EP1601878B1 - Piston-type accumulator - Google Patents

Piston-type accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1601878B1
EP1601878B1 EP04703100A EP04703100A EP1601878B1 EP 1601878 B1 EP1601878 B1 EP 1601878B1 EP 04703100 A EP04703100 A EP 04703100A EP 04703100 A EP04703100 A EP 04703100A EP 1601878 B1 EP1601878 B1 EP 1601878B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder pipe
cylinder tube
magnetic
store according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP04703100A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1601878A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Dorr
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Hydac Technology GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2807—Position switches, i.e. means for sensing of discrete positions only, e.g. limit switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3158—Guides for the flexible separating means, e.g. for a collapsed bladder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/50—Monitoring, detection and testing means for accumulators
    • F15B2201/515—Position detection for separating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to piston accumulator according to the feature design of the preamble of claim 1, as they are, inter alia, provided in connection with hydraulic systems to take certain volumes of pressurized fluid (for example, hydraulic medium) and return them to the system as needed.
  • Hydropneumatic (gas-loaded) accumulators are nowadays used in most hydrosystems, wherein the movable separating element within the accumulator housing separates a fluid space as the one working space from a gas reservoir as the further working space. Nitrogen gas is used regularly as the working gas, and the piston forming the gas-tight separating element allows a decoupling of the gas reservoir space from the liquid space.
  • the liquid part communicates with the hydraulic circuit of the system, so that the accumulator absorbs liquid as the pressure increases, thereby compressing the gas. With decreasing pressure, the compressed gas expands, displacing the stored pressure fluid back into the hydraulic circuit. Due to the resulting in operation changes in the volumes of gas storage space and liquid space results in each case a corresponding axial movement of the piston within the storage enclosure.
  • the invention has the object to provide a piston accumulator which allows for a determination of the size of the volumes of the working spaces and thus the position of the piston in a simple manner during operation and which further secures the magnet assembly during operation of the memory ,
  • a task solves a piston accumulator with the features of claim 1 in its entirety.
  • the magnetic bodies are held between adjacent to their Polend vomit annular bodies of magnetizable material surrounding the piston in a peripheral portion having a smaller diameter than the guided on the inner wall of the cylinder tube peripheral portion, and the piston at the transition between the guided on the cylinder tube peripheral portion and the diameter in contrast reduced circumferential portion defining a radial plane shoulder surface as a contact surface for a damping element, abuts the opposite side of the shoulder surface of the adjacent annular body, is available for the display of the piston position, an electrical signal available advantageous possibilities of designing the position indicator opens, for example in the form of a signal-controlled visual and / or acoustic display, optionally also in the form of a remote display. Furthermore, the damping element lying in the radial plane of the piston assembly secures the magnet arrangement in the event of a possible regurgitation of the piston on the piston housing bottom of the storage housing, which in this respect accommodates reliable monitoring of the operating state of the memory.
  • the permanent magnets are held on the piston between annular bodies made of magnetizable material, which bear against the pole ends of the permanent agent.
  • These annular bodies of magnetizable material may be designed so that they are approximated with parts of their peripheral regions of the inner wall of the cylinder tube and form pole pieces for introducing magnetic flux into the wall of the cylinder tube.
  • the storage housing of the embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention shown in the drawing has a circular cylindrical tube 1 made of magnetizable material, for example of a steel alloy.
  • a piston 3 made of non-magnetizable material, such as a non-magnetizable steel (stainless steel) or an aluminum alloy or the like, in the axial direction back and forth movable, which is indicated by a longitudinal axis 5.
  • the piston 3 serves as a movable separating element between two working spaces located in the cylinder tube 1, in the exemplary embodiment a gas reservoir 7 and a fluid space 9.
  • the cylinder tube 1 is closed by a screwed-in cylinder cover 11. This is traversed by a gas channel 13 to which a gas valve or a filling valve can be connected (both not shown). Similarly, the cylinder tube 1 is closed at the end associated with the fluid space 9 by a screwed lid 15 having a central fluid passage 17.
  • the piston 3 has a trough-like inner trough 19, which is concentric with the axis 5 and open at the gas supply chamber 7 facing the piston end, so that it increases the volume of the gas storage space 7.
  • the piston 3 has a peripheral portion 21, which has a reduced outer diameter compared to a subsequent peripheral portion 23, which extends up to the piston end facing the fluid space 9.
  • the latter circumferential portion 23 is adapted in the outer diameter of the inner diameter of the cylinder tube 1 so that it is guided gas-tight on the inside of the cylinder tube 1.
  • the peripheral portion 23 has circumferential annular grooves in which piston seals 25 and a piston guide rail 27 are seated, which are of conventional type in piston accumulators.
  • annular body 29 and 31 On the reduced outer diameter having circumferential portion 21 of the piston 3 are annular body 29 and 31, which are both made of magnetizable material.
  • the underside drawn in Fig. 1 and 2 annular body 31 is shown separately in Fig. 3 in plan view.
  • the upper side of the annular body 31 has a series of depressions 33 (not all of which are not shown in FIG. 3) extending along its circumference and concentrically, which form circular depressions of shallow depth and at regular intervals Angular distances along the entire circumference are arranged, wherein 22 depressions 33 are provided in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the depressions formed by the depressions 33 serve as a seat for a respective circular cylindrical permanent magnet body 35 whose pole axes parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 and which rest with their Polend Structure at the bottom of the depressions 33.
  • the mirror body to the ring body 31 formed in the Fig. Upper ring body 29 also has corresponding depressions 33, which are the seat for the top in the Fig. Polend vom the permanent magnet body 35 form.
  • the series of magnetic bodies 35 is therefore clamped between the annular bodies 29 and 31.
  • a threaded ring 37 which is screwed onto an external thread 39 at the adjacent end of the piston, holds the annular body 29 and 31 in contact with the magnetic bodies 35 and in abutment with a damping element 41 which is inserted between the lower annular body 31 and a shoulder surface 43, one in one Radial plane lying flat surface at the transition between the peripheral portions 21 and 23 of the piston 3 forms.
  • the damping element 41 secures the magnetic and pole shoe arrangement in the event of a possible regurgitation of the piston 3 on the piston housing bottom (not illustrated in more detail).
  • the annular body 29 and 31 in its adjacent to the magnetic body 35 peripheral portion 45 has an outer diameter, through which there is a radial distance from the cylinder tube 1, so that a space for receiving non-magnetizable Guiding and sealing elements 47 (see Fig. 2) is formed.
  • the outer diameter of the annular bodies 29 and 31 approximates the inner diameter of the cylinder tube 1.
  • the annular bodies 29 and 31 form pole shoes for introducing the magnetic flux into the wall of the cylinder tube 1 via the peripheral regions 49 approximating thereto.
  • two Hall sensors 51 are mounted on the outside of the cylinder tube 1, which respond to changes in the magnetic field, as they arise when the piston 3 with the magnet assembly located on it along its stroke in the Cylinder tube 1 moves.
  • they are on the cylinder tube 1 in each other attached opposite orientation, so that an approach of the piston 3 to its upper end position and to its lower end position, which corresponds to an amplification of the magnetic field, each having different polarity of the field lines at the respective Hall sensor 51, respectively leading to a positive signal rise of the Hall voltage ,
  • FIG. 1 two Hall sensors 51 are mounted on the outside of the cylinder tube 1, which respond to changes in the magnetic field, as they arise when the piston 3 with the magnet assembly located on it along its stroke in the Cylinder tube 1 moves.
  • 53 connecting cable of the Hall sensors 51 they are on the cylinder tube 1 in each other attached opposite orientation, so that an approach of the piston 3 to its upper end position and to its lower end position, which corresponds to an amplification of the magnetic field, each having different polarity of the field lines
  • the Hall sensors 51 are arranged at such axial distance from one another that the one Hall sensor 51 is located in the region in which the magnetic bodies 35 are located at the one end position of the piston 3 , and the other Hall sensor 51, offset towards the other end of the cylinder tube 1, is mounted in an area where the magnetic bodies 35 of the piston 3 are at the other end position.
  • the hall voltages generated by the Hall sensors 51, the position of the piston 3 characterizing Hall voltages can be processed in any suitable manner for obtaining the position indicator of the piston 3.
  • the introduction of the magnetic flux of the magnetic body 35 into the wall of the cylinder tube 1 via the annular bodies 29 and 31 functioning as pole shoes results in significant signal values due to the Hall effect. It goes without saying that the coupling of the flux via the annular bodies 29 and 31 serving as a pole shoe only needs to be so strong that sufficient signal values are achieved.
  • a decoupling can be provided for sufficient values for the display purposes, for example by a small air gap between the peripheral regions 49 and the cylinder tube 1 is provided or between the peripheral portion 49 and cylinder tube 1, a thin-walled piston guide means non-magnetizable material is inserted.
  • only one Hall sensor 51 can be provided for position monitoring or determination of the piston 3.
  • more than two Hall sensors 51 can monitor the respective travel position of the piston 3 and forward it to a corresponding evaluation electronics. Accordingly, with the solution according to the invention also an end position monitoring of the piston 3 by the two Hall sensors 51 as shown in FIG. 1 possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

A piston-type accumulator has: a) an accumulator housing in the form of a cylinder tube (1) made of magnetizable material, which defines an axial direction of the housing; b) a piston (3), which can be axially displaced over a stroke path inside the cylinder tube (1) and which forms a moving separating element that, inside the accumulator housing, separates two working spaces (7 and 9) from one another; c) a magnet arrangement (29, 31, 35), placed on the piston (3) and generating a field on the wall of the cylinder tube (1), and; d) a magnetic field sensor device located on the exterior of the cylinder tube (1) and having at least one Hall sensor (51). The Hall sensor is mounted on the exterior of the cylinder tube (1) and responds to the field generated by the magnet arrangement (29, 31, 35) on the piston (3) to determine the position of the piston (3) along the stroke path.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Kolbenspeicher gemäß der Merkmalsausgestaltung des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1, wie sie, unter anderem, in Verbindung mit Hydroanlagen dazu vorgesehen sind, bestimmte Volumina unter Druck stehender Flüssigkeit (beispielsweise Hydraulikmedium) aufzunehmen und diese bei Bedarf an die Anlage zurückzugeben. In den meisten Hydroanlagen werden heutzutage hydropneumatische (gasbeaufschlagte) Speicher eingesetzt, wobei das bewegliche Trennelement innerhalb des Speichergehäuses einen Flüssigkeitsraum als den einen Arbeitsraum von einem Gasvorratsraum als dem weiteren Arbeitsraum trennt. Als Arbeitsgas kommt regelmäßig Stickstoffgas zum Einsatz, und der das gasdichte Trenn-element bildende Kolben erlaubt weitgehand eine Entkoppelung von Gasvorratsraum zu Flüssigkeitsraum.The invention relates to piston accumulator according to the feature design of the preamble of claim 1, as they are, inter alia, provided in connection with hydraulic systems to take certain volumes of pressurized fluid (for example, hydraulic medium) and return them to the system as needed. Hydropneumatic (gas-loaded) accumulators are nowadays used in most hydrosystems, wherein the movable separating element within the accumulator housing separates a fluid space as the one working space from a gas reservoir as the further working space. Nitrogen gas is used regularly as the working gas, and the piston forming the gas-tight separating element allows a decoupling of the gas reservoir space from the liquid space.

Der Flüssigkeitsteil steht mit dem Hydrokreislauf der Anlage in Verbindung, so dass der Speicher beim Anstieg des Druckes Flüssigkeit aufnimmt und das Gas dabei komprimiert wird. Bei sinkendem Druck dehnt sich das verdichtete Gas aus und verdrängt dabei die gespeicherte Druckflüssigkeit zurück in den Hydrokreislauf. Durch die sich im Betrieb ergebenden Veränderungen der Volumina von Gasvorratsraum und Flüssigkeitsraum ergibt sich jeweils eine entsprechende Axialbewegung des Kolbens innerhalb des Speichergehäuses.The liquid part communicates with the hydraulic circuit of the system, so that the accumulator absorbs liquid as the pressure increases, thereby compressing the gas. With decreasing pressure, the compressed gas expands, displacing the stored pressure fluid back into the hydraulic circuit. Due to the resulting in operation changes in the volumes of gas storage space and liquid space results in each case a corresponding axial movement of the piston within the storage enclosure.

Für das gewünschte, einwandfreie Betriebsverhalten von Kolbenspeichern ist Voraussetzung, dass der im Gasvorratsraum herrschende Gas-Vorfülldruck einen an das Druckniveau des Flüssigkeitsteiles angepaßten Druckwert besitzt, so dass sich der Kolben an einer geeigneten Stelle innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses befindet, so dass der Kolben die erforderlichen Arbeitsbewegungen in Axialrichtung zwischen den Endpositionen im Speichergehäuse ausführen kann.For the desired, flawless performance of piston accumulators is a prerequisite that prevails in the gas reservoir gas pre-filling pressure has a pressure value adapted to the pressure level of the fluid portion so that the piston is located at a suitable location within the cylinder housing so that the piston can perform the required working movements in the axial direction between the end positions in the storage housing.

Durch die DE 195 39 551 A sowie die US 4 608 870 A sind gattungsgemäße Kolbenspeicher bekannt, der aufweist:

  • ein Speichergehäuse in Form eines Zylinderrohres aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff, das eine Axialrichtung des Gehäuses definiert,
  • einen Kolben, der im Zylinderrohr über einen Hubweg axial bewegbar ist und ein bewegliches Trennelement bildet, das im Speichergehäuse zwei Arbeitsräume voneinander trennt,
  • eine am Kolben angeordnete, ein Feld an der Wand des Zylinderrohres erzeugende Magnetanordnung und
  • eine an der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres befindliche Magnetfeldsensoreinrichtung, die mindestens einen Hall-Sensor aufweist, der an der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres angeordnet ist und der auf das von der Magnetanordnung mit Magnetkörpern am Kolben erzeugte Feld anspricht, um die Position des Kolbens entlang des Hubweges zu ermitteln.
DE 195 39 551 A and US Pat. No. 4,608,870 A disclose a piston accumulator of the generic type which has:
  • a storage housing in the form of a cylinder tube made of magnetizable material, which defines an axial direction of the housing,
  • a piston which is axially movable in the cylinder tube over a stroke and forms a movable separating element which separates two working spaces in the storage housing,
  • a arranged on the piston, a field on the wall of the cylinder tube generating magnet assembly and
  • a magnetic field sensor device located on the outside of the cylinder tube, which has at least one Hall sensor, which is arranged on the outside of the cylinder tube and which responds to the field generated by the magnet assembly with magnetic bodies on the piston to determine the position of the piston along the stroke ,

Des weiteren ist es durch die US 4 608 870 A bekannt, zwei Hall-Sensoren an der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres in einem axialen Abstand voneinander anzuordnen. Bei den dahingehend bekannten gattungsgemäßen Lösungen kann es für die Magnet- und Polschuhanordnung zu Problemen kommen, sofern der Kolben auf einem Kolben-Gehäuseboden aufsetzt.Furthermore, it is known from US 4 608 870 A to arrange two Hall sensors on the outside of the cylinder tube at an axial distance from each other. In the generic solutions known to that effect, problems may arise for the magnetic and pole piece arrangement, provided that the piston rests on a piston housing bottom.

Durch Patent Abstracts of Japan Bd. 1999, Nr. 10, 31. August 1999 (1999-08-31) & JP 11 132204 A (Taiyo Ltd), 18. Mai 1999 (1999-05-18) ist es bei einer hydraulischen Zylinderanordnung mit Kolben, der aus dem Speichergehäuse herausgeführt ist bekannt, im Sinne der Merkmalsausgestaltung des Unteranspruches 3, den Kolben aus nicht-magnetisierbarem Werkstoff zu bilden, wobei die Magnetanordnung eine Mehrzahl von Dauermagneten aufweist, die in einem radialen Abstand vom Umfang des Kolbens in einer zur Längsachse des Kolbens konzentrischen Reihe mit zueinander gleicher Polarität so angeordnet sind, dass sich ihre Polachsen parallel zur Längsachse erstrecken.By Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 1999, No. 10, August 31, 1999 (1999-08-31) & JP 11 132204 A (Taiyo Ltd), May 18, 1999 (1999-05-18), it is hydraulic Cylinder assembly with piston, which is led out of the storage housing is known, in the sense of feature feature of the dependent claim 3, to form the piston of non-magnetizable material, wherein the magnet assembly comprises a plurality of permanent magnets, which at a radial distance from the circumference of the piston in a are arranged to the longitudinal axis of the piston concentric series with mutually equal polarity, that extend their pole axes parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Durch Patent Abstracts of Japan Bd. 2000, Nr. 20, 10. Juli 2001 (2001-7-10) & JP 2001 082416 A (Taiyo Ltd.), 27. März 2001 (2001-03-27) ist es bekannt, eine Reihe an Dauermagneten aus kreiszylindrischen Magnetkörpern mit entlang ihrer Zylinderachse verlaufender Polachse auszubilden, die in gleichen Winkelabständen voneinander um den Umfang des Kolbens verteilt angeordnet sind. Bei solcher Lage der Polachsen führt die Einleitung des magnetischen Flusses in die Wand des aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff bestehenden Zylinderrohres zu einem Feldlinienverlauf, bei dem sich ein hoher Anteil der Feldlinien in Längsrichtung erstreckt. Kolbenbewegungen in der ein oder anderen Axialrichtung ergeben daher aufgrund der Annäherung an den einen oder anderen Hall-Sensor signifikante, durch den Hall-Effekt bewirkte Signaländerungen.By Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 2000, No. 20, July 10, 2001 (2001-7-10) & JP 2001 082416 A (Taiyo Ltd.), March 27, 2001 (2001-03-27) it is known to form a series of permanent magnets of circular cylindrical magnetic bodies with Polachse along their cylinder axis extending, which are arranged distributed at equal angular intervals from each other around the circumference of the piston. With such a position of the pole axes, the introduction of the magnetic flux into the wall of the magnetizable material cylinder tube leads to a field line, in which a high proportion of the field lines extending in the longitudinal direction. Piston movements in one or the other axial direction therefore result in significant signal changes caused by the Hall effect due to the approach to one or the other Hall sensor.

Im Hinblick hierauf stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, einen Kolbenspeicher zu schaffen, der während des Betriebes zum einen eine Feststellung der Größe der Volumina der Arbeitsräume und damit der Position des Kolbens auf einfache Weise ermöglicht und der darüber hinaus die Magnetanordnung bei Betrieb des Speichers sichert. Eine dahingehende Aufgabe löst ein Kolbenspeicher mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 in seiner Gesamtheit.In view of this, the invention has the object to provide a piston accumulator which allows for a determination of the size of the volumes of the working spaces and thus the position of the piston in a simple manner during operation and which further secures the magnet assembly during operation of the memory , A task solves a piston accumulator with the features of claim 1 in its entirety.

Dadurch, dass gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 die Magnetkörper zwischen an ihren Polendflächen anliegenden Ringkörpern aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff gehalten sind, die den Kolben in einem Umfangsabschnitt umgeben, der einen geringeren Durchmesser besitzt als der an der Innenwand des Zylinderrohres geführte Umfangsabschnitt, und der Kolben am Übergang zwischen dem am Zylinderrohr geführten Umfangsabschnitt und dem im Durchmesser demgegenüber verringerten Umfangsabschnitt eine Radialebene definierende Schulterfläche als Anlagefläche für ein Dämpfungselement bildet, an dessen der Schulterfläche gegenüberliegenden Seite der benachbarte Ringkörper anliegt, steht für die Anzeige der Kolbenposition ein elektrisches Signal zur Verfügung, was vorteilhafte Möglichkeiten der Gestaltung der Positionsanzeige eröffnet, beispielsweise in Form einer signalgesteuerten optischen und/oder akustischen Anzeige, gegebenenfalls auch in Form einer Fernanzeige. Ferner sichert das in der Radialebene der Kolbenanordnung liegende Dämpfungselement die Magnetanordnung bei einem etwaigen Aufstoßen des Kolbens auf dem Kolben-Gehäuseboden des Speichergehäuses, was insoweit einer sicheren Überwachung für den Betriebszustand des Speichers entgegenkommt.Characterized in that according to the characterizing part of claim 1, the magnetic bodies are held between adjacent to their Polendflächen annular bodies of magnetizable material surrounding the piston in a peripheral portion having a smaller diameter than the guided on the inner wall of the cylinder tube peripheral portion, and the piston at the transition between the guided on the cylinder tube peripheral portion and the diameter in contrast reduced circumferential portion defining a radial plane shoulder surface as a contact surface for a damping element, abuts the opposite side of the shoulder surface of the adjacent annular body, is available for the display of the piston position, an electrical signal available advantageous possibilities of designing the position indicator opens, for example in the form of a signal-controlled visual and / or acoustic display, optionally also in the form of a remote display. Furthermore, the damping element lying in the radial plane of the piston assembly secures the magnet arrangement in the event of a possible regurgitation of the piston on the piston housing bottom of the storage housing, which in this respect accommodates reliable monitoring of the operating state of the memory.

Bei einem besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Dauermagnete am Kolben zwischen Ringkörpern aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff gehalten, die an den Polenden der Dauermagente anliegen. Diese Ringkörper aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff können so gestaltet sein, dass sie mit Teilen ihrer Umfangsbereiche an die Innenwand des Zylinderrohres angenähert sind und Polschuhe für das Einleiten magnetischen Flusses in die Wand des Zylinderrohres bilden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the permanent magnets are held on the piston between annular bodies made of magnetizable material, which bear against the pole ends of the permanent agent. These annular bodies of magnetizable material may be designed so that they are approximated with parts of their peripheral regions of the inner wall of the cylinder tube and form pole pieces for introducing magnetic flux into the wall of the cylinder tube.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen schematisch vereinfacht gezeichneten Längsschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispieles des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenspeichers;
    • o Fig. 2 einen gegenüber Fig. 1 in etwas größerem Maßstab gezeichneten Längsschnitt nur des Kolbens des Ausführungsbeispieles von Fig. 1 und
    • o Fig. 3 eine in gleichem Maßstab wie Fig. 2 gezeichnete Draufsicht des einen der beiden auf dem Kolben des Ausführungsbeispieles sitzenden, einen Polschuh der kolbenseitigen Magnetanordnung bildenden Ringkörpers.
The invention with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing is explained in detail. Show it:
  • 1 shows a schematically simplified drawn longitudinal section of an embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention.
    • 2 shows a comparison with FIG. 1 in a somewhat larger scale drawn longitudinal section only of the piston of the embodiment of Fig. 1 and
    • 2 is a plan view drawn on the same scale as FIG. 2 of one of the two sitting on the piston of the embodiment, a pole piece of the piston-side magnet assembly forming annular body.

Das Speichergehäuse des in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenspeichers weist ein kreisrundes Zylinderrohr 1 aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff auf, beispielsweise aus einer Stahllegierung. Im Zylinderrohr 1 ist ein Kolben 3 aus nicht-magnetisierbarem Werkstoff, beispielsweise einem nicht-magnetisierbarem Stahl (Edelstahl) oder einer Aluminiumlegierung oder dergleichen, in Axialrichtung hin und her verfahrbar, die durch eine Längsachse 5 angedeutet ist. Der Kolben 3 dient als bewegliches Trennelement zwischen zwei im Zylinderrohr 1 befindlichen Arbeitsräumen, beim Ausführungsbeispiel einem Gasvorratsraum 7 und einem Fluidraum 9.The storage housing of the embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention shown in the drawing has a circular cylindrical tube 1 made of magnetizable material, for example of a steel alloy. In the cylinder tube 1, a piston 3 made of non-magnetizable material, such as a non-magnetizable steel (stainless steel) or an aluminum alloy or the like, in the axial direction back and forth movable, which is indicated by a longitudinal axis 5. The piston 3 serves as a movable separating element between two working spaces located in the cylinder tube 1, in the exemplary embodiment a gas reservoir 7 and a fluid space 9.

An dem den Gasvorratsraum 7 abschließenden Ende ist das Zylinderrohr 1 durch einen eingeschraubten Zylinderdeckel 11 abgeschlossen. Dieser ist durch einen Gaskanal 13 durchzogen, an dem ein Gasventil oder eine Füllarmatur anschließbar ist (beides nicht dargestellt). In ähnlicher Weise ist das Zylinderrohr 1 an dem dem Fluidraum 9 zugeordneten Ende durch einen eingeschraubten Deckel 15 abgeschlossen, der einen zentralen Fluiddurchlaß 17 aufweist.At the end of the gas storage chamber 7 end, the cylinder tube 1 is closed by a screwed-in cylinder cover 11. This is traversed by a gas channel 13 to which a gas valve or a filling valve can be connected (both not shown). Similarly, the cylinder tube 1 is closed at the end associated with the fluid space 9 by a screwed lid 15 having a central fluid passage 17.

Der Kolben 3 weist eine trogartige innere Mulde 19 auf, die zur Achse 5 konzentrisch und an dem dem Gasvorratsraum 7 zugewandten Kolbenende offen ist, so dass sie das Volumen des Gasvorratsraumes 7 vergrößert. An der das offene Ende der Mulde 19 aufweisenden Kolbenseite weist der Kolben 3 einen Umfangsabschnitt 21 auf, der gegenüber einem anschließenden Umfangsabschnitt 23, der sich bis zu dem dem Fluidraum 9 zugewandten Kolbenende erstreckt, einen verringerten Außendurchmesser besitzt. Der letztgenannte Umfangsabschnitt 23 ist im Außendurchmesser an den Innendurchmesser des Zylinderrohres 1 so angepaßt, dass er an der Innenseite des Zylinderrohres 1 gasdicht geführt ist. Zu diesem Zwecke weist der Umfangsabschnitt 23 umfängliche Ringnuten auf, in denen Kolbendichtungen 25 und eine Kolbenführungsleiste 27 sitzen, die von bei Kolbenspeichern üblicher Bauart sind.The piston 3 has a trough-like inner trough 19, which is concentric with the axis 5 and open at the gas supply chamber 7 facing the piston end, so that it increases the volume of the gas storage space 7. At the piston side having the open end of the trough 19, the piston 3 has a peripheral portion 21, which has a reduced outer diameter compared to a subsequent peripheral portion 23, which extends up to the piston end facing the fluid space 9. The latter circumferential portion 23 is adapted in the outer diameter of the inner diameter of the cylinder tube 1 so that it is guided gas-tight on the inside of the cylinder tube 1. For this purpose, the peripheral portion 23 has circumferential annular grooves in which piston seals 25 and a piston guide rail 27 are seated, which are of conventional type in piston accumulators.

Auf dem den verringerten Außendurchmesser aufweisenden Umfangsabschnitt 21 des Kolben 3 befinden sich Ringkörper 29 und 31, die beide aus magnetisierbarem Werkstoff gefertigt sind. Der in Fig. 1 und 2 untenliegend eingezeichnete Ringkörper 31 ist in Fig. 3 gesondert in Draufsicht dargestellt. Wie aus dieser Fig. zu ersehen ist, weist die Oberseite des Ringkörpers 31 eine sich entlang von dessen Umfang und konzentrisch erstreckende Reihe von Einsenkungen 33 (die in Fig. 3 nicht sämtliche gezeichnet sind) auf, die kreisrunde Vertiefungen geringer Tiefe bilden und in regelmäßigen Winkelabständen längs des gesamten Umfangs angeordnet sind, wobei beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel 22 Einsenkungen 33 vorgesehen sind. Die durch die Einsenkungen 33 gebildeten Vertiefungen dienen als Sitz für je einen kreiszylindrischen Dauermagnetkörper 35, deren Polachsen parallel zur Längsachse 5 verlaufen und die mit ihrer Polendfläche am Boden der Einsenkungen 33 anliegen.On the reduced outer diameter having circumferential portion 21 of the piston 3 are annular body 29 and 31, which are both made of magnetizable material. The underside drawn in Fig. 1 and 2 annular body 31 is shown separately in Fig. 3 in plan view. As can be seen from this figure, the upper side of the annular body 31 has a series of depressions 33 (not all of which are not shown in FIG. 3) extending along its circumference and concentrically, which form circular depressions of shallow depth and at regular intervals Angular distances along the entire circumference are arranged, wherein 22 depressions 33 are provided in the illustrated embodiment. The depressions formed by the depressions 33 serve as a seat for a respective circular cylindrical permanent magnet body 35 whose pole axes parallel to the longitudinal axis 5 and which rest with their Polendfläche at the bottom of the depressions 33.

Der zum Ringkörper 31 spiegelbildlich ausgebildete, in den Fig. obere Ringkörper 29, weist ebenfalls entsprechende Einsenkungen 33 auf, die den Sitz für die in der Fig. oben liegenden Polendflächen der Dauermagnetkörper 35 bilden. Die Reihe der Magnetkörper 35 ist daher zwischen den Ringkörpern 29 und 31 eingespannt. Ein Schraubring 37 der auf ein Außengewinde 39 am benachbarten Kolbenende aufgeschraubt ist, hält die Ringkörper 29 und 31 in Anlage an den Magnetkörpern 35 und in Anlage an einem Dämpfungselement 41, das zwischen unteren Ringkörper 31 und einer Schulterfläche 43 eingefügt ist, die eine in einer Radialebene liegende Planfläche am Übergang zwischen den Umfangsabschnitten 21 und 23 des Kolbens 3 bildet. Das Dämpfungselement 41 sichert die Magnet- und Polschuhanordnung bei einem etwaigen Aufstoßen des Kolbens 3 auf den nicht näher dargestellten Kolben-Gehäuseboden.The mirror body to the ring body 31 formed in the Fig. Upper ring body 29 also has corresponding depressions 33, which are the seat for the top in the Fig. Polendflächen the permanent magnet body 35 form. The series of magnetic bodies 35 is therefore clamped between the annular bodies 29 and 31. A threaded ring 37 which is screwed onto an external thread 39 at the adjacent end of the piston, holds the annular body 29 and 31 in contact with the magnetic bodies 35 and in abutment with a damping element 41 which is inserted between the lower annular body 31 and a shoulder surface 43, one in one Radial plane lying flat surface at the transition between the peripheral portions 21 and 23 of the piston 3 forms. The damping element 41 secures the magnetic and pole shoe arrangement in the event of a possible regurgitation of the piston 3 on the piston housing bottom (not illustrated in more detail).

Wie aus Fig. 1 und 2 zu ersehen ist, weisen die Ringkörper 29 und 31 in ihrem an die Magnetkörper 35 angrenzenden Umfangsbereich 45 einen Außendurchmesser auf, durch den sich ein radialer Abstand zum Zylinderrohr 1 ergibt, so dass ein Freiraum zur Aufnahme nicht-magnetisierbarer Führungs- und Dichtelemente 47 (siehe Fig. 2) gebildet ist. In ihrem von den Magnetkörpern 35 weiter entfernten Umfangsbereich 49 ist der Außendurchmesser der Ringkörper 29 und 31 an den Innendurchmesser des Zylinderrohres 1 angenähert. Bei dieser Konfiguration bilden die Ringkörper 29 und 31 Polschuhe für das Einleiten des magnetischen Flusses in die Wand des Zylinderrohres 1 über die daran angenäherten Umfangsbereiche 49.As can be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, the annular body 29 and 31 in its adjacent to the magnetic body 35 peripheral portion 45 has an outer diameter, through which there is a radial distance from the cylinder tube 1, so that a space for receiving non-magnetizable Guiding and sealing elements 47 (see Fig. 2) is formed. In its peripheral region 49, which is further away from the magnetic bodies 35, the outer diameter of the annular bodies 29 and 31 approximates the inner diameter of the cylinder tube 1. In this configuration, the annular bodies 29 and 31 form pole shoes for introducing the magnetic flux into the wall of the cylinder tube 1 via the peripheral regions 49 approximating thereto.

Wie aus Fig. 1 zu ersehen ist, sind an der Außenseite des Zylinderrohres 1 zwei Hall-Sensoren 51 angebracht, die auf Änderungen des Magnetfeldes ansprechen, wie sie sich ergeben, wenn sich der Kolben 3 mit der an ihm befindlichen Magnetanordnung längs seines Hubweges im Zylinderrohr 1 bewegt. Wie durch die in Fig. 1 mit 53 bezeichneten Anschlußkabel der Hall-Sensoren 51 verdeutlicht, sind diese am Zylinderrohr 1 in zueinander entgegengesetzter Orientierung angebracht, so dass eine Annäherung des Kolbens 3 an seine obere Endlage und an seine untere Endlage, was einer Verstärkung des Magnetfeldes mit jeweils verschiedener Polarität der Feldlinien am betreffenden Hall-Sensor 51 entspricht, jeweils zu einem positiven Signalanstieg der Hall-Spannung führt. Wie aus Fig. 1 ebenfalls zu ersehen ist, sind die Hall-Sensoren 51 in solchem axialen Abstand voneinander angeordnet, dass sich der eine Hall-Sensor 51 in dem Bereich befindet, in dem die Magnetkörper 35 bei der einen Endlage des Kolbens 3 gelegen sind, und der andere Hall-Sensor 51, zum anderen Ende des Zylinderrohres 1 hin versetzt, in einem Bereich angebracht ist, wo sich die Magnetkörper 35 des Kolbens 3 bei dessen anderer Endlage befinden.As can be seen from Fig. 1, two Hall sensors 51 are mounted on the outside of the cylinder tube 1, which respond to changes in the magnetic field, as they arise when the piston 3 with the magnet assembly located on it along its stroke in the Cylinder tube 1 moves. As illustrated by the designated in Fig. 1 with 53 connecting cable of the Hall sensors 51, they are on the cylinder tube 1 in each other attached opposite orientation, so that an approach of the piston 3 to its upper end position and to its lower end position, which corresponds to an amplification of the magnetic field, each having different polarity of the field lines at the respective Hall sensor 51, respectively leading to a positive signal rise of the Hall voltage , As can also be seen from FIG. 1, the Hall sensors 51 are arranged at such axial distance from one another that the one Hall sensor 51 is located in the region in which the magnetic bodies 35 are located at the one end position of the piston 3 , and the other Hall sensor 51, offset towards the other end of the cylinder tube 1, is mounted in an area where the magnetic bodies 35 of the piston 3 are at the other end position.

Es versteht sich, dass die von den Hall-Sensoren 51 erzeugten, die Position des Kolbens 3 kennzeichnenden Hall-Spannungen auf beliebige geeignete Weise zur Gewinnung der Positionsanzeige des Kolbens 3 verarbeitet werden können. Durch die Einleitung des magnetischen Flusses der Magnetkörper 35 in die Wand des Zylinderrohres 1 über die als Polschuhe fungierenden Ringkörper 29 und 31 ergeben sich signifikante Signalwerte aufgrund des Hall-Effektes. Es versteht sich, dass die Einkoppelung des Flusses über die als Polschuh dienenden Ringkörper 29 und 31 lediglich so stark gewählt zu sein braucht, dass ausreichende Signalwerte erreicht werden. Um zu vermeiden, dass sich aufgrund des magnetischen Flusses stärkere, gegebenenfalls störende Magnetkrafteinflüsse zwischen der Magnetanordnung am Kolben 3 und dem Zylinderrohr 1 ergeben könnten, kann eine Entkoppelung auf für die Anzeigezwecke ausreichende Werte vorgesehen sein, indem beispielsweise ein geringer Luftspalt zwischen den Umfangsbereichen 49 und dem Zylinderrohr 1 vorgesehen wird oder zwischen Umfangsbereich 49 und Zylinderrohr 1 ein dünnwandiges Kolbenführungsmittel nicht-magnetisierbaren Werkstoffes eingefügt wird.It is understood that the hall voltages generated by the Hall sensors 51, the position of the piston 3 characterizing Hall voltages can be processed in any suitable manner for obtaining the position indicator of the piston 3. The introduction of the magnetic flux of the magnetic body 35 into the wall of the cylinder tube 1 via the annular bodies 29 and 31 functioning as pole shoes results in significant signal values due to the Hall effect. It goes without saying that the coupling of the flux via the annular bodies 29 and 31 serving as a pole shoe only needs to be so strong that sufficient signal values are achieved. In order to avoid that due to the magnetic flux stronger, possibly disturbing magnetic force influences between the magnet assembly on the piston 3 and the cylinder tube 1 could result, a decoupling can be provided for sufficient values for the display purposes, for example by a small air gap between the peripheral regions 49 and the cylinder tube 1 is provided or between the peripheral portion 49 and cylinder tube 1, a thin-walled piston guide means non-magnetizable material is inserted.

Bei einer geänderten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenspeichers besteht auch die Möglichkeit, die Einsenkungen 33 wegzulassen und die beiden Ringkörper 29 und 31 sind dann an ihren einander zugewandten Seiten plan ausgebildet, wobei die zylindrisch ausgebildeten Magnetkörper 35 sich dann zwischen den beiden Planflächen der Ringkörper 29 und 31 mit radialen Abständen zueinander axial erstrecken. Die dahingehende Anordnung ist dem Grunde nach in Fig.3 in der Draufsicht wiedergegeben, sofern man anstelle der Einsenkungen 33 die Oberseite der zylindrischen Magnetkörper 35 annehmen würde.In a modified embodiment of the piston accumulator according to the invention, it is also possible to omit the depressions 33 and the two annular bodies 29 and 31 are then formed flat on their sides facing each other, wherein the cylindrical magnet body 35 is then between the two planar surfaces of the annular body 29 and 31st extend axially with radial distances. The pertinent arrangement is basically shown in Figure 3 in plan view, if one would assume the top of the cylindrical magnet body 35 instead of the depressions 33.

Anstelle der in der Fig.1 gezeigten beiden Hall-Sensoren 51 kann auch nur ein Hall-Sensor 51 zur Positionsüberwachung oder Bestimmung des Kolbens 3 vorgesehen sein. In Abhängigkeit der Aufgabenstellung können auch mehr als zwei Hall-Sensoren 51 die jeweilige Verfahrposition des Kolbens 3 überwachen und an eine entsprechende Auswerteelektronik weiterleiten. Demgemäß ist mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung auch eine Endlagenüberwachung des Kolbens 3 durch die beiden Hall-Sensoren 51 gemäß der Darstellung nach der Fig.1 möglich.Instead of the two Hall sensors 51 shown in FIG. 1, only one Hall sensor 51 can be provided for position monitoring or determination of the piston 3. Depending on the task, more than two Hall sensors 51 can monitor the respective travel position of the piston 3 and forward it to a corresponding evaluation electronics. Accordingly, with the solution according to the invention also an end position monitoring of the piston 3 by the two Hall sensors 51 as shown in FIG. 1 possible.

Claims (8)

  1. Piston store, comprising:
    a) a storage housing in the form of a cylinder pipe (1) made from a magnetisable material, defining an axial direction of the housing,
    b) a piston (3), axially movable along a stroke path within a cylinder pipe (1) for forming a moveable separating element, which separates two working chambers (7, 9) from each other within the storage housing,
    c) a magnet arrangement (29, 31, 35) located on the piston (3) and generating a field on the wall of the cylinder pipe (1), and
    d) a magnetic field sensor means located on the outside of the cylinder pipe (1), the same comprising at least one Hall sensor (51) located on the outside of the cylinder pipe (1), and reacting to the field created by the magnetic arrangement (29, 31, 35) with the magnetic bodies (35) on the piston (3) for detecting the position of the piston (3) along its stroke path,
    characterised in that
    - the magnetic bodies (35) are held between annular bodies (29, 31) made from a magnetisable material abutting against their pole end surfaces, which surround the piston (3) in a circumference section (21), the same comprising a smaller diameter than the circumference section (23) located on the internal wall of the cylinder pipe (1), and
    - the piston (3) forms a shoulder surface (43) defining a radial plane as an abutment surface for a damping element (41) at the transition point between the circumference section (23) located on the cylinder pipe (1) and the circumference section (21) with the smaller diameter, against the side opposite the shoulder surface (43) of which the annular body (31) abuts.
  2. Piston store according to Claim 1, characterised in that two Hall sensors (51) are located at an axial distance from each other on the outside of the cylinder pipe (1).
  3. Piston store according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the piston (3) is made from a non-magnetisable material, and in that the magnet arrangement comprises a multitude of permanent magnets (35) arranged at a radial distance from the circumference of the piston (3) in a concentric row along the longitudinal axis (5) of the piston (3) with equal polarity to each other, so that their pole axis extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (5).
  4. Piston store according to Claim 3, characterised in that the row of permanent magnets is formed from circular cylindrical magnetic bodies (35) with a pole axis extending along their cylinder axis, the same being located at equal angle distances from each other around the circumference of the piston (3).
  5. Piston store according to one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the annular bodies (29, 31) comprise an external diameter forming a radial distance to the cylinder pipe (1) in their circumference section (45) adjacent to the magnetic bodies (35), and an external diameter similar to that of the cylinder pipe (1) in the circumference section (49) further removed from the magnetic bodies (35), with which the annular bodies (29, 31) form pole shoes for inducing a magnetic flow into the wall of the cylinder pipe (1).
  6. Piston store according to Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the annular bodies (29, 31) are held together and in abutment against the damping element (41) by means of a screw ring (37) which is screwed onto an external thread (39) at the end of the circumference section (21) of the piston (3) with the reduced diameter.
  7. Piston store according to one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the Hall sensors (51) are located in axial positions on the cylinder pipe (1), the same equalling a pre-determinable position of the piston (3), e.g. the other pre-determinable position of the piston (3) during its movement along the entire stroke path of the same.
  8. Piston store according to Claim 7, characterised in that the relevant pre-determinable position equals the possible end position of the piston (3)
EP04703100A 2003-03-11 2004-01-17 Piston-type accumulator Expired - Lifetime EP1601878B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10310428A DE10310428A1 (en) 2003-03-11 2003-03-11 piston accumulators
DE10310428 2003-03-11
PCT/EP2004/000335 WO2004081388A1 (en) 2003-03-11 2004-01-17 Piston-type accumulator

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EP1601878A1 EP1601878A1 (en) 2005-12-07
EP1601878B1 true EP1601878B1 (en) 2007-05-30

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EP04703100A Expired - Lifetime EP1601878B1 (en) 2003-03-11 2004-01-17 Piston-type accumulator

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US (1) US8365651B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1601878B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE363601T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10310428A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004081388A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
US20060075892A1 (en) 2006-04-13
WO2004081388A1 (en) 2004-09-23
DE502004003962D1 (en) 2007-07-12
US8365651B2 (en) 2013-02-05
DE10310428A1 (en) 2004-09-30
ATE363601T1 (en) 2007-06-15
EP1601878A1 (en) 2005-12-07

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