EP1598632A1 - Ein Zielsystem - Google Patents

Ein Zielsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1598632A1
EP1598632A1 EP04011850A EP04011850A EP1598632A1 EP 1598632 A1 EP1598632 A1 EP 1598632A1 EP 04011850 A EP04011850 A EP 04011850A EP 04011850 A EP04011850 A EP 04011850A EP 1598632 A1 EP1598632 A1 EP 1598632A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
target system
retro
index
refraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04011850A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Anna-Karin Holmer
Arnold Fredriksson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saab AB
Original Assignee
Saab AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saab AB filed Critical Saab AB
Priority to EP04011850A priority Critical patent/EP1598632A1/de
Priority to US11/596,928 priority patent/US20080026346A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2005/052289 priority patent/WO2005111528A1/en
Publication of EP1598632A1 publication Critical patent/EP1598632A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/26—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying
    • F41G3/2616—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device
    • F41G3/2622—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile
    • F41G3/2683—Teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using a light emitting device for simulating the firing of a gun or the trajectory of a projectile with reflection of the beam on the target back to the weapon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a target system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the weapons in one such weapon simulation system are provided with a simulation unit comprising a laser, a receiver for laser radiation and a hit evaluation unit, and the targets are provided with retro-reflecting prisms.
  • the laser is arranged to emit a simulation beam simulating firing of the weapon.
  • the retro-reflecting prism(s) of the targets is arranged to retro-reflect the simulation beam.
  • the receiver of the simulation unit is arranged to receive the retro-reflected simulation beam and the hit evaluation unit is arranged to perform hit evaluation based on the received simulation beam.
  • the retro-reflecting prisms tend to give rise to exposing reflections of incident ambient light and laser radiation of wavelengths other than the simulation wavelength. This is especially not desired in combat training, as the training is intended to be as realistic as possible. Further, if a laser range measurement unit is used by any real or simulated weapon system, there is a risk that the laser range measurement unit might be damaged if the emitted laser range finder beam intercepts a target retro-reflector unit, since the laser beam of the range finder is reflected with very little damping.
  • US 6 139 323 relates to an optical weapon effect simulation method for training of soldiers at least at two weapons, wherein each weapon is equipped as an attacking system as well as a target system.
  • the attacking system includes a laser pulse transmitter arranged to transmit laser signals of at least two different wavelengths and a measurement unit arranged to detect signal reflections.
  • the target system is provided with at least one retro-reflector with an integrated selective filter, an optical receiver with a selective filter and evaluation electronics.
  • the selective filter is intended to ensure that only laser pulses of a defined wavelength are reflected/accepted by the target system.
  • the attacking system then can identify target type based upon the wavelength of the laser signal received from the target system.
  • the retro-reflectors as described in US 6 139 323 have the drawback of unwanted specular reflections for wavelengths other than the used simulation wavelength. Thus, the above described problems with exposing and damaging reflections is not solved.
  • One object of the present invention is to avoid total internal reflection for a useful range of incidence angles and inhibit unwanted for wavelengths other than the simulation wavelength, thus solving the problems described above.
  • a target system in accordance with claim 1 comprising a retro-reflecting prism having at least three back surfaces arranged to an incident simulation beam and wherein at least one of the back surfaces comprises a first, selectively reflecting layer arranged to reflect a simulation beam of a predetermined optical wavelength range and being substantially transparent to optical wavelengths outside said range, wherein a second layer is mounted on the first layer, said second layer being arranged to receive beams transmitted through said first layer and said second layer being of a material having an index of refraction sufficiently high to avoid total internal reflection between said first and second layer within a predetermined range of incident angles.
  • retro-reflecting prism arrangement does no give rise to internal reflections within the predetermined range of incidence angles and thus allow for specular reflections only for the simulation wavelength.
  • a retro-reflecting prism has three reflecting back surfaces, meeting at right angles to each other, thus making up a right angle corner. Parallel incident light entering the prism will be reflected three times against these surfaces (once at each surface) and return in the opposite direction and parallel to the incidence angle, for a useful range of incidence angles.
  • the first layer is preferably coated on the back surface(s).
  • the first layer ensures that back surface(s) reflects only light beams having a predetermined wavelength or a wavelength lying within a predetermined wavelength range.
  • the first layer is therefore arranged to reflect beams having said predetermined wavelength or lying within said wavelength range. Other wavelengths are transmitted through the first layer.
  • the second layer is tightly mounted to the first layer so that no air gap is present between the layers. Thereby it is secured that the light beams exiting the first layer enters the second layer and thus are prevented from being reflected by the air back into the first layer. If the index of refraction of the second layer is sufficiently close to the index of refraction of the first layer, preferably substantially the same as the index of refraction of the first layer, a retro-reflecting prism arrangement is provided which reflects almost no light beams outside said predetermined wavelength/wavelength range.
  • an intermediate layer is interposed between the first layer and the second layer.
  • the intermediate layer is for example an adhesive layer.
  • the three layers are, as described above, tightly mounted to each other so that no air gap is present between the layers.
  • the index of refraction of the intermediate layer is preferably substantially equal to the index of refraction of the first layer.
  • the prism arrangement will not reflect beams other than those of the predetermined wavelength or wavelength range even when the light beams are incident from angles outside the predetermined range of incidence angles and only hit one or some of the back surfaces and thus are not properly retro-reflected. Therefore, the retro-reflecting prism arrangement causes almost no reflections from ambient light.
  • the second layer is arranged to absorb the transmitted wavelengths.
  • the second layer is diffuse reflecting and therefore has a diffuse reflecting back surface.
  • the diffuse reflecting back surface is that it absorbs little heat, whereby the temperature gradient of the back surface mirror is small, which results in preserved high accuracy of the retro-reflecting prism.
  • a solid retro-reflecting prism 1 is viewed from the front, and consisting of a corner cube. It has a front surface 9 and three back surfaces 2 and makes up a solid volume. As shown in figure 2, a beam 3 incident on the retro-reflecting prism will be specularly reflected in each of the three back surfaces 2 so that the beam is retro-reflected back 4 from the prism. The direction of the retro-reflected beam 4 is shown schematically in figure 3.
  • the back surfaces 2 of the prism there need not be any coating on the back surfaces 2 of the prism since the refraction index difference between the material of the prism and air is sufficient enough to give total internal reflection for a useful range of incidence angles.
  • the back surfaces could be metal coated to obtain a wavelength dependent reflection in which case the not reflected part of the beam would be absorbed in the metal layer.
  • all practical metal layers usable at the simulation wavelength which is typically about 900 nm, will give a rather high reflectance also within the visible spectrum, thus giving rise to unwanted reflections from ambient light.
  • One suggestion could be to apply a wavelength selective reflecting coating, for example a multi-layer dielectric coating, on at least one and preferably on all three of the back surfaces 2 of the prism 1.
  • Figure 4 shows a first embodiment of this invention, where the back surfaces of the retro-reflecting prism are coated with a wavelength selective reflecting coating 6 and a material 7 of sufficiently high refractive index is glued to the back surfaces on top of the coating.
  • a material 7 of sufficiently high refractive index is glued to the back surfaces on top of the coating.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the function of this embodiment, where a part of the incident light within a selected wavelength range is retro-reflected 4 and the other part, outside the selected wavelenght range, is diffusely reflected 8.
  • Said diffusely reflecting material could for example be an opal glass or plastic, or a glass or plastic plate having its back surface frosted (either by etching or grounding or some other process), the material having an appropriate index of refraction according to this invention.
  • the retro-reflecting prism would look matt white.
  • the glued on material is made to diffusely reflect the light transmitted into said material, as is described in relation to fig 5.
  • a wavelength selective reflecting layer is put on top of the diffusing material. This could for example be some kind of paint.
  • the retro-reflecting prism would look matt and have the same colour as the reflecting layer. This embodiment could be used to camouflage the retro-reflecting prism.
EP04011850A 2004-05-19 2004-05-19 Ein Zielsystem Withdrawn EP1598632A1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04011850A EP1598632A1 (de) 2004-05-19 2004-05-19 Ein Zielsystem
US11/596,928 US20080026346A1 (en) 2004-05-19 2005-05-18 Target System
PCT/EP2005/052289 WO2005111528A1 (en) 2004-05-19 2005-05-18 A target system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04011850A EP1598632A1 (de) 2004-05-19 2004-05-19 Ein Zielsystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1598632A1 true EP1598632A1 (de) 2005-11-23

Family

ID=34925055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04011850A Withdrawn EP1598632A1 (de) 2004-05-19 2004-05-19 Ein Zielsystem

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20080026346A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1598632A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005111528A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012002856A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Saab Ab Wireless target system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8403672B2 (en) 2009-10-21 2013-03-26 Tim Odorisio Training target for an electronically controlled weapon
US10691024B2 (en) 2018-01-26 2020-06-23 Kla-Tencor Corporation High-power short-pass total internal reflection filter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3832791A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-09-03 Saab Scania Ab Gunnery training scoring system with laser pulses
DE2746800B1 (de) * 1977-10-18 1979-01-25 Precitronic Anordnung zum Lichtempfang und zur Lichtreflexion,insbesondere fuer Schusssimulationszwecke
US6139323A (en) 1997-07-10 2000-10-31 C.O.E.L. Entwicklungsgesellschaft Mbh Weapon effect simulation method and appliance to perform this method
EP1464990A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-06 RUAG Electronics Modulierbarer Reflektor

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5422756A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Backlighting system using a retroreflecting polarizer
US5819164A (en) * 1996-01-29 1998-10-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Modulated retroreflection system for secure communication and identification

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3832791A (en) * 1971-12-31 1974-09-03 Saab Scania Ab Gunnery training scoring system with laser pulses
DE2746800B1 (de) * 1977-10-18 1979-01-25 Precitronic Anordnung zum Lichtempfang und zur Lichtreflexion,insbesondere fuer Schusssimulationszwecke
US6139323A (en) 1997-07-10 2000-10-31 C.O.E.L. Entwicklungsgesellschaft Mbh Weapon effect simulation method and appliance to perform this method
EP1464990A1 (de) * 2003-03-31 2004-10-06 RUAG Electronics Modulierbarer Reflektor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012002856A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Saab Ab Wireless target system
US8888490B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2014-11-18 Saab Ab Wireless target system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005111528A1 (en) 2005-11-24
US20080026346A1 (en) 2008-01-31

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