EP1597469B1 - Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1597469B1
EP1597469B1 EP04712567A EP04712567A EP1597469B1 EP 1597469 B1 EP1597469 B1 EP 1597469B1 EP 04712567 A EP04712567 A EP 04712567A EP 04712567 A EP04712567 A EP 04712567A EP 1597469 B1 EP1597469 B1 EP 1597469B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating
state
controller
operating state
internal combustion
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EP04712567A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1597469A1 (en
Inventor
Karin KIEHNLE
Martin Lunt
Christian Tischer
Andreas Traub
Volker Stuerzl
Dieter Buchholz
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/263—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the program execution being modifiable by physical parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1411—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a finite or infinite state machine, automaton or state graph for controlling or modelling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spreader for operating an internal combustion engine of a certain type according to a state machine.
  • the invention further relates to a computer program and a state machine.
  • State machines are basically known in the art and especially in software development. Generally speaking, they depict various states of a system.
  • the individual states of the system are represented by variables and their associated values, which can be queried by software modules, eg DE19709318 .
  • software modules eg DE19709318
  • FIG. 4 shown in principle known; in this case the state machines give various possible operating states, in FIG. 4 represented by thick dots, for operating the internal combustion engine of the specific type and allowed transitions between these operating states.
  • the operating states in the state machines can be divided into several Layers (1 ... n, n + 1, ... N) be grouped.
  • the layers are hierarchically structured in such a way that at least one layer n has at least one further layer n + 1 downstream, which comprises at least one sub-operating state for an operating state associated with the layer n.
  • the layer n and all her in the hierarchical structure of the state machine upstream layers each represent operating states that the internal combustion engine of the specific type with Internal combustion engines of a different type in common and that the further layer and all downstream in the hierarchical structure of the state machine layers each represent operating conditions that are specific to the internal combustion engine of the specific type.
  • Internal combustion engines of different types are in particular diesel engines or gasoline engines.
  • the state machine for the internal combustion engine has four layers.
  • the first layer represents an operating state "motor control”.
  • the operating states “start”, “normal operation” and “overrun” are defined in the second layer as sub-operating states for the operating state "motor control”.
  • the third layer defines sub-states for the operating states of layer 3. It includes the states “standby”, “ready”, “start-up phase”, “idle”, “accelerate”, “phasing out” and “ending”.
  • the fourth layer includes the states “preheat” or “not preheat” as sub-states to the operating state "ready” in the third layer. What is important in this embodiment is that the first to third layers represent operating states that are unspecific for the particular type of internal combustion engine and operating states that are specific to the particular type of internal combustion engine are defined in the fourth layer.
  • control device wherein the state machine is designed so that a transition between individual operating conditions represented by it is possible only under certain conditions are the subject of the dependent claims. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control unit is designed such that the state machine not only maps operating states of the internal combustion engine but also various operating states of a control device of the internal combustion engine.
  • the object of the invention is further by a computer program for the control unit of the internal combustion engine and by the zantandsufornaten.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic structure of a state machine 12 for driving an internal combustion engine of a certain type.
  • FIG. 3 shows such an internal combustion engine of a specific type 20, which is controlled via a control unit 10 in accordance with the state machine 12 stored therein.
  • a controlled by the controller 10 starter 15 is used to start the internal combustion engine 20th
  • different operating states of the internal combustion engine are summarized, which specify the higher-level operating state “motor control”; These are the operating states “Standby” 2-7 (optional), “Start” 2-8, “Normal operation” 2-9 and “Caster” 2-10.
  • the first to third layers n 1 - 3, insofar as they relate to the internal combustion engine and not the control unit, represent only operating conditions which the internal combustion engine of a certain type, for example an Otto engine, with internal combustion engines of another type, for example with diesel engines , has in common.
  • the fourth layer predominantly represents operating conditions that are specific to internal combustion engine of certain types, diesel engines or gasoline engines.
  • the “standby” state 2-7 is designed as an energy-saving mode, in which certain electrically operated ancillary components of the internal combustion engine can be switched off.
  • energy-saving mode in the "standby” state, communication via a network with other control devices is possible.
  • a monitoring of the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine preceded by the fuel supply of the internal combustion engine, a monitoring of the throttle valve spring or a test of the emergency shutdown.
  • the "standby" state is exited and the control of the internal combustion engine changes to a "ready” state.
  • State 3-1 a start of the internal combustion engine 20 can then follow immediately.
  • the starting point for the consideration of the state machine 12 described is preferably a situation in which a computer or a microcontroller in the control unit 10, on which a computer program for carrying out the claimed and described method runs, is switched off. If the control unit 10 is installed together with the internal combustion engine 20 in a vehicle, for example, the computer switched off as long as the doors of the vehicle, in particular the driver's door, is still closed or another defined wake-up event has not yet occurred. Such a "shutdown" state is in FIG. 2 designated by the reference numeral 1-1. However, as soon as the driver's door is opened in particular, a switch is actuated which causes the control unit 10 to leave this state 1-1 and to change over to a "reset" state 1-2.
  • the controller 10 is set in a predefined initial state. From the "reset” state 1-2, the control unit 10 then automatically transitions to the state “booting" 1-3, in which the control unit is started up. Within the state “boot”, the controller 10 sequentially goes through the states “pre-initialization”, “speed initialization” 2-2 and "post-initialization” 2-3. After completing the state "booting” 1-1, the control unit 10 is again automatically in the state “initialization” 1-4 over, with various adjustments and in particular a pre-occupation of certain variables take place. This is done by going through the states “Standard Boats” 2-4, “Customer Boats" 2-5 and “OS Preparation” 2-6 sequentially.
  • the engine is normally started after the ignition is turned on, as described in detail above.
  • various conditions are usually preprogrammed in the occurrence of the internal combustion engine from the "standby" state 2-7 out not in the state “Ready” 3-1, but in the state “Shut down” 1-5 of the control unit 10 passes. This is especially the case when the "standby" state 2-7 has been entered after the caster state 2-9 has been exited.
  • the control unit In the "shutdown” state, the control unit is prepared for its shutdown. When the shutdown state has been completed, the controller automatically returns to the shutdown state 1-1. However, if during the "shutdown” state the ignition is again turned on or another equivalent event should occur, the controller 10 transitions to the "reset” state 1-2 to automatically enter the state "as described above”. Boats ".

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling an internal combustion engine (20) of a certain model in accordance with a finite state machine (12). According to known methods, a possible operating state of the internal combustion engine is first adjusted which is associated with a level n of the finite state machine. In a further level (n+1), subordinate operating states relative to the operating state previously determined are specified by the known method. The aim of the invention is to streamline and simplify methods of the aforementioned type so that they can be adapted to control different models of internal combustion engines. For this purpose, the method and the finite state machine are designed in such a manner that the finite state machine comprises at least two groups of levels, the first group representing levels of operating states which the internal combustion engine of a certain model shares with internal combustion engines of a different model, and the second group of levels representing operating states which are specific for the internal combustion engine of a certain model.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Streuergerät um Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs gemäß einem Zustandsautomaten. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Computerprogramm und einen zustandsautomaten.The invention relates to a spreader for operating an internal combustion engine of a certain type according to a state machine. The invention further relates to a computer program and a state machine.

Zustandsautomaten sind im Stand der Technik und insbesondere in der Softwareentwicklung grundsätzlich bekannt. Allgemein gesprochen bilden sie verschiedene Zustände eines Systems bildlich ab. Die einzelnen Zustände des Systems werden dabei von Variablen und diesen zugeordneten Werten repräsentiert, die von Softwaremodulen abfragbar sind, siche z.B. DE19709318 . Auch für Brennkraftmaschinen sind derartige Zustandsautomaten wie in Figur 4 dargestellt grundsätzlich bekannt; in diesem Fall geben die Zustandsautomaten verschiedene mögliche Betriebszustände, in Figur 4 durch dicke Punkte dargestellt, zum Betreiben der Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs und erlaubte Übergänge zwischen diesen Betriebszuständen vor. Die Betriebszustände in den Zustandsautomaten können in mehrere Schichten (1...n, n+1, ... N) gruppiert sein. Die Schichten sind in der Weise hierarchisch strukturiert, dass mindestens einer Schicht n mindestens eine weitere Schicht n+1 nachgelagert ist, die mindestens einen Unterbetriebszustand für einen der Schicht n zugeordneten Betriebszustand umfasst.State machines are basically known in the art and especially in software development. Generally speaking, they depict various states of a system. The individual states of the system are represented by variables and their associated values, which can be queried by software modules, eg DE19709318 , For internal combustion engines such state machines are as in FIG. 4 shown in principle known; in this case the state machines give various possible operating states, in FIG. 4 represented by thick dots, for operating the internal combustion engine of the specific type and allowed transitions between these operating states. The operating states in the state machines can be divided into several Layers (1 ... n, n + 1, ... N) be grouped. The layers are hierarchically structured in such a way that at least one layer n has at least one further layer n + 1 downstream, which comprises at least one sub-operating state for an operating state associated with the layer n.

Bekannte Zustandsautomaten für Brennkraftmaschinen sind im Laufe der Zeit sukzessive gewachsen; sie wurden immer wieder bedarfsorientiert für spezielle Einzelanwendungen erweitert. Dies ist der Grund dafür, warum bestehende Zustandsautomaten für Brennkraftmaschinen heute sehr komplex und unhandlich sind. Wenn bekannte Zustandsautomaten für Einzelanwendungen in Verbindung mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines bestimmten Typs verwendet werden sollen, ist es heute unumgänglich, dass mit der Implementierung der bekannten Zustandsautomaten auch eine Vielzahl von Komponenten oder Teilsystemen mit installiert werden muss, die für die spezielle Einzelanwendung nicht unbedingt erforderlich wären.Known state machines for internal combustion engines have grown gradually over time; they have been repeatedly expanded according to demand for special individual applications. This is the reason why existing state machines for internal combustion engines today are very complex and unwieldy. If known state machines are to be used for individual applications in connection with internal combustion engines of a certain type, it is today essential that with the implementation of the known state machines a large number of components or subsystems must be installed, which would not be necessary for the specific individual application.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es deshalb die Aufgabe der Erfindung, das beschriebene bekannte Steuergerät derart weiterzubilden, dass eine einfache und schlanke Anpassung an verschiedene verwendete Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs möglich ist.Based on this prior art, it is therefore the object of the invention to further develop the described known control unit such that a simple and streamlined adaptation to different internal combustion engines of different types used is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Patentanspruch 1 beanspruchte Steuergerät gelöst. Demnach ist zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Schicht n und alle ihr in der hierarchischen Struktur des Zustandsautomaten vorgelagerten Schichten jeweils Betriebszustände repräsentieren, welche die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines anderen Typs gemeinsam hat und dass die weitere Schicht sowie alle ihr in der hierarchischen Struktur des Zustandsautomaten nachgelagerten Schichten jeweils Betriebszustände repräsentieren, die spezifisch sind für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs.This object is achieved by the claimed in claim 1 control unit. Accordingly, to achieve this object according to the invention provided that the layer n and all her in the hierarchical structure of the state machine upstream layers each represent operating states that the internal combustion engine of the specific type with Internal combustion engines of a different type in common and that the further layer and all downstream in the hierarchical structure of the state machine layers each represent operating conditions that are specific to the internal combustion engine of the specific type.

Vorteileadvantages

Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs sind insbesondere Dieselmaschinen oder Benzinmaschinen.Internal combustion engines of different types are in particular diesel engines or gasoline engines.

Durch die beanspruchte erfindungsgemäße Aufteilung der Schichten des Zustandsautomaten ist es bei einem Wechsel des Typs der verwendeten Brennkraftmaschine nur noch erforderlich, diejenigen Schichten im Zustandsautomaten auszutauschen oder anzupassen, die spezifisch sind für eine bestimmte Brennkraftmaschine. Alle anderen Schichten des Zustandsautomaten bleiben von dem Wechsel unberührt. Diese anderen Schichten/Teile der Software beziehungsweise der Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine, welche nur von den allgemeinen (wiederverwendbaren) Schichten des Zustandsautomaten abhängig sind, können ohne Anpassung bei verschiedenen Typen von Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden.Due to the claimed division of the layers of the state machine according to the invention, when changing the type of internal combustion engine used, it is only necessary to replace or adapt those layers in the state machine that are specific to a specific internal combustion engine. All other layers of the state machine remain untouched by the switch. These other layers / parts of the software or the control of the internal combustion engine, which are dependent only on the general (reusable) layers of the state machine, can be used without adaptation in various types of internal combustion engines.

Anders ausgedrückt: Bei einem Wechsel des Typs der verwendeten Brennkraftmaschine ist es nun nicht mehr erforderlich, den gesamten Zustandsautomaten, der grundsätzlich die Betriebszustände von einer Vielzahl von Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs umfasst, zu übernehmen. Vielmehr ist es möglich, bei Verwendung eines neuen Brennkraftmaschinentyps zunächst nur diejenigen Schichten des Zustandsautomaten zu verwenden, welche Betriebszustände repräsentieren, die brennkraftmaschinen-übergreifend, das heißt typen-unabhängig sind. Von den weiteren Schichten des Zustandsautomaten brauchen dann nur diejenigen Schichten übernommen zu werden, die für die spezifische verwendete Brennkraftmaschine geeignet sind. Auch innerhalb einer ausgewählten weiteren Schicht können einzelne, nicht benötigte Betriebszustandsmodule eliminiert oder ausgetauscht werden. Andere weitere Schichten, die in dem Zustandsautomaten grundsätzlich verfügbar sind, können weggelassen werden. Auf diese Weise ist grundsätzlich eine schlanke Adaption des Zustandsautomaten an beliebige Anwendungsfälle möglich.In other words, when changing the type of internal combustion engine used, it is no longer necessary to adopt the entire state machine, which basically includes the operating states of a plurality of internal combustion engines of different types. Rather, it is possible to initially use only those layers of the state machine when using a new type of internal combustion engine, which Represent operating states that are internal combustion engine-spanning, that is type-independent. Of the further layers of the state machine then only those layers need to be taken, which are suitable for the specific internal combustion engine used. Even within a selected further layer, individual, unneeded operating state modules can be eliminated or replaced. Other other layers that are basically available in the state machine may be omitted. In this way, a lean adaptation of the state machine to any application is possible in principle.

Gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Zustandsautomat für die Brennkraftmaschine vier Schichten aufweist. Dabei repräsentiert die erste Schicht einen Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung". Als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" werden in der zweiten Schicht die Betriebszustände "Start", "Normalbetrieb" und "Nachlauf" definiert. Die dritte Schicht definiert wiederum Unterbetriebszustände zu den Betriebszuständen der Schicht 3. Sie umfasst die Zustände "Standby", "Bereit", "Startphase", "Leerlauf", "Gas geben", "Auslaufen" und "Beenden". Schließlich umfasst die vierte Schicht die Zustände "Vorglühen" oder "Nicht vorglühen" als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem Betriebszustand "Bereit" in der dritten Schicht. Wichtig bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist, dass die erste bis dritte Schicht Betriebszustände repräsentieren, welche für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs unspezifisch sind, und in der vierten Schicht Betriebszustände definiert sind, die für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs spezifisch sind.According to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the state machine for the internal combustion engine has four layers. In this case, the first layer represents an operating state "motor control". The operating states "start", "normal operation" and "overrun" are defined in the second layer as sub-operating states for the operating state "motor control". The third layer, in turn, defines sub-states for the operating states of layer 3. It includes the states "standby", "ready", "start-up phase", "idle", "accelerate", "phasing out" and "ending". Finally, the fourth layer includes the states "preheat" or "not preheat" as sub-states to the operating state "ready" in the third layer. What is important in this embodiment is that the first to third layers represent operating states that are unspecific for the particular type of internal combustion engine and operating states that are specific to the particular type of internal combustion engine are defined in the fourth layer.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Steuergerätes, wobei der Zustandsautomat so ausgebildet ist, dass ein Übergang zwischen einzelnen durch ihn repräsentierten Betriebszuständen nur unter bestimmten Bedingungen möglich ist, sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Steuergerät so ausgebildet ist, dass der Zustandsautomat nicht nur Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine, sondern auch verschiedene Betriebszustände eines Steuergerätes der Brennkraftmaschine abbildet.Further advantageous embodiments of the control device, wherein the state machine is designed so that a transition between individual operating conditions represented by it is possible only under certain conditions are the subject of the dependent claims. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control unit is designed such that the state machine not only maps operating states of the internal combustion engine but also various operating states of a control device of the internal combustion engine.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird weiterhin durch ein Computerprogramm für das Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine sowie durch den zantandsufornaten. Die Vorteile sowie durch den Zustandsautomaten selber gelöst. Die Vorteile dieser Lösungen der Aufgabe entsprechen den oben unter Bezugnahme auf das erfindungsgemäße Steuergerät beschriebenen Vorteilen.The object of the invention is further by a computer program for the control unit of the internal combustion engine and by the zantandsufornaten. The advantages and solved by the state machine itself. The advantages of these solutions to the object correspond to the advantages described above with reference to the control device according to the invention.

Figurencharacters

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend detailliert unter Bezugnahme auf die der Beschreibung beigefügten Figuren 1 - 4 beschrieben, wobei

Figur 1
die hierarchische Grundstruktur des erfindungsgemäßen Zustandsautomaten;
Figur 2
die durch den Zustandsautomaten abgebildeten Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine und des Steuergerätes für die Brennkraftmaschine;
Figur 3
ein Steuergerät und eine Brennkraftmaschine; und
Figur 4
allgemeine hierarchisch strukturierte Schichten eines Zustandsautomaten
zeigt.The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the specification Figures 1 - 4 described, wherein
FIG. 1
the hierarchical basic structure of the state machine according to the invention;
FIG. 2
the operating states of the internal combustion engine and the control device for the internal combustion engine mapped by the state machine;
FIG. 3
a control device and an internal combustion engine; and
FIG. 4
general hierarchical structured layers of a state machine
shows.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Figur 1 zeigt ein Beispiel für eine Grundstruktur eines Zustandsautomaten 12 zum Ansteuern einer Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs. FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic structure of a state machine 12 for driving an internal combustion engine of a certain type.

Figur 3 zeigt eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs 20, die über ein Steuergerät 10 gemäß dem darin abgespeicherten Zustandsautomaten 12 angesteuert wird. Ein von dem Steuergerät 10 angesteuerter Starter 15 dient zum Starten der Brennkraftmaschine 20.FIG. 3 shows such an internal combustion engine of a specific type 20, which is controlled via a control unit 10 in accordance with the state machine 12 stored therein. A controlled by the controller 10 starter 15 is used to start the internal combustion engine 20th

Die in Figur 1 gezeigte Grundstruktur 12 weist insgesamt fünf Schichten n = 0 ... 4 auf. Eine oberste Schicht n = 0 repräsentiert den Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung". Dabei handelt es sich um einen übergeordneten Begriff beziehungsweise Zustand aller möglichen Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine und des Steuergerätes. Nachfolgend werden zunächst nur die verschiedenen Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine diskutiert; eine Diskussion der verschiedenen Betriebszustände des Steuergerätes erfolgt weiter unten.In the FIG. 1 shown basic structure 12 has a total of five layers n = 0 ... 4. A top layer n = 0 represents the operating state "motor control". This is a superordinate term or state of all possible operating states of the internal combustion engine and the control unit. In the following, only the various operating states of the internal combustion engine will be discussed; a discussion of the various operating states of the control unit is given below.

Der oberste Betriebszustand in der Schicht n = 1 lautet "Motoransteuerung" 1-6. In einer darunter liegenden Schicht n = 2 sind verschiedene Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine zusammengefasst, welche den übergeordneten Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" spezifizieren; es handelt sich dabei um die Betriebszustände "Standby" 2-7 (optional), "Start" 2-8, "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 und "Nachlauf" 2-10. Unter der Bezeichnung "Start" sind alle Unterbetriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine zusammengefasst, welche dazu dienen, die Brennkraftmaschine für den Start vorzubereiten sowie den Start durchzuführen. Bei diesen Unterbetriebszuständen handelt es sich um die Zustände "Bereit" 3-1 und "Startphase" 3-2, welche in einer Schicht n=3 spezifiziert sind. Ebenfalls in der dritten Schicht n=3 sind die Unterbetriebszustände "Leerlauf" 3-3 und,"Gasgeben" 3-4 als Unterbetriebszustände für den übergeordneten Zustand "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 in der zweiten Schicht n=2 beschrieben. Die dritte Schicht n = 3 umfasst die Zustände "Anlaufen" 3-5 und "Beenden" 3-6 als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem übergeordneten Betriebszustand "Nachlauf" 2-9 der Brennkraftmaschine, wie er in der zweiten Schicht genannt ist. Schließlich weist der in Figur 1 gezeigte Zustandsautomat eine vierte Schicht n = 4 auf, in welcher beispielhaft der Zustand "Bereit" aus der dritten Schicht n=3 näher spezifiziert ist. Beispielhaft kann während dieses "Bereit"-Zustandes bei Dieselmaschinen geprüft werden, ob ein "Vorglüh-Zustand" 4-1 oder ein "Nicht-vorglühen"-zustand 4-2 erreicht ist.The highest operating state in the layer n = 1 is "motor control" 1-6. In an underlying layer n = 2 different operating states of the internal combustion engine are summarized, which specify the higher-level operating state "motor control"; These are the operating states "Standby" 2-7 (optional), "Start" 2-8, "Normal operation" 2-9 and "Caster" 2-10. The term "start" summarizes all sub-operating states of the internal combustion engine which serve to prepare the internal combustion engine for starting and to start the engine. In these sub-operating states these are the states "ready" 3-1 and "start phase" 3-2, which are specified in a layer n = 3. Also in the third layer n = 3, the sub-states "idle" 3-3 and "accelerate" 3-4 are described as sub-operating states for the higher-level state "normal operation" 2-9 in the second layer n = 2. The third layer n = 3 includes the states "start-up" 3-5 and "finish" 3-6 as sub-operating states to the superordinate operating state "caster" 2-9 of the internal combustion engine, as it is called in the second layer. Finally, the in FIG. 1 state machine shown a fourth layer n = 4, in which by way of example the state "Ready" from the third layer n = 3 is specified in more detail. By way of example, it can be checked during this "ready" state in diesel engines whether a "preheat state" 4-1 or a "non-preheat" state 4-2 has been reached.

Erfindungsgemäß repräsentieren die erste bis dritte Schicht n=1 - 3, soweit sie die Brennkraftmaschine und nicht das Steuergerät betreffen, lediglich Betriebszustände, welche die Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs, zum Beispiel eines Otto-Motors, mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines anderen Typs, zum Beispiel mit Dieselmaschinen, gemeinsam hat. Demgegenüber repräsentiert die vierte Schicht vorwiegend Betriebszustände, die für Brennkraftmaschine bestimmter Typen, Dieselmotoren oder Otto-Motoren spezifisch sind.According to the invention, the first to third layers n = 1 - 3, insofar as they relate to the internal combustion engine and not the control unit, represent only operating conditions which the internal combustion engine of a certain type, for example an Otto engine, with internal combustion engines of another type, for example with diesel engines , has in common. In contrast, the fourth layer predominantly represents operating conditions that are specific to internal combustion engine of certain types, diesel engines or gasoline engines.

Die einzelnen bisher genannten Betriebszustände und die möglichen Übergänge zwischen diesen Betriebszuständen während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine werden nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 2 näher beschrieben.The individual operating states mentioned above and the possible transitions between these operating states during operation of the internal combustion engine will be described below with reference to FIG FIG. 2 described in more detail.

Im Rahmen des Zustandes "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 ist, wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich, der gesamte mögliche Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs zusammenfassend dargestellt. Er gliedert sich insbesondere in die Zustände "Standby" 2-7, "Start" 2-8, "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 und "Nachlauf" 2-10. Der "Standby"-Zustand 2-7 ist als Energiesparmodus konzipiert, bei dem bestimmte elektrisch betriebene Nebenaggregate der Brennkraftmaschine abgeschaltet werden können. In der Konzeption als Energiesparmodus ist in dem "Standby"-Zustand eine Kommunikation über ein Netzwerk mit anderen Steuergeräten möglich. Außerdem kann während dieses Zustandes zum Beispiel eine Überwachung der Betriebstemperatur der Brennkraftmaschine, ein vorlaufen der Kraftstoffversorgung der Brennkraftmaschine, einer Überwachung der Drosselventilfeder oder ein Test der Notabschaltung erfolgen.As part of the state "motor control" 1-6 is, as out FIG. 2 apparent, the entire possible operation of Internal combustion engine of the specific type summarized. In particular, it is divided into the states "Standby" 2-7, "Start" 2-8, "Normal mode" 2-9 and "Caster" 2-10. The "standby" state 2-7 is designed as an energy-saving mode, in which certain electrically operated ancillary components of the internal combustion engine can be switched off. In the conception as energy-saving mode, in the "standby" state, communication via a network with other control devices is possible. In addition, during this state, for example, a monitoring of the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine, preceded by the fuel supply of the internal combustion engine, a monitoring of the throttle valve spring or a test of the emergency shutdown.

Wenn während des "Standby"-Zustandes 2-7 die Zündung des Fahrzeugs beziehungsweise der Brennkraftmaschine eingeschaltet wird oder eine andere äquivalente Information an das Steuergerät gegeben wird, wird der "Standby"-Zustand verlassen und die Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine wechselt in einen "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1; ein Start der Brennkraftmaschine 20 kann dann unmittelbar folgen. In dem "Bereit"-Zustand kann zum Beispiel noch eine Überwachung von Leistungsverbrauchern erfolgen; bei Dieselmaschinen könnte in dem "Bereit"-Zustand gemäß einer darunter liegenden Schicht n=4 die Durchführung des Vorglühprozesses stattfinden. Sobald dann jedoch der Starter 15 für die Brennkraftmaschine aktiviert wird und eine Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, die größer als ein vorgegebener Schwellenwert Thr0 ist, festgestellt wird, wird dieser "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1 verlassen und die Brennkraftmaschine wechselt in den "Startphase"-Zustand 3-2. Alternativ dazu erfolgt dann, wenn während des "Bereit"-Zustandes 3-1 die Zündung abgeschaltet wird, kein Übergang in den "Startphase"-Zustand, sondern ein Übergang in den Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5.If, during the "standby" state 2-7, the ignition of the vehicle or the internal combustion engine is turned on or other equivalent information is given to the control unit, the "standby" state is exited and the control of the internal combustion engine changes to a "ready" state. State 3-1; a start of the internal combustion engine 20 can then follow immediately. In the "ready" state, for example, monitoring of power consumers can still take place; in diesel engines, in the "ready" state according to an underlying layer n = 4, the preheating process could take place. However, as soon as the starter 15 for the internal combustion engine is activated and a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine which is greater than a predetermined threshold Thr0 is determined, this "ready" state 3-1 is left and the internal combustion engine changes into the "starting phase". Condition 3-2. Alternatively, when the ignition is turned off during the "ready" state 3-1, there is no transition to the ignition "Start phase" state, but a transition to the state "phasing out" 3-5.

Der Zustand "Startphase" 3-2 dient dazu, die Brennkraftmaschine aus eigener Kraft zum Laufen zu bringen. Wenn dies nicht gelingt, das heißt, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine "abgewürgt" wird, was soviel bedeutet, als dass die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine für eine bestimmte Mindestzeit unterhalb eines vorgebbaren Schwellenwertes Thr1 bleibt, erfolgt ein Rücksprung in den "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1. Wird dagegen die Startphase erfolgreich abgeschlossen, das heißt, erhöht sich die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine über einen vorgebbaren zweiten Schwellenwert Thr2, so erfolgt ein Übergang innerhalb der zweiten Schicht n=2 des Zustandsautomaten 12 von dem Betriebszustand "Start" 2-8 in den Betriebszustand "Normalbetrieb" 2-9.The state "start phase" 3-2 serves to make the internal combustion engine run on its own. If this does not succeed, that is, if the internal combustion engine is "strangled", which means that the engine speed for a certain minimum time remains below a predetermined threshold Thr1, a return to the "ready" state 3-1 , If, on the other hand, the start phase is successfully completed, that is to say if the speed of the internal combustion engine increases beyond a predefinable second threshold value Thr2, a transition takes place within the second layer n = 2 of the state machine 12 from the operating state "start" 2-8 into the operating state. Normal operation "2-9.

Genauer gesagt erfolgt dann nach der Startphase zunächst ein Übergang der Brennkraftmaschine in einen "Leerlauf"-Zustand 3-3 in der dritten Schicht n = 3 des Zustandsautomaten, wie dies in der Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Je nach Wunsch des Fahrers eines Fahrzeugs, in dem die Brennkraftmaschine eingebaut ist, beziehungsweise je nach Fahrsituation wechselt der Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine während des Zustandes "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 zwischen den Unterbetriebszuständen "Leerlauf" 3-3 und "Gasgeben" 3-4. Wird die Brennkraftmaschine 20 "abgewürgt", während sie sich in dem "Normalbetrieb" befindet, erfolgt innerhalb der Schicht n=2 ein Übergang in den Betriebszustand "Start" 2-8 und genauer gesagt innerhalb der Schicht n=3 ein Übergang in den Zustand "Bereit" 3-1. Wird dagegen der Zustand "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 ordnungsgemäß durch Abschalten der Zündung beendet, so geht die Brennkraftmaschine in der Schicht n=2 in einen Zustand "Nachlauf" 2-10 über. Innerhalb des Betriebszustandes "Nachlauf" 2-10 geht die Maschine nach dem Abschalten der Zündung zunächst in der Schicht n=3 in den Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5 über. Dieser Zustand zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Zündung zwar ausgeschaltet ist, die Brennkraftmaschine aber noch nachläuft, das heißt, dass ihre Drehzahl noch ungleich null ist. Erst wenn auch die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert Thr3 unterschreitet, verlässt die Brennkraftmaschine 20 diesen Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5 und geht innerhalb der dritten Schicht n=3 in einen Zustand "Beenden" 3-6 über. Dieser Zustand kennzeichnet die endgültige Abschaltung der Brennkraftmaschine, wobei zwar bereits die Zündung abgeschaltet und die Drehzahl 0 ist, aber bestimmte Aggregate, wie zum Beispiel ein Lüfter noch nachlaufen können, um zum Beispiel die Brennkraftmaschine zu kühlen.More precisely, then, after the start phase, a transition of the internal combustion engine into an "idle" state 3-3 in the third layer n = 3 of the state machine, as shown in FIG FIG. 2 is shown. Depending on the request of the driver of a vehicle in which the internal combustion engine is installed, or depending on the driving situation, the operating state of the internal combustion engine changes during the state "normal operation" 2-9 between the sub-states "idle" 3-3 and "accelerate" 3-4. If the internal combustion engine 20 is "strangled" while it is in "normal operation", a transition to the operating state "start" 2-8 and more precisely within the layer n = 3 takes place within the layer n = 2 into a transition to the state "Ready" 3-1. If, on the other hand, the state "normal operation" 2-9 is ended properly by switching off the ignition, then the internal combustion engine in the n = 2 layer goes into a state "Caster" 2-10 over. Within the operating state "Caster" 2-10, after switching off the ignition, the machine initially switches to the state "Leakage" 3-5 in layer n = 3. This state is characterized by the fact that the ignition is indeed switched off, but the internal combustion engine is still running, that is, that their speed is still not equal to zero. Only when the speed of the internal combustion engine falls short of a predetermined threshold Thr3, the engine 20 leaves this state "leaking" 3-5 and is within the third layer n = 3 in a state "finish" 3-6 on. This state indicates the final shutdown of the internal combustion engine, although already turned off the ignition and the speed is 0, but certain units, such as a fan can still run to cool, for example, the internal combustion engine.

Sobald der Zustand "Nachlauf" beendet ist, wechselt die Maschine innerhalb der zweiten Schicht in den Zustand "Standby" 2-7. Dieses Verhalten gilt dann, wenn während des Zustandes "Nachlauf" 2-10 die Zündung nicht wieder eingeschaltet wird.As soon as the state "Caster" has ended, the machine changes to the state "Standby" 2-7 within the second shift. This behavior applies if the ignition is not switched on again during the condition "caster" 2-10.

Wenn die Zündung jedoch während dieses Zustandes "Nachlauf" 2-10 in der zweiten Schicht n = 2 wieder eingeschaltet wird, gibt es drei alternative Vorgehensweisen für die Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine. Eine erste Alternative besteht darin, dass die Brennkraftmaschine innerhalb der zweiten Schicht n = 2 von dem Zustand "Nachlauf" 2-10 in den Zustand "Start" 2-8 wechselt. Bezogen auf die dritte Schicht n = 3 ist es für diesen Wechsel unerheblich, ob sich die Brennkraftmaschine 20 beim Wiederanschalten der Zündung in dem Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5 oder in dem Zustand "Beenden" 3-6 befindet; in beiden Fällen geht die Brennkraftmaschine bei Anschalten der Zündung über in den Zustand "Bereit" 3-1. Alternativ dazu besteht die Möglichkeit, den Zustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 zu verlassen und in einen "Reset"-Zustand 1-2 des Steuergerätes 10 für die Brennkraftmaschine 20 überzugehen. Als dritte Alternative besteht die Möglichkeit, in einen Zustand "Abgeschaltet" 1-1 des Steuergerätes 10 überzugehen.However, when the ignition is turned on again during this "caster" condition 2-10 in the second layer n = 2, there are three alternative approaches to controlling the internal combustion engine. A first alternative is that the internal combustion engine within the second layer n = 2 changes from the state "caster" 2-10 to the state "start" 2-8. With respect to the third layer n = 3, it is irrelevant for this change whether the internal combustion engine 20 is in the state "phasing out" 3-5 or in the state "terminating" 3-6 when the ignition is switched back on; in both cases, the Internal combustion engine when the ignition is switched to the "Ready" state 3-1. Alternatively, it is possible to leave the state "motor control" 1-6 and to go into a "reset" state 1-2 of the control unit 10 for the internal combustion engine 20. As a third alternative, it is possible to change to a state "switched off" 1-1 of the control unit 10.

Neben dem Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6, der, wie beschrieben, alle wesentlichen Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine umfasst, kann der Zustandsautomat 12 auch verschiedene Betriebszustände des Steuergerätes 10 für die Brennkraftmaschine umfassen. Dabei handelt es sich wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, um die Zustände "Abgeschaltet" 1-1, "Reset" 1-2, "Booten" 1-3, "Initialisierung" 1-4 und "Herunterfahren" 1-5. Wie bereits aus der Struktur der Bezugszeichen ersichtlich, sind diese Zustände ebenfalls gleichrangig mit dem Zustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 in der ersten Schicht n = 1 des Zustandsautomaten 12 angeordnet.In addition to the operating state "motor control" 1-6, which, as described, includes all essential operating states of the internal combustion engine, the state machine 12 may also include various operating states of the control unit 10 for the internal combustion engine. It is like in FIG. 2 shown to the states "Shut Down" 1-1, "Reset" 1-2, "Boot" 1-3, "Initialization" 1-4 and "Shut Down" 1-5. As already evident from the structure of the reference numerals, these states are likewise arranged in the same order as the state "motor drive" 1-6 in the first layer n = 1 of the state machine 12.

Die Übergänge zwischen diesen einzelnen Zuständen des Steuergerätes 10 der Brennkraftmaschine und auch die Übergänge zwischen diesen Zuständen und den oben beschriebenen Zuständen der Brennkraftmaschine werden nachfolgend kurz beschrieben.The transitions between these individual states of the control unit 10 of the internal combustion engine and also the transitions between these states and the above-described states of the internal combustion engine will be briefly described below.

Ausgangspunkt für die Betrachtung des beschriebenen Zustandsautomaten 12 ist vorzugsweise eine Situation, bei der ein Computer beziehungsweise ein Mikrocontroller in dem Steuergerät 10, auf welchem ein Computerprogramm zur Durchführung des beanspruchten und beschriebenen Verfahrens abläuft, ausgeschaltet ist. Sofern das Steuergerät 10 zusammen mit der Brennkraftmaschine 20 in ein Fahrzeug eingebaut ist, ist der Computer beispielsweise dann ausgeschaltet, solange die Türen des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere die Fahrertür, noch geschlossen ist oder ein anderes definiertes Aufweckereignis noch nicht eingetreten ist. Ein derartiger "Abgeschaltet"-Zustand ist in Figur 2 mit dem Bezugszeichen 1-1 bezeichnet. Sobald insbesondere die Fahrertür jedoch geöffnet wird, wird ein Schalter betätigt, welcher das Steuergerät 10 dazu veranlasst, diesen Zustand 1-1 zu verlassen und in einen "Reset"-Zustand 1-2 überzugehen. Während dieses Zustandes 1-2 wird das Steuergerät 10 in einen vordefinierten Ausgangszustand versetzt. Von dem "Reset"-Zustand 1-2 geht das Steuergerät 10 dann automatisch in den Zustand "Booten" 1-3 über, in welchem das Steuergerät hochgefahren wird. Innerhalb des Zustandes "Booten" durchläuft das Steuergerät 10 sequentiell die Zustände "Vorinitialisierung", "Drehzahlinitialisierung" 2-2 und "Nachinitialisierung" 2-3. Nach Abschluss des Zustandes "Booten" 1-1 geht das Steuergerät 10 wiederum automatisch in den Zustand "Initialisierung" 1-4 über, wobei verschiedene Anpassungen und insbesondere ein Vorbesetzen von bestimmten Variablen stattfinden. Dies erfolgt, indem die Zustände "Standardbooten" 2-4, "Kundenbooten" 2-5 und "Betriebssystem-Vorbereitung" 2-6 sequentiell durchlaufen werden. Am Ende des "Initialisierungs"-Prozesses geht das Steuergerät 10 automatisch in den Zustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 in der ersten Schicht n = 1 über. Genauer gesagt geht das Steuergerät dann in der Schicht n = 2 in den Zustand "Standby" 2-7 über.The starting point for the consideration of the state machine 12 described is preferably a situation in which a computer or a microcontroller in the control unit 10, on which a computer program for carrying out the claimed and described method runs, is switched off. If the control unit 10 is installed together with the internal combustion engine 20 in a vehicle, for example, the computer switched off as long as the doors of the vehicle, in particular the driver's door, is still closed or another defined wake-up event has not yet occurred. Such a "shutdown" state is in FIG. 2 designated by the reference numeral 1-1. However, as soon as the driver's door is opened in particular, a switch is actuated which causes the control unit 10 to leave this state 1-1 and to change over to a "reset" state 1-2. During this state 1-2, the controller 10 is set in a predefined initial state. From the "reset" state 1-2, the control unit 10 then automatically transitions to the state "booting" 1-3, in which the control unit is started up. Within the state "boot", the controller 10 sequentially goes through the states "pre-initialization", "speed initialization" 2-2 and "post-initialization" 2-3. After completing the state "booting" 1-1, the control unit 10 is again automatically in the state "initialization" 1-4 over, with various adjustments and in particular a pre-occupation of certain variables take place. This is done by going through the states "Standard Boats" 2-4, "Customer Boats" 2-5 and "OS Preparation" 2-6 sequentially. At the end of the "initialization" process, the controller 10 automatically transitions to the "Motor Drive" state 1-6 in the first layer n = 1. More precisely, the control unit then changes to the state "Standby" 2-7 in the layer n = 2.

Von dem Zustand "Standby" 2-7 wird die Brennkraftmaschine normalerweise nach dem Einschalten der Zündung gestartet, wie dies oben ausführlich beschrieben wurde. Darüber hinaus sind jedoch in der Regel auch verschiedene Bedingungen vorprogrammiert, bei deren Eintreten die Brennkraftmaschine aus dem "Standby"-Zustand 2-7 heraus nicht in den Zustand "Bereit" 3-1, sondern in den Zustand "Herunterfahren" 1-5 des Steuergerätes 10 übergeht. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn der "Standby"-Zustand 2-7 eingenommen wurde, nachdem der Nachlauf-Zustand 2-9 verlassen wurde. In dem Zustand "Herunterfahren" wird das Steuergerät auf seine Abschaltung hin vorbereitet. Wenn der Zustand "Herunterfahren" beendet worden ist, geht das Steuergerät automatisch wieder in den Zustand "Abgeschaltet" 1-1 über. Wenn jedoch während des Zustandes "Herunterfahren" die Zündung wieder eingeschaltet werden oder ein anderes äquivalentes Ereignis eintreten sollte, geht das Steuergerät 10 in den Zustand "Reset" 1-2 über, um von dort aus automatisch, wie oben beschrieben, in den Zustand "Booten" überzugehen.From the standby state 2-7, the engine is normally started after the ignition is turned on, as described in detail above. In addition, however, various conditions are usually preprogrammed in the occurrence of the internal combustion engine from the "standby" state 2-7 out not in the state "Ready" 3-1, but in the state "Shut down" 1-5 of the control unit 10 passes. This is especially the case when the "standby" state 2-7 has been entered after the caster state 2-9 has been exited. In the "shutdown" state, the control unit is prepared for its shutdown. When the shutdown state has been completed, the controller automatically returns to the shutdown state 1-1. However, if during the "shutdown" state the ignition is again turned on or another equivalent event should occur, the controller 10 transitions to the "reset" state 1-2 to automatically enter the state "as described above". Boats ".

Claims (26)

  1. Controller (10) for operating a particular type of internal combustion engine (20), wherein the controller comprises a state machine (12), the state machine (12) predefines various possible operating states of the internal combustion engine (20) and predefines permitted transitions between the operating states (20), and wherein the operating states in the state machine (12) are grouped into a plurality of layers (1, ...n, n+1, ...N), and layers (1, ...n, n+1, ...N) are hierarchically structured in such a way that at least one layer (n) has positioned after it at least one further layer (n+1) which comprises at least one sub-operating state for an operating state which is assigned to the layer (n),
    characterized in that
    the layer (n) and the layers (0, ...n-1) which precede it in the hierarchical structure of the state machine (12) each represent operating states which are not specific to the particular internal combustion engine (20); and the further layer (n+1) as well as all of the layers (n+2, ...N) which are positioned after it in the hierarchical structure of the state machine (12) each represent operating states which are specific to the internal combustion engine (20) of the particular type.
  2. Controller (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises an "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state in a layer which is not specific to the particular internal combustion engine, and in that the state machine also comprises the states: "start" (2-8), "normal operating mode" (2-9), "run-on" (2-10), "ready" (3-1), "starting phase" (3-2), "idling" (3-3), "accelerate" (3-4), "coast" (3-5) and "end" (3-6), wherein
    - the "start" (2-8), "normal operating mode" (2-9) and "run-on" (2-10) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state,
    - the "idling" (3-3) and "accelerate" (3-4) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state, and
    - the "coast" (3-5) and "end" (3-6) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "run-on" (2-10) operating state.
  3. Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits
    - a transition from the "ready" (3-1) operating state into the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state only if activation of a starter (15) is detected, and
    - permits a transition from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state back into the "ready" (3-1) operating state only if a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) is lower than a first predefinable threshold value (Thr1) for a predefinable time period.
  4. Controller (10) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises a "standby" (2-7) operating state which is superordinate to the "ready" (3-1) operating state, and the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "standby" (2-7) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state if the ignition for the internal combustion engine is switched on.
  5. Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises the "preheating" and "non-preheating" operating states.
  6. Controller (10) according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "coast" (3-5) operating state into "end" (3-6) operating state only if the ignition is switched off and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is lower than a third threshold value (Thr3) close to zero.
  7. Controller (10) according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "start" (2-8) operating state directly into the "run-on" (2-10) operating state if the ignition is switched off or information which is equivalent hereto is transmitted to the controller (10).
  8. Controller (10) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "ready" (3-1) operating state or from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state into the "coast" (3-5) operating state if the ignition is switched off or equivalent information is transmitted to the controller.
  9. Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "start" (2-8) operating state directly into the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predefined second threshold value (Thr2).
  10. Controller (10) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state into the "idling" (3-3) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds the second threshold value (Thr2).
  11. Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state directly into the "start" (2-8) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine drops below a predefined first threshold value (Thr1).
  12. Controller (10) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine drops below the first threshold value (Thr1).
  13. Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "run-on" (2-10) operating state directly into the "start" (2-8) operating state if the ignition is switched on again.
  14. Controller (10) according to Claim 13, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition either from the "coast" (3-5) operating state or from the "end" (3-6) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state when the ignition is switched on again; or in that the state machine (12) permits a transition either from the "coast" (3-5) operating state or from the "end" (3-6) operating state into the "standby" (2-7) operating state when the run-on is ended.
  15. Controller (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises not only the operating states of the internal combustion engine but also operating states of the controller (10).
  16. Controller (10) according to Claim 15, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises, as operating states of the controller (10), the "switched-off" (1-1) operating state, "reset" (1-2) operating state, "boot" (1-3) operating state, "initialization" (1-4) operating state and "powering down" (1-5) operating state.
  17. Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "switched-off" (1-1) operating state into the "reset" (1-2) operating state if the controller (10) is switched on, in particular by activating a switch in a door of the vehicle in which the controller (10) is installed.
  18. Controller (10) according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "initialization" (1-4) operating state into the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state or an operating state which is positioned after the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state if the initialization is terminated.
  19. Controller (10) according to Claim 18, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "initialization" (1-4) operating state into one of the "standby" (2-7) or "start" (2-8) or "ready" (3-1) operating states.
  20. Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "standby" (2-8) operating state of the internal combustion engine (20) into the "powering down" (1-5) operating state of the controller.
  21. Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "run-on" (2-10) operating state into one of the "reset" (1-2), "boot" (1-3) or "initialization" (1-4) operating states if the ignition has been switched off and switched on again.
  22. Controller (10) according to one of Claims 16-21, characterized in that the "boot" (1-3) operating state comprises the "standard boot" (2-1), "customized boot" (2-2) and "operating system preparation" (2-3) sub-operating states.
  23. Controller (10) according to one of Claims 16-22, characterized in that the "initialization" (1-4) operating state comprises the "pre-initialization" (2-4), "rotational-speed initialization" (2-5) and "post-initialization" (2-6) sub-operating states which are run through sequentially in the specified order during the initialization process.
  24. Computer program for a controller (10) of an internal combustion engine (20) in a motor vehicle, having program code which is suitable for implementing the state machine (12) embodied in the controller (10), according to one of Claims 1-23, when the computer program is executed on the controller (10).
  25. Computer program according to Claim 24, wherein the program code is stored on a computer-readable data carrier.
  26. State machine (12) in a controller (10) of an internal combustion engine (20), wherein the state machine is embodied according to the features of at least one of Claims 1 to 23.
EP04712567A 2003-02-21 2004-02-19 Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1597469B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10308459A DE10308459A1 (en) 2003-02-21 2003-02-21 Method, computer program and control device for operating an internal combustion engine
DE10308459 2003-02-21
PCT/EP2004/050166 WO2004074665A1 (en) 2003-02-21 2004-02-19 Method, computer program and controller for operating an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

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EP1597469A1 EP1597469A1 (en) 2005-11-23
EP1597469B1 true EP1597469B1 (en) 2012-08-01

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US (1) US7337060B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1597469B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4489754B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101033079B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100400835C (en)
DE (1) DE10308459A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004074665A1 (en)

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JP4489754B2 (en) 2010-06-23
JP2006519951A (en) 2006-08-31
WO2004074665A1 (en) 2004-09-02
CN100400835C (en) 2008-07-09
KR101033079B1 (en) 2011-05-06
US7337060B2 (en) 2008-02-26
EP1597469A1 (en) 2005-11-23
CN1754039A (en) 2006-03-29
KR20050103231A (en) 2005-10-27
US20070106452A1 (en) 2007-05-10
DE10308459A1 (en) 2004-09-02

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