EP1608850B1 - Device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1608850B1
EP1608850B1 EP04721164A EP04721164A EP1608850B1 EP 1608850 B1 EP1608850 B1 EP 1608850B1 EP 04721164 A EP04721164 A EP 04721164A EP 04721164 A EP04721164 A EP 04721164A EP 1608850 B1 EP1608850 B1 EP 1608850B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valves
cams
cam
adjusting
pin
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EP04721164A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1608850A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Schön
Kai-Uwe Keller
Peter Kuhn
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Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components Teccenter AG
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ThyssenKrupp Presta TecCenter AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot
    • F01L2013/0068—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot with an oscillating cam acting on the valve of the "BMW-Valvetronic" type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2305/00—Valve arrangements comprising rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2107—Follower

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such devices serve to make the control of gas exchange valves so that it is possible to operate reciprocating engines without the usual throttle.
  • Such a device is for example from the DE 101 23 186 A1 known.
  • a rotating cam first drives an intermediate member, which performs an oscillating, pure rotary motion and carries a control cam, which is composed of a latching area and a stroke area.
  • the control cam transmits the necessary for actuation of the valve lift curve on the role of a drag lever-like output member, which in turn actuates the valve.
  • the desired, different Ventilhubkurven be generated by the fact that the center of rotation of the intermediate member is displaced on a circular arc-shaped path which is concentric with the role of the driven member in its position with the valve closed.
  • the center of rotation is formed by a roller provided on the intermediate member, the force acting on a circular arc-shaped track in the housing supported, which is also concentric to the role of the output member, thus forming an equidistant to the path of the center of rotation and which is referred to as a backdrop.
  • the roller mounted on the intermediate member is supported on a cam whose angular position determines the position of the center of rotation on its arcuate path.
  • a device for the mechanical control of the stroke adjustment of the intake valve of an internal combustion engine in which a lifting lever with a working curve acts on a roller rocker arm.
  • the lifting lever is guided displaceably with a driven by a bar roller in a backdrop.
  • the roller attached to the lifting lever is moved over the linearly movable bar along the curve defined by the backdrop.
  • DE 101 23 186 A1 discloses a guided over a roller in a backdrop pivot lever which acts via a lift lever mounted on the lifting cam on a valve actuating transmission element.
  • the pivot lever has a fixedly connected to this pin, on which a link roller is rotatably mounted.
  • the guided in the backdrop scenery role is by means of a cam along the slide track shifted to change the valve lift. To rotate the cam a separate adjustment is provided.
  • the object underlying the present invention is to provide a device which is constructed with the saving of a separate adjustment simple and with few components.
  • the bolt on which the intermediate members are mounted simultaneously formed as an adjusting shaft.
  • it is provided with cams and freely rotatable or stored in pendulum supports, in a four-bar linkage or in a slide.
  • the cams are fixed against rotation on the bolt.
  • the cams are supported directly or indirectly in the housing. With direct support can in the housing
  • Sliders are provided for the cams of a material of increased strength.
  • a suitable adjusting means for example an adjusting motor
  • the desired valve lift curve is set.
  • the adjusting means for example an adjusting motor
  • the bolt or the control shaft displaces parallel to itself during the adjusting movement, a connecting element must be arranged between the two, which permits this displacement.
  • This can be a PTO shaft, a Schmidt clutch, an Oldham clutch or even a gear or chain transmission depending on space requirements.
  • With hydraulic actuation also offers a lever mechanism.
  • the device according to the invention can be provided including an adjustment motor or an adjustment device for all intake or exhaust valves of a cylinder head. If the intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder head are actuated by a common camshaft, then the device according to the invention, including an adjusting motor or an adjusting device, can be provided for all intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder head.
  • the device according to the invention, including an adjusting motor or an adjusting device for each valve of an engine can be provided separately, so that any combinations of valve strokes or opening angles of the individual valves of an engine are possible, including the switching off of individual cylinders. In general, however, you will provide a common adjustment of several valves.
  • one or more additional additional gear members are arranged.
  • the device according to the invention Since it is for the acceptance of a variable valve timing, so the device according to the invention is of great importance to keep the adjustment low and because it is higher in the loaded state of the device or their joints and joints than in the power-free state, the largely closed valve is present, an adjustment according to the invention essentially provided during the common rest periods of all valves to be adjusted together. These are derived from the signal of the crankshaft and the camshaft and are getting shorter, the more valves are adjusted together. Their number is therefore limited.
  • the common adjustment of the inlet and outlet valves of only one cylinder give long, easy adjustment rest periods. But it also allows an individual load control of the individual cylinders with an adjustment strategy according to the invention such that the torques of the individual cylinders are controlled for each load condition of the entire engine. This is essential, especially in the lower load range, for smooth engine operation, since the valve lifts normally do not match sufficiently due to tolerances.
  • the signals required for this adjustment strategy are also supplied by the rotary encoder of the crankshaft and assigned to the individual cylinders by the rotary encoder of the camshaft.
  • the inventive solution provides the advantage of creating a safe adjustment for gas exchange valves with simple components. In addition, advantageously a sensitive adjustment is achieved.
  • Fig. 1 shows a camshaft 1, which carries a cam 2. This moves the roller 3 in the end region of the intermediate member 4.
  • the roller 3 is rotatably mounted on the intermediate member 4, which has a one-piece base body attached.
  • the intermediate member 4 has a control cam 5, which is composed of a latching region 5a and a lifting portion 5b.
  • the intermediate member 4 is mounted on a pin 6, the axis 7 is guided on a circular arc-shaped Verstellkurve 8.
  • the center of the circular arc-shaped adjustment curve 8 lies on the axis 9 of the roller 10 of the output member 11, which is supported via a joint 12 in the housing, not shown, and the valve 13 is confirmed. It is clear that an adjustment of the axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8 in the direction of arrow 14 has a reduction of the opening angle and stroke of the valve 13 result.
  • Fig. 2a, 2b show an embodiment in which the bolt 6 and its axis 7 is guided by a pendulum support 15 positively on the circular arc-shaped Verstellkurve 8.
  • the cylinder-head-side joint 16 of the pendulum support 15 or its axis coincides with the axis 9 of the roller 10 of the output member 11 together.
  • FIG. 2a, 2b An adjusting device not according to the invention for realizing the parallel displacement of the bolt 6 on the Verstellkurve 8.
  • the adjusting 17 carries cams 18 which determine the position of the bolt 6 and its axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8 via plunger 18a.
  • An adjustment of the axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8, as shown by the directional arrow 14, is caused by a rotation of the cam 18 and the adjusting shaft 17 corresponding to the direction arrow 14a.
  • the described Adjustment movement has a reduction of stroke and opening angle of the valve 13 result. If the constructive
  • Framework conditions (such as space) allow it, can also be dispensed with the plunger 18 a and the cams 18 can act directly on the bolt 6.
  • Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the device according to the invention with pendulum support 15 for intake valve 19 and exhaust valve 20 of a cylinder, picked out from a number of cylinders or valves.
  • pendulum support 15 for intake valve 19 and exhaust valve 20 of a cylinder, picked out from a number of cylinders or valves.
  • the cylinder head side hinge 16 of the pendulum support 15 whose axis coincides with the axis 9 of the rollers 10 of the output members 11, so that the pin 6 is forcibly guided on a circular arc-shaped adjustment curve.
  • the bolt 6 according to the invention simultaneously the function of the adjusting. He wears the cams 18, which are supported on mounted in the housing, hardened sliders 21 and is rotatable in the pendulum support.
  • a connecting element of the bolt 6 is connected to the housing-fixed adjusting motor 23.
  • a propeller shaft 22 serves as a connecting element.
  • This embodiment offers considerable advantages in terms of variety of parts, but also space in the area of the actual valve control.
  • other connecting elements such as Schmitt couplings, Oldham couplings, toothed and chain drive, come into question, a certain flexibility for the accommodation of the adjusting motor 23 is given.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the interaction of accelerator pedal 40, adjusting motors 23, rotation angle sensor 42 on the flywheel and rotation angle sensor 43 on the camshaft with the engine management 44.
  • the engine management system 44 evaluates the signals of the high-resolution rotation angle sensor 42 on the flywheel. These will with the help of the low-resolution rotation angle sensor 43 on the camshaft or at another, running at half crankshaft speed shaft, the individual cylinders.
  • signals are sent to the individual servomotors 23 for leveling the torque peaks or the crankshaft speed, in which the valve strokes of the cylinders are corrected upwards with smaller torques and those of the cylinders with larger torques downwards.
  • an adjustment takes place, with or without compensation, during the common rest phases of the valves operated by an adjusting motor. Its phase position takes the engine management 44 the sensor 43 on the camshaft by the way.

Abstract

The valve operating device has a camshaft (1) rotated in dependence on the engine revs, fitted with cams (2), used for operation of respective gas changing valves (13) via intermediate cam elements (4) and valve drive elements (11). The intermediate cam elements are fitted to a bolt (6), defining the rotation axis (7) for the intermediate cam elements, which can be displaced parallel to a setting curve (8) under control of a setting shaft.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur variablen Betätigung der Gaswechselventile von Verbrennungsmotoren entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Vorrichtungen dienen dazu, die Steuerung von Gaswechselventilen so zu gestalten, dass es möglich wird, Hubkolbenmotoren ohne die sonst übliche Drosselklappe zu betreiben.Such devices serve to make the control of gas exchange valves so that it is possible to operate reciprocating engines without the usual throttle.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der DE 101 23 186 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser Vorrichtung treibt ein umlaufender Nocken zunächst ein Zwischenglied an, welches eine oszillierende, reine Drehbewegung ausführt und eine Steuerkurve trägt, die aus einem Rastbereich und einem Hubbereich zusammengesetzt ist. Die Steuerkurve überträgt die zur Betätigung des Ventils notwendige Hubkurve auf die Rolle eines schlepphebelartigen Abtriebsgliedes, welches seinerseits das Ventil betätigt. Die gewünschten, unterschiedlichen Ventilhubkurven werden dadurch erzeugt, dass das Drehzentrum des Zwischengliedes auf einer kreisbogenförmigen Bahn verschoben wird, die zur Rolle des Abtriebsgliedes in deren Lage bei geschlossenem Ventil konzentrisch ist. Das Drehzentrum wird durch eine am Zwischenglied vorgesehene Rolle gebildet, die sich auf eine kreisbogenförmige Laufbahn im Gehäuse kraftschlüssig abstützt, die ebenfalls zur Rolle des Abtriebsgliedes konzentrisch liegt, also eine Äquidistante zur Bahn des Drehzentrums bildet und die als Kulisse bezeichnet wird. Zusätzlich stützt sich die am Zwischenglied angebrachte Rolle an einer Kurvenscheibe ab, deren Winkelstellung die Lage des Drehzentrums auf seiner kreisbogenförmigen Bahn festlegt.Such a device is for example from the DE 101 23 186 A1 known. In this device, a rotating cam first drives an intermediate member, which performs an oscillating, pure rotary motion and carries a control cam, which is composed of a latching area and a stroke area. The control cam transmits the necessary for actuation of the valve lift curve on the role of a drag lever-like output member, which in turn actuates the valve. The desired, different Ventilhubkurven be generated by the fact that the center of rotation of the intermediate member is displaced on a circular arc-shaped path which is concentric with the role of the driven member in its position with the valve closed. The center of rotation is formed by a roller provided on the intermediate member, the force acting on a circular arc-shaped track in the housing supported, which is also concentric to the role of the output member, thus forming an equidistant to the path of the center of rotation and which is referred to as a backdrop. In addition, the roller mounted on the intermediate member is supported on a cam whose angular position determines the position of the center of rotation on its arcuate path.

Es sind weitere Vorrichtungen der gattungsgemäßen Art bekannt geworden, bei welchen der Drehmittelpunkt der vom Nocken angetriebenen Zwischenglieder auf einer Kreisbahn verstellt werden soll ( OS 195 32 334 A1 ; EP 0717 174 A1 ; DE 101 64 493 ). Die Vorveröffentlichungen enthalten jedoch keine Lehre zur konstruktiven Realisierung einer derartigen Verstellung.There are other devices of the generic type become known, in which the center of rotation of the intermediate elements driven by the cam is to be adjusted on a circular path ( OS 195 32 334 A1 ; EP 0717 174 A1 ; DE 101 64 493 ). However, the prior publications contain no teaching for constructive realization of such an adjustment.

Allen bekannten Vorrichtungen ist der Nachteil gemeinsam, dass für die Verstellung des Drehmittelpunktes der vom Nocken angetriebenen Zwischenglieder eine separate Verstellvorrichtung erforderlich ist. Diese Verstellvorrichtung wird nach dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise durch eine Verstellnockenwelle, welche im Gehäuse gelagert ist, ausgeführt.All known devices have the common disadvantage that a separate adjustment is required for the adjustment of the center of rotation of the cam driven intermediate members. This adjustment is performed according to the prior art, for example, by a Verstellnockenwelle, which is mounted in the housing.

Aus der EP 1 255 027 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur mechanischen Regelung der Hubverstellung des Einlassventils eines Verbrennungsmotors bekannt, bei der ein Hubhebel mit einer Arbeitskurve auf einen Rollenschlepphebel einwirkt. Der Hubhebel ist mit einer über eine Leiste angetriebenen Rolle in einer Kulisse verschiebbar geführt. Zur Realisierung der Hubverstellung wird die an dem Hubhebel befestigte Rolle über die linear bewegbare Leiste entlang der durch die Kulisse definierten Kurve verschoben.From the EP 1 255 027 A1 a device for the mechanical control of the stroke adjustment of the intake valve of an internal combustion engine is known in which a lifting lever with a working curve acts on a roller rocker arm. The lifting lever is guided displaceably with a driven by a bar roller in a backdrop. To realize the stroke adjustment, the roller attached to the lifting lever is moved over the linearly movable bar along the curve defined by the backdrop.

In der DE 101 23 186 A1 ist ein über eine Rolle in einer Kulisse geführter Schwenkhebel offenbart, der über eine an Schwenkhebel angebrachte Hubkurve auf ein das Ventil betätigendes Übertragungselement einwirkt. Der Schwenkhebel weist einen fest mit diesem verbundenen Zapfen auf, auf welchem eine Kulissenrolle drehbar gelagert angeordnet ist. Die in der Kulisse geführte Kulissenrolle wird mittels einer Kurvenscheibe entlang der Kulissenbahn verschoben, um den Ventilhub zu verändern. Um die Kurvenscheibe zu verdrehen ist eine separate Verstelleinrichtung vorgesehen.In the DE 101 23 186 A1 discloses a guided over a roller in a backdrop pivot lever which acts via a lift lever mounted on the lifting cam on a valve actuating transmission element. The pivot lever has a fixedly connected to this pin, on which a link roller is rotatably mounted. The guided in the backdrop scenery role is by means of a cam along the slide track shifted to change the valve lift. To rotate the cam a separate adjustment is provided.

Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe besteht darin, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, welche unter Einsparung einer separaten Verstellvorrichtung einfach und mit wenigen Bauteilen aufgebaut ist.The object underlying the present invention is to provide a device which is constructed with the saving of a separate adjustment simple and with few components.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 19 beschrieben. Vorzugsweise wird der Bolzen, auf dem die Zwischenglieder gelagert sind, gleichzeitig als Verstellwelle ausgebildet. Zu diesem Zweck wird er mit Kurvenscheiben versehen und frei drehbar oder in Pendelstützen, in einem Gelenkviereck oder in einem Schieber gelagert. Die Kurvenscheiben sind drehfest auf dem Bolzen befestigt. Die Kurvenscheiben stützen sich direkt oder indirekt im Gehäuse ab. Bei direkter Abstützung können im GehäuseThis object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments are described in claims 2 to 19. Preferably, the bolt on which the intermediate members are mounted, simultaneously formed as an adjusting shaft. For this purpose, it is provided with cams and freely rotatable or stored in pendulum supports, in a four-bar linkage or in a slide. The cams are fixed against rotation on the bolt. The cams are supported directly or indirectly in the housing. With direct support can in the housing

Gleitstücke für die Kurvenscheiben aus einem Material erhöhter Festigkeit vorgesehen werden. Durch Verdrehung der Verstellwelle mit einem geeigneten Verstellmittel, beispielsweise einem Verstellmotor, wird die gewünschte Ventilhubkurve eingestellt. Da das Verstellmittel, beispielsweise ein Verstellmotor, in der Regel gehäusefest angeordnet sein wird, der Bolzen, bzw. die Steuerwelle sich aber bei der Verstellbewegung parallel zu sich selbst verlagert, muss zwischen beiden ein Verbindungselement angeordnet werden, welches diese Verlagerung zulässt. Dieses kann je nach Bauraumbedingungen eine Gelenkwelle, eine Schmidt-Kupplung, eine Oldham-Kupplung oder auch ein Zahnrad- oder Kettengetriebe sein. Bei hydraulischer Betätigung bietet sich auch ein Hebelmechanismus an.Sliders are provided for the cams of a material of increased strength. By rotating the adjusting shaft with a suitable adjusting means, for example an adjusting motor, the desired valve lift curve is set. Since the adjusting means, for example an adjusting motor, will generally be arranged fixed to the housing, but the bolt or the control shaft displaces parallel to itself during the adjusting movement, a connecting element must be arranged between the two, which permits this displacement. This can be a PTO shaft, a Schmidt clutch, an Oldham clutch or even a gear or chain transmission depending on space requirements. With hydraulic actuation also offers a lever mechanism.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann einschließlich eines Verstellmotors bzw. einer Verstellvorrichtung für alle Ein- oder Auslassventile eines Zylinderkopfes vorgesehen werden. Werden die Ein- und Auslassventile eines Zylinderkopfes von einer gemeinsamen Nockenwelle betätigt, so kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einschließlich eines Verstellmotors bzw. einer Verstellvorrichtung für alle Ein- und Auslassventile eines Zylinderkopfes vorgesehen werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann einschließlich eines Verstellmotors bzw. einer Verstellvorrichtung für jedes Ventil eines Motors separat vorgesehen werden, sodass beliebige Kombinationen von Ventilhüben bzw. Öffnungswinkeln der einzelnen Ventile eines Motors möglich sind, einschließlich der Abschaltung einzelner Zylinder. In der Regel wird man aber eine gemeinsame Verstellung mehrerer Ventile vorsehen. Dies gilt insbesondere bei mehrventiligen Motoren für die Ein- und Auslassventile eines Zylinders. Beispielsweise können zwei Einlassventile von einem Nocken über ein Zwischenglied betätigt werden, welches für jedes Ventil eine Steuerkurve aufweist. Da nur ein Zwischenglied und nur ein Bolzen vorhanden ist, werden beide Ventile gemeinsam und gleichartig verstellt. Erfindungsgemäß können an dem gemeinsamen Zwischenglied aber auch zwei unterschiedliche Steuerkurven vorgesehen werden mit dem Ergebnis unterschiedlicher Hubkurven an beiden Ventilen trotz gemeinsamer Verstellung. Diese Variante eröffnet insbesondere im untersten Lastbereich die Möglichkeit der Öffnung nur noch eines der beiden Ventile. Der besondere Vorteil dieser Möglichkeit liegt darin, dass im untersten Lastbereich sehr kleine Querschnitte freigegeben werden müssen und sich diese genauer einhalten lassen, wenn sie nur durch ein Ventil freigegeben werden. Zusätzlich besteht die Möglichkeit, durch die Öffnung nur eines der Einlassventile einen Drall der Zylinderladung zu erzeugen. Die Möglichkeiten der Erzeugung unterschiedlicher Ventilhubkurven für zwei Ein- oder auch Auslassventile eines Zylinders werden erfindungsgemäß dadurch erweitert, dass zwei unterschiedliche Nocken und zwei Zwischenglieder mit unterschiedlichen Steuerkurven verwendet werden. Dennoch können beide Ventile gemeinsam verstellt werden, da die beiden Zwischenglieder auf einem gemeinsamen Bolzen gelagert sein können.The device according to the invention can be provided including an adjustment motor or an adjustment device for all intake or exhaust valves of a cylinder head. If the intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder head are actuated by a common camshaft, then the device according to the invention, including an adjusting motor or an adjusting device, can be provided for all intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder head. The device according to the invention, including an adjusting motor or an adjusting device for each valve of an engine, can be provided separately, so that any combinations of valve strokes or opening angles of the individual valves of an engine are possible, including the switching off of individual cylinders. In general, however, you will provide a common adjustment of several valves. This applies in particular to multi-valve engines for the intake and exhaust valves of a cylinder. For example, two intake valves can be actuated by a cam via an intermediate member, which has a control cam for each valve. Since only one link and only one bolt is present, both valves are adjusted together and similar. According to the invention, however, two different ones can also be used on the common intermediate member Cams are provided with the result of different lifting curves on both valves despite common adjustment. This variant opens up the possibility of opening only one of the two valves, especially in the lowest load range. The particular advantage of this option is that very small cross-sections have to be released in the lowest load range and can be adhered to more precisely if they are only released by a valve. In addition, it is possible to generate a twist of the cylinder charge through the opening of only one of the intake valves. The possibilities of generating different valve lift curves for two intake or exhaust valves of a cylinder are inventively extended by the fact that two different cams and two intermediate links are used with different cams. Nevertheless, both valves can be adjusted together, since the two intermediate links can be mounted on a common bolt.

Soweit es aus baulichen (konstruktiven) Gründen (z.B. zur Positionierung der Nockenwelle in einer gewünschten Position) erforderlich ist, können z.B. zwischen Nocken und Zwischenglied ein oder mehrere weitere zusätzliche Getriebeglieder angeordnet werden.To the extent necessary for structural reasons (e.g., for positioning the camshaft in a desired position), e.g. between the cam and intermediate member one or more additional additional gear members are arranged.

Es ist weiter möglich, die Zwischenglieder einer größeren Zahl parallel liegender Ventile gemeinsam durch einen Verstellmotor bzw. Mechanismus zu verstellen, insbesondere dann, wenn diese auf einen gemeinsamen Bolzen gelagert sind.It is also possible to adjust the intermediate links of a larger number of parallel valves together by an adjusting motor or mechanism, in particular when they are mounted on a common bolt.

Da es für die Akzeptanz einer variablen Ventilsteuerung, also auch der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung von großer Bedeutung ist, die Verstellleistung gering zu halten und weil diese im belasteten Zustand der Vorrichtung bzw. deren Gleitfugen und Gelenke höher ist als im kraftfreien Zustand, der bei geschlossenem Ventil weitgehend vorliegt, ist erfindungsgemäß eine Verstellung im Wesentlichen während der gemeinsamen Ruhephasen aller gemeinsam zu verstellender Ventile vorgesehen. Diese werden vom Signal der Kurbelwelle und der Nockenwelle abgeleitet und werden immer kürzer, je mehr Ventile gemeinsam verstellt werden. Deren Zahl ist also begrenzt.Since it is for the acceptance of a variable valve timing, so the device according to the invention is of great importance to keep the adjustment low and because it is higher in the loaded state of the device or their joints and joints than in the power-free state, the largely closed valve is present, an adjustment according to the invention essentially provided during the common rest periods of all valves to be adjusted together. These are derived from the signal of the crankshaft and the camshaft and are getting shorter, the more valves are adjusted together. Their number is therefore limited.

Die gemeinsame Verstellung der Ein- bzw. Auslassventile jeweils nur eines Zylinders ergeben lange, verstellfreundliche Ruhephasen. Sie ermöglicht aber auch eine individuelle Laststeuerung der einzelnen Zylinder mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Verstellstrategie derart, dass für jeden Lastzustand des Gesamtmotors die Drehmomente der einzelnen Zylinder geregelt werden. Dies ist insbesondere im unteren Lastbereich für einen ruhigen Motorlauf wesentlich, da toleranzbedingt die Ventilhübe normalerweise nicht genügend übereinstimmen. Die für diese Verstellstrategie erforderlichen Signale werden ebenfalls vom Drehwinkelgeber der Kurbelwelle geliefert und vom Drehwinkelgeber der Nockenwelle den einzelnen Zylindern zugeordnet.The common adjustment of the inlet and outlet valves of only one cylinder give long, easy adjustment rest periods. But it also allows an individual load control of the individual cylinders with an adjustment strategy according to the invention such that the torques of the individual cylinders are controlled for each load condition of the entire engine. This is essential, especially in the lower load range, for smooth engine operation, since the valve lifts normally do not match sufficiently due to tolerances. The signals required for this adjustment strategy are also supplied by the rotary encoder of the crankshaft and assigned to the individual cylinders by the rotary encoder of the camshaft.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird der Vorteil erzielt, mit einfachen Bauelementen eine sichere Verstelleinrichtung für Gaswechselventile zu schaffen. Darüber hinaus vorteilhaft wird eine feinfühlige Verstellung erreicht.The inventive solution provides the advantage of creating a safe adjustment for gas exchange valves with simple components. In addition, advantageously a sensitive adjustment is achieved.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnungen einiger Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
die in den Kraftfluss von der Nockenwelle zum Ventil eingeschalteten, beweglichen Teile der gattungsbildenden Vorrichtung
Fig. 2
einen Querschnitt einer nicht erfindungsgmäßen Verstelleinrichtung unter Verwendung der in Fig.1 dargestellten Teile mit Pendelstütze und Verstellwelle
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Pendelstütze und dem Bolzen als Verstellwelle
Fig.4
schematisch das Zusammenwirken von Motormanagement, Gaspedal, Drehwinkelgeber, Verstellmotoren und Batterie.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings of some embodiments. It shows
Fig. 1
in the power flow from the camshaft to the valve switched, moving parts of the generic device
Fig. 2
a cross section of a not erfindungsgmäßen adjusting using the in Fig.1 Parts shown with pendulum support and adjusting shaft
Fig. 3
a perspective view of the device according to the invention with pendulum support and the bolt as adjusting
Figure 4
schematically the interaction of engine management, accelerator pedal, rotary encoder, adjusting motors and battery.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Nockenwelle 1, die einen Nocken 2 trägt. Dieser bewegt die Rolle 3 im Endbereich des Zwischengliedes 4. Die Rolle 3 ist drehbar am Zwischenglied 4, welches einen einteiligen Grundkörper aufweist, befestigt. Das Zwischenglied 4 weist eine Steuerkurve 5 auf, die aus einem Rastbereich 5a und einem Hubbereich 5b zusammengesetzt ist. Das Zwischenglied 4 ist auf einem Bolzen 6 gelagert, dessen Achse 7 auf einer kreisbogenförmigen Verstellkurve 8 geführt ist. Der Mittelpunkt der kreisbogenförmigen Verstellkurve 8 liegt auf der Achse 9 der Rolle 10 des Abtriebsgliedes 11, welches sich über ein Gelenk 12 im nicht dargestellten Gehäuse abstützt und das Ventil 13 bestätigt. Es ist klar ersichtlich, dass eine Verstellung der Achse 7 auf der Verstellkurve 8 in Richtung des Pfeils 14 eine Verringerung von Öffnungswinkel und Hub des Ventils 13 zur Folge hat. Fig. 1 shows a camshaft 1, which carries a cam 2. This moves the roller 3 in the end region of the intermediate member 4. The roller 3 is rotatably mounted on the intermediate member 4, which has a one-piece base body attached. The intermediate member 4 has a control cam 5, which is composed of a latching region 5a and a lifting portion 5b. The intermediate member 4 is mounted on a pin 6, the axis 7 is guided on a circular arc-shaped Verstellkurve 8. The center of the circular arc-shaped adjustment curve 8 lies on the axis 9 of the roller 10 of the output member 11, which is supported via a joint 12 in the housing, not shown, and the valve 13 is confirmed. It is clear that an adjustment of the axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8 in the direction of arrow 14 has a reduction of the opening angle and stroke of the valve 13 result.

Fig. 2a, 2b zeigen eine Ausführungsform, bei der der Bolzen 6 bzw. dessen Achse 7 durch eine Pendelstütze 15 formschlüssig auf der kreisbogenförmigen Verstellkurve 8 geführt ist. Das zylinderkopfseitige Gelenk 16 der Pendelstütze 15 bzw. dessen Achse fällt mit der Achse 9 der Rolle 10 des Abtriebsgliedes 11 zusammen. Fig. 2a, 2b show an embodiment in which the bolt 6 and its axis 7 is guided by a pendulum support 15 positively on the circular arc-shaped Verstellkurve 8. The cylinder-head-side joint 16 of the pendulum support 15 or its axis coincides with the axis 9 of the roller 10 of the output member 11 together.

Im Übrigen zeigen Fig. 2a, 2b eine nicht erfindungsgemäße Verstelleinrichtung zur Realisierung der Parallelverschiebung des Bolzens 6 auf der Verstellkurve 8. Die Verstellwelle 17 trägt Kurvenscheiben 18, die über Stößel 18a die Lage des Bolzens 6 bzw. seiner Achse 7 auf der Verstellkurve 8 festlegen. Eine Verstellung der Achse 7 auf der Verstellkurve 8, wie durch den Richtungspfeil 14 dargestellt, wird durch eine Verdrehung der Kurvenscheibe18 bzw. der Verstellwelle 17 entsprechend dem Richtungspfeil 14a hervorgerufen. Die beschriebene Verstellbewegung hat eine Verringerung von Hub und Öffnungswinkel des Ventils 13 zur Folge. Wenn die konstruktivenBy the way, show Fig. 2a, 2b An adjusting device not according to the invention for realizing the parallel displacement of the bolt 6 on the Verstellkurve 8. The adjusting 17 carries cams 18 which determine the position of the bolt 6 and its axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8 via plunger 18a. An adjustment of the axis 7 on the Verstellkurve 8, as shown by the directional arrow 14, is caused by a rotation of the cam 18 and the adjusting shaft 17 corresponding to the direction arrow 14a. The described Adjustment movement has a reduction of stroke and opening angle of the valve 13 result. If the constructive

Rahmenbedingungen (z.B. Bauraum) es zulassen, kann auf den Stößel 18a auch verzichtet werden und die Kurvenscheiben 18 können direkt auf den Bolzen 6 einwirken.Framework conditions (such as space) allow it, can also be dispensed with the plunger 18 a and the cams 18 can act directly on the bolt 6.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit Pendelstütze 15 für Einlassventil 19 und Auslassventil 20 eines Zylinders, herausgegriffen aus einer Reihe von Zylindern bzw. Ventilen. Gut zu erkennen ist das zylinderkopfseitige Gelenk 16 der Pendelstütze 15, dessen Achse mit der Achse 9 der Rollen 10 der Abtriebsglieder 11 zusammenfällt, sodass der Bolzen 6 auf einer kreisbogenförmigen Verstellkurve zwangsgeführt ist. Im Unterschied zu der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 übernimmt hier der Bolzen 6 erfindungsgemäß gleichzeitig die Funktion der Verstellwelle. Er trägt die Kurvenscheiben 18, die sich auf im Gehäuse angebrachte, gehärtete Gleitstücke 21 abstützen und ist in der Pendelstütze drehbar. Über ein geeignetes Verbindungselement ist der Bolzen 6 mit dem gehäusefesten Verstellmotor 23 verbunden. Im vorliegenden Beispiel dient eine Gelenkwelle 22 als Verbindungselement. Diese Ausführungsform bietet erhebliche Vorteile bezüglich Teilevielfalt, aber auch Bauraum im Bereich der eigentlichen Ventilsteuerung. Da außer Gelenkwellen auch andere Verbindungselemente, wie Schmitt-Kupplungen, Oldham-Kupplungen, Zahn- und Kettgetriebe, in Frage kommen, ist eine gewisse Flexibilität für die Unterbringung des Verstellmotors 23 gegeben. Fig. 3 shows a perspective view of the device according to the invention with pendulum support 15 for intake valve 19 and exhaust valve 20 of a cylinder, picked out from a number of cylinders or valves. Good to see is the cylinder head side hinge 16 of the pendulum support 15, whose axis coincides with the axis 9 of the rollers 10 of the output members 11, so that the pin 6 is forcibly guided on a circular arc-shaped adjustment curve. Unlike the embodiment according to Fig. 2 takes here the bolt 6 according to the invention simultaneously the function of the adjusting. He wears the cams 18, which are supported on mounted in the housing, hardened sliders 21 and is rotatable in the pendulum support. About a suitable connecting element of the bolt 6 is connected to the housing-fixed adjusting motor 23. In the present example, a propeller shaft 22 serves as a connecting element. This embodiment offers considerable advantages in terms of variety of parts, but also space in the area of the actual valve control. As well as cardan shafts, other connecting elements, such as Schmitt couplings, Oldham couplings, toothed and chain drive, come into question, a certain flexibility for the accommodation of the adjusting motor 23 is given.

Fig. 4 zeigt schematisch das Zusammenwirken von Fahrpedal 40, Verstellmotoren 23, Drehwinkelsensor 42 am Schwungrad und Drehwinkelsensor 43 an der Nockenwelle mit dem Motormanagement 44. Ein vom Fahrpedal 40 bzw. einem Sensor für dessen Stellung ausgehendes Signal wird vom Motormanagement 44 in ein Signal an die Verstellmotoren 23 zur Erhöhung oder Erniedrigung der Ventilhübe gewandelt. Nach Erreichen des gewünschten Lastzustandes für den Gesamtmotor wertet das Motormanagement 44 die Signale des hochauflösenden Drehwinkelsensors 42 am Schwungrad aus. Diese werden mit Hilfe des niedrig auflösenden Drehwinkelsensors 43 an der Nockenwelle oder an einer anderen, mit halber Kurbelwellendrehzahl laufenden Welle, den einzelnen Zylindern zugeordnet. Mit diesen Informationen gehen Signale an die einzelnen Verstellmotoren 23 zur Nivellierung der Drehmomentspitzen oder der Kurbelwellendrehzahl, in dem die Ventilhübe der Zylinder mit kleineren Drehmomenten nach oben korrigiert werden und diejenigen der Zylinder mit größeren Drehmomenten nach unten. Erfindungsgemäß findet eine Verstellung, ob mit oder ohne Ausgleich, während der gemeinsamen Ruhephasen der von einem Verstellmotor bedienten Ventile statt. Deren Phasenlage entnimmt das Motormanagement 44 dem Sensor 43 an der Nockenwelle nebenbei. Fig. 4 schematically shows the interaction of accelerator pedal 40, adjusting motors 23, rotation angle sensor 42 on the flywheel and rotation angle sensor 43 on the camshaft with the engine management 44. A signal from the accelerator pedal 40 and a sensor for its position signal from the engine management 44 in a signal to the adjusting motors 23rd converted to increase or decrease the valve lifts. After reaching the desired load condition for the entire engine, the engine management system 44 evaluates the signals of the high-resolution rotation angle sensor 42 on the flywheel. These will with the help of the low-resolution rotation angle sensor 43 on the camshaft or at another, running at half crankshaft speed shaft, the individual cylinders. With this information, signals are sent to the individual servomotors 23 for leveling the torque peaks or the crankshaft speed, in which the valve strokes of the cylinders are corrected upwards with smaller torques and those of the cylinders with larger torques downwards. According to the invention, an adjustment takes place, with or without compensation, during the common rest phases of the valves operated by an adjusting motor. Its phase position takes the engine management 44 the sensor 43 on the camshaft by the way.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Nockenwellecamshaft
22
Nockencam
33
Rollerole
44
Zwischengliedintermediary
55
Steuerkurvecam
5a5a
RastbereichRest area
5b5b
HubbereichStroke range
66
Bolzenbolt
77
Achseaxis
88th
Verstellkurveadjustment curve
99
Achseaxis
1010
Rollerole
1111
Abtriebsglieddriven member
1212
Gelenkjoint
1313
VentilValve
1414
Pfeilarrow
14a14a
Richtungspfeilarrow
1515
PendelstützeStabilizer
1616
Gelenkjoint
1717
Verstellwelleadjusting
1818
Kurvenscheibecam
18a18a
Stößeltappet
1919
Einlassventilintake valve
2020
Auslassventiloutlet valve
2121
Gleitstückslide
2222
Gelenkwellepropeller shaft
2323
Verstellmotoradjusting
4040
Fahrpedalaccelerator
4242
DrehwinkelsensorRotation angle sensor
4343
DrehwinkelsensorRotation angle sensor
4444
Motormanagementengine management

Claims (19)

  1. Device for the variable actuation of gas-exchange valves of internal combustion engines, in which one or several cams (2) of a camshaft (1), mounted in a housing, rotate in dependence upon the rotational speed of the engine, the cam (2) initially driving an intermediate link (4), which carries out an oscillating, purely rotational movement, the rotational axis (7) of which in the housing can be shifted in parallel with itself along an adjusting cam (8), wherein the intermediate link (4) comprises a control cam (5) with a pause region (5a) and a lifting region (5b), and via this control cam actuates a power take-off element (11), which, in turn, actuates at least one gas-exchange valve, characterised in that the intermediate link (4) is mounted on a pin (6) with an axis corresponding to the rotational axis (7) and the pin (6) is mounted in a parallel displaceable manner on the adjusting cam, wherein for the purpose of achieving the parallel displacement the pin (6) is mounted in a rotatable manner in its guides and supports one or several cam discs (18) non-rotatably attached to the pin (6), which cam discs are supported with their cams directly or indirectly against the housing via sliding blocks (21) and the pin (6) can be rotated by an adjusting means via a suitable connecting element.
  2. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the cam discs (18) support the pin (6) essentially in the tangential direction with respect to the adjusting cam (8).
  3. Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that sliding blocks (21) of a material of greater hardness, against which the cam discs (18) are supported, are disposed in the housing.
  4. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a hydraulic clearance equalizing element is provided at the power take-off element.
  5. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterised by its separate arrangement for each engine valve.
  6. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterised by its separate arrangement of all intake or exhaust valves of a cylinder head.
  7. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterised by its separate arrangement for all valves of a cylinder head.
  8. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterised by its separate arrangement for, in each case, two adjacent, parallel valves of a cylinder.
  9. Device as claimed in claim 8, characterised by the common, combined actuation of the intake and/or exhaust valves of a cylinder.
  10. Device as claimed in claim 9, characterised by a common intermediate link with two identical control cams for the two valves.
  11. Device as claimed in claim 9, characterised by a common intermediate link with two different controls cams for the two valves.
  12. Device as claimed in claim 8, characterised by two identical cams (2) and by two intermediate links (4) with identical control cams for the two valves.
  13. Device as claimed in claim 8, characterised by two different cams (2) and two intermediate links (4) with different control cams for the two valves.
  14. Device as claimed in claim 8, characterised by two different cams (2) and two intermediate links (4) with identical control cams for the two valves.
  15. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 14, characterised by an adjustment for keeping at least one valve closed constantly.
  16. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 15, characterised by a hydraulic unit, which specifies the respectively demanded angular position to the pin (6) directly or indirectly.
  17. Device as claimed in claims 1 to 15, characterised by an electric adjusting motor (23), which specifies the respectively demanded angular position directly or indirectly with respect to the pin (6) via a gear mechanism.
  18. Device as claimed in various ones of claims 1 to 5 and 8 to 17, characterised by an adjusting strategy in such a manner that the valve lifts of the individual cylinders are adjusted constantly as a function of the signal of the angle of rotation transmitter (42) of the crankshaft or the evaluation of the signal.
  19. Device as claimed in various ones of claims 1 to 5 and 8 to 18, characterised by an adjusting strategy in such a manner that the adjusting movements take place essentially during the common pause phases of all valves operated jointly by an adjusting motor (23).
EP04721164A 2003-03-24 2004-03-17 Device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP1608850B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10312961 2003-03-24
DE10312961A DE10312961C5 (en) 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Device for the variable actuation of gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines
PCT/EP2004/002741 WO2004085803A1 (en) 2003-03-24 2004-03-17 Device for the variable actuation of the gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines

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EP1608850B1 true EP1608850B1 (en) 2009-11-25

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EP (1) EP1608850B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006521492A (en)
KR (1) KR101098170B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100472035C (en)
AT (1) ATE449902T1 (en)
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CA (1) CA2519578A1 (en)
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ATE449902T1 (en) 2009-12-15
US20070051329A1 (en) 2007-03-08
EP1608850A1 (en) 2005-12-28
MXPA05009833A (en) 2005-12-05
BRPI0408638A (en) 2006-03-28
ES2334791T3 (en) 2010-03-16
KR101098170B1 (en) 2011-12-23
US7493878B2 (en) 2009-02-24
DE10312961B3 (en) 2004-05-13
WO2004085803A1 (en) 2004-10-07
DE10312961C5 (en) 2009-01-29
CN100472035C (en) 2009-03-25
DE502004010416D1 (en) 2010-01-07
JP2006521492A (en) 2006-09-21
KR20050105995A (en) 2005-11-08
CN1764770A (en) 2006-04-26
CA2519578A1 (en) 2004-10-07

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