EP1633599A1 - Capteur de couplage d'une remorque a un vehicule - Google Patents

Capteur de couplage d'une remorque a un vehicule

Info

Publication number
EP1633599A1
EP1633599A1 EP04716273A EP04716273A EP1633599A1 EP 1633599 A1 EP1633599 A1 EP 1633599A1 EP 04716273 A EP04716273 A EP 04716273A EP 04716273 A EP04716273 A EP 04716273A EP 1633599 A1 EP1633599 A1 EP 1633599A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trailer
tractor
electrical
linear element
circuits
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04716273A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Arthur Bure
Philip Hutchings
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TMC Consultancy Ltd
Original Assignee
TMC Consultancy Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TMC Consultancy Ltd filed Critical TMC Consultancy Ltd
Publication of EP1633599A1 publication Critical patent/EP1633599A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/30—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces
    • B60Q1/305—Indicating devices for towed vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60D—VEHICLE CONNECTIONS
    • B60D1/00—Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices
    • B60D1/58—Auxiliary devices
    • B60D1/62—Auxiliary devices involving supply lines, electric circuits, or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for determining between coupled and uncoupled conditions as between a vehicle and a trailer and which utilises an electrical connection sensor which senses the electrical interconnection of a vehicle tractor unit to a trailer unit.
  • truck tractor units are coupled together by both mechanical and electrical couplings.
  • the electrical coupling between truck tractor units and trailers provides for such services as lights, brake lights, indicators and is a standardised 7 pin ISO 1185 (24N) connector and other auxiliary equipment may be connected through a 7 pin ISO 3731 (24S) connector.
  • Most trailers are equipped with both types of connector and additionally some trailers may be equipped with an ISO 7638 connector for the ABS system on trailer if fitted.
  • the ABS system can be activated through a stop light pins of the ISO 1185 connector.
  • Recently a new ISO 12098 15 pin connector has been introduced to combine all the features of the other three connectors.
  • the only standard connector which all trailers have is the ISO 1185 connector and even when some trailers have other additional connectors some drivers only make the minimum electrical connections between the tractor unit and trailer to operate the lights and indicator, i.e. using the ISO 1185 connector, and therefore the trailer is provided with only intermittent electrical power when the brakes, lights, or indicators are operated through the ISO 1185 connector.
  • the present invention provides a device that can determine the coupled/uncoupled status between a vehicle and a trailer and which can be retrospectively incorporated into the existing light circuits of either a vehicle tractor unit or the trailer.
  • a detection device for determining between a coupled and uncoupled conditions of a tractor unit and a trailer, the device sensing the status of an electrical connector interconnecting electrical circuits on the tractor unit and a trailer and including a signal generator which generates a test signal and a monitor which monitor the impedance to said signal in said electrical circuits on both the tractor and trailer, the monitor detecting a change in impedance between electrically connected and disconnected conditions characterised in that the device includes a non linear element and the monitor detects a change in impedance by measuring the voltage across the non linear element when the detection device in use is located in series with said electrical circuits, and produces a further signal indicative of connection or disconnection.
  • the term "tractor unit” means any vehicle which is specifically adapted for towing a trailer, including articulated trailers, and draw bar trailers.
  • the non linear element has high resistance to DC at low voltages and a low resistance to DC above a predetermined voltage.
  • the non linear element may be made from a bridge rectifier with its output shorted and is preferably formed from a pair of Schottky rectifier diodes connected anode -to- cathode in parallel.
  • a micro controller acts as both the signal generator and monitor and pulses a small electrical current (for example 0.5mA) to the lighting circuit and measures voltage in the circuit, preferably across a non linear element.
  • the voltage (which is a function of the resistance ) is passed through an amplifier and then to the micro controller. From the voltage amplitude the microcontroller determines if the connector is coupled . When the resistance is above a predetermined value (for example 200 Ohms) the tractor and trailer circuits are disconnected , and when the resistance is below the predetermined value the circuits are connected.
  • the processor then sends a signal indicative of the condition of the connector.
  • the resistance of light bulbs is small when cold , and the predetermined value is set such that it is immaterial how many bulbs in the circuits conduct the test pulse when either hot or cold.
  • a tractor trailer combination having an electrical connector operable to interconnect a tractor lighting circuit with a trailer lighting circuit wherein a detection device according to the present invention is located in a lighting circuit in one of the tractor or trailer.
  • the lighting circuits may include the normal vehicle lighting circuits or alternatively may include a special dedicated electrical circuit installed specially for the operation of the detection device.
  • the device is conveniently placed in the trailer wiring system, preferably in series with the common ground line for the lighting systems.
  • the detection device is installed on said one of the tractor or trailer.
  • an electrical connector links the electrical lighting circuits on a tractor unit with electrical lighting circuits on a trailer and by a change of impedance in said lighting circuit when passing between trailer connected and trailer disconnected conditions is detected by measurement of the voltage across a non linear element when a small current is passed through the existing vehicle wiring circuit.
  • the change in impedance is measured in the common ground line for the tractor and trailer.
  • the integrity of the lighting circuit is maintained by use of the non-linear element.
  • Fig 1 shows a front elevation of the trailer half of a known tractor/trailer electrical connector showing the connector pin array
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing of tractor trailer circuits including the detection device according to the present invention
  • Fig.3 is a circuit diagram of the detection device.
  • the invention seeks to determine when a tractor unit and trailer unit are in a coupled or uncoupled state by sensing when the tractor and trailer are electrically interconnected .
  • Fig.1 there is shown half of a 7 pin standard trailer lighting connector 10 (ISO 1185).
  • ISO stands for International Standards Organisation which aims for world wide interchangeability as is agreed by committees of experts.
  • the seven pins 11-17 have various functions, pin 11 is common ground line , pins 12 and 16 are power inputs for the tail lights, pins 13 and 15 are power inputs for the direction indicators, pin 14 is a power inputs for the stop lights and pin 17 in the UK is typically a blank pin, but may be used in other countries for selected auxiliary functions.
  • FIG. 2 there is illustrated the lighting circuits L 1 for the tractor which are represented through by a single bulb 21 and circuit to the left of the dotted line L and the lighting circuits L2 for the trailer are represented by a single bulb 22 and circuit to the right of the line L.
  • the tractor and trailer lights 21 22 are operated by switch 24.
  • the two circuits are shown in the interconnected condition through a ISO connector 10.
  • the trailer is provided with a tracking & monitoring unit 23 however it will be appreciated that such systems may be installed in the tractor unit if desired.
  • a detection unit 30 according to the present invention is installed in series in the common ground line Gl in the trailer which leads to the pin 11 on the connector 10. The pin 11 connects into the common ground line G2 in the tractor unit.
  • the common ground line G2 is connected to all the lighting circuits on the tractor unit.
  • the respective light bulb filiaments in each circuit are connected to their respective trailer circuits through the respective power pins 12-16. Any output signal S from the detector 30 will therefore pass through the connector pin 11, ground line G2, through the bulbs 21 in the tractor, back through the respective power lines and connector pins 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16, trailer bulbs 22, through the ground line Gl and back to the detector unit 30.
  • the detector unit 30 senses a change in impedance in the combined tractor and trailer lighting circuits between the connected and disconnected condition when impedance is effectively infinite i.e. there is a open circuit.
  • FIG. 3 With reference to Fig. 3 there is shown the circuit for the detection unit or device 30 which uses a microcontroller 33 to sense the change in resistance in the lighting circuit between a connected condition and a disconnected condition.
  • the detection device receives a 12 v power supply via terminal 1 of junction block 36 which is passed through a voltage regulator 34 in the form of a low drop out exact 5 V smooth power supply which provides a constant 5V supply to pin 1 in the microcontroller 33 and to an amplifier 32.
  • the software in the microcontroller applies the sensing pulse, measures the resulting voltage pulse, and compares it to the pulse amplitude in the uncoupled state to determine if the trailer is electrically connected or disconnected.
  • the microcontroller 33 produces a pulsed signal (0.5mA) which is output from pin 3.
  • the microcontroller software provides timing and control of the pulse drive signal, so that the sensing is carried out effectively constantly, but is pulsed to conserve battery power.
  • the microcontroller 33 outputs the 0.5mA test pulse of lmS duration 5 times a second.
  • the pulsed signal passes through the lighting circuits via junction block 37 and the ground lines Gl & G2 and the resulting voltage in the circuit is measured by the microcontroller 33, in this case across a non linear element 31 placed across the test pulse out and return lines. Because the resistance of the non linear element is very high at very low voltages, a low current test signal of 0.5mA (5 x 10 ⁇ -4 Amperes) can be used to produce a measurable Voltage across the non-linear element.
  • the voltage signal from the lighting circuit is passed through an amplifier 32 and the amplified signal passes to pin 7 of the microcontroller 33.
  • the amplifier 32 amplifies the signal to about 2 Volts DC.
  • the micro controller software carries out Analogue to Digital conversions to sample the pulse voltage at a number of times relative to the start and end of the test current pulse, in order to determine the rise time and fall time of the voltage pulse. These time constants depend upon the AC impedance of the ground pin of the connector 10 , allowing detection of changes in capacitance and inductance and well as resistance.
  • Output pin 2 of the microcontroller is driven high to +5V to signal when the trailer is coupled, and low to 0V to signal when uncoupled. This signal is used to drive the tracking unit 23 or other electronic security systems, or can drive a LED indicator.
  • the pin 2 is connected to terminal 2 of the junction block 36 to facilitate connection to the tracking unit.
  • the software further provides gating and timing of the returned voltage pulse, to determine reliably in the presence of noise or electrical leakage, if the trailer is coupled or not.
  • the low amplitude current test signal results in a small Voltage signal of about 0.150 Volt DC, when the connector 10 is not coupled .
  • the parallel resistance of the lighting circuits in the vehicle will produce loading and consequent reduction in amplitude of this test signal, according to Ohm's law, which can be detected.
  • the connector 10 is disconnected the resistance approaches infinite.
  • the non linear element 31 will have a very high resistance to DC current at very low voltages (less than 0.2 Volts) but will have a very low resistance to DC current at any voltage higher than threshold voltage , in this case 0.2V.
  • the non linear element above 0.2 volts is forward biased and conducts so that the detection device is sensitive to small changes in impedance, while also introducing a negligibly small voltage loss into the lighting circuit.
  • the 24V vehicle lighting circuit is operated by switch 24 the non linear element prevents a high voltage signal from entering the detection device circuit.
  • the non-linear element 31 is made using two inverse parallel connected Schottky rectifier diodes. This will conduct current in either direction because the two individual rectifiers are connected anode-to-cathode in parallel. Because the resistance of the non linear element is very low at the DC voltages at which the vehicle electrics normally operate (24V DC for a commercial vehicle) it will have no adverse effect on the vehicle electrical system .
  • a conventional Silicon rectifier 35 is connected in parallel with the non linear element 31 so that the electrical circuit has continuity in the event of an open circuit failure in one of the Schottky diodes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un dispositif de détection (30) permettant de déterminer si une unité tracteur et une remorque sont couplées ou non. Le dispositif détecte l'état du connecteur électrique ISO (10), qui relie les circuits d'éclairage (L1 & L2) placés sur l'unité tracteur et sur une remorque, et comprend un générateur de signal (33), qui génère un signal d'essai, et un dispositif de contrôle (33), qui contrôle l'impédance des circuits (L1 & L2), le dispositif de contrôle (33) détectant une modification d'impédance dans ledit signal selon que la remorque est raccordée ou ne l'est pas. Le dispositif (30) selon l'invention comprend un élément non linéaire (31), et le dispositif de contrôle (33) détecte une modification d'impédance en mesurant la tension aux bornes de l'élément non linéaire (31) lorsque le dispositif de détection, en cours d'utilisation, est placé en série avec lesdits circuits, et génère un autre signal indiquant si la remorque est raccordée ou non.
EP04716273A 2003-03-08 2004-03-02 Capteur de couplage d'une remorque a un vehicule Withdrawn EP1633599A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0305344A GB2399467B (en) 2003-03-08 2003-03-08 An electrical connection sensor
PCT/GB2004/000870 WO2004078519A1 (fr) 2003-03-08 2004-03-02 Capteur de couplage d'une remorque a un vehicule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1633599A1 true EP1633599A1 (fr) 2006-03-15

Family

ID=9954391

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04716273A Withdrawn EP1633599A1 (fr) 2003-03-08 2004-03-02 Capteur de couplage d'une remorque a un vehicule

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1633599A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2399467B (fr)
WO (1) WO2004078519A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10670479B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2020-06-02 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US10696109B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2020-06-30 Methode Electronics Malta Ltd. Magnetolastic based sensor assembly
US11084342B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2021-08-10 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11135882B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2021-10-05 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11221262B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-01-11 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11491832B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-11-08 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing

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GB2417118A (en) 2004-08-14 2006-02-15 Tmc Consultancy Ltd Asset tracking assembly with removable tracking device
WO2007032716A1 (fr) * 2005-09-16 2007-03-22 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Procédé et dispositif pour détecter des lampes de signalisation dans un véhicule
DE102007055442A1 (de) * 2007-11-20 2009-05-28 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose von einer Antennenverbindung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102008023887A1 (de) 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Kraftfahrzeug mit einer demontierbaren Anhängerkupplung
US9174503B2 (en) 2010-03-18 2015-11-03 Grote Industries, Inc. Environment activated automatic shut-off switch system and method
GB2480811B (en) * 2010-05-31 2017-09-20 Amber Valley Dev Ltd Towing socket assembly
GB201119368D0 (en) 2011-11-10 2011-12-21 Agco Int Gmbh Electrical supply arrangement on a vehicle
US9199521B2 (en) 2013-02-19 2015-12-01 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Trailer theft detection and alarm
GB201320680D0 (en) * 2013-11-22 2014-01-08 Rodway James Trailer light arrangement
US20170100975A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-13 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Automatic Trailer Lighting Control
US11448679B2 (en) * 2019-12-19 2022-09-20 Allan Gendelman System and method for testing a tractor trailer
DE102020204036A1 (de) * 2020-03-27 2021-09-30 Bucher Hydraulics Ag System zur Verteilung von elektrischer Energie

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10696109B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2020-06-30 Methode Electronics Malta Ltd. Magnetolastic based sensor assembly
US10940726B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2021-03-09 Methode Electronics Malta Ltd. Magnetoelastic based sensor assembly
US10670479B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2020-06-02 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11084342B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2021-08-10 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11135882B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2021-10-05 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11221262B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-01-11 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing
US11491832B2 (en) 2018-02-27 2022-11-08 Methode Electronics, Inc. Towing systems and methods using magnetic field sensing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0305344D0 (en) 2003-04-09
GB2399467B (en) 2005-11-23
WO2004078519A1 (fr) 2004-09-16
GB2399467A (en) 2004-09-15

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