EP1597469B1 - Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- EP1597469B1 EP1597469B1 EP04712567A EP04712567A EP1597469B1 EP 1597469 B1 EP1597469 B1 EP 1597469B1 EP 04712567 A EP04712567 A EP 04712567A EP 04712567 A EP04712567 A EP 04712567A EP 1597469 B1 EP1597469 B1 EP 1597469B1
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- operating
- state
- controller
- operating state
- internal combustion
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
- F02D41/263—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the program execution being modifiable by physical parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1411—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a finite or infinite state machine, automaton or state graph for controlling or modelling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spreader for operating an internal combustion engine of a certain type according to a state machine.
- the invention further relates to a computer program and a state machine.
- State machines are basically known in the art and especially in software development. Generally speaking, they depict various states of a system.
- the individual states of the system are represented by variables and their associated values, which can be queried by software modules, eg DE19709318 .
- software modules eg DE19709318
- FIG. 4 shown in principle known; in this case the state machines give various possible operating states, in FIG. 4 represented by thick dots, for operating the internal combustion engine of the specific type and allowed transitions between these operating states.
- the operating states in the state machines can be divided into several Layers (1 ... n, n + 1, ... N) be grouped.
- the layers are hierarchically structured in such a way that at least one layer n has at least one further layer n + 1 downstream, which comprises at least one sub-operating state for an operating state associated with the layer n.
- the layer n and all her in the hierarchical structure of the state machine upstream layers each represent operating states that the internal combustion engine of the specific type with Internal combustion engines of a different type in common and that the further layer and all downstream in the hierarchical structure of the state machine layers each represent operating conditions that are specific to the internal combustion engine of the specific type.
- Internal combustion engines of different types are in particular diesel engines or gasoline engines.
- the state machine for the internal combustion engine has four layers.
- the first layer represents an operating state "motor control”.
- the operating states “start”, “normal operation” and “overrun” are defined in the second layer as sub-operating states for the operating state "motor control”.
- the third layer defines sub-states for the operating states of layer 3. It includes the states “standby”, “ready”, “start-up phase”, “idle”, “accelerate”, “phasing out” and “ending”.
- the fourth layer includes the states “preheat” or “not preheat” as sub-states to the operating state "ready” in the third layer. What is important in this embodiment is that the first to third layers represent operating states that are unspecific for the particular type of internal combustion engine and operating states that are specific to the particular type of internal combustion engine are defined in the fourth layer.
- control device wherein the state machine is designed so that a transition between individual operating conditions represented by it is possible only under certain conditions are the subject of the dependent claims. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control unit is designed such that the state machine not only maps operating states of the internal combustion engine but also various operating states of a control device of the internal combustion engine.
- the object of the invention is further by a computer program for the control unit of the internal combustion engine and by the zantandsufornaten.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a basic structure of a state machine 12 for driving an internal combustion engine of a certain type.
- FIG. 3 shows such an internal combustion engine of a specific type 20, which is controlled via a control unit 10 in accordance with the state machine 12 stored therein.
- a controlled by the controller 10 starter 15 is used to start the internal combustion engine 20th
- different operating states of the internal combustion engine are summarized, which specify the higher-level operating state “motor control”; These are the operating states “Standby” 2-7 (optional), “Start” 2-8, “Normal operation” 2-9 and “Caster” 2-10.
- the first to third layers n 1 - 3, insofar as they relate to the internal combustion engine and not the control unit, represent only operating conditions which the internal combustion engine of a certain type, for example an Otto engine, with internal combustion engines of another type, for example with diesel engines , has in common.
- the fourth layer predominantly represents operating conditions that are specific to internal combustion engine of certain types, diesel engines or gasoline engines.
- the “standby” state 2-7 is designed as an energy-saving mode, in which certain electrically operated ancillary components of the internal combustion engine can be switched off.
- energy-saving mode in the "standby” state, communication via a network with other control devices is possible.
- a monitoring of the operating temperature of the internal combustion engine preceded by the fuel supply of the internal combustion engine, a monitoring of the throttle valve spring or a test of the emergency shutdown.
- the "standby" state is exited and the control of the internal combustion engine changes to a "ready” state.
- State 3-1 a start of the internal combustion engine 20 can then follow immediately.
- the starting point for the consideration of the state machine 12 described is preferably a situation in which a computer or a microcontroller in the control unit 10, on which a computer program for carrying out the claimed and described method runs, is switched off. If the control unit 10 is installed together with the internal combustion engine 20 in a vehicle, for example, the computer switched off as long as the doors of the vehicle, in particular the driver's door, is still closed or another defined wake-up event has not yet occurred. Such a "shutdown" state is in FIG. 2 designated by the reference numeral 1-1. However, as soon as the driver's door is opened in particular, a switch is actuated which causes the control unit 10 to leave this state 1-1 and to change over to a "reset" state 1-2.
- the controller 10 is set in a predefined initial state. From the "reset” state 1-2, the control unit 10 then automatically transitions to the state “booting" 1-3, in which the control unit is started up. Within the state “boot”, the controller 10 sequentially goes through the states “pre-initialization”, “speed initialization” 2-2 and "post-initialization” 2-3. After completing the state "booting” 1-1, the control unit 10 is again automatically in the state “initialization” 1-4 over, with various adjustments and in particular a pre-occupation of certain variables take place. This is done by going through the states “Standard Boats” 2-4, “Customer Boats" 2-5 and “OS Preparation” 2-6 sequentially.
- the engine is normally started after the ignition is turned on, as described in detail above.
- various conditions are usually preprogrammed in the occurrence of the internal combustion engine from the "standby" state 2-7 out not in the state “Ready” 3-1, but in the state “Shut down” 1-5 of the control unit 10 passes. This is especially the case when the "standby" state 2-7 has been entered after the caster state 2-9 has been exited.
- the control unit In the "shutdown” state, the control unit is prepared for its shutdown. When the shutdown state has been completed, the controller automatically returns to the shutdown state 1-1. However, if during the "shutdown” state the ignition is again turned on or another equivalent event should occur, the controller 10 transitions to the "reset” state 1-2 to automatically enter the state "as described above”. Boats ".
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Streuergerät um Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs gemäß einem Zustandsautomaten. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Computerprogramm und einen zustandsautomaten.The invention relates to a spreader for operating an internal combustion engine of a certain type according to a state machine. The invention further relates to a computer program and a state machine.
Zustandsautomaten sind im Stand der Technik und insbesondere in der Softwareentwicklung grundsätzlich bekannt. Allgemein gesprochen bilden sie verschiedene Zustände eines Systems bildlich ab. Die einzelnen Zustände des Systems werden dabei von Variablen und diesen zugeordneten Werten repräsentiert, die von Softwaremodulen abfragbar sind, siche z.B.
Bekannte Zustandsautomaten für Brennkraftmaschinen sind im Laufe der Zeit sukzessive gewachsen; sie wurden immer wieder bedarfsorientiert für spezielle Einzelanwendungen erweitert. Dies ist der Grund dafür, warum bestehende Zustandsautomaten für Brennkraftmaschinen heute sehr komplex und unhandlich sind. Wenn bekannte Zustandsautomaten für Einzelanwendungen in Verbindung mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines bestimmten Typs verwendet werden sollen, ist es heute unumgänglich, dass mit der Implementierung der bekannten Zustandsautomaten auch eine Vielzahl von Komponenten oder Teilsystemen mit installiert werden muss, die für die spezielle Einzelanwendung nicht unbedingt erforderlich wären.Known state machines for internal combustion engines have grown gradually over time; they have been repeatedly expanded according to demand for special individual applications. This is the reason why existing state machines for internal combustion engines today are very complex and unwieldy. If known state machines are to be used for individual applications in connection with internal combustion engines of a certain type, it is today essential that with the implementation of the known state machines a large number of components or subsystems must be installed, which would not be necessary for the specific individual application.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es deshalb die Aufgabe der Erfindung, das beschriebene bekannte Steuergerät derart weiterzubilden, dass eine einfache und schlanke Anpassung an verschiedene verwendete Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs möglich ist.Based on this prior art, it is therefore the object of the invention to further develop the described known control unit such that a simple and streamlined adaptation to different internal combustion engines of different types used is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Patentanspruch 1 beanspruchte Steuergerät gelöst. Demnach ist zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Schicht n und alle ihr in der hierarchischen Struktur des Zustandsautomaten vorgelagerten Schichten jeweils Betriebszustände repräsentieren, welche die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines anderen Typs gemeinsam hat und dass die weitere Schicht sowie alle ihr in der hierarchischen Struktur des Zustandsautomaten nachgelagerten Schichten jeweils Betriebszustände repräsentieren, die spezifisch sind für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs.This object is achieved by the claimed in claim 1 control unit. Accordingly, to achieve this object according to the invention provided that the layer n and all her in the hierarchical structure of the state machine upstream layers each represent operating states that the internal combustion engine of the specific type with Internal combustion engines of a different type in common and that the further layer and all downstream in the hierarchical structure of the state machine layers each represent operating conditions that are specific to the internal combustion engine of the specific type.
Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs sind insbesondere Dieselmaschinen oder Benzinmaschinen.Internal combustion engines of different types are in particular diesel engines or gasoline engines.
Durch die beanspruchte erfindungsgemäße Aufteilung der Schichten des Zustandsautomaten ist es bei einem Wechsel des Typs der verwendeten Brennkraftmaschine nur noch erforderlich, diejenigen Schichten im Zustandsautomaten auszutauschen oder anzupassen, die spezifisch sind für eine bestimmte Brennkraftmaschine. Alle anderen Schichten des Zustandsautomaten bleiben von dem Wechsel unberührt. Diese anderen Schichten/Teile der Software beziehungsweise der Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine, welche nur von den allgemeinen (wiederverwendbaren) Schichten des Zustandsautomaten abhängig sind, können ohne Anpassung bei verschiedenen Typen von Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt werden.Due to the claimed division of the layers of the state machine according to the invention, when changing the type of internal combustion engine used, it is only necessary to replace or adapt those layers in the state machine that are specific to a specific internal combustion engine. All other layers of the state machine remain untouched by the switch. These other layers / parts of the software or the control of the internal combustion engine, which are dependent only on the general (reusable) layers of the state machine, can be used without adaptation in various types of internal combustion engines.
Anders ausgedrückt: Bei einem Wechsel des Typs der verwendeten Brennkraftmaschine ist es nun nicht mehr erforderlich, den gesamten Zustandsautomaten, der grundsätzlich die Betriebszustände von einer Vielzahl von Brennkraftmaschinen unterschiedlichen Typs umfasst, zu übernehmen. Vielmehr ist es möglich, bei Verwendung eines neuen Brennkraftmaschinentyps zunächst nur diejenigen Schichten des Zustandsautomaten zu verwenden, welche Betriebszustände repräsentieren, die brennkraftmaschinen-übergreifend, das heißt typen-unabhängig sind. Von den weiteren Schichten des Zustandsautomaten brauchen dann nur diejenigen Schichten übernommen zu werden, die für die spezifische verwendete Brennkraftmaschine geeignet sind. Auch innerhalb einer ausgewählten weiteren Schicht können einzelne, nicht benötigte Betriebszustandsmodule eliminiert oder ausgetauscht werden. Andere weitere Schichten, die in dem Zustandsautomaten grundsätzlich verfügbar sind, können weggelassen werden. Auf diese Weise ist grundsätzlich eine schlanke Adaption des Zustandsautomaten an beliebige Anwendungsfälle möglich.In other words, when changing the type of internal combustion engine used, it is no longer necessary to adopt the entire state machine, which basically includes the operating states of a plurality of internal combustion engines of different types. Rather, it is possible to initially use only those layers of the state machine when using a new type of internal combustion engine, which Represent operating states that are internal combustion engine-spanning, that is type-independent. Of the further layers of the state machine then only those layers need to be taken, which are suitable for the specific internal combustion engine used. Even within a selected further layer, individual, unneeded operating state modules can be eliminated or replaced. Other other layers that are basically available in the state machine may be omitted. In this way, a lean adaptation of the state machine to any application is possible in principle.
Gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Zustandsautomat für die Brennkraftmaschine vier Schichten aufweist. Dabei repräsentiert die erste Schicht einen Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung". Als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" werden in der zweiten Schicht die Betriebszustände "Start", "Normalbetrieb" und "Nachlauf" definiert. Die dritte Schicht definiert wiederum Unterbetriebszustände zu den Betriebszuständen der Schicht 3. Sie umfasst die Zustände "Standby", "Bereit", "Startphase", "Leerlauf", "Gas geben", "Auslaufen" und "Beenden". Schließlich umfasst die vierte Schicht die Zustände "Vorglühen" oder "Nicht vorglühen" als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem Betriebszustand "Bereit" in der dritten Schicht. Wichtig bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist, dass die erste bis dritte Schicht Betriebszustände repräsentieren, welche für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs unspezifisch sind, und in der vierten Schicht Betriebszustände definiert sind, die für die Brennkraftmaschine des bestimmten Typs spezifisch sind.According to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the state machine for the internal combustion engine has four layers. In this case, the first layer represents an operating state "motor control". The operating states "start", "normal operation" and "overrun" are defined in the second layer as sub-operating states for the operating state "motor control". The third layer, in turn, defines sub-states for the operating states of
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Steuergerätes, wobei der Zustandsautomat so ausgebildet ist, dass ein Übergang zwischen einzelnen durch ihn repräsentierten Betriebszuständen nur unter bestimmten Bedingungen möglich ist, sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Steuergerät so ausgebildet ist, dass der Zustandsautomat nicht nur Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine, sondern auch verschiedene Betriebszustände eines Steuergerätes der Brennkraftmaschine abbildet.Further advantageous embodiments of the control device, wherein the state machine is designed so that a transition between individual operating conditions represented by it is possible only under certain conditions are the subject of the dependent claims. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control unit is designed such that the state machine not only maps operating states of the internal combustion engine but also various operating states of a control device of the internal combustion engine.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird weiterhin durch ein Computerprogramm für das Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine sowie durch den zantandsufornaten. Die Vorteile sowie durch den Zustandsautomaten selber gelöst. Die Vorteile dieser Lösungen der Aufgabe entsprechen den oben unter Bezugnahme auf das erfindungsgemäße Steuergerät beschriebenen Vorteilen.The object of the invention is further by a computer program for the control unit of the internal combustion engine and by the zantandsufornaten. The advantages and solved by the state machine itself. The advantages of these solutions to the object correspond to the advantages described above with reference to the control device according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend detailliert unter Bezugnahme auf die der Beschreibung beigefügten
- Figur 1
- die hierarchische Grundstruktur des erfindungsgemäßen Zustandsautomaten;
Figur 2- die durch den Zustandsautomaten abgebildeten Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine und des Steuergerätes für die Brennkraftmaschine;
Figur 3- ein Steuergerät und eine Brennkraftmaschine; und
Figur 4- allgemeine hierarchisch strukturierte Schichten eines Zustandsautomaten
- FIG. 1
- the hierarchical basic structure of the state machine according to the invention;
- FIG. 2
- the operating states of the internal combustion engine and the control device for the internal combustion engine mapped by the state machine;
- FIG. 3
- a control device and an internal combustion engine; and
- FIG. 4
- general hierarchical structured layers of a state machine
Figur 3 zeigt eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs 20, die über ein Steuergerät 10 gemäß dem darin abgespeicherten Zustandsautomaten 12 angesteuert wird. Ein von dem Steuergerät 10 angesteuerter Starter 15 dient zum Starten der Brennkraftmaschine 20.FIG. 3 shows such an internal combustion engine of a specific type 20, which is controlled via a control unit 10 in accordance with the state machine 12 stored therein. A controlled by the controller 10 starter 15 is used to start the internal combustion engine 20th
Die in
Der oberste Betriebszustand in der Schicht n = 1 lautet "Motoransteuerung" 1-6. In einer darunter liegenden Schicht n = 2 sind verschiedene Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine zusammengefasst, welche den übergeordneten Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" spezifizieren; es handelt sich dabei um die Betriebszustände "Standby" 2-7 (optional), "Start" 2-8, "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 und "Nachlauf" 2-10. Unter der Bezeichnung "Start" sind alle Unterbetriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine zusammengefasst, welche dazu dienen, die Brennkraftmaschine für den Start vorzubereiten sowie den Start durchzuführen. Bei diesen Unterbetriebszuständen handelt es sich um die Zustände "Bereit" 3-1 und "Startphase" 3-2, welche in einer Schicht n=3 spezifiziert sind. Ebenfalls in der dritten Schicht n=3 sind die Unterbetriebszustände "Leerlauf" 3-3 und,"Gasgeben" 3-4 als Unterbetriebszustände für den übergeordneten Zustand "Normalbetrieb" 2-9 in der zweiten Schicht n=2 beschrieben. Die dritte Schicht n = 3 umfasst die Zustände "Anlaufen" 3-5 und "Beenden" 3-6 als Unterbetriebszustände zu dem übergeordneten Betriebszustand "Nachlauf" 2-9 der Brennkraftmaschine, wie er in der zweiten Schicht genannt ist. Schließlich weist der in
Erfindungsgemäß repräsentieren die erste bis dritte Schicht n=1 - 3, soweit sie die Brennkraftmaschine und nicht das Steuergerät betreffen, lediglich Betriebszustände, welche die Brennkraftmaschine eines bestimmten Typs, zum Beispiel eines Otto-Motors, mit Brennkraftmaschinen eines anderen Typs, zum Beispiel mit Dieselmaschinen, gemeinsam hat. Demgegenüber repräsentiert die vierte Schicht vorwiegend Betriebszustände, die für Brennkraftmaschine bestimmter Typen, Dieselmotoren oder Otto-Motoren spezifisch sind.According to the invention, the first to third layers n = 1 - 3, insofar as they relate to the internal combustion engine and not the control unit, represent only operating conditions which the internal combustion engine of a certain type, for example an Otto engine, with internal combustion engines of another type, for example with diesel engines , has in common. In contrast, the fourth layer predominantly represents operating conditions that are specific to internal combustion engine of certain types, diesel engines or gasoline engines.
Die einzelnen bisher genannten Betriebszustände und die möglichen Übergänge zwischen diesen Betriebszuständen während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine werden nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf
Im Rahmen des Zustandes "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 ist, wie aus
Wenn während des "Standby"-Zustandes 2-7 die Zündung des Fahrzeugs beziehungsweise der Brennkraftmaschine eingeschaltet wird oder eine andere äquivalente Information an das Steuergerät gegeben wird, wird der "Standby"-Zustand verlassen und die Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine wechselt in einen "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1; ein Start der Brennkraftmaschine 20 kann dann unmittelbar folgen. In dem "Bereit"-Zustand kann zum Beispiel noch eine Überwachung von Leistungsverbrauchern erfolgen; bei Dieselmaschinen könnte in dem "Bereit"-Zustand gemäß einer darunter liegenden Schicht n=4 die Durchführung des Vorglühprozesses stattfinden. Sobald dann jedoch der Starter 15 für die Brennkraftmaschine aktiviert wird und eine Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine, die größer als ein vorgegebener Schwellenwert Thr0 ist, festgestellt wird, wird dieser "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1 verlassen und die Brennkraftmaschine wechselt in den "Startphase"-Zustand 3-2. Alternativ dazu erfolgt dann, wenn während des "Bereit"-Zustandes 3-1 die Zündung abgeschaltet wird, kein Übergang in den "Startphase"-Zustand, sondern ein Übergang in den Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5.If, during the "standby" state 2-7, the ignition of the vehicle or the internal combustion engine is turned on or other equivalent information is given to the control unit, the "standby" state is exited and the control of the internal combustion engine changes to a "ready" state. State 3-1; a start of the internal combustion engine 20 can then follow immediately. In the "ready" state, for example, monitoring of power consumers can still take place; in diesel engines, in the "ready" state according to an underlying layer n = 4, the preheating process could take place. However, as soon as the starter 15 for the internal combustion engine is activated and a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine which is greater than a predetermined threshold Thr0 is determined, this "ready" state 3-1 is left and the internal combustion engine changes into the "starting phase". Condition 3-2. Alternatively, when the ignition is turned off during the "ready" state 3-1, there is no transition to the ignition "Start phase" state, but a transition to the state "phasing out" 3-5.
Der Zustand "Startphase" 3-2 dient dazu, die Brennkraftmaschine aus eigener Kraft zum Laufen zu bringen. Wenn dies nicht gelingt, das heißt, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine "abgewürgt" wird, was soviel bedeutet, als dass die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine für eine bestimmte Mindestzeit unterhalb eines vorgebbaren Schwellenwertes Thr1 bleibt, erfolgt ein Rücksprung in den "Bereit"-Zustand 3-1. Wird dagegen die Startphase erfolgreich abgeschlossen, das heißt, erhöht sich die Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine über einen vorgebbaren zweiten Schwellenwert Thr2, so erfolgt ein Übergang innerhalb der zweiten Schicht n=2 des Zustandsautomaten 12 von dem Betriebszustand "Start" 2-8 in den Betriebszustand "Normalbetrieb" 2-9.The state "start phase" 3-2 serves to make the internal combustion engine run on its own. If this does not succeed, that is, if the internal combustion engine is "strangled", which means that the engine speed for a certain minimum time remains below a predetermined threshold Thr1, a return to the "ready" state 3-1 , If, on the other hand, the start phase is successfully completed, that is to say if the speed of the internal combustion engine increases beyond a predefinable second threshold value Thr2, a transition takes place within the second layer n = 2 of the state machine 12 from the operating state "start" 2-8 into the operating state. Normal operation "2-9.
Genauer gesagt erfolgt dann nach der Startphase zunächst ein Übergang der Brennkraftmaschine in einen "Leerlauf"-Zustand 3-3 in der dritten Schicht n = 3 des Zustandsautomaten, wie dies in der
Sobald der Zustand "Nachlauf" beendet ist, wechselt die Maschine innerhalb der zweiten Schicht in den Zustand "Standby" 2-7. Dieses Verhalten gilt dann, wenn während des Zustandes "Nachlauf" 2-10 die Zündung nicht wieder eingeschaltet wird.As soon as the state "Caster" has ended, the machine changes to the state "Standby" 2-7 within the second shift. This behavior applies if the ignition is not switched on again during the condition "caster" 2-10.
Wenn die Zündung jedoch während dieses Zustandes "Nachlauf" 2-10 in der zweiten Schicht n = 2 wieder eingeschaltet wird, gibt es drei alternative Vorgehensweisen für die Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine. Eine erste Alternative besteht darin, dass die Brennkraftmaschine innerhalb der zweiten Schicht n = 2 von dem Zustand "Nachlauf" 2-10 in den Zustand "Start" 2-8 wechselt. Bezogen auf die dritte Schicht n = 3 ist es für diesen Wechsel unerheblich, ob sich die Brennkraftmaschine 20 beim Wiederanschalten der Zündung in dem Zustand "Auslaufen" 3-5 oder in dem Zustand "Beenden" 3-6 befindet; in beiden Fällen geht die Brennkraftmaschine bei Anschalten der Zündung über in den Zustand "Bereit" 3-1. Alternativ dazu besteht die Möglichkeit, den Zustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6 zu verlassen und in einen "Reset"-Zustand 1-2 des Steuergerätes 10 für die Brennkraftmaschine 20 überzugehen. Als dritte Alternative besteht die Möglichkeit, in einen Zustand "Abgeschaltet" 1-1 des Steuergerätes 10 überzugehen.However, when the ignition is turned on again during this "caster" condition 2-10 in the second layer n = 2, there are three alternative approaches to controlling the internal combustion engine. A first alternative is that the internal combustion engine within the second layer n = 2 changes from the state "caster" 2-10 to the state "start" 2-8. With respect to the third layer n = 3, it is irrelevant for this change whether the internal combustion engine 20 is in the state "phasing out" 3-5 or in the state "terminating" 3-6 when the ignition is switched back on; in both cases, the Internal combustion engine when the ignition is switched to the "Ready" state 3-1. Alternatively, it is possible to leave the state "motor control" 1-6 and to go into a "reset" state 1-2 of the control unit 10 for the internal combustion engine 20. As a third alternative, it is possible to change to a state "switched off" 1-1 of the control unit 10.
Neben dem Betriebszustand "Motoransteuerung" 1-6, der, wie beschrieben, alle wesentlichen Betriebszustände der Brennkraftmaschine umfasst, kann der Zustandsautomat 12 auch verschiedene Betriebszustände des Steuergerätes 10 für die Brennkraftmaschine umfassen. Dabei handelt es sich wie in
Die Übergänge zwischen diesen einzelnen Zuständen des Steuergerätes 10 der Brennkraftmaschine und auch die Übergänge zwischen diesen Zuständen und den oben beschriebenen Zuständen der Brennkraftmaschine werden nachfolgend kurz beschrieben.The transitions between these individual states of the control unit 10 of the internal combustion engine and also the transitions between these states and the above-described states of the internal combustion engine will be briefly described below.
Ausgangspunkt für die Betrachtung des beschriebenen Zustandsautomaten 12 ist vorzugsweise eine Situation, bei der ein Computer beziehungsweise ein Mikrocontroller in dem Steuergerät 10, auf welchem ein Computerprogramm zur Durchführung des beanspruchten und beschriebenen Verfahrens abläuft, ausgeschaltet ist. Sofern das Steuergerät 10 zusammen mit der Brennkraftmaschine 20 in ein Fahrzeug eingebaut ist, ist der Computer beispielsweise dann ausgeschaltet, solange die Türen des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere die Fahrertür, noch geschlossen ist oder ein anderes definiertes Aufweckereignis noch nicht eingetreten ist. Ein derartiger "Abgeschaltet"-Zustand ist in
Von dem Zustand "Standby" 2-7 wird die Brennkraftmaschine normalerweise nach dem Einschalten der Zündung gestartet, wie dies oben ausführlich beschrieben wurde. Darüber hinaus sind jedoch in der Regel auch verschiedene Bedingungen vorprogrammiert, bei deren Eintreten die Brennkraftmaschine aus dem "Standby"-Zustand 2-7 heraus nicht in den Zustand "Bereit" 3-1, sondern in den Zustand "Herunterfahren" 1-5 des Steuergerätes 10 übergeht. Dies ist insbesondere dann der Fall, wenn der "Standby"-Zustand 2-7 eingenommen wurde, nachdem der Nachlauf-Zustand 2-9 verlassen wurde. In dem Zustand "Herunterfahren" wird das Steuergerät auf seine Abschaltung hin vorbereitet. Wenn der Zustand "Herunterfahren" beendet worden ist, geht das Steuergerät automatisch wieder in den Zustand "Abgeschaltet" 1-1 über. Wenn jedoch während des Zustandes "Herunterfahren" die Zündung wieder eingeschaltet werden oder ein anderes äquivalentes Ereignis eintreten sollte, geht das Steuergerät 10 in den Zustand "Reset" 1-2 über, um von dort aus automatisch, wie oben beschrieben, in den Zustand "Booten" überzugehen.From the standby state 2-7, the engine is normally started after the ignition is turned on, as described in detail above. In addition, however, various conditions are usually preprogrammed in the occurrence of the internal combustion engine from the "standby" state 2-7 out not in the state "Ready" 3-1, but in the state "Shut down" 1-5 of the control unit 10 passes. This is especially the case when the "standby" state 2-7 has been entered after the caster state 2-9 has been exited. In the "shutdown" state, the control unit is prepared for its shutdown. When the shutdown state has been completed, the controller automatically returns to the shutdown state 1-1. However, if during the "shutdown" state the ignition is again turned on or another equivalent event should occur, the controller 10 transitions to the "reset" state 1-2 to automatically enter the state "as described above". Boats ".
Claims (26)
- Controller (10) for operating a particular type of internal combustion engine (20), wherein the controller comprises a state machine (12), the state machine (12) predefines various possible operating states of the internal combustion engine (20) and predefines permitted transitions between the operating states (20), and wherein the operating states in the state machine (12) are grouped into a plurality of layers (1, ...n, n+1, ...N), and layers (1, ...n, n+1, ...N) are hierarchically structured in such a way that at least one layer (n) has positioned after it at least one further layer (n+1) which comprises at least one sub-operating state for an operating state which is assigned to the layer (n),
characterized in that
the layer (n) and the layers (0, ...n-1) which precede it in the hierarchical structure of the state machine (12) each represent operating states which are not specific to the particular internal combustion engine (20); and the further layer (n+1) as well as all of the layers (n+2, ...N) which are positioned after it in the hierarchical structure of the state machine (12) each represent operating states which are specific to the internal combustion engine (20) of the particular type. - Controller (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises an "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state in a layer which is not specific to the particular internal combustion engine, and in that the state machine also comprises the states: "start" (2-8), "normal operating mode" (2-9), "run-on" (2-10), "ready" (3-1), "starting phase" (3-2), "idling" (3-3), "accelerate" (3-4), "coast" (3-5) and "end" (3-6), wherein- the "start" (2-8), "normal operating mode" (2-9) and "run-on" (2-10) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state,- the "idling" (3-3) and "accelerate" (3-4) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state, and- the "coast" (3-5) and "end" (3-6) operating states constitute sub-operating states with respect to the "run-on" (2-10) operating state.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits- a transition from the "ready" (3-1) operating state into the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state only if activation of a starter (15) is detected, and- permits a transition from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state back into the "ready" (3-1) operating state only if a rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (20) is lower than a first predefinable threshold value (Thr1) for a predefinable time period.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises a "standby" (2-7) operating state which is superordinate to the "ready" (3-1) operating state, and the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "standby" (2-7) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state if the ignition for the internal combustion engine is switched on.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises the "preheating" and "non-preheating" operating states.
- Controller (10) according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "coast" (3-5) operating state into "end" (3-6) operating state only if the ignition is switched off and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is lower than a third threshold value (Thr3) close to zero.
- Controller (10) according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "start" (2-8) operating state directly into the "run-on" (2-10) operating state if the ignition is switched off or information which is equivalent hereto is transmitted to the controller (10).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "ready" (3-1) operating state or from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state into the "coast" (3-5) operating state if the ignition is switched off or equivalent information is transmitted to the controller.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "start" (2-8) operating state directly into the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds a predefined second threshold value (Thr2).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "starting phase" (3-2) operating state into the "idling" (3-3) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine exceeds the second threshold value (Thr2).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state directly into the "start" (2-8) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine drops below a predefined first threshold value (Thr1).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "normal operating mode" (2-9) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine drops below the first threshold value (Thr1).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "run-on" (2-10) operating state directly into the "start" (2-8) operating state if the ignition is switched on again.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 13, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition either from the "coast" (3-5) operating state or from the "end" (3-6) operating state into the "ready" (3-1) operating state when the ignition is switched on again; or in that the state machine (12) permits a transition either from the "coast" (3-5) operating state or from the "end" (3-6) operating state into the "standby" (2-7) operating state when the run-on is ended.
- Controller (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises not only the operating states of the internal combustion engine but also operating states of the controller (10).
- Controller (10) according to Claim 15, characterized in that the state machine (12) comprises, as operating states of the controller (10), the "switched-off" (1-1) operating state, "reset" (1-2) operating state, "boot" (1-3) operating state, "initialization" (1-4) operating state and "powering down" (1-5) operating state.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "switched-off" (1-1) operating state into the "reset" (1-2) operating state if the controller (10) is switched on, in particular by activating a switch in a door of the vehicle in which the controller (10) is installed.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "initialization" (1-4) operating state into the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state or an operating state which is positioned after the "engine actuation" (1-6) operating state if the initialization is terminated.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 18, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "initialization" (1-4) operating state into one of the "standby" (2-7) or "start" (2-8) or "ready" (3-1) operating states.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "standby" (2-8) operating state of the internal combustion engine (20) into the "powering down" (1-5) operating state of the controller.
- Controller (10) according to Claim 16, characterized in that the state machine (12) permits a transition from the "run-on" (2-10) operating state into one of the "reset" (1-2), "boot" (1-3) or "initialization" (1-4) operating states if the ignition has been switched off and switched on again.
- Controller (10) according to one of Claims 16-21, characterized in that the "boot" (1-3) operating state comprises the "standard boot" (2-1), "customized boot" (2-2) and "operating system preparation" (2-3) sub-operating states.
- Controller (10) according to one of Claims 16-22, characterized in that the "initialization" (1-4) operating state comprises the "pre-initialization" (2-4), "rotational-speed initialization" (2-5) and "post-initialization" (2-6) sub-operating states which are run through sequentially in the specified order during the initialization process.
- Computer program for a controller (10) of an internal combustion engine (20) in a motor vehicle, having program code which is suitable for implementing the state machine (12) embodied in the controller (10), according to one of Claims 1-23, when the computer program is executed on the controller (10).
- Computer program according to Claim 24, wherein the program code is stored on a computer-readable data carrier.
- State machine (12) in a controller (10) of an internal combustion engine (20), wherein the state machine is embodied according to the features of at least one of Claims 1 to 23.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10308459 | 2003-02-21 | ||
DE10308459A DE10308459A1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2003-02-21 | Method, computer program and control device for operating an internal combustion engine |
PCT/EP2004/050166 WO2004074665A1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-02-19 | Method, computer program and controller for operating an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1597469A1 EP1597469A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
EP1597469B1 true EP1597469B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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EP04712567A Expired - Lifetime EP1597469B1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-02-19 | Controller, computer program and state machine in a controller for operating an internal combustion engine |
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US (1) | US7337060B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1597469B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4489754B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101033079B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100400835C (en) |
DE (1) | DE10308459A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004074665A1 (en) |
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DE102008043389A1 (en) † | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Method for operating an electronic control unit of a vehicle |
DE102015208770A1 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2016-11-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | motor vehicle |
US10947914B2 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2021-03-16 | Cummins Inc. | Reference value engine control systems and methods |
EP3362662A4 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2019-07-03 | Cummins Inc. | Reference value engine control systems and methods |
CN108779729B (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2021-11-30 | 康明斯公司 | System for controlling internal combustion engine and controller |
WO2017065755A1 (en) | 2015-10-14 | 2017-04-20 | Cummins Inc. | Reference value engine control systems and methods |
US10186789B1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-01-22 | Rustcraft Industries LLC | Keyed cable and connector system |
CN113942497A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-18 | 长春一汽富晟集团有限公司 | Image fusion parking controller state machine skipping method |
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JPS5925055A (en) * | 1982-08-03 | 1984-02-08 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Air-fuel ratio control device |
US4658789A (en) * | 1985-01-31 | 1987-04-21 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Ignition timing control system and method for an internal combustion engine |
US4980845A (en) * | 1985-08-23 | 1990-12-25 | Snap-On Tools Corporation | Digital engine analyzer |
DE4111023C2 (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 2003-11-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Electronic system for a vehicle |
DE19709318C2 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 2000-08-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Control system for a vehicle |
US6009372A (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 1999-12-28 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Management of programming and memory space for an internal combustion engine control system |
DE19751977C2 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-01 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Control for the boost pressure of a supercharged internal combustion engine |
DE19850587A1 (en) | 1998-11-03 | 2000-05-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
DE19937194A1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-02-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for operating an internal combustion engine |
JP2002347479A (en) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-04 | Denso Corp | Vehicle integrated control system |
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2003
- 2003-02-21 DE DE10308459A patent/DE10308459A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-19 CN CNB2004800048791A patent/CN100400835C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-19 WO PCT/EP2004/050166 patent/WO2004074665A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-02-19 JP JP2006500116A patent/JP4489754B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-19 KR KR1020057015280A patent/KR101033079B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-19 US US10/545,127 patent/US7337060B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-19 EP EP04712567A patent/EP1597469B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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HAREL D: "STATECHARTS: A VISUAL FORMALISM FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS", SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING, ELSEVIER BV, NL, vol. 8, no. 3, 1 June 1987 (1987-06-01), pages 231 - 274, XP001191242, ISSN: 0167-6423, DOI: 10.1016/0167-6423(87)90035-9 * |
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DE10308459A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
US7337060B2 (en) | 2008-02-26 |
CN1754039A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
EP1597469A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
WO2004074665A1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
KR20050103231A (en) | 2005-10-27 |
CN100400835C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
US20070106452A1 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
JP2006519951A (en) | 2006-08-31 |
KR101033079B1 (en) | 2011-05-06 |
JP4489754B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
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