EP1612823B1 - Passive Kühlvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät und elektrisches Gerät mit einer solchen Vorrichtung - Google Patents

Passive Kühlvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät und elektrisches Gerät mit einer solchen Vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1612823B1
EP1612823B1 EP20050105751 EP05105751A EP1612823B1 EP 1612823 B1 EP1612823 B1 EP 1612823B1 EP 20050105751 EP20050105751 EP 20050105751 EP 05105751 A EP05105751 A EP 05105751A EP 1612823 B1 EP1612823 B1 EP 1612823B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
cooling device
circulation
circuit breaker
outlet end
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP20050105751
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1612823A1 (de
Inventor
Joël Ozil
Jean-Marc Willieme
Yves Astic
Denis Frigiere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Publication of EP1612823A1 publication Critical patent/EP1612823A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1612823B1 publication Critical patent/EP1612823B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H01H2009/526—Cooling of switch parts of the high voltage switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electrical equipment, including generator circuit breakers, contactors and switches.
  • a passive cooling device for electrical equipment in particular a generator circuit breaker arranged vertically inside a protective sheath and having an envelope which delimits an interior volume filled with a dielectric gas, apparatus traversing the protective sheath through an aperture such that a surface of the electrical apparatus is exposed outside an upper portion of the sheath, the cooling device including at least one circulation tube having an end of an inlet and an outlet end for natural convection circulation of the cooling gas contained in the interior volume of the electrical apparatus.
  • a generator circuit breaker also called a plant circuit breaker
  • a plant circuit breaker is located in a busbar between an alternator and a transformer. It is arranged in a protective metal sheath vis-à-vis the outside air. Sufficient space for electrical insulation is provided between the live housings that constitute the poles of the circuit-breaker and the protective sheath which is at the potential of the earth.
  • the sheath is filled with a gas, usually dry air, at atmospheric pressure or at a slightly higher pressure.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a breaking chamber filled with an insulating gas at a pressure of several bars, this gas being able to circulate between the breaking chamber and the casings of the circuit-breaker.
  • the circuit breaker is completely airtight with respect to the duct air. It is connected to the power plant and the network respectively by an incoming conductor and an output conductor, these conductors through the sheath with a dielectric seal.
  • a generator circuit breaker with a passive cooling device that has a hollow insulator in the conduit and a first end of which is connected to the circuit breaker upper housing.
  • This insulator is arranged substantially vertically to allow insulating gas to circulate by convection between the circuit breaker breaking chamber and the hollow part of the insulator.
  • a second end of the insulator is sealingly connected to an opening in the upper part of the metal sheath.
  • the cooling device further comprises a cooling circuit outside the sheath that allows the circuit breaker insulating gas to circulate by natural convection to make a loop from the upper casing to the lower casing of the circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker is in vertical position in the sheath and is supported by a another hollow insulator that rests on a metal support case grounded.
  • This support casing has a passage to allow the cooling circuit to communicate with the circuit breaker so that the loop circulation of the insulating gas is possible.
  • This cooling device is very satisfactory from the point of view of the cooling efficiency of the breaking chamber. This makes it possible to substantially increase the rated current that the circuit breaker can withstand during operation. However this device is relatively expensive and bulky.
  • the invention specifically relates to a passive cooling device that overcomes these disadvantages.
  • This device must be more economical to produce, less bulky while allowing sufficiently efficient cooling to allow a significant gain in nominal current.
  • the exchange surface between the dielectric gas and the outside air is increased without substantially increasing the size of the apparatus, in particular in height.
  • the footprint is reduced.
  • the entire device is located on the same side of the outlet sheath so that disassembly of the device is facilitated.
  • the inlet end of the circulation tube is located at an altitude greater than that of its outlet end so as to favor the natural convection circulation of the cooling gas in the internal volume of the circulation tube. 'electrical appliance.
  • the inlet end of the circulation tube is located at an altitude greater than that of the outlet end of this tube.
  • the inlet end and the outlet end of the circulation tube are separated from each other by a separating plate.
  • the circulation tube can be mounted on a plate which closes an opening formed in the upper wall of the protective sheath.
  • the circulation tube may also be connected to a cooling casing mounted outside the protective sheath.
  • the circuit breaker comprises a hollow insulator arranged substantially vertically in the sheath and having a lower end connected to a casing of the circuit breaker and an upper end sealingly connected to the opening formed in the protective sheath.
  • the invention also relates to electrical equipment such as a metal sheath generator circuit breaker comprising a passive cooling device according to the invention.
  • a single-phase generator circuit breaker 2 is arranged vertically in a protective metal sheath 4 with respect to the air outside.
  • the sheath 4 comprises an upper portion 6 constituting a ceiling, this ceiling being preferably removable.
  • the circuit breaker 2 is shown in section along a vertical plane containing the axes of the feed conductors 8 and 10 of the circuit breaker, arranged horizontally. It comprises a breaking chamber 12 disposed in an insulating electrical envelope 14 and which separates an upper casing 16 from a lower casing 18 of the circuit breaker while communicating with these casings.
  • An insulating gas, for example SF6 enclosed in the circuit breaker can therefore flow freely between the interrupting chamber 12 and the housings 16 and 18.
  • a circuit breaker 2 contacting circuit is electrically connected to the incoming conductor 8 or output 10.
  • Each housing is energized, for example when the circuit breaker 2 is closed, which imposes a sufficient electrical insulation distance with the protective sheath 4 which is at the potential of the earth.
  • a support isolator 20 disposed under the lower casing 18 keeps the circuit breaker in the center of the sheath.
  • a carrier insulator is for example made of a ceramic such as porcelain, cylindrical. It has an outer surface forming fins to extend the creepage of the insulator.
  • This insulator further comprises a longitudinal recess to allow the passage of an insulating control rod 22 able to manipulate the contacts of the circuit breaker 2 by a translational movement or rotation of the rod.
  • the recess of the support insulator 20 communicates with the interior of the lower housing 18. This recess is filled with dielectric gas under pressure.
  • the base of the support insulator is generally connected to a control casing outside the sheath (not shown) in an airtight manner. Conventionally, such a control casing contains at least a portion of the control mechanism immersed in the dielectric gas under pressure.
  • an insulator 26 also includes a longitudinal recess.
  • the upper insulator 26 may be lighter in structure than the carrier insulator 20. It is arranged vertically above the upper casing 16.
  • the upper insulator has virtually no supporting role and its structure is designed to withstand the insulating gas overpressure contained in its longitudinal recess by relative to the air of the protective sheath 4.
  • the lower end of the insulator 26 is fixed to the upper casing 16 and communicates with the latter so that insulating gas can circulate in the recess of the insulator.
  • the upper end of the insulator is sealingly connected to the plate 36.
  • cooling means communicating with the internal volume of the circuit breaker 2 by at least one opening formed in the protective sheath are arranged outside the sheath 4.
  • these cooling means are constituted by a circulation tube 30.
  • the tube 30 has an inlet end 32 and an outlet end 34 which open into the longitudinal recess 27 of the upper insulator 26.
  • the ends 32 and 34 through the closure plate 36.
  • the inlet end 32 of the circulation tube 30 is located at an altitude greater than that of the outlet end 34.
  • figure 2 represents in perspective the circulation tube 30 and the closure plate 36.
  • the circulation tube 30 can be arranged in a vertical plane ( figure 3 ) or ( figure 4 ) it can be arranged in an inclined plane so as to reduce the overall height of the circuit breaker.
  • the operation is as follows.
  • the insulating gas contained in the internal volume of the circuit breaker heats up in the upper casing 16 and rises towards the highest part of the longitudinal recess 27 of the upper insulator 26 in which the inlet end is located. 32 of the circulation tube 30.
  • the insulating gas enters the tube 30 in which it circulates in the direction shown by the arrow 38.
  • the dielectric gas cools by exchanging heat with the outside air.
  • the cooled gas exits the tube 30 through the outlet end 34 and back down to the upper casing 16. Natural convection circulation is thus established in the upper casing 16, the insulator 26 and the tube 30.
  • the breaker chamber 12 of the circuit breaker is therefore permanently cooled. effectively, which allows a significant nominal current gain.
  • the tube 30 may be provided with fins (not shown) so as to increase its heat exchange surface with the outside.
  • fins not shown
  • a forced ventilation system for outdoor air can be installed above the protective sheath to accelerate the heat exchange and improve the cooling of the insulating gas.
  • the figure 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment.
  • Two circulation tubes 30 are mounted on the closure plate 36 so as to increase the flow of the dielectric gas and therefore the efficiency of cooling by natural convection.
  • the inlet ends and the outlet ends of each of the tubes 30 are located at the same altitude.
  • the shutter plate 36 is equipped with a separator plate 40 whose function is to separate the hot gases from the cold gases.
  • a preferred direction of circulation is given by the fact that one side of the circuit breaker heats up more than the other so that the insulating gas accumulates on this side.
  • the separator plate makes it possible to maintain this separation and, consequently, favors the establishment and the stability of the natural convection.
  • a metal cooling case 42 disposed outside the upper wall 6 of the protective sheath 4 is sealingly connected to the insulator 26.
  • the inner volume 43 of the housing 42 communicates with the longitudinal recess 27 of the upper insulator 26 so as to form a space filled with insulating gas and airtight inside or outside the sheath.
  • a circulation tube 30 has an inlet end 32 and an outlet end 34 connected to the housing 42.
  • the inlet end 32 is located at an altitude greater than that of the outlet end 34 so as to establish, as explained above, a natural convection circulation in the direction of the arrow 38 of the insulating gas contained in the internal volume of the circuit breaker.
  • the gas is cooled by heat exchange with the inner surface of the casing 42, then by the circulation in the tube 30. This allows efficient cooling of the interrupting chamber 12 and, consequently, a significant gain in rated current. circuit breaker.
  • the tube 30 has an asymmetrical shape that makes it possible to favor a direction of circulation of the dielectric gas (arrow 38).
  • This tube can be mounted on a plate 36 such as that shown in FIG. figure 1 or on a housing such as the housing 42 of the figure 6 .

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Passive Kühlvorrichtung für elektrisches Gerät wie beispielsweise einen Generatorschutzschalter (2), wobei das Gerät vertikal im Inneren eines Schutzmantels (4) angeordnet ist und eine Hülle besitzt, die ein mit einem dielektrischen Gas gefülltes Innenvolumen begrenzt, wobei das Gerät sich durch eine Öffnung (28) durch den Schutzmantel (4) hindurch erstreckt, so dass eine Oberfläche des elektrischen Gerätes nach außen hin freiliegt, und zwar am oberen Teil des Mantels, wobei die Kühlvorrichtung mindestens ein Zirkulationsrohr (30) aufweist, das ein Eintrittsende (32) und ein Austrittsende (34) aufweist, um für ein Zirkulieren durch natürliche Konvektion des dielektrischen Gases zu sorgen, das im Innenvolumen des elektrischen Gerätes enthalten ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eintrittsende (32) und das Austrittsende (34) des Rohres mit der Oberfläche des elektrischen Gerätes verbunden sind, die nach außen freiliegt, und zwar am oberen Teil des Schutzmantels (4).
  2. Kühlvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eintrittsende (32) des Zirkulationsrohrs (30) sich auf einer Höhe befindet, die sich oberhalb derjenigen von dessen Austrittsende (34) befindet, so dass die Zirkulation durch natürliche Konvektion des dielektrischen Gases im Innenvolumen des elektrischen Gerätes begünstigt wird.
  3. Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Rohr (30) eine Form aufweist, die bezüglich einer vertikalen Symmetrieebene des Gerätes asymmetrisch ist, so dass die Zirkulation des dielektrischen Gases begünstigt wird.
  4. Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eintrittsende (32) und das Austrittsende (34) des Zirkulationsrohrs voneinander durch eine Trennplatte (40) getrennt sind.
  5. Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eintrittsende (32) und das Austrittsende (34) des Rohrs (30) auf einer Platte (36) angebracht sind, welche die Öffnung (28) verschließt, die in der oberen Wand (6) des Schutzmantels (4) ausgebildet ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Eintrittsende (32) und das Austrittsende (34) des Rohrs (30) mit einem Kühlgehäuse (42) verbunden sind, das außerhalb des Schutzmantels (4) montiert ist.
  7. Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektrische Gerät einen hohlen Isolator (26) aufweist, der im Wesentlichen senkrecht in dem Mantel (4) angeordnet ist und der ein unteres Ende, das mit einem Gehäuse (16) des Gerätes verbunden ist, und ein oberes Ende aufweist, das in dichter Weise mit der Öffnung (28) verbunden ist, die in dem Schutzmantel (4) ausgebildet ist.
  8. Elektrische Anlage, die sich in einem Metallmantel (4) befindet, aufweisend mindestens eine passive Kühlvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.
EP20050105751 2004-06-29 2005-06-28 Passive Kühlvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät und elektrisches Gerät mit einer solchen Vorrichtung Active EP1612823B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0451356A FR2872336B1 (fr) 2004-06-29 2004-06-29 Dispositif de refroidissement passif pour un appareillage electrique et appareillage electrique comprenant ce dispositif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1612823A1 EP1612823A1 (de) 2006-01-04
EP1612823B1 true EP1612823B1 (de) 2013-11-13

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EP20050105751 Active EP1612823B1 (de) 2004-06-29 2005-06-28 Passive Kühlvorrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät und elektrisches Gerät mit einer solchen Vorrichtung

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EP (1) EP1612823B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100447920C (de)
FR (1) FR2872336B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2951856A1 (fr) * 2009-10-26 2011-04-29 Areva T & D Sas Procede et dispositif de refroidissement d'une installation electrique moyenne tension sous gaine
FR3029346B1 (fr) * 2014-12-02 2018-03-09 Alstom Technology Ltd Enveloppe metallique pour dispositif de commutation electrique
CN110767482B (zh) * 2019-11-13 2022-01-11 许继集团有限公司 一种气体绝缘金属封闭开关
US20220416522A1 (en) * 2020-03-17 2022-12-29 Abb Schweiz Ag Switchgear assembly and switchgear

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2199182B2 (de) * 1972-09-08 1976-10-29 Alsthom Cgee
DE3666521D1 (en) * 1985-05-15 1989-11-23 Alsthom Switch with sulfur hexafluoride operating in a very low temperature environment
FR2800905B1 (fr) * 1999-11-08 2001-11-30 Alstom Interrupteur de centrale avec un echangeur-radiateur
FR2845819B1 (fr) * 2002-10-14 2004-12-24 Alstom Dispositif de refroidissement pour appareil de coupure de courant sous gaine
FR2846781B1 (fr) * 2002-10-31 2004-12-24 Alstom Disjoncteur de puissance comprenant un pied metallique faisant partie du circuit de refroidissement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1612823A1 (de) 2006-01-04
FR2872336B1 (fr) 2007-07-20
CN100447920C (zh) 2008-12-31
CN1710680A (zh) 2005-12-21
FR2872336A1 (fr) 2005-12-30

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