EP1619698B1 - Unter Last umschaltbarer Stufentransformator - Google Patents

Unter Last umschaltbarer Stufentransformator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1619698B1
EP1619698B1 EP05106611A EP05106611A EP1619698B1 EP 1619698 B1 EP1619698 B1 EP 1619698B1 EP 05106611 A EP05106611 A EP 05106611A EP 05106611 A EP05106611 A EP 05106611A EP 1619698 B1 EP1619698 B1 EP 1619698B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
transformer
tap
conduction
output terminal
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP05106611A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1619698A3 (de
EP1619698A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Lavieville
Witold Weber
Mohamed Ryadi
Milan Saravolac
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Grid Solutions SAS
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Areva T&D SAS
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Publication of EP1619698A2 publication Critical patent/EP1619698A2/de
Publication of EP1619698A3 publication Critical patent/EP1619698A3/de
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Publication of EP1619698B1 publication Critical patent/EP1619698B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a load transformer tap changer system for regulating the secondary output voltage of the transformer by changing the transformation ratio. Indeed, in many applications, the load to which a transformer is subjected can vary and it is nevertheless necessary to maintain a substantially constant output voltage.
  • the Figure 1 shows an example of a transformer tap changer system (OLTC) known in the art.
  • OLTC transformer tap changer system
  • Transformer tap changer includes a CX charge adjustment switch and selector SE having intermediate jacks 1, 2 and 3 of the transformer secondary TR.
  • the selector sockets set the usable transformation ratios.
  • the CX switch is designed to limit the constraints during load changes.
  • the setting switch CX comprises a rotary switch CR for connecting a utilization output B2 to one of the fixed contacts A to D of the rotary switch.
  • the movable contact of the rotary switch has a contact area sufficient to allow the output B2 to be connected simultaneously to two adjacent fixed contacts of the rotary switch.
  • the rotary switch is in a position connecting the output B2 to the socket 2 of the secondary of the transformer.
  • This one will first connect the B2 output at the same time to the fixed contacts A and B, then will pass on the fixed contact B thus inserting the impedance ZA in the secondary circuit of the transformer without interrupting the circuit.
  • the movable contact connects the output B2 to the fixed contacts B and C.
  • the load taps 1 and 2 are both connected to the output B2 by the impedances ZA and ZB respectively.
  • the movable contact connects the output B2 to the fixed contact C, that is to say the transformer socket 1 by the impedance ZB, then to the two fixed contacts C and D. Finally, it connects the output B2 to the fixed contact D only thus connecting the output B2 to the socket 1.
  • the electrical circuit is never opened during a tap change by providing a transient state where a winding portion of the transformer is short circuited.
  • impedances ZA and ZB are placed in series in the circuit.
  • the Figures 2a and 2b represent a type of load transformer tap changer known in the art and to avoid arcing when switching taps.
  • This changer utilizes solid-state switching circuits utilizing block gate thyristors (GTOs) and mechanical switches to reduce the duration of a tap change in the absence of an electric arc.
  • GTOs block gate thyristors
  • this selector is similar to that previously described but the switch is modified: the resistors and the rotary switch are replaced by switching circuits to semiconductors IN1, IN2, IN3, an auxiliary transformer tra and mechanical switches S1 to S5.
  • the circuit comprising the auxiliary transformer tra and the switching circuit IN2 provide, as described, for example, in the document EP0644562 , the steady state connection of the output terminal B2 to a socket of the secondary transformer TR.
  • the switching circuits IN1 to IN3 are implemented as shown in FIG. figure 2b .
  • Each switching circuit has four diodes and a gate gate thyristor.
  • each contact and each switching circuit of the system of the figure 2a is individualized by a particular diagram.
  • the upper parts of the diagrams represent the closed positions of the contacts
  • the lower parts represent the open positions of the contacts
  • the switching circuits IN1 to IN3 the upper parts represent the conductive states of these circuits and the parts low, non-conductive states.
  • this system has the disadvantage of requiring the detection of the zero crossing of the charging current each time that it is desired to change the state of the switching circuits IN1 to IN3 to switch these circuits to as low current as possible.
  • the switching duration of the switches S1 to S5 is significantly greater than the switching duration of the switching circuits IN1 to IN3.
  • thyristors with locking gates provided in the switching circuits IN1 to IN3 impose a limitation of the variations of the voltage at the terminals of these thyristors and the variations of the current which passes through them during their switching.
  • a resistance-capacitor type NC circuit is provided to control the voltage variations across the thyristor and an inductance in series with the thyristor reduces the rate of change of the current.
  • the size of these RC circuits and inductances is related to the amplitude of the switched current.
  • the trigger current applied to the gate G and necessary to control the blocking of the thyristor is proportional to the switched current.
  • the invention relates to a system for solving these disadvantages.
  • the invention thus relates to a tap changing system of a charging transformer in which the secondary or the primary comprises at least a first and a second tap.
  • This system includes a main connection circuit for permanently or almost permanently connecting the first socket or the second socket to an output terminal of the secondary or primary of the transformer.
  • a first secondary connection circuit connects the first plug temporarily and directly to said secondary or primary output terminal of the transformer.
  • a second secondary connection circuit makes it possible to connect the second socket temporarily and directly to said output terminal.
  • Each of said connection circuits comprises one or more insulated gate bipolar transistors.
  • This central control circuit does not include a device for detecting the zero crossing of the secondary current.
  • the main connection circuit comprises an isolation auxiliary transformer whose primary winding makes it possible to connect a plug of said transformer to said output terminal and whose secondary winding can be short-circuited by the conduction of a switching circuit.
  • the load taps are provided on the secondary winding of the transformer, but the system would be the same if the load taps were provided on the primary winding of the transformer.
  • the transformer TR with its primary winding connected to the mains or to a power supply ALIM and with its secondary winding to the output terminals b1 and b2 which can be connected to a utilization circuit UTIL.
  • the secondary winding has outlets p0, p1, and p2, which will be called load taps, to adapt the transformation ratio of the transformer as a function of the load of the UTIL use circuit.
  • a switching circuit CX makes it possible to connect the output terminal b2 to one of the charging sockets p0 to p2.
  • the three switching circuits I1 to I3 are designed in the same way.
  • the figure 3b represents, by way of example, a switching circuit.
  • This circuit comprises a bridge of four diodes Di1 to Di4.
  • An insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT IGBT (IGBT for Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) connects the two branches of the bridge and allows current conduction in both directions so that during an alternation the circuit Di1-IGBT-Di4 is driver and during the next alternation, the Di2-IGBT-Di3 circuit is conductive.
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • This switching circuit may also comprise several bipolar transistors IGBT isolated grids with or without diodes.
  • the IGBT transistor is made conductive by application on its gate, a control pulse + Vdc provided by a central DC control circuit on a wire ci1 to ci3. It then remains conductive as long as the control potential + Vdc is applied to its gate. It is blocked by applying another polarity command pulse -Vdc.
  • the IGBT transistor is provided to enable the switching of currents.
  • the three switching circuits I1 to I3 can be individually controlled by the central control circuit CC by control wires ci1 to ci3.
  • the contacts C1 to C5 belong to unrepresented relays which are also controlled by the central control circuit.
  • This operation is managed by the central control circuit CC ( figure 3a ).
  • the contacts C1 to C5 are controlled in the absence of current. They do not switch current; there can therefore be no risk of creating an electric arc.
  • the figure 5 illustrates this operation by time diagrams.
  • the operation of each contact C1 to C4 and each switching circuit I1 to I3 is individualized by a particular diagram.
  • the upper parts of the diagrams represent the closed positions of the contacts and the lower parts of the diagrams represent the open positions of the contacts.
  • the switching circuits I1 to I3 the high parts represent the conductive states of these circuits and the low parts the non-conductive states.
  • the operation of the system is independent of the value of the current flowing in the secondary of the transformer (no detection of zero crossings of the current in the secondary circuit of the transformer). This operation is therefore simpler than in systems known in the art and in particular that of Figures 2a to 2c .
  • switching circuits I1 to I3 are also simpler because they do not require RC circuits or inductors to limit currents and voltages.
  • IGBT transistors thus avoids the presence of RC circuit and the power necessary for its control is independent of the switched current. Zero switching of the current is no longer an imperative which eliminates the detection circuit and improves the reliability of the system.

Claims (4)

  1. Einrichtung zum Umschalten von Stufentransformatoren unter Last, wobei die Sekundärseite bzw. die Primärseite des Transformators zumindest eine erste und eine zweite Anzapfung (p1, p2) aufweist, wobei die Einrichtung eine Hauptverbindungsschaltung (tra-I2) enthält, die es ermöglicht, bei Dauerbetrieb die erste Anzapfung (p1) bzw. die zweite Anzapfung (p2) mit einer Ausgangsklemme (b2) der Sekundärseite bzw. der Primärseite des Transformators zu verbinden, wobei eine erste Hilfsverbindungsschaltung (I1) es ermöglicht, die erste Anzapfung (p1) vorübergehend unmittelbar mit der Ausgangsklemme (b2) der Sekundärseite bzw. der Primärseite des Transformators zu verbinden, wobei eine zweite Hilfsverbindungsschaltung (13) es ermöglicht, die zweite Anzapfung (p2) vorübergehend unmittelbar mit der Ausgangsklemme (b2) zu verbinden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der Verbindungsschaltungen (I1, tra-I2, I3) einen oder mehrere Bipolartransistoren mit isolierten Steuerelektroden enthält.
  2. Einrichtung zum Umschalten von Stufentransformatoren unter Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen zentralen Steuerkreis (CC) enthält, der den Betrieb der Verbindungsschaltungen steuert, wobei dieser zentrale Steuerkreis keine Vorrichtung zum Erfassen eines Nulldurchgangs des Sekundärstroms aufweist.
  3. Einrichtung zum Umschalten von Stufentransformatoren unter Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptverbindungsschaltung einen Hilfsisoliertransformator enthält, dessen Primärwicklung es ermöglicht, eine Transformatoranzapfung (p1, p2) mit der genannten Ausgangsklemme (b2) zu verbinden und dessen Sekundärwicklung durch die Leitung eines Schaltkreises (12) in Kurzschluss versetzt werden kann.
  4. Einrichtung zum Umschalten von Stufentransformatoren unter Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Verbindung der ersten Anzapfung (p1) mit der Ausgangsklemme (b2) über den ersten Schaltkreis der zentrale Steuerkreis (CC) eine Ablaufsteuerung aufweist, bei welcher der Ablauf der verschiedenen nachfolgenden Schritte unabhängig von dem Maß des Laststroms des Transformators möglich ist:
    - Leiten der ersten sekundären Verbindungsschaltung (I1) zum Herstellen einer vorübergehenden parallelen Verbindung der ersten Anzapfung (p 1) mit der Ausgangsklemme (b2),
    - Leiten der zweiten sekundären Verbindungsschaltung (12) zum Herstellen einer vorübergehenden Verbindung der zweiten Anzapfung (p2) mit der Ausgangsklemme (b2),
    - Verbinden der Hauptverbindungsschaltung (tra-I2) mit der zweiten Anzapfung (p2),
    - Nichtleiten der ersten sekundären Verbindungsschaltung (I1),
    - Leiten der Hauptverbindungsschaltung (tra-I2),
    - Nichtleiten der zweiten sekundären Verbindungsschaltung (I3).
EP05106611A 2004-07-20 2005-07-19 Unter Last umschaltbarer Stufentransformator Active EP1619698B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0451585A FR2873489B1 (fr) 2004-07-20 2004-07-20 Systeme de changement de prise de transformateur en charge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1619698A2 EP1619698A2 (de) 2006-01-25
EP1619698A3 EP1619698A3 (de) 2006-03-01
EP1619698B1 true EP1619698B1 (de) 2008-09-03

Family

ID=34948633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05106611A Active EP1619698B1 (de) 2004-07-20 2005-07-19 Unter Last umschaltbarer Stufentransformator

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7355369B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1619698B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE407438T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005009442D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2873489B1 (de)

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US8321162B2 (en) * 2007-10-09 2012-11-27 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc Minimizing circulating current using time-aligned data
AU2008361188B2 (en) 2008-08-27 2014-11-20 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Method for switching without any interruption between winding taps on a tap-changing transformer
CN102077305B (zh) * 2008-08-27 2012-09-12 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 具有半导体开关元件的分接开关
WO2011017449A2 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Asic Advantage, Inc. Multiple independently regulated parameters using a single magnetic circuit element
GB0916190D0 (en) * 2009-09-15 2009-10-28 Imp Innovations Ltd Method and apparatus for performing on-load mechanical switching operations
DE102010008973B4 (de) * 2010-02-24 2015-11-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter des Hybridtyps mit Halbleiterschaltelementen
DE102011012080A1 (de) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
US8957649B2 (en) 2012-03-01 2015-02-17 Cooper Technologies Company Manual multi-phase voltage control
CN103427685A (zh) * 2012-05-24 2013-12-04 鸿富锦精密工业(武汉)有限公司 直流电压产生电路
US9087635B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2015-07-21 General Electric Company Load tap changer
US9898019B2 (en) * 2012-12-27 2018-02-20 Xiaoming Li Thyristor assisted on-load tap changer and method thereof
FR3004284B1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2015-04-03 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Transformateur muni de moyens d'ajustement du rapport de transformation en charge
US9252671B2 (en) 2013-04-24 2016-02-02 Western Digital Technologies, Inc. Power supply with voltage output responsive to load demand
US9128140B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2015-09-08 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Detection of a fault in an ungrounded electric power distribution system
DE102013110652B4 (de) * 2013-09-26 2018-02-22 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Schaltanordnung mit Vorwähler
DE102013110656A1 (de) * 2013-09-26 2015-03-26 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
US9570252B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2017-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for operating an on-load tap changer
EP2930837A1 (de) 2014-04-10 2015-10-14 GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd Stromwandler
US9557754B2 (en) * 2014-04-22 2017-01-31 General Electric Company Load tap changer
BR112017011004A2 (pt) * 2014-11-25 2018-02-14 Hai Wang interruptor de derivação de regulação de tensão em carga para transformador e método de controle de interruptor
CN105424995B (zh) * 2015-11-10 2018-05-01 青岛天晟达新能源科技有限公司 一种智能防盗电电表
CN105319420A (zh) * 2015-11-10 2016-02-10 成都九十度工业产品设计有限公司 一种智能调压电表
CN105425002B (zh) * 2015-11-10 2018-07-27 浙江晨泰科技股份有限公司 一种智能防盗电电表系统
US10048709B2 (en) * 2016-09-19 2018-08-14 General Electric Company System and method for regulation of voltage on an electric power system
CN110620001A (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-12-27 特变电工衡阳变压器有限公司 一种试验变压器
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US11735923B2 (en) 2020-07-28 2023-08-22 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Voltage regulation device that includes a converter for harmonic current compensation and reactive power management

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE407438T1 (de) 2008-09-15
FR2873489B1 (fr) 2006-10-06
US20060039171A1 (en) 2006-02-23
EP1619698A3 (de) 2006-03-01
DE602005009442D1 (de) 2008-10-16
US7355369B2 (en) 2008-04-08
EP1619698A2 (de) 2006-01-25
FR2873489A1 (fr) 2006-01-27

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