 eingeschoben. Die Einfädelbewegung des Schaftes 33 in die Meißelaufnahme 24 wird mittels einer konischen Bohrungserweiterung 26 erleichtert. Nachdem der Meißel 30 in den Meißelhalter 23 montiert wurde, wird der Meißelkopf 31 von der Montageglocke 44 freigegeben. Der Stellmotor 43 bewegt sich wieder in seine Ausgangslage und steht dann für den nächsten Montagevorgang zur Verfügung.In Fig. 2 a tool changer 40 is shown which is used to mount an unworn bit 30 in the bit receptacle 24. The tool changer 40 in turn has a servomotor 43, which adjusts the transmission member 41 linearly. The transmission member 41 has a mounting bell 44. This is provided with a receptacle 45 in which the chisel 30 to be mounted is held with its chisel head 31. The tool changer 40 is accordingly assigned to the bit holder 23 by means of an actuating unit. In this case, then the shaft 33 is opposite the hole entry into the bit holder 24. Subsequently, the servo motor 43 is activated. The shaft 33 is then inserted into the bit receptacle 24. The threading movement of the shank 33 into the bit receptacle 24 is facilitated by means of a conical bore widening 26. After the bit 30 has been mounted in the bit holder 23, the bit head 31 is released from the mounting cup 44. The servomotor 43 moves back to its original position and is then available for the next assembly process.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Werkzeugwechsler können einzeln oder gemeinsam an einer Straßenfräse verwendet werden. Wenn sie gemeinsam Verwendung finden, so kann ein vollautomatischer Meißelwechsel durchgeführt werden.The in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown tool changer can be used individually or together on a road milling machine. If they are used together, then a fully automatic bit change can be performed.

Claims (11)

  1. Construction machine for processing ground surfaces, having a milling roller (10), on the surface of which a multiplicity of pick holders (23) are arranged, wherein a pick (30), in particular a round-shank pick, is interchangeably received in a pick receptacle (24) of the pick holder (23),
    wherein the milling roller (10) is assigned a tool changing device, which is a mechanical tool apparatus, and which has at least one tool changer (40) which can remove and/or mount the pick or picks (30),
    characterized
    in that an actuator of the tool changing device can position the at least one tool changer (40) relative to the milling roller (10) and can assign said at least one tool changer (40) to the individual pick holders (23) or groups of pick holders (23).
  2. Construction machine for processing ground surfaces, having a milling roller (10), on the surface of which a multiplicity of pick holders (23) are arranged, wherein a pick (30), in particular a round-shank pick, is interchangeably received in a pick receptacle (24) of the pick holder (23),
    wherein the milling roller (10) is assigned a tool changing device, which is a mechanical tool apparatus, and which has at least one tool changer (40) which can remove and/or mount the pick or picks (30),
    characterized
    in that an adjusting device positions the milling roller (10) or the pick (30) relative to the at least one tool changer (40), which is fixedly arranged on the machine.
  3. Construction machine according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized
    in that the tool changing device is arranged outside the milling roller (10).
  4. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized
    in that the tool changing device has the tool changer (40), which is assigned to all of the pick holders (23) simultaneously.
  5. Construction machine according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the milling roller (10) is coupled to a drive motor of the construction machine via a drive train,
    wherein the adjusting device has an auxiliary drive which is couplable to the drive train, which rotates the milling roller (10) in the raised state,
    wherein the torque of the auxiliary drive is greater than the moment of inertia of the milling roller (10) and of that part of the drive train that is moved together with the milling roller (10) with the drive motor switched off or decoupled.
  6. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized
    in that the actuator and/or the adjusting device is equipped with a computerized numerical control.
  7. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that the tool changer (40) has an attachment which acts on a shaped surface of the pick (30), and in that the attachment pulls or pushes the pick (30) out of the pick receptacle (24) or into the pick receptacle (24), or in that the tool changer (40) acts on the pick (30) in a force-fitting manner.
  8. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized
    in that the tool changing device conveys the removed pick (30) into a container directly or via a conveying device.
  9. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 8,
    characterized
    in that the tool changing device is assigned a separating device,
    and in that the separating device feeds picks (30) from a storage unit to the tool changing device.
  10. Construction machine according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized
    in that the milling roller (10) is assigned a detection device which checks the state of wear of the picks (30) or some of the picks (30) or of an individual pick (30) continuously, at intervals or on demand, and in that the detection device initiates or signals a tool change when a predetermined state of wear has been reached.
  11. Construction machine according to Claim 10,
    characterized
    in that at least one signal receiving unit of the detection device is assigned to at least one machine component that is involved directly or indirectly in the work process, in that the signal receiving unit senses an operating state of the machine component, and
    in that the signal receiving unit determines the state of wear via a signal processing arrangement.
EP04727518.5A 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine Expired - Lifetime EP1646484B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09003594.0A EP2060375B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel
EP15150872.8A EP2915642B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10331970A DE10331970B4 (en) 2003-07-14 2003-07-14 Construction machinery
PCT/EP2004/003940 WO2005005119A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine

Related Child Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09003594.0A Division EP2060375B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel
EP09003594.0A Division-Into EP2060375B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel
EP15150872.8A Division EP2915642B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine
EP15150872.8A Division-Into EP2915642B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1646484A1 EP1646484A1 (en) 2006-04-19
EP1646484B1 true EP1646484B1 (en) 2016-03-23

Family

ID=34041873

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04727518.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1646484B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine
EP09003594.0A Expired - Lifetime EP2060375B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel
EP15150872.8A Expired - Lifetime EP2915642B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09003594.0A Expired - Lifetime EP2060375B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Method for replacing chisel
EP15150872.8A Expired - Lifetime EP2915642B1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-04-15 Construction machine

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7401862B2 (en)
EP (3) EP1646484B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4714146B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1816432B (en)
AU (1) AU2004255307B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0412551B1 (en)
DE (1) DE10331970B4 (en)
RU (1) RU2332538C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2005005119A1 (en)

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DE10331970A1 (en) 2005-02-10
AU2004255307A1 (en) 2005-01-20
AU2004255307B2 (en) 2009-08-20
EP2915642B1 (en) 2017-06-28
RU2006104563A (en) 2006-08-27
EP2060375A1 (en) 2009-05-20
US7401862B2 (en) 2008-07-22
EP1646484A1 (en) 2006-04-19
CN1816432A (en) 2006-08-09
JP2007533875A (en) 2007-11-22
RU2332538C2 (en) 2008-08-27
DE10331970B4 (en) 2008-01-31
CN1816432B (en) 2010-10-27
BRPI0412551B1 (en) 2015-09-08
EP2060375B1 (en) 2016-05-18
EP2915642A1 (en) 2015-09-09
WO2005005119A1 (en) 2005-01-20
JP4714146B2 (en) 2011-06-29
US20070132304A1 (en) 2007-06-14
BRPI0412551A (en) 2006-09-19

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