EP1599739A1 - Magnetflusssensor mit magnetfeldleiter und lochblende - Google Patents
Magnetflusssensor mit magnetfeldleiter und lochblendeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1599739A1 EP1599739A1 EP04708709A EP04708709A EP1599739A1 EP 1599739 A1 EP1599739 A1 EP 1599739A1 EP 04708709 A EP04708709 A EP 04708709A EP 04708709 A EP04708709 A EP 04708709A EP 1599739 A1 EP1599739 A1 EP 1599739A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic field
- magnetic flux
- flux sensor
- magnetic
- squid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/035—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using superconductive devices
- G01R33/0354—SQUIDS
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
- Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
- Y10S505/842—Measuring and testing
- Y10S505/843—Electrical
- Y10S505/845—Magnetometer
- Y10S505/846—Magnetometer using superconductive quantum interference device, i.e. squid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a magnetic flux sensor for determining a local magnetic flux distribution, which has a magnetic field conductor and a pinhole.
- SQUID Superconducting Quantum Interference Device
- a magnetic sample is moved under the SQUID so that the local variation of the magnetic flux (magnetic field map of the sample) is determined.
- Microscopes with high-temperature superconductor (HTS) SQUIDs which operate at 77 K, are better suited for measuring magnetic fields of samples at room temperature than low-temperature superconductor SQUIDs, because for a good field and location resolution, a small distance between the sample and SQUID sensor is particularly important. This distance limits the spatial resolution of SQUID microscopes to approximately 50 ⁇ m.
- the SQUIDs were combined with ferromagnetic magnetic field conductors in SQUID microscopes. These magnetic field conductors usually consist of several millimeter long, soft magnetic rods with a fine tip at the sample location.
- a magnetic field sensor is known from DE 195 19 480 AI. This consists of a rod made of soft magnetic, ferromagnetic material with a tip as a magnetic field conductor and a DC-SQUID as a detector.
- the magnetic field sensor reacts disadvantageously compared to interference fields, since the entire rod acts as an antenna, especially in the case of magnetic field distributions generated by current-carrying conductor tracks. The length of the rod severely limits the spatial resolution of the sensor.
- a magnetic flux sensor with a loop-shaped magnetic field conductor and a detector designed as DC-SQUID which is able to register a magnetic flux occurring in the magnetic field conductor.
- the magnetic field conductor comprises a highly permeable film or a thin film.
- a disadvantage of this magnetic flux sensor is also not high spatial resolution.
- the object of the invention is to provide a high-resolution magnetic flux sensor.
- the magnetic flux sensor comprises a magnetic field conductor.
- the magnetic field conductor has a tip for detecting the magnetic field lines of a sample P. The tip widens to a stick or a foil.
- the magnetic field conductor leads the magnetic flux from the sample location to the SQUID, where it is measured.
- the magnetic flux sensor further comprises an aperture with a hole. The pinhole determines the resolution of the magnetic flux sensor.
- the tip of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor is advantageously arranged in the center, in the so-called spatial area of the pinhole.
- the spatial area is defined as an approximately spherically extended space with a diameter that corresponds to that of the hole in the pinhole.
- the center of the ball coincides with the center of the hole in the pinhole. This advantageously brings about an excellent spatial resolution of the magnetic flux sensor.
- Such a magnetic flux sensor is particularly suitable for measuring the z component of current-carrying wires, conductor tracks and components, as well as magnetic components and storage media.
- the magnetic field conductor and / or the pinhole is advantageously made of highly permeable material, for. B. with a permeability> 1000. This results in a low magnetic resistance of the magnetic field conductor of the pinhole and thus a largely low-loss guidance of the magnetic flux to the SQUID or to the sample.
- the magnetic field conductor can furthermore have a loop-shaped part and at least one part returning the magnetic field lines of the sample from the SQUID to the pinhole.
- the part of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor returning the magnetic field lines of the sample is then connected to the pinhole of the magnetic flux sensor.
- the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor can have an interruption at the SQUID, e.g. B. in the form of a gap.
- the magnetic field lines of the sample to the SQUID and / or the part of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor returning the magnetic field lines to the sample can have further gaps. This advantageously has the effect that part of such a loop-shaped magnetic field conductor can be cooled and the part on the sample can be kept at room temperature.
- another embodiment of the invention leads to a rod or a form.
- the base plate represents the loop-shaped part of the magnetic field conductor. From the base plate, the magnetic flux is returned symmetrically to the pinhole.
- the magnetic flux sensor according to the invention has a spatial resolution of less than 20 micrometers.
- a SQUID microscope comprises a magnetic flux sensor according to the invention.
- the SQUID can be a DC-SQUID magnetometer or a DC-SQUID gradiometer.
- the SQUID measures the size of the magnetic flux.
- the magnetic flux is coupled into a so-called SQUID flux antenna.
- a preferred embodiment of the magnetic flux sensor 1 is shown in perspective in FIG. 1. It has a magnetic field conductor with a tip 2a at the end of a highly permeable rod 2b.
- the rod 2b widens starting from the tip 2a and opens into a loop-shaped part 3a of the magnetic field conductor.
- the magnetic field conductor has a part 4 returning the magnetic field lines of the sample.
- the magnetic flux sensor 1 further comprises a pinhole 5 with a hole 6 and a SQUID 7 with a hole 7a.
- the magnetic field conductor carries the magnetic flux from one Sample (not shown) below the pinhole to a SQUID 7 and from there loop back over the pinhole 5 to the sample.
- the pinhole 5 increases the spatial resolution of the magnetic flux sensor 1 and also causes the shielding of interference signals.
- the feedback increases the sensitivity of the magnetic flux sensor.
- Such a magnetic flux sensor advantageously measures the z component of a magnetic field generated by a sample.
- the magnetic flux sensor according to the invention is particularly suitable for measuring conductive traces through which current flows.
- the sample can e.g. This can be, for example, a current-carrying wire or a conductor track whose magnetic field is measured at room temperature.
- the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor enables the measurement of samples at room temperature with high spatial resolution and sensitivity.
- the magnetic flux is very effectively conducted to a cooled SQUID 7 via the magnetic field conductor and therefore allows a sample to be measured at room temperature with a cooled SQUID 7 without the sample also having to be cooled.
- the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor and the perforated diaphragm 5 are advantageously made of highly permeable film or thin film or wire made of z.
- Fig. 2 also shows a perspective view of an advantageous embodiment of the invention.
- the SQUID 27 of the magnetic flux sensor 21 has no bore for the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor. Instead, the part 22b of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor at SQUID 27 that widens to form a rod or a film is interrupted by a gap.
- the advantage of this is that the SQUID 27 does not have to have a hole, since holes are comparatively difficult to implement.
- a good magnetic coupling between the gap ends I and J can advantageously be achieved by overlapping foils.
- FIG 3 shows the measuring principle of the magnetic flux sensor according to the invention.
- the tip 32a is arranged in the middle and at the height of the hole 36 of the aperture plate 35.
- the tip 32a is arranged in the spatial area 38 of the pinhole 35.
- the spatial area 38 is defined as a spherically expanded space with a diameter that corresponds to that of the hole 36 and is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 3a.
- the center of the spatial area 38 coincides with the center of the hole 36.
- the tip 32a should not be positioned too far in the direction of the SQUID located above the tip, since then only a fraction of the magnetic flux of a sample located below the tip 32a would be detected by the tip 32a and this would lead to a lower sensitivity of the magnetic flux sensor.
- a protruding tip 32a positioned too far in the direction of the sample P would lead to a poorer spatial resolution of the magnetic flux sensor.
- the tip 32a would not only measure the local magnetic field of the sample P immediately below the tip, but also neighboring magnetic fluxes from more distant sample parts.
- a position of the tip 32a in the spatial area 38 with a particularly high spatial resolution of the magnetic flux sensor and in particular in the center of hole 36 is therefore desirable.
- 3b shows the process of detecting the magnetic field lines of a sample P indicated by arrows
- tip 32a (e.g. current-carrying wire) and its derivation in the direction of a SQUID (not shown) is schematically indicated by tip 32a.
- 3c shows the shielding of the magnetic field lines of a sample P, represented in a circle by arrows, outside the spatial area 38 via the aperture 35. These magnetic field lines are no longer from the Tip 32a detected and thus not evaluated by a SQUID.
- FIG. 4a and 4b schematically show the z components of the magnetic field of a sample as a function of the x position of the sample (current in the y direction) without an aperture (FIG. 4a) and with an aperture (FIG. 4b).
- the zero point of the x position is below a peak.
- Figures 4 a and b illustrate that the spatial resolution of the magnetic flux sensor with pinhole is significantly improved. This is caused by the shielding of the magnetic field conductor lying in the SQUID direction (FIG. 1, part 3) by means of the pinhole (see, for example, FIG. 1, reference number 5). It is only the part of the tip (see, for example, FIG. 1 reference number 2) in the spatial area at the aperture hole
- FIG. 5 shows a further preferred embodiment of a magnetic flux sensor 51.
- the part 52b of the magnetic field conductor which widens into a rod or a film opens into a base plate 53a above the SQUID 57.
- the bottom plate 53a represents the loop-shaped part of the magnetic field conductor.
- the tip 52a is arranged in the center of hole 56 of the aperture plate 55 and thus in its spatial area.
- the tip 52a guides the magnetic field lines (not shown) to the SQUID 57, which here has a bore 57a.
- the magnetic field lines are across the bottom plate 53a and two parts 5 x and 54 ' % of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor returning the magnetic field lines are returned to the sample P via the pinhole 55.
- the parts 54 and 54 ⁇ of the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor returning the magnetic field lines of the sample are to be understood as two parts of a wall which connect the base plate 53a to the pinhole 55.
- FIG. 6a shows the magnetic field distribution B z (x, y) at a constant distance above a current-carrying meandering conductor track.
- the fields of the individual tracks can be resolved separately.
- 6b shows the measured magnetic field distribution B z (x, y) at a constant distance over three tracks of the floppy disk. The magnetic field characteristics of individual bit patterns are resolved.
- the x, y scan area shown in FIG. 6b is approximately 0.8 x 1.2 mm. Both objects were outside of a SQUID cool lumbar cryostat. The sample to tip distance was approx. 5 ⁇ m.
- the amorphous soft magnetic materials to be used advantageously for the loop-shaped magnetic field conductor allow simple shaping without loss of permeability.
- the materials can be created and structured down to the ⁇ m range using etching technology, photolithography, laser cutting and vapor deposition technology.
- Amorphous materials continue to show less noise and, in the case of high-frequency magnetic fields, low eddy currents, thus enabling a higher frequency bandwidth for the measurement signal.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10309810A DE10309810A1 (de) | 2003-03-05 | 2003-03-05 | Magnetflußsensor mit Magnetfeldleiter und Lochblende |
| DE10309810 | 2003-03-05 | ||
| PCT/DE2004/000199 WO2004079384A1 (de) | 2003-03-05 | 2004-02-06 | Magnetflusssensor mit magnetfeldleiter und lochblende |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1599739A1 true EP1599739A1 (de) | 2005-11-30 |
Family
ID=32864205
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04708709A Withdrawn EP1599739A1 (de) | 2003-03-05 | 2004-02-06 | Magnetflusssensor mit magnetfeldleiter und lochblende |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7221156B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1599739A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10309810A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004079384A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7262597B2 (en) * | 2003-09-15 | 2007-08-28 | Neocera, Llc | Hybrid squid microscope with magnetic flux-guide for high resolution magnetic and current imaging by direct magnetic field sensing |
| GB2427475B (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-07-09 | Radiodetection Ltd | A detector for detecting a buried current carrying conductor |
| GB2427473B (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2008-07-23 | Radiodetection Ltd | A method of and apparatus for detecting a current carrying conductor |
| US10613163B1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2020-04-07 | Triad National Security, Llc | Micro-imaging with an atomic magnetometer and flux guide |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19519480C2 (de) * | 1995-05-27 | 2000-02-03 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Magnetflußsensor mit hoher Ortsauflösung |
| US6211673B1 (en) * | 1997-06-03 | 2001-04-03 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus for use in magnetic-field detection and generation devices |
| EP0916961B1 (de) * | 1997-11-07 | 2007-01-17 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Limited | Magnetfeldsensor |
| DE19915226C2 (de) * | 1999-04-03 | 2003-06-12 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Magnetflußsensor mit schleifenförmigen Magnetfeldleiter sowie dessen Herstellung und Verwendung |
-
2003
- 2003-03-05 DE DE10309810A patent/DE10309810A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-06 WO PCT/DE2004/000199 patent/WO2004079384A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-06 EP EP04708709A patent/EP1599739A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-06 US US10/547,943 patent/US7221156B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004079384A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7221156B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
| US20060244444A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
| WO2004079384A1 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
| DE10309810A1 (de) | 2004-09-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20050806 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
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| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GLAAS, WALTER Inventor name: SPEEN, ROLF Inventor name: JUNGBLUTH, BERND Inventor name: SOLTNER, HELMUT Inventor name: HALLING, HORST Inventor name: URBAN, KNUT Inventor name: POPPE, ULRICH Inventor name: ZIMMERMANN, EGON Inventor name: FALEY, MIKHAIL |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20080910 |