EP1627220A1 - Arrangement and method for the optical detection of chemical and biochemical molecules and/or particles contained in samples - Google Patents
Arrangement and method for the optical detection of chemical and biochemical molecules and/or particles contained in samplesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1627220A1 EP1627220A1 EP04738589A EP04738589A EP1627220A1 EP 1627220 A1 EP1627220 A1 EP 1627220A1 EP 04738589 A EP04738589 A EP 04738589A EP 04738589 A EP04738589 A EP 04738589A EP 1627220 A1 EP1627220 A1 EP 1627220A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- optical
- sensor element
- arrangement according
- sample
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
- G01N21/553—Attenuated total reflection and using surface plasmons
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for the optical detection of chemical, biochemical molecules and / or particles contained in samples, in which the surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which changes as a function of the optical refractive index, can be used for the optical detection.
- SPR surface plasmon resonance
- the analyte can be detected on general receptor-ligand systems, for example on the most varied Antigen-antibody combinations are based. Proteins, molecules, particles and other substances contained in biological fluids can be detected.
- this object is achieved with an arrangement which has the features of claim 1 and a method according to claim 21.
- Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention can be achieved with the features specified in the subordinate claims.
- the arrangement for optical detection according to the invention is designed in such a way that light from a light source is directed to an optical detector via at least one sensor element, which in turn is at least partially configured as an optical waveguide for the light.
- the light guidance within the optical waveguide or a correspondingly designed sensor element takes place in a manner known per se.
- at least one electrically conductive thin layer is formed on the surface of an interface on the sensor element.
- the thin layer can be formed from various metals, preferably from gold or silver, with layer thicknesses in the range between 20 and 200 nm, changes in reflectivity due to changes in the surface plasmon resonance being caused by changes in the refractive index within a narrowly limited range above the thin film can be used simultaneously.
- one or more measuring surfaces preferably for different analytes, have been arranged or formed.
- the guidance within the optical waveguide or a correspondingly designed sensor element then takes place in such a way that the light strikes the interface in this area in such a way that an all-angle above the total reflection angle, taking into account predefinable wavelengths and the respective one
- Refractive indices are observed so that surface plasmon resonance can be achieved.
- Shape directed light can be reflected at least once.
- the sensor element used in the arrangement according to the invention is designed so that on
- An aspherical, convexly curved optically effective surface is formed on each end face for the light entry and the light exit.
- the excitation light of the light source within the sensor element or the area forming an optical waveguide can be focused and directed with the previously described angles of incidence onto the interface area on which the thin film and the measurement area are arranged become.
- Adherence to the desired angle of incidence for the light on the optical interface can be achieved by appropriate design of the aspherically curved surface, taking into account the dimensioning and, accordingly, the reflection conditions within the sensor element or the optical waveguide of a part forming the sensor element.
- the aspherical, convexly curved surface on the light exit side is accordingly contoured and arranged in such a way that a collimated exit of the light from the sensor element or waveguide in the direction of an optical detector is achieved.
- Such an optical detector is preferably designed such that a spatially resolved measurement can take place. Accordingly, several CCD lines, a CCD matrix or an optical detector designed in CMOS technology can be used for such a spatially resolved measurement.
- the light intensity can then be carried out in a spatially resolved manner as a function of angles of incidence of the light on the aforementioned optical interface in the area of thin films and / or measurement areas and thus at least one analyte to be detected can be qualitatively / quantitatively detected.
- Such a sensor element which is formed or composed as a part but also from an optical waveguide and a cover part, which will be referred to in the following, can be used for a single use in an appropriately designed arrangement, which essentially consists of further information in FIG optical elements arranged in a suitable form with respect to one another are formed, used and, after analysis has been carried out, removed and disposed of in a manner which is harmless to health and the environment.
- the optical arrangement addressed can thus be be made up of two parts, namely an excitation part and a detection part that can be identified.
- the excitation part uses at least one light source, which preferably emits monochromatic light.
- Suitable light sources e.g. Laser diodes or light emitting diodes are used.
- the light sources used should on the one hand emit light that is as incoherent as possible and on the other hand should have a light exit surface that is as punctiform as possible.
- optical elements can be arranged in the sensor element or the optical waveguide.
- an optical diaphragm the gap of which is slit-shaped, should be arranged accordingly.
- an optical filter which in turn is preferably a bandpass filter that is matched to the respective wavelength of the light used.
- a collimating optical element is advantageous, but not absolutely necessary.
- a divergence of the light emitted by the light source taking into account the distance of the light source or an optical diaphragm from the aspherically curved surface of the sensor element / waveguide, by a divergence of the light aspherical curvature can be at least partially compensated.
- At least the measurement areas should be arranged at a distance from one another.
- Such a number of thin layers and / or measuring surfaces can then form a row arrangement, the individual measuring surfaces lying on a common longitudinal axis.
- This longitudinal axis should then be aligned as orthogonally as possible to the optical axis, that is to say also orthogonally to the beam direction of the light guided by the sensor element / optical waveguide.
- TM-polarized light should be used for the detection of one or more different analytes on measuring surfaces of a sensor element / optical fiber.
- Such TM polarization can be determined by the respective
- Light source take place or can be achieved by means of additional optical elements suitable for this purpose, which can be arranged in the beam path of the light before or also after the sensor element / optical waveguide.
- TM-polarized light can be imaged on the optical detector for a spatially resolved detection.
- the spatially resolved intensities of the TM-polarized light should preferably be normalized using reference signals. Such reference signals can be determined by correspondingly also spatially resolved intensities of an image of TE-polarized light on the or another optical detector and the normalization can be carried out by forming quotients.
- the detection of TM and TE polarized light can be carried out separately from one another locally, but also alternately one after the other at different times.
- a polarization beam splitter can be used, for example, via which the light emerging from the sensor element / optical waveguide is polarized in the two different planes and imaged on one or two optical detectors.
- the light polarized in one plane can be directed directly and the other polarized light in each case can be directed onto a common optical detector by means of a suitable deflection prism.
- a suitable deflection prism When the sensor element is irradiated with polarized light, it is possible to arrange a polarization rotator between the light source and the light entry into the sensor element or the optical waveguide. With the polarization rotator, an alternating polarization of the light radiated into the sensor element or optical waveguide in the two designated polarization planes can be achieved by means of a corresponding electronic circuit.
- a further possibility for obtaining reference signals is to form surfaces on the sensor element or the part of a sensor element forming the optical waveguide between the measuring surfaces and / or thin layers at an angle inclined with respect to the interface. Their angle of inclination should preferably be chosen such that light reflected from these surfaces is directed as perpendicularly as possible from the sensor element / optical waveguide to an additional optical detector arranged there.
- Microfluidic structures are advantageously formed on the sensor element to be used according to the invention.
- a fluid sample can flow at least to the respective measuring surfaces, whereby this can be achieved by capillary forces at least, however, by means of capillary force support.
- microfluidic structures are advantageous because formed and arranged that not only a corresponding sample liquid transport to measuring surfaces, but also functionalization, sample preparation or sample modification can take place during the flowing movement of a liquid sample.
- a sample receiving area should be available on a sensor element, from which the sample can flow to measuring surfaces via microfluidic structures in channel form.
- a receiving chamber in which the liquid sample can be collected after detection and stored encapsulated in a secure form until a sensor element is safely disposed of after use.
- sample receiving area and receiving chamber further areas can be formed in a microstructured form.
- an area can be provided between the sample receiving space and measuring surfaces for separating solids from the liquid sample.
- a membrane or another suitable material can be accommodated in such an area, so that solids contained in the liquid, which disrupt analysis, are retained, for example by filtering.
- a further area can also be present in microstructured form, in which bonds to specific analytes are initiated in a targeted manner.
- immobilization can also be carried out in such an area, as may be necessary, for example, in sandwich assays.
- active binding and thus removal of disruptive components or modification of certain components of the analyte can occur. consequences .
- a liquid sample that is possibly subjected to sample preparation or also sample modification then arrives at appropriately prepared measuring areas, on which complementary partners or other suitable capture molecules or capture substances for the respective analyte have then been immobilized in advance, so that the respective analyte can bind accordingly.
- a sensor element can also be formed from two interconnected individual elements, namely an optical waveguide and a cover part.
- the aspherical, convex curved surfaces and at least one electrically conductive thin layer are then formed on the optical interface on the optical waveguide on its opposite end faces for light entry and exit.
- microfluidic structures already mentioned can then be formed on the underside of a cover part, which in turn is placed on the optical waveguide and can be permanently connected to it.
- a sensor element that is almost completely sealed in this way can be handled safely by the respective laboratory personnel during the detection and can be disposed of safely after the detection.
- a sample can already be contained in the sensor element.
- a sensor element Before the actual detection, that is to say an analysis to be carried out, a sensor element can be inserted without problems into a correspondingly designed and dimensioned receptacle of an arrangement according to the invention, and at the same time a sufficiently precise adjustment with respect to the optical elements for the coupling in and out of light can be achieved, so that even relatively inexperienced laboratory personnel can easily be handled.
- the sensor elements can, at least on the
- Optical waveguide area applies, are made from a transparent plastic for the light used by the light source.
- a plastic cover part can preferably also be used, in which case the transparency of the plastic is not absolutely necessary.
- the production can take place, for example, by stamping, hot stamping, but also in the plastic injection molding process.
- microfluidic structures can also be embossed into the respective workpiece during such production, but can also be subsequently formed by a corresponding material removal, for example using a laser.
- the two parts should be connected to one another as materially as possible.
- the previously mentioned electrically conductive thin Layers that are required at least in the area of the measuring surfaces can be formed on the surface of an optical interface by known CVD or PVD methods.
- Sensor elements can be kept in various modifications, which relates in particular to a specific adaptation to certain analytes.
- FIG. 1 in schematic form an example of an arrangement according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows a second example of an arrangement according to the invention
- Figure 3 shows a third example of an arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a sensor element • with microfluidic structures
- Figure 5 is a side sectional view through a sensor element with a plan view
- FIG. 6 shows a side view in section of a modified sensor element with a top view
- FIG. 7B shows a diagram of the relative intensities of TM and TE polarized light detected by means of an optical detector as a function of the angle of incidence on the optical interface.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an arrangement according to the invention in a preferred embodiment of a sensor element 5.
- a light source 1 for example a punctiform LED
- a collimating optical element 2 to an optical bandpass filter 3 (FWHM with a transmission width of 10 nm around the wavelength of the light emitted by the LED, which is matched to a predetermined wavelength of the light from the light of the light source 1 ) directed through a slit diaphragm 4 onto an aspherical, convexly curved surface 6 of the sensor element and broken at the optically effective surface 6 of the sensor element 5 and, as indicated by the broken line, onto an optical interface of the sensor element 5, which is made of transparent plastic is formed, focused.
- FWHM optical bandpass filter
- the light entering sensor element 5 in this way is largely free of bacon.
- the line focus is in the area of at least one electrically conductive thin layer 11, which here consists of a ner 50 nm thick gold layer is arranged.
- At least one measuring surface 13 is present on the electrically conductive thin layer 11, on which, for example, molecules or binding partners suitable for binding are immobilized.
- the focusing takes place in such a way that the light within sensor element 5 strikes in the area of thin film 11 and measuring surfaces 13 with an angle of incidence above the critical angle for total reflection. This ensures that surface plasmon resonance can be achieved in this area used for the analysis.
- a beam expansion optics 14 is also shown in optional form, with which an enlarged image on an optical detector 10 and an adaptation to the respective surface of the optical detector 10 that can be used for the detection can be achieved.
- a polarization beam splitter 8 is arranged in front of the optical detector 10, with the aid of which TM-polarized light 15 can be directed onto the optical detector 10.
- TE-polarized light 16 is transmitted by means of the polarization tion beam splitter 8 directed at right angles to a deflection prism 9 and in turn imaged on the optical detector 10 in addition to the TM-polarized light.
- the optical detector 10 is connected to an electronic evaluation unit 18, in which an evaluation can be carried out.
- the intensity values can then also be normalized with the aid of the TM and TE polarized light intensities.
- FIG. 2 shows a second example of an arrangement according to the invention, in which in particular the sensor element 5 has been modified compared to the sensor element 5 used in the example according to FIG. 1.
- the sensor element 5 used in the example shown in FIG. 2 has been provided with an electrically conductive and here also light-reflecting thin layer 11 in a significantly larger area.
- the light from the light source 1 is again via a collimating optical element 2, an optical one
- Bandpass filter 3 an optical aperture 4 directed in collimated form on the sensor element 5.
- the light enters here on a planar surface area of the sensor element.
- the light should be directed as far as possible at a right angle onto the planar surface area of the sensor element. In this way reflection of light can be prevented and the homogeneity of the injected light can be improved.
- the optical refractive index of the sensor element 5 Taking into account the optical refractive index of the sensor element 5, however, other angles of incidence of the light 12 can also be selected, these in turn then having to take into account the aspherical curvature of the surface 6.
- the aspherical curvature of the surface 6 is selected such that incident light is reflected into the sensor element 5 and is focused at the same time. After a second reflection at the optical interface arranged below, the focused light, analogous to that already described in the example according to FIG. 1, strikes the optical interface (arranged above) of the sensor element 5 in order to achieve surface plasmon resonance in the range of at least a measuring surface 13.
- the light is again directed to a lower optical interface and from there to a second, also aspherical, convexly curved surface 7 of the sensor element arranged at the light exit of the sensor element 5.
- the light is reflected in a collimated form from the surface 7 from the sensor element in the direction of an optical detector 10.
- the light reflected in collimated form from the sensor element 5 can then be directed again to the optical detector 10 via a beam expansion optics 14, polarization beam splitter 8, deflection prism 9, as TM and TE polarized light 15 and 16.
- FIG. 3 uses a sensor element 5, as is also described in the example according to FIG. 1 has been .
- the light from the light source 1 is in turn directed via a collimating optical element 2, an optical bandpass filter 3, an optical slit diaphragm 4 onto the aspherical, convexly curved surface 6 arranged at the light entry of the sensor element 5.
- a collimating optical element 2 an optical bandpass filter 3
- an optical slit diaphragm 4 onto the aspherical, convexly curved surface 6 arranged at the light entry of the sensor element 5.
- this light penetrates a polarization filter in this example in combination with a polarization rotator 17 which can be switched under voltage control.
- Appropriate circuitry which is carried out by the electronic evaluation and control unit 18, alternates between TM and TE polarized light into the sensor element 5 and correspondingly polarized light then strikes the optical detector 10 at different times, so that the intensities of TM- and TE-polarized light are detected one after the other in a spatially resolved manner and in the electronic evaluations - And control unit 18 can be processed and evaluated.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a sensor element 5 with microfluid structure elements formed thereon in schematic form.
- a sample receiving space 20 is formed on the sensor element 5, into which the sample, as already mentioned in the general part of the description, can also be supplied by means of a pipette or cannula but also via correspondingly suitable lines.
- An area 21 adjoins this sample receiving space. Solids contained in the respective liquid sample can be separated in this area.
- Such a sample preparation or sample modification is followed by a channel 24 through which a sample can flow over the measuring surfaces 13, which are in turn arranged in a row here, and ultimately the liquid sample can be taken up in the receiving chamber 25.
- Electrically conductive thin layers 11 which cannot be seen here are formed at least below the measuring surfaces 13.
- the measuring light used for the excitation of surface plasmon resonance is coupled into the aspherical, convexly curved surface 6 and emerges again from the sensor element 5 on the also aspherically, convexly curved surface 7.
- Measuring surfaces 13 parallel and the row arrangement of the measuring surfaces 13 aligned orthogonally to the beam direction, that is also to the optical axis of the light.
- the flow direction of the liquid sample in the example shown here is therefore at right angles to the beam direction of the light.
- Figure 5 shows in schematic form a sectional side view through a two-part sensor element 5 with attached cover part 19, the lower part of the sensor element 5 forms exclusively an optical waveguide, on the outer end faces of which the aspherical, convex surfaces 6 and 7 are formed.
- electrically conductive thin layers 11 and measuring surfaces 13 are in turn spaced apart and in a row arrangement.
- a groove-shaped incision forming a microchannel is formed above the measuring surfaces 13, through which the respective sample can flow to and over the measuring surfaces 13.
- the spaced-apart row arrangement of measuring surfaces 13 is illustrated by the upper illustration in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 6 in turn shows a sensor element 5 which has been slightly modified compared to the example of a sensor element 5 with cover part 19 shown in FIG. It is clear from the lower sectional view on the side that surfaces 26 which are inclined at an angle are additionally formed between adjacent measuring surfaces 13.
- the light not used for the actual measurement of the surface plasmon resonance excitation is reflected on these inclined surfaces 26 and is directed as a reference signal onto an optical detector 29.
- Diffraction effects can be suppressed by means of the inclined surfaces 26 and an improved separation of signals from adjacent measuring surfaces 13 can be achieved.
- such an optical detector 29 can be arranged directly below the sensor element 5.
- a collimating optical element 28 can be arranged between the sensor element 5 and the optical detector 29.
- the optical detector 29 can in turn be connected to an electronic evaluation and control unit 18 in a form not shown and can be used for referencing / normalizing the measuring light, which in turn is preferably used in TM-polarized form.
- FIG. 7A images of TM-polarized light 15 and TE-polarized light 16 for individual measuring surfaces 13 are shown with the optical detector 10.
- the strip-shaped images 30 and 31 are the TM- and TE-polarized image of a measuring surface 13 for the respective angles of incidence of the incident in this area and on the optical interface of reflected light.
- FIG. 7B shows a diagram of the relative intensities for a measuring surface 13, which are determined as a function of the respective angle of incidence.
- the curve 30 represents the intensity of TM-polarized light 15, which is detected as a function of the angle of incidence
- the curve 31 shows the intensity values for TE-polarized light 16 which are dependent on the detected angle of incidence.
- the curve shape 32 is a normalization of the curve shapes 30 and 31 determined by forming the quotient.
- the respective angle of incidence at which an intensity minimum has been determined can be used for the detection of analytes.
- a concentration determination for analytes can be carried out by means of the respective mass assignment on measuring surfaces 13 by calculation from measured values 32.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003124973 DE10324973B4 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2003-05-27 | Arrangement and method for the optical detection of chemical, biochemical molecules and / or particles contained in samples |
PCT/DE2004/001135 WO2004106901A1 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2004-05-26 | Arrangement and method for the optical detection of chemical and biochemical molecules and/or particles contained in samples |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1627220A1 true EP1627220A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
Family
ID=33482406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04738589A Ceased EP1627220A1 (en) | 2003-05-27 | 2004-05-26 | Arrangement and method for the optical detection of chemical and biochemical molecules and/or particles contained in samples |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1627220A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10324973B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004106901A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4893032B2 (en) * | 2006-03-15 | 2012-03-07 | オムロン株式会社 | Optical component, optical sensor and surface plasmon sensor |
DE102006024355B4 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-04-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Microfluidic arrangement for the detection of chemical, biochemical molecules and / or particles contained in samples |
DE102006041338B3 (en) * | 2006-09-01 | 2007-11-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Plasma resonance sensor for biosensor, has partial area of metallic section illuminated in form of illuminated line on light source and comprising parallel illuminated lines all-over angular spectrum |
JP2010025580A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-02-04 | Olympus Corp | Optical unit |
DE102010038431A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Diasys Diagnostic Systems Gmbh | Measuring cassette and measuring device for the detection of target molecules in a liquid sample by measuring fluorescence emission after excitation in the evanescent field |
DE102021112256A1 (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2022-06-30 | Interherence GmbH | opto-electronic chip |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0341928A1 (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1989-11-15 | AMERSHAM INTERNATIONAL plc | Improvements relating to surface plasmon resonance sensors |
SE462408B (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-06-18 | Pharmacia Ab | OPTICAL BIOSENSOR SYSTEM USING SURFACE MONITORING RESONSE FOR THE DETECTION OF A SPECIFIC BIOMOLIC CYCLE, TO CALIBRATE THE SENSOR DEVICE AND TO CORRECT FOUND BASELINE OPERATION IN THE SYSTEM |
GB9019999D0 (en) * | 1990-09-13 | 1990-10-24 | Amersham Int Plc | Biological sensors |
US5485277A (en) * | 1994-07-26 | 1996-01-16 | Physical Optics Corporation | Surface plasmon resonance sensor and methods for the utilization thereof |
US5776785A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-07 | Diagnostic Products Corporation | Method and apparatus for immunoassay using fluorescent induced surface plasma emission |
US6312888B1 (en) * | 1998-06-10 | 2001-11-06 | Abbott Laboratories | Diagnostic assay for a sample of biological fluid |
CN1344366A (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2002-04-10 | 维尔有限公司 | Surface plasmon resonance sensor |
AU2002327220A1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-29 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Surface plasmon resonance imaging of micro-arrays |
DE10145719A1 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2003-04-10 | Inst Chemo Biosensorik | Optical hydrogen sensor comprises an optically transparent substrate with a first surface, and a hydrogen-sensitive layer containing or consisting of a metal, metal oxide or polymer |
DE10151312C2 (en) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-08-28 | Vir As Taastrup | Surface plasmon resonance sensor |
KR20030047567A (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-06-18 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Surface plasmon resonance sensor system |
-
2003
- 2003-05-27 DE DE2003124973 patent/DE10324973B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-05-26 EP EP04738589A patent/EP1627220A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-05-26 WO PCT/DE2004/001135 patent/WO2004106901A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004106901A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10324973A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
WO2004106901A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
DE10324973B4 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
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