EP1613828B1 - Device for closing a door - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for closing a door, including a spring element, an attachment element for fixing the device to a door, and an actuation element. The actuation element and the attachment element are linked at opposite ends of the spring element in such a way that, when the door is opened, differential rotation of the actuation element and the attachment element cause the spring element to be stretched and the energy stored in the spring element causes the door to close automatically. The actuation element is embodied as a support element that can be placed against the door frame or the adjacent wall regions in a supporting manner, and the attachment element can be removably mounted on an edge of the door without the use of fasteners or adhesive.

Description

The invention relates to a device for closing a door according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Devices of the type in question serve for the automatic closing of doors, gates, flaps or the like. When opening the door, a spring element is tensioned. As soon as the opened door is released, the stored energy in the tensioned spring element is released and the spring element brings the door due to its elastic restoring force in the closed position or at least in a position in which the door is ajar.

From the prior art a variety of generic devices is known. In the field of entrance doors and heavy doors, closing devices are used in which the entire device is arranged in a separate housing, which is fastened to the wall next to or above the door. The door is connected to the device via an articulated arm mechanism attached to the door. Although high closing forces can be stored and released with this known device; However, a use in room doors or the like is not possible due to the design-related size in general or at least not desirable for aesthetic reasons.

There are also known closure devices which are integrated directly in a door hinge. Although the closing forces are low, these are usually sufficient to bring an open door at least in an ajar position. A disadvantage of these known locking devices, however, is that they must be planned and installed already during the initial installation of the respective door and the door frame; Retrofitting the door with such a closing device is regularly not possible.

GB 21,464 refers to a door closing device with a coil spring, which has two arms, wherein the first arm on the door frame and the second arm is supported on the door.

US 3,537,126 relates to a device for attaching a swinging door, in which an automatic door closing device is provided, this device being intended for the attachment of the upper part of the hinged door held by a fishing rod.

Based on this prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide a device for closing a door, which is retrofitted and disassembled even with built-in door without changes to the door or the door frame are necessary.

This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A device according to the invention comprises in a first known manner a spring element, a fastening element for fastening the device to a door and an actuating element, wherein the actuating element and the fastening element can be coupled to the spring element, that when opening the door, the spring element is tensioned and the stored energy in the spring element causes an automatic closing of the door. According to the invention, the actuating element is designed as a support element, which can be brought to bear against the door frame or door frame or the adjacent wall areas, and the fastening element can be plugged onto a door edge.

This means in other words that on the one hand no attachment of the support element on the door frame is required and on the other hand, the attachment to the door by attaching. As a result, any door can be retrofitted in a simple manner with a locking device, which can also be mounted and dismantled without any change to the door and door frame and regularly without tools. In addition to retrofitting, it is therefore also possible, e.g. when moving, dismantle the locking device and use it on another door.

According to the invention, the fastening element has a fastening rail and a housing for at least partially receiving the spring element. This means that the function of the spring element and the attachment of the device according to the invention are functionally and locally separated.

The shape of the mounting rail and thus its function of the secure attachment of the device to the door to be equipped depends essentially on the geometry of the door edge.

According to a preferred embodiment, the mounting rail is formed at least partially in cross-section substantially U-shaped and surrounds the door edge. The term "at least partially substantially U-shaped" is intended to include both a complete U-profile and a profile, one leg of which extends over the entire length of the mounting rail, while the opposite "leg" only by one or more hook-like approaches is formed. Also, a mounting rail, which has one or more U-shaped brackets which are connected to each other, is intended to fall under this concept. It is only essential that the mounting rail surrounds the edge of the door at least partially on both sides. In this case, the width of the U-profile may be predetermined, so that different mounting rails are used for different door frame profiles. Alternatively, however, the U-profile may also vary in width, i. adjustable, be.

Since, in particular newly installed doors usually have a circumferential rectangular edge - in particular in the form of a peripherally protruding spring or a projection - sufficient for a variety of applications, a U-shaped mounting rail. According to a further embodiment, however, the inner profile of the mounting rail is formed substantially complementary to the outer profile of the door edge. This can be done in a simple manner by selecting the appropriate mounting rail adaptation to different Türkantengeometrien.

In order to ensure a safe and defined power transmission when opening and closing the door from the door via the mounting rail to the housing, according to one embodiment, the mounting rail is arranged substantially rigidly on the housing. In this case, the rigid arrangement by a non-detachable attachment, such as welding or gluing, or by a detachable attachment. A detachable attachment is in particular of Advantage, if the mounting rail to be replaced in adaptation to different Türkantengeometrien.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the mounting rail is integrally formed on the housing, for example, molded or molded. As a result, a simple and inexpensive production is possible.

The housing on which the mounting rail is arranged essentially serves to at least partially receive the spring element. According to one embodiment, this housing is designed substantially tubular or cup-shaped. "Pipe or cup-shaped" includes by no means only cylindrical designs; Rather, the housing may also have a prismatic, triangular in cross-section, quadrangular, polygonal or other shape.

In principle, the mounting rail can be arranged in the longitudinal direction of the housing. Preferably, however, the mounting rail is arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing, so that an easy attachment of the mounting rail on the upper horizontal transverse edge of the door in the corner is possible, while the housing extends substantially perpendicular thereto and substantially parallel to the vertical door edge. This results in a particularly simple and reliable attachment of the device according to the invention on the door.

The shape of the actuating element is basically arbitrary, as long as a reliable power transmission from the spring element on the door frame or the door frame is possible. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the actuating element is substantially U- or L-shaped and engages with one of its legs in the particular cup or tubular housing in such a way that the actuating element is pivotable about this leg and the longitudinal axis of the housing , In particular, when preferably the pivot axis of the actuating element, the longitudinal axis of the housing and the pivot axis of the door are aligned, the actuating element is subject to an almost pure advantageous moment load when opening and closing the door.

The free leg of the actuating element is preferably designed as a contact element on the door frame or door frame. In this case, the contact element to protect the door frame with a coating, a coating or the like, in particular made of an elastomer, be provided.

The type and shape of the spring element is basically arbitrary, as long as the force or energy expended when opening the door is elastically storable and releasable again. Thus, the spring element may be formed as a radial spring element. "Radial spring element" in the sense of the present invention means that the rotation of the actuating element causes a compression or tension of the spring element in the circumferential direction relative to the axis of rotation of the actuating element, in particular in the housing. Thus, for example, can be used as a radial spring element, an elastomeric buffer, which is pressed by a radially projecting shoulder on the actuating element against a housing disposed in the housing or formed by a portion of the housing inner wall abutment. It is also conceivable that the actuating element is vulcanized into the housing by means of a heavy-duty elastomer, wherein upon rotation of the actuating element, the elastomer is subjected to shear.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the spring element is designed as a helical spring. In this case, the helical spring is preferably arranged in the housing such that the first end of the helical spring can be brought into abutment against the housing when the door is opened. This supporting system can advantageously be achieved in that the helical spring has at its first end a radially outwardly extending projection, which can be brought into a slot-like recess in the end edge of the cup or tubular housing in engagement. Thus, the coil spring in the housing is reliably secured against unintentional rotation.

When using a coil spring, the elastic storage of the force or energy expended during opening is possible only in one direction of rotation. This means in particular that in the design described above, different devices, but at least different coil springs, must be used for left and right stop the door use. After one However, particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, in each case at least one slot-like recess is provided in both axially opposite end edges of the cup or tubular housing. Thereby, the coil spring can be both from above and, rotated by 180 degrees, inserted from below into the housing and there supportingly locked in the respective slot-like recess rotatably, whereby the direction of rotation of the device can be easily converted from left to right stop ,

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the second end of the helical spring can be fastened to the actuating element in such a way that reliable opening and closing of the spring element between housing and door frame or door frame is guaranteed.

According to a preferred embodiment, this attachment takes place in that the L- or U-shaped actuating element engages with its first leg in the cylindrical interior of the coil spring and the coil spring has at its second end an axially projecting lug, which in a free leg of the L - or U-shaped actuator arranged recess can be inserted. In this design, the conversion from left to right stop and vice versa by repositioning the coil spring as described above and simultaneously repositioning of the actuator is rotated 180 degrees from above or from below into the interior of the coil spring.

In particular, to adjust the tension or bias of the spring element and thus the closing force, according to another embodiment, the free leg at least partially plate-shaped, wherein in this plate-shaped region at least two recesses on a circular arc or circular arc portion, which is substantially concentric to the longitudinal axis of the first leg, spaced in the circumferential direction are arranged. By this design, the axially projecting shoulder of the coil spring can be selectively inserted into one of the recesses, whereby the bias of the coil spring is selected.

As an alternative to the above-described embodiments with a radial spring element, the spring element can in principle also be designed as an axial spring element. This can be done, for example, in a basically known manner in that the immersed in the housing leg of the actuating element is provided with a movement thread which passes through a spindle nut which is axially movable, but rotatably mounted in the housing. When the actuating element is rotated relative to the housing when the door is opened, the spindle nut moves in the axial direction, wherein a spring element arranged in the housing, for example a helical spring or an elastomer buffer, can be elastically pressed by the spindle nut.

Fig.

1 in schematischer Ansicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in teilweise aufgebrochener Explosionsdarstellung aufgesetzt auf einer Türe mit Linksanschlag;

Fig. 2

den Schnitt A - A nach Fig. 1 durch die Befestigungsschiene;

Fig. 3

das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 in einer der Fig. 1 entsprechenden Darstellung aufgesetzt auf einer Türe mit Rechtsanschlag; und

Fig.4

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel in schematischer perspektivischer Darstellung.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments showing drawings. Show it:

FIG.

1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention in a partially broken exploded view placed on a door with left stopper;

Fig. 2

the section A - A after Fig. 1 through the mounting rail;

Fig. 3

the embodiment according to Fig. 1 in one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation placed on a door with right stop; and

Figure 4

a further embodiment in a schematic perspective view.

In Fig. 1 an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention for closing a door 2 is shown. The device 1 has a fastening element 3, which consists essentially of a housing 4 and a fastening rail 5. The fastening rail 5 has a substantially U-shaped cross section (see. Fig. 2 ) and is welded with its first end to the housing 4.

The housing 4 is substantially cylindrical tubular and open at both end faces 6, 7. In the area of its two end faces 6 and 7 are the Walls of the housing 4 are each provided with a slot-like recess 8 and 9.

A spring element in the form of a helical spring 10 whose outer diameter is at least slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 4 is shown in the drawing Fig. 1 can be inserted into the housing from below. The coil spring 10 has at its first end a substantially radially outwardly extending lug 11, which engages upon insertion of the coil spring 10 into engagement in the slot-like recess 8 of the housing 4. As a result, the coil spring 10 is rotatably mounted in the housing 4.

At its first end axially opposite the second end, the coil spring 10 further comprises an axially projecting lug 12, which is arranged eccentrically to the central axis in the edge region of the coil spring. The coil spring 10 has a length such that when fully inserted into the housing 4 coil spring 10 at the same time the approach 1 engages in the recess 8 and the neck 12 at least slightly protrudes from the end face 6 of the housing 4.

An actuating element 13 in the form of a substantially L-shaped bracket has a first leg 14 and a second free leg 15 extending substantially at right angles thereto. The free leg 15 is angled at its free end. The actuating element 13 consists of a round material, which has an at least slightly smaller outer diameter than the inner diameter of the coil spring 10. With its leg 14, the actuating element 13 in the coil spring 10 can be inserted.

In the region of its free leg 15, more precisely in the transition region between the first leg 14 and the free leg 15, the actuating element 13 is provided with a continuous recess 16 having a diameter which is at least slightly larger than the diameter of the projection 12 of the coil spring 10th is. When inserting the actuating element 13 in the coil spring, the projection 12 of the coil spring 10 engages in the recess 16th

The embodiment of a device according to the invention Fig. 1 is plugged with the mounting rail 5 on the upper edge 17 of the left-hinged door 2, wherein the width of the edge profile of the door 2 is substantially the inner width b (see. Fig. 3 ) corresponds to the U-shaped mounting rail 5. This results in a fixed and horizontally substantially free of play arrangement of the mounting rail 5 on the door 2. The inserted into the coil spring 10 bow-shaped actuator 13 is brought almost closed door 2 by twisting in a position in which the free end 15 am Door frame 18 can be brought to the plant, wherein advantageously while the coil spring 10 is already biased at least slightly. Now, if the door 2 is opened, takes place due to the relative pivotal movement between the actuating element 13 and the housing 4 and the coupling of the coil spring 10 on the one hand to the actuating element 13 and on the other hand to the housing 4, a voltage of the coil spring 10, wherein the applied when opening the door Energy is stored elastically. If then the opened door 2 is released, the coil spring 10 relaxes, releasing the stored energy and thereby closing the door.

That in the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment has the same structure as the embodiment Fig. 1 and in particular the same elements. Only by repositioning the coil spring 10 and the fastener 13 can be converted without use of structural changes and without the use of a tool, the device 1 according to the invention for use on a door with right stop.

In the Fig. 4 a further embodiment of a device according to the invention is shown, wherein for reasons of a simpler representation, the coil spring which in the Fig. 1 and 3 shown coil spring corresponds, not shown. The device has a fastener 3 'with a mounting rail 5' and a housing 4 'for receiving the coil spring, not shown. The fastener is made in one piece as a plastic injection molded part. In the region of the end faces 6 'and 7' are each two slot-like recesses 8 'and 9' for fixing receiving the radial approach the coil spring arranged. By selecting the respective recess 8 'or 9', the rotational position of the coil spring and thus the bias voltage can be preset.

Next, the device after Fig. 4 a substantially L-shaped actuator 13 'with a first leg 14' and a free leg 15 'on. The first leg 14 'is inserted into the housing 4' by the helical spring arranged in the housing 4 'and serves essentially as a rotation axis for the actuating element 13'. The free leg 15 'is formed substantially wedge-shaped with a plate-shaped portion 19 and has at its first leg 14' facing away from the end a flat bow-shaped contact element 20, with which the actuating element 13 'is supported on the door frame during opening and closing of the door , In the plate-shaped region 19 a plurality of axially continuous recesses 16 'are arranged on a circular arc whose circle center lies on the longitudinal axis of the first leg 14'. As a result, the recesses 16 'move during the intended pivoting of the actuating element on a circular or arcuate path about this longitudinal axis. By choosing when mounting the device according to the invention on a door edge into which the recesses 16 'of the axial extension of the coil spring is inserted, the bias of the coil spring and thus the closing force can be preset in a simple manner. Also, the actuator 13 'is made in one piece as a plastic injection-molded part.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

contraption

2

door

3, 3 '

fastener

4, 4 '

casing

5, 5 '

mounting rail

6, 6 '

front

7, 7 '

front

8, 8 '

recess

9, 9 '

recess

10

coil spring

11

approach

12

approach

13, 13 '

actuator

14, 14 '

First leg

15, 15 '

Free thigh

16, 16 '

recess

17

door edge

18

doorframe

19

Plate-shaped area

20

contact element

Claims (10)

1. Device for closing a door comprising a spring element (10), an attachment element (3) for attaching said device to a door and an actuation element (13), wherein said actuation element (13) and said attachment element (3) can be coupled to said spring element (10) in such a way that the spring element (10) is tensioned during opening of said door and that the energy stored in said spring element (10) causes an automatic closing of said door (2), wherein said actuation element (13) is formed as a support element that can be brought into supporting abutment with a door frame (18) or adjacent wall portions characterized in that
   said attachment element (3) can be clipped on an upper edge (17) of said door by means of an attachment section formed as an attachment rail (5), to at least partially embrace said upper edge (17), and has a housing (4) for at least partial receipt of said spring element (10), wherein said attachment rail (5) is disposed substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said housing (4)..
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that said attachment rail (5) is formed at least in sections as substantially U-shaped in cross-section and/or said housing (4) is formed as substantially tube- or cup-shaped.
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner profile of said attachment rail (5) is formed substantially complementary in shape to the outer profile of said door edge (17).
4. The device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that said attachment rail (5) is disposed substantially rigidly on said housing (4), wherein said attachment rail (5) is preferably formed integrally on said housing (4).
5. The device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that said actuation element (13) is formed as substantially U- or L-shaped and engages with one of its legs (14) in said housing (4) in such a way that said actuation element (13) is pivotable about this leg (14) and the longitudinal axis of said housing (4), wherein preferably a free leg (15) is formed as an abutment element.
6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said spring element is formed as a coil spring (10), wherein preferably the first end of said coil spring (10) can be brought into supporting abutment on said housing (4) on opening the door (2).
7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that said coil spring (10) has a radially outwardly extending attachment (11) at its first end, which can be brought into engagement in at least one slot-like recess (8, 9) in the front edge (6, 7) of said preferably cup- or tube-shaped housing (4).
8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that respectively at least one slot-like recess (8, 9) is provided in the axially opposing front edges (6, 7) of said preferably cup- or tube-shaped housing (4).
9. The device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the second end of said coil spring (10) is attachable to said actuation element (13), wherein preferably said L- or U-shaped actuation element (13) engages with its first leg (14) in the cylindrical interior of said coil spring (10) and said coil spring (10) has an axially projecting attachment (12) at its second end, which can be inserted into at least one recess (16) disposed in said free leg (15) of said L- or U-shaped actuation element (13).
10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that said free leg (15') is formed as plate-shaped at least in certain areas, wherein in said plate-shaped area (19) at least two recesses (16') are disposed at a distance apart in the circumferential direction on a circular arc or section of a circular arc which runs substantially concentrically to the longitudinal axis of said first leg (14').

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