Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
  • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
  • E02D29/0208—Gabions

Definitions

• Wir ballast damming Fastening and containment work known as "wire ballast damming" which is carried out along the banks of rivers or along coasts in order to prevent the rivers from overflowing and erosion of the coasts.
• These wire ballast entanglements usually have a prismatic shape and are made of mesh Made of galvanized steel wire and filled with stones or gravel.
• prismatic box-shaped baskets made of galvanized steel wire are used which with are covered in plastic, are equipped with transverse stiffening partitions and are filled with large stones.
• this wire ballast entanglement poses considerable problems, be it in the laying phase, especially when laying the first layer of the wire ballast boxes, which are exposed to the effects of the flowing water and are often laid on an irregular surface, which is continuously exposed to erosion, as well as during the following final phases, during the repair work and / or the subsequent increase work.
• the known wire ballast boxes have a modest weight in relation to the surface exposed to the flow and in practice cannot be laid in the flowing water because they would be adjusted by the water flow or the swell. Because of the relatively modest dimensions, the well-known wire ballast boxes have to be mostly by hand or at least by means of Workers are filled which are exposed to dangers and are forced to work in the water equipped with boots. Furthermore, the lattice structure of said wire ballast boxes is not very stable, so that when they are laid or when they are filled, excessive deformations easily occur, which make the laying of the higher wire ballast boxes questionable or difficult.
• the invention has for its object to provide a polyvalent module for the creation of wire ballast digging which is easy to assemble and transport, which is suitable to give these structures a remarkable dimensional stability during installation, while subsequently filling or when loads occur to break prevent a limited adaptation of the structure is possible, which has such a relationship between weight and the surface exposed to the water flow, which enables safe and definitive laying even in moving waters and / or on precarious ground.
• the invention proposes the use of a polyvalent module with an articulated pyramid-shaped structure which acts as reinforcement for the lattice structure of the individual wire ballast boxes, which in turn can be assembled in different ways and can be used for wire ballast entanglement of various shapes.
• the invention proposes the use of a structure which is known per se as an avalanche barrier element or as a consolidation element and is always anchored to the apex by means of plates, tie rods or anchor piles and is equipped with a network exclusively in the area of the base of the pyramid and which acts as a barrier for the purpose Restraining the mass of snow flowing down the valley works.
• the known pyramid structure consists essentially of a base area which is formed by four cross-shaped profiles which are articulated at the end of a tube or a profile and from wire ropes which form the outer Connect the ends of the four cross-shaped profiles by defining a square or rectangular circumference; the same ends of the cross-shaped profiles are also connected by wire ropes to the free end (apex of the pyramid) of the profile or tube, which takes the position of the pyramid height.
• the articulated pyramid structure is used according to the invention as a basic module for the creation of various reinforcement structures for wire ballast digging, whereby according to the invention it takes over the holding and support function for a wire ballast box or a lattice structure which consists of several surfaces and as a single module or in combination with several modules or module parts prevents excessive deformation of the individual surfaces and the overall shape of the wire ballast casing and also acts as ballast and as a considerable reinforcement of the fastening front or fastening fronts of the wire ballast casing.
• a grid for holding the stones together can be attached to each of the pyramid structures mentioned, this is attached within the cross-shaped profiles and inside or outside the wire cables which connect the outer ends of the said profiles of the base to the apex, the After filling, it is possible to form a pyramid-shaped wire ballast box or, in the case of grids extending upwards, in the region of the apex, to form a gusset-shaped wire ballast box.
• the free spaces can in turn be filled with stones, with or without the use of grids.
• the fastening front of a wire ballast enclosure created in this way is formed by the structures of the base areas of the pyramids, while in the case of soil consolidations this front forms the terrace or barrier which is anchored by the wire ballast lining, possibly created on a slope is.
• the pyramid structures according to the invention are simple to manufacture and are easy to assemble, they may enable preassembly and subsequent transport to the place of use, possibly by means of a helicopter, and this is also possible in the case of pyramid structures already equipped with grids.
• the pyramid structure acts as ballast and prevents the wire ballast box from being driven off by the water flow.
• the module described enables an extension by a second cross-shaped structure is provided at the apex, i.e. at the end of the tube or the profile which extends in accordance with the pyramid height, which corresponds to that on the base of the pyramid and has four joints, at the second end of the said tube or Profiles, defined profiles.
• the profile ends of each cross arrangement can be connected by means of wire ropes to the opposite end of the connecting tube or profus, thereby creating a structure for a prismatic wire ballast box, the connecting tube or -profile runs along the longitudinal axis of the prism.
• the attachment of the wire ropes to which the outer ends of the cross-shaped profiles are fastened also at a point in the central region or outside the center of the longitudinal extension of the tube or the profile or at two separate spaced points.
• the prismatic wire ballast box is formed in this case from grids which are attached within the two cross arrangements and inside or outside the wire cables, which are the corresponding outer ends of the cross-shaped profiles of the pyramid structures which are connected by a tube or profile and define the longitudinal edges of the prism ,
• the wire ballast damming which is created according to the invention offers itself by putting on, vertically extending, pipes or profiles in the area of the cross arrangements of the assembled pyramid structures to create a further wire ballast box which on the four vertical edges of the above-mentioned pipes or profiles together with any in between attached connecting or / and twisting wire ropes is supported.
• the grille that forms the outer surface at the end of the digging can also be equipped with a pyramid structure, the connecting pipe or profile that extends according to the pyramid height, with the connecting pipe or profile that connects the two cross arrangements or with one other structural element, can be connected.
• the wire ballast entanglement created in this way can be completely filled with mechanical means.
• the invention does not exclude that in the case of prismatic structures, the connecting wire ropes, between the outer ends of the cross arranged profiles and the connecting tube or profile between the two cross arrangements, can be replaced by wire ropes which connect the said ends of the profiles of a cross arrangement with those of the opposite cross arrangement, whereby they run parallel to one another and corresponding to the longitudinal edges of the prism, or the diagonals of the outer surfaces of the prism, or according to the room diagonals and overlap.
• a cube-shaped but also a prismatic wire ballast box can be equipped on all outer surfaces with an articulated cross arrangement, the tubes or profiles which are equipped with the articulated connecting part being connected in the central region of the geometric body.
• this structure enables the complete or partial recovery of the structural elements, without emptying the wire ballast basket created in this way, by loosening the fasteners at the outer ends of the cross-shaped profiles, by turning the profiles outwards in the manner of an inverted screen and by possibly loosening the grids and Pull out the connecting pipes or connecting profiles if they are arranged in a cross without being connected to each other.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a known pyramid structure which is installed as an avalanche barrier element with an apex anchored to the ground.
• Fig. 1a shows a side view of the detail of the articulation between the cross-shaped profiles which form the base of the pyramid structure shown in Fig. 1 and the tube or profile end which forms the apex of the pyramid with the opposite end.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a support structure according to the invention for a prismatic wire ballast box which is formed from the assembly of two pyramid-shaped modules, the apex of each of the pyramids corresponding to the joint on the base of the corresponding assembled pyramid.
• FIG. 2a shows a schematic plan view of the construction of a wire ballast mooring by means of several modules shown in FIG. 2, which are aligned with one another.
• Fig. 3 shows schematically a support structure according to the invention for a prismatic wire ballast box which was created by assembling two pyramid modules, the apex of the pyramids are located at the center at the connecting pipe or profile of the two base surfaces of the assembled pyramids.
• Fig. 4 shows schematically in plan view a polygonal wire ballast housing running in plan view which is composed of modules according to the invention.
• Fig. 5 shows schematically in perspective the creation of a cube-shaped wire ballast box whose shell is reinforced by four pyramid elements, the cross arrangements of the four lateral surfaces of the cube cover and the connecting pipes or profiles are connected to each other inside in the center of the cube.
• FIG. 5a shows a schematic plan view of the creation of a wire ballast damming by means of several modules shown in FIG. 2, the end face of the wire ballast box being reinforced at the end of the structure by a third pyramid element.
• FIG. 6 shows a front view of a filled, prismatic wire ballast box which is reinforced according to the invention and which is provided above with a structure with a circumferential grid in order to be able to be filled with stones from above.
• the pyramid structure which forms the basic module (Fig. 1, 1a) for the reinforcement and support of a wire ballast box essentially consists of a tube or profile 3 which has a connecting part 2 at one of the ends on which the ends of the cross-shaped profiles 1 are articulated ,
• the flanges 1a which protrude at one of the ends of the profile 1 are provided with a continuous bore 1b in order to be fixed by means of pins or bolts 4 to a connecting element 2 which has corresponding bores.
• the outer ends of the profiles 1 are connected by a wire rope 6 to form the base of the pyramid, these outer ends are further connected by wire rope 5 to the apex of the pyramid structure which is formed by the free end of the tube or profile 3 while at the other end the connecting element 2 is provided.
• the free end of this tube or profile 3 can also be provided with a connecting element 2, on which further cruciformly arranged and articulated profiles 1, mirrored to those at the opposite end, are provided.
• a structure is obtained from a double pyramid, the wire cables 5 being connected to the outer ones Ends of the cross-shaped profiles 1 are attached, are attached at the second end to the connecting element 2 of the opposite cross arrangement (Fig. 2).
• the outer ends of the profiles 1 of the two cross arrangements can also be connected to one another via wire ropes 7 without excluding these wire ropes from crossing each other.
• the grids which form the wire ballast box are arranged on the inside of the cross arrangements of the profiles 1, while the grids which form the rest of the development of the wire ballast box are fastened inside or outside to the wire cables 7 which define the longitudinal edges of the box.
• the wire cables 5 which connect the outer ends of the profiles 1 to the tube or profile 3, or to the connecting elements 2 in the central region of the longitudinal extension of the tube or profile 3, or at two spaced points; the anchoring of the wire ropes 5 of a cross arrangement can take place at the closer or at the more distant point, in which case there is an overlap between the wire ropes 5.
• the prismatic structure of a wire ballast basket reinforced by the pyramid-shaped module according to the invention can also be reinforced on one (FIG. 5a) or on several (FIG. 5) further surfaces by providing a further pyramid element whose tube or profile 3, forming an angle of 90 °, on the connecting pipe or profile 3 which connects the two cross arrangements of the support structure or is fixed on another element of the pyramid-shaped structure.
• a special design of the support structure for a wire ballast box which preferably has the shape of a cube (FIG. 5), but without excluding a prismatic shape, arises from the fact that on the four side surfaces of the cube and possibly also on the base surface and the upper surface Profiles 1 formed cross assembly together with the corresponding connecting elements 2 and the connecting tube 3, which possibly with that of the second or the third pair of cross arrangements is provided.
• This structure also offers the advantage that the entire structure becomes stable by mutually fixing the corresponding outer ends of the cross-shaped profiles 1, the cross arrangements being provided with circumferential wire cables 6.
• Such a structure enables the complete or partial recovery of the elements by loosening the fixations at the outer ends of the cross-shaped profiles 1, by turning them over as a reverse screen as a result of detachment from the grids 11 and by connecting tubes or connecting profiles 3 preferably upwards, are pulled through the loose layered material.
• each individual pyramid element can be provided with a metal grid or several pyramid elements can be connected so that a composite, e.g. polygonal structure is created, which is equipped with a metal grid.
• the pyramid element and the structures composed of two or more pyramid elements can be equipped with vertical structural elements 9 (FIG. 6) which protrude at the upper corner regions of the structure above the upper surface of the wire ballast box and at the upper ends 9a with wire ropes 9b and possible diagonal wire ropes 9c to be connected and equipped with a grid 10 for the purpose of forming a further wire ballast cell for increasing the entanglement.
• vertical structural elements 9 FIG. 6
• the grids 10, 11 which form the wire ballast box can be of different types and may be overlaid in more layers, furthermore separate grids can be used for the individual surfaces of a wire ballast box, which on the edges underneath and / or on wire cables or on other structural elements of the Support modules are attached.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
• Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
• Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
• Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
• Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
• Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=33548850

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2003
  • 2003-06-18 IT IT000033A patent/ITBZ20030033A1/it unknown
• 2004
  • 2004-06-15 ES ES04739903T patent/ES2299840T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-06-15 AT AT04739903T patent/ATE384170T1/de active
  • 2004-06-15 WO PCT/EP2004/006433 patent/WO2004111351A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-06-15 EP EP04739903A patent/EP1641981B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-06-15 DE DE502004005971T patent/DE502004005971D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events