EP1621814A2 - Thermoelementsicherheitsvorrichtung für flammenkontrolle und thermoelementkörper - Google Patents

Thermoelementsicherheitsvorrichtung für flammenkontrolle und thermoelementkörper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1621814A2
EP1621814A2 EP05380106A EP05380106A EP1621814A2 EP 1621814 A2 EP1621814 A2 EP 1621814A2 EP 05380106 A EP05380106 A EP 05380106A EP 05380106 A EP05380106 A EP 05380106A EP 1621814 A2 EP1621814 A2 EP 1621814A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flame
thermocouple
sleeve
sensing head
thermoelectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05380106A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1621814A3 (de
Inventor
Jose A. Guirado Tristan
Juan Herzog Delgado
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orkli SCL
Original Assignee
Orkli SCL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orkli SCL filed Critical Orkli SCL
Publication of EP1621814A2 publication Critical patent/EP1621814A2/de
Publication of EP1621814A3 publication Critical patent/EP1621814A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/725—Protection against flame failure by using flame detection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/10—Arrangement or mounting of ignition devices
    • F24C3/103—Arrangement or mounting of ignition devices of electric ignition devices

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a safety thermocouple for detecting flame failure, wherein the construction of the tubular thermocouple body is adapted to a cooking gas burner for a quick valve actuation.
  • thermocouples for detecting flame presence or absence when installed in the vicinity of a cooker gas burner provided with a crown with radial flame outlets.
  • This type of thermocouple has a temperature sensing head and one of the flames impinges on a surface area of the sensing head generating an electromotive force (e.m.f.) that supplies the safety valve actuator, holding the valve open. After the flame has gone out, the electromagnetic valve is closed by the force of a spring when, as a result of cooling, the e.m.f. generated drops below a threshold value specific to the valve electromagnetic valve.
  • the valve e.m.f. threshold and response time values obtained for the latching and delatching of the actuator are dependent on the type of valve used and on the scatter of values in their production.
  • thermocouple in relation to the flame is chosen in order to maintain a balance between the two latching and delatching times wanted, since a faster response to heating brings about a lengthening of the delatching time during cooling.
  • EP-597157-A, EP-552135-A, GB-2249383-A and FR-2062094-A show examples of a thermocouple of known construction fitted to a cooker top burner.
  • thermocouple is represented with a construction that corresponds to the prior art adapted to a cooker top burner "BU".
  • the thermocouple 20 is positioned with its vertical axis "A" on a support "SP” in the burner.
  • the flame emitted by the burner BU is regulated between two flame sizes of different calorific power, the maximum power long flame “F1” and the minimum power short flame “F2”.
  • the thermocouple sensing head 21-22 is positioned at a given distance of horizontal separation "E” from the burner "BU", and at a given vertical height "H” from the support "SP” adjusted in relation to the flame outlet, so that, once the flame is extinguished, the thermocouple 20 does not continue to be warmed by the residual heat of the burner body.
  • thermocouple 20 is constructed from an outer tubular sleeve 21-23 made from a thermoelectric alloy, for instance Ni-Cr, a poor heat conductor, which makes up the outer conductor of the thermoelectric couple.
  • a rigid conductor 25 of a different alloy, which makes up the inner conductor of the couple, is guided into the sleeve 21-23 of the transmission body.
  • the thermocouple sensing head 21-22 comprises a smaller diameter upper end 21 press-stamped on one end of a thermoelectric rod 25 and then welded at its tip.
  • the hot junction "HJ1" constructed in this way is in thermal contact with the metal surface of the head 21-22 heated by the flame.
  • the flame reception head at the end of the sleeve 23 also comprises a frustoconical transition portion 22 of an intermediate diameter.
  • the base 24 of the transmission body (FIG. 2) comprises a larger diameter tube than the sleeve 23 made of brass, a good electrical and thermal conductor, and connected to the sleeve 23 telescopically and welded to it, forming a "cold junction" CJ2.
  • the tubular body 23-24 has a uniform inside diameter snug-fitting to an inner insulating sleeve 26 for the inner conductor 25.
  • the insulating sleeve begins behind the conical portion 22 and extends as far as behind the support "SP".
  • the end of the inner rod 25 is welded to another semi-rigid copper rod 25' for the electrical connection of the thermocouple cold junction "CJ1".
  • the cold junction CF1-CJ2 is spaced at the height of the means of support "SP" for the thermocouple at the end provided with the support means 27.
  • the thermocouple tubular body 23-24 is provided with a supporting lip or ridge 27 for fixing the thermocouple and its vertical positioning on the support "SP" associated with the burner.
  • thermocouple construction like that described above are those shown in US-3332803, US-3556864, US-4021268, FR-2696531-A3, EP-1215473 and JP 07031087, Rinnai Corp (date of publication 03.09.96), which have an adapter or connector for fixing the thermocouple to the support so as to adjust the position E, H of the sensing head in relation to the flame F1.
  • the sensing head 21-22 is swept by the long flame "F1" and the junction HJ1 is heated up to about 500°C to generate the rated e.m.f. value.
  • the short flame F2 does not reach the surface of the head 21-22.
  • thermocouple 20 In the prior state of the art (FIG. 2) the construction of the thermocouple 20 is of the type with dual "hot junctions" spaced apart from each other in the axial direction, as described in EP-607099-A2, wherein the e.m.f. generated by the secondary junction HJ2 is opposed electrically to the e.m.f. generated at the primary junction HJ1, in order to increase the speed of response during cooling and reduce the delatching interval.
  • the end 21 of the thermocouple head 20 has a diameter of around 2 mm, the outer sleeve 23 of the body a diameter of around 3.3 mm, and the tubular base 24 of the body an approximate diameter of 6 mm.
  • the length of the end 21 of the head is around 4.5 mm and the angle of inclination alpha-1 ( ⁇ 1) of the frustroconical area 22 in relation to a vertical axis "A" of the thermocouple is around 13 degrees or less.
  • the time of cooling down to the delatching threshold value Vde depends not only on the rate of dissipation of heat from the head 21-22 through the body 23-24, but also on the temperature value reached in the metal wall of the head 21-22 due to impingement of the flame F1.
  • dotted lines are used to represent the typical curves 28L and 28S of the e.m.f. (mV) / t (sec) corresponding to the response of the thermocouple 20 of the prior art (FIG. 2) heated by the long flame F1 or short flame F2 respectively, and the typical cooling curve 28C after the flame has gone out.
  • a highest "armature delatching" threshold value Ve of some safety valve SV actuators among the overall production, is around 2.5 mV under load, so an initial time “t1'-t0" of heating with flame F1 is around 4 seconds (FIG.
  • threshold value Vde in the same actuator unit for the "armature delatching" and valve cutting-off is 2.2 mV, somewhat less than that due to a hysteresis " ⁇ Vde”, so that after extinguishment of the long flame F1 at time “te” (FIG. 5), the deactivation and closure of the valve "SV” occurs after an interval of time “t3'-te” of around 20 seconds.
  • some units have a delatching threshold value Vde-min of around 1 mV under load. As a result, the cooling interval "t3'-te" for the delatching of an SV actuator whose value Vde is minimal is prolonged up to 40 seconds (FIG. 4).
  • thermocouple 20 of the prior art (FIG. 2) is heated by a long flame F1, which is generating a high e.m.f. value (mV), as in curve 28L in FIG. 4, and the user changes the gas flow of the burner BU to minimum, continuing cooking with the short flame F2.
  • thermocouple 20 does not generate a sufficient maintenance e.m.f. above said value Vde, and the cooking process is interrupted involuntarily.
  • Vde 2.2 mV
  • the thermocouple 20 does not generate a sufficient maintenance e.m.f. above said value Vde, and the cooking process is interrupted involuntarily.
  • the e.m.f. response (mV) of the thermocouple 20 from the instant "ts" of switching from the long flame F1 to the short flame F2 is represented with curve 28S.
  • the object of the invention is a construction of a flame thermocouple, supplying an electromagnetic safety valve and adapted to a gas burner for cooking, said thermocouple construction comprising a temperature sensing head fitted with an inclined metal wall exposed to the burner flame and a tubular body fitted with a means of positioning on the burner, so as to provide a rapid response in both the thermocouple heating and cooling intervals, including the heating of the thermocouple head by means of a short flame corresponding to the minimum output power of the burner.
  • thermocouple Compared with the prior art thermocouple, the construction of the thermocouple according to the invention provides a faster response time in the generation of a high E.m.f. (mV) value Ve from ignition , without the metal wall of the head covering the hot junction from being overheated. This result is achieved by means of an increase in the area of the metal wall of the sensing head swept by both the long and short flame of the burner.
  • the thermocouple of the invention also provides a shorter valve cut-off response time, by means of a sensing head of minimal length and mass, and as a consequence a low thermal resistance from the hot junction to the tubular conduction base, for the cooling of the hot junction when the flame is extinguished.
  • thermocouple of the invention By means of the improvement of the construction of its flame reception head, the construction of the thermocouple of the invention also provides a certainty in the generation of a sufficiently high e.m.f. (mV) value in the circumstance when the flame is shortened by the user, in order to continue the cooking process with less power.
  • the e.m.f. (mV) generated by the thermocouple exceeds a threshold value Vde for delatching the electromagnetic actuator, thereby preventing the unwanted interruption of cooking with any of the production actuator units.
  • the sensing head of the thermocouple of the invention is constructed with a hot junction enclosed in a short and small-diameter end of the head, for the purpose of reducing its thermal mass without sacrificing the length of life of the thermocouple, whilst the frustoconical portion of the head is constructed with a divergent metal wall, which has an angle of inclination ⁇ 1 that is more open towards the direction of the flame than the prior art thermocouple, in order to expose an extensive sweep area to the flame, whilst said divergent wall surface also approaches the end of the flame, in particular so that it is reached at least by the tip of a short burner flame.
  • thermocouple it is an objective of the thermocouple according to the invention to reduce the temperature gradient between the frustoconical metallic wall and the generator junction HJ1, whereby a temperature is obtained at the hot junction of around 500°C without the flame reception metal wall presenting the red colour associated with overheating, by means of reducing the thermal resistance between the frustoconical wall and the tubular base made of a good conducting metal that forms the cold junction, which dissipates the heat transmitted by the heated wall of the head.
  • This objective is achieved by overlapping the tubular heat-sink base on the thermoelectric material sleeve, a segment of greater length than the segment of sleeve that is discovered and exposed to the air.
  • thermoelectric conductors An added advantage of this construction of the sensing head is that the hot junction inner rod is guided in the frustoconical portion of the head with sufficient clearance to prevent the risk of a short circuit between both thermoelectric conductors.
  • thermocouple construction 10 is adapted to a cooker burner "BU” with radial flame outlets in transverse direction to a central axis "A" of the thermocouple tubular body 11-14.
  • the thermocouple 10 is installed on a burner support "SP", in a vertical position in relation to the axis A, which is situated at a given distance "E” from the burner flame outlet, and at a height "H” from an annular support ridge 17 in the burner.
  • the space “E” is determined a sufficient distance away from the burner in order that the thermocouple should no longer be warmed by its residual heat.
  • the height "H” or total length of the thermocouple, around 30 mm, is determined so that the sensing head is facing the outlet hole of flames F1 and F2.
  • thermocouple 10 is adapted for heating the junction HJ1 by a long flame F1 or a short flame F2 from the burner (FIG. 1), which impinges on or sweeps the surface of the thermocouple head 11-12, giving rise to an e.m.f. (mV) generated (FIG. 4) from the instant t0 of ignition (FIG. 4).
  • a safety valve "SV" is supplied with the e.m.f. (mV) generated by the thermocouple, keeping the electromagnetic actuator of the SV valve activated.
  • the heat reception head 11-12 comprises an upper end 11 and a frustoconical portion 12 with a surface exposed to a short flame F2, and it is situated facing to the flame outlet.
  • the frustoconical portion 12 with an inclination alpha-2 ( ⁇ 2) relative to the axis "A”, exposes its whole area to the sweep of the short flame F2, in accordance with the form of the short flame F2, whose flame end normally rises.
  • the sensing end 11 of the thermocouple head is constructed of short length L1 and small diameter "d” so as to reduce its mass to the minimum possible.
  • the inner thermoelectric conductor rod 15 is chosen as thin as possible in order to reduce the mass of the upper end 11 of the thermocouple, without sacrificing its length of life.
  • the connection of the two thermoelectric "conductors" 11 and 15 of the couple forms a primary hot junction HJ1.
  • the length L1 of the end 11 is less than 2 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 1.5 mm, needed for the press-fitting of the inner rod 15.
  • the diameter "d" of the end 11 is shorter than 2 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm.
  • the angle alpha-2 ( ⁇ 2) of divergence from the frustoconical wall 12 is between 15-30 degrees, preferably 20 degrees.
  • Its wall W1 has a thickness of around 0.25 mm, which means the thinnest possible to resist wear and thermal stress cracking.
  • the diameter D1 of the sleeve is determined starting from the diameter "d" of the end 11 of the head, and after conforming the frustoconical portion 12 of the head by means of said divergence angle alpha-2 ( ⁇ 2) and said length 12 adapted to the end of the flame F2.
  • the transmission body 13-14 of the thermocouple 10 comprises a cylindrical sleeve 13, made of a thermoelectric alloy and having a diameter D1 and a length "L3+ L3'", and a tubular base 14 that is a good heat conductor having a length L4 of around 20 mm. It is coupled telescopically to the sleeve 13 and then welded to it to form the second cold junction CJ2. Its diameter D2 is around 6 mm and its wall thickness W2, around 1.5 mm, sufficiently thick for the dissipation of the heat transmitted from the head 11-12.
  • the tubular body 13-14 has a uniform inside diameter adjusted to an inner insulating sleeve 16 for the inner conductor 15.
  • thermocouple hot junction HJ1 after extinguishment of the flame, through increasing the dissipation of the heat from the hot head 11, 12 by way of the large thermal contact surface between the sleeve 13 and the tubular base 14.
  • This minimal thermal resistance in the heat dissipation path further contributes to reducing the temperature gradient between the divergent flame (F1, F2) reception wall 12 and the e.m.f. generating junction HJ1, whereby a sufficiently high temperature, around 500°C, is achieved at the hot junction HJ1, without the need for the metal wall 12 to be heated in excess.
  • thermocouple 10 represented in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is an example of two hot junctions, the primary HJ1 and the secondary HJ2, spaced apart in an axial direction, which have e.m.f. values opposed to each other.
  • the secondary hot junction HJ2 is placed under the exposed segment L3 of the thermoelectric sleeve, an so the e.m.f. generated which it generates is substantially lower than the primary junction HJ1.
  • the difference in e.m.f. between them is the resultant output e.m.f. of the thermocouple 10 represented by the curves 18L, 18S and 18C in FIG. 4.
  • the primary junction HJ1 has to be heated quickly with flame F1 and cooled quickly too after the extinguishment (FIG. 4).
  • the secondary junction HJ2 is situated apart, for example 14 mm from junction HJ1.
  • An inner conductor cable 15' is welded to a thermoelectric wire 19 of the secondary junction HJ2, forming a cold junction CJ1, a long way apart, for instance 13 mm in length, from the secondary junction HJ2.
  • thermocouple 10 is later heated during the course of the cooking process by a short flame F2 from the instant "ts" of flame change, the curve 18S in FIG. 4 representing the e.m.f. (mV) generated.
  • the safety valve SV remains actuated and the cooking process is not interrupted, because, despite the shortening of the flame F2, the value 18S of e.m.f. generated continues to be higher than the whole scatter interval "RVde" (FIG. 5) in the production of the delatching value between 2.2 mV and 1 mV.
  • thermocouple 10 adapted to both flames F1 and F2 of a cooker burner according to the invention may also be applied to a thermocouple of the type with a single hot junction HJ1 situated at the end 11 of the head, instead of the embodiment having two opposite hot junctions HJ1 and HJ2, which has been depicted in the drawings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP05380106.4A 2004-07-30 2005-05-26 Thermoelementsicherheitsvorrichtung für flammenkontrolle und thermoelementkörper Withdrawn EP1621814A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200401863U ES1058228Y (es) 2004-07-30 2004-07-30 Termopar de seguridad de llama y cuerpo de termopar.

Publications (2)

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EP1621814A2 true EP1621814A2 (de) 2006-02-01
EP1621814A3 EP1621814A3 (de) 2014-02-26

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EP (1) EP1621814A3 (de)
AR (1) AR050191A1 (de)
BR (1) BRMU8501862U (de)
ES (1) ES1058228Y (de)
MX (1) MXPA05008068A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9799201B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2017-10-24 Honeywell International Inc. Water heater leak detection system
US9885484B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2018-02-06 Honeywell International Inc. Multi-tank water heater systems
US9920930B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2018-03-20 Honeywell International Inc. Thermopile assembly with heat sink
US10088852B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2018-10-02 Honeywell International Inc. Multi-tank water heater systems
US10119726B2 (en) 2016-10-06 2018-11-06 Honeywell International Inc. Water heater status monitoring system
US10132510B2 (en) 2015-12-09 2018-11-20 Honeywell International Inc. System and approach for water heater comfort and efficiency improvement
US10670302B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2020-06-02 Ademco Inc. Pilot light control for an appliance
US10969143B2 (en) 2019-06-06 2021-04-06 Ademco Inc. Method for detecting a non-closing water heater main gas valve
US11592852B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2023-02-28 Ademco Inc. System for communication, optimization and demand control for an appliance
WO2023180603A1 (es) * 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Orkli, S.Coop. Dispositivo de seguridad termoeléctrica ante ausencia de llama para sistemas de combustión de gas

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110566965A (zh) * 2019-10-10 2019-12-13 宁波方太厨具有限公司 灶具燃烧器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB939123A (en) * 1961-07-11 1963-10-09 Kromschroeder Ag G Gas cooker burner
US3556864A (en) * 1968-06-03 1971-01-19 Jade Controls Co Inc Thermocouple structure and method for making same
EP0282216A2 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-14 Schlumberger Industries Limited Thermoelemente
GB2249383A (en) * 1990-10-31 1992-05-06 Union Gas Appliances Trading L Gas cooker
EP0552135A2 (de) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-21 SMEG S.p.A. Gaskochherdbrenner mit drei konzentrischen Flammen
JPH11101432A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Harman Co Ltd 熱電対を備えたガスコンロ用バーナ

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB939123A (en) * 1961-07-11 1963-10-09 Kromschroeder Ag G Gas cooker burner
US3556864A (en) * 1968-06-03 1971-01-19 Jade Controls Co Inc Thermocouple structure and method for making same
EP0282216A2 (de) * 1987-03-07 1988-09-14 Schlumberger Industries Limited Thermoelemente
GB2249383A (en) * 1990-10-31 1992-05-06 Union Gas Appliances Trading L Gas cooker
EP0552135A2 (de) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-21 SMEG S.p.A. Gaskochherdbrenner mit drei konzentrischen Flammen
JPH11101432A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Harman Co Ltd 熱電対を備えたガスコンロ用バーナ

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9885484B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2018-02-06 Honeywell International Inc. Multi-tank water heater systems
US10088852B2 (en) 2013-01-23 2018-10-02 Honeywell International Inc. Multi-tank water heater systems
US10670302B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2020-06-02 Ademco Inc. Pilot light control for an appliance
US11592852B2 (en) 2014-03-25 2023-02-28 Ademco Inc. System for communication, optimization and demand control for an appliance
US10049555B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2018-08-14 Honeywell International Inc. Water heater leak detection system
US9799201B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2017-10-24 Honeywell International Inc. Water heater leak detection system
US10692351B2 (en) 2015-03-05 2020-06-23 Ademco Inc. Water heater leak detection system
US10738998B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-08-11 Ademco Inc. Thermophile assembly with heat sink
US9920930B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2018-03-20 Honeywell International Inc. Thermopile assembly with heat sink
US10132510B2 (en) 2015-12-09 2018-11-20 Honeywell International Inc. System and approach for water heater comfort and efficiency improvement
US10989421B2 (en) 2015-12-09 2021-04-27 Ademco Inc. System and approach for water heater comfort and efficiency improvement
US10119726B2 (en) 2016-10-06 2018-11-06 Honeywell International Inc. Water heater status monitoring system
US10969143B2 (en) 2019-06-06 2021-04-06 Ademco Inc. Method for detecting a non-closing water heater main gas valve
WO2023180603A1 (es) * 2022-03-25 2023-09-28 Orkli, S.Coop. Dispositivo de seguridad termoeléctrica ante ausencia de llama para sistemas de combustión de gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MXPA05008068A (es) 2006-02-01
BRMU8501862U (pt) 2006-03-14
ES1058228Y (es) 2005-06-16
AR050191A1 (es) 2006-10-04
ES1058228U (es) 2004-11-16
EP1621814A3 (de) 2014-02-26

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