EP1594927A2 - Polymer-modified nanoparticles - Google Patents
Polymer-modified nanoparticlesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1594927A2 EP1594927A2 EP03782167A EP03782167A EP1594927A2 EP 1594927 A2 EP1594927 A2 EP 1594927A2 EP 03782167 A EP03782167 A EP 03782167A EP 03782167 A EP03782167 A EP 03782167A EP 1594927 A2 EP1594927 A2 EP 1594927A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- nanoparticles
- modified nanoparticles
- water
- modified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/205—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/02—Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C09C1/027—Barium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/10—Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
Definitions
- the invention relates to polymer-modified nanoparticles, processes for their production and their use.
- Inverse microemulsions are very suitable as a template phase for the production of nanoparticles.
- problems arise when working up the nanoparticles formed from the inverse microemulsion or from the inadequate stability of the surfactant film. This leads to uncontrolled particle growth and the formation of significantly larger particles, the particle dimensions of which exceed the size of the reactor drops. The result is polydisperse nanoparticles. If you want to avoid this problem, you either have to increase the stability of the surfactant film without changing the droplet size, or control the size growth by adding growth-regulating substances.
- the object of the present invention is to develop polymer-stabilized nanoparticles which can be redispersed without problems and to provide a process for producing polymer-stabilized nanoparticles.
- the task is solved by providing polymer-modified nanoparticles.
- the object is further achieved by a process for the production of polymer-modified nanoparticles or nanostructured composite materials.
- the present invention relates to polymer-modified nanoparticles, obtainable by mixing at least two polymer-modified ternary microemulsions containing the reaction components for the formation of nanoparticles and subsequent processing and redispersion of the polymer-modified nanoparticles formed.
- reaction components for the nanoparticle formation are selected from at least two reaction components, for example metal salts and / or reducing agents.
- the reaction components to be used for the formation of metal nanoparticles are preferably metal salts of the metals platinum, iridium, gold, silver, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, rhenium, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, such as, for example, HAuCl 4 , AgN0 3 , CuS0 4 and the corresponding reducing agents, such as NaBH4 or Na citrate.
- Reaction components to be used for semiconductor materials are metal halides, such as CdC12, and the corresponding sulfides or selenides, such as (NH 4 ) 2 S and (NH 4 ) 2 Se.
- the reaction components to be used for the formation of nanoparticles are different salts which form salts which are difficult or difficult to dissolve. BaC12, CaC12 on the one hand and Na2S04, Na3P04 on the other are suitable.
- the present invention thus relates to polymer-modified nanoparticles which can be obtained by adding at least one water-soluble polymer to a ternary microemulsion and working up and then redispersing the polymer-modified nanoparticles formed therefrom.
- the water-soluble polymers are selected, for example, from polyvinylpyrrolidones, polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl acetates, polypropylene glycols and polyelectrolytes and from combinations of the aforementioned polymers.
- the water-soluble polymers are polyelectrolytes which have cationic, anionic or amphoteric functional groups.
- a particularly preferred polyelectrolyte is, for example, poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAO). It is further preferred according to the invention that the molar mass of the polyelectrolytes is 1,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol.
- the tertiary microemulsion consists of water, surfactants and longer-chain alcohols. It is further preferred that the surfactants are ionic surfactants with cationic, anionic or amphoteric head groups.
- the longer-chain alcohol has 4 to 12 carbon atoms. It is also particularly preferred that the longer-chain alcohol 'has 5 to 8 carbon atoms. It is particularly preferred that the longer chain alcohol is heptanol.
- the processing of the nanoparticles is selected, for example, from the following processes or their combinations, such as evaporation of the solvent (s), temperature-induced precipitation, ultrafiltration.
- the system goes through various stages of self-organization (e.g. liquid crystalline or crystalline phases).
- solvents e.g. alcohol and water
- mild conditions e.g. 30 ° C in a vacuum drying cabinet
- the redispersion of the nanoparticles formed takes place in aqueous solution.
- the particle dimension of the nanoparticles formed is retained, increased or reduced unchanged by the workup and redispersion.
- Another object of the present invention is a method for producing polymer-modified nanoparticles, wherein at least one water-soluble polymer is added to a ternary microemulsion and the polymer-modified nanoparticles formed therefrom are worked up and then redispersed. The work-up takes place, for example, with evaporation of the solvent phase and subsequent redispersion in water.
- the water-soluble polymers are selected, for example, from polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyethylene oxides, polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl acetates, polypropylene glycols and polyelectrolytes and from combinations of the aforementioned polymers.
- the water-soluble polymers are polyelectrolytes. It is preferred that these have cationic, anionic or amphoteric functional groups.
- a particularly preferred polyelectrolyte is, for example, poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC).
- the molar mass of the polyelectrolytes is 1,000 to 1,000,000 g / mol.
- the ternary microemulsion consists of water, surfactants and longer-chain alcohols. It is preferred that the surfactants are ionic surfactants with cationic, anionic or amphoteric head groups.
- Alcohol has 4 to 12 carbon atoms. Particularly It is preferred that the longer-chain alcohol has 5 to 8 carbon atoms. It is very particularly preferred that the longer chain alcohol is heptanol.
- a method is preferred according to the invention, the processing of the nanoparticles being selected, for example, from the following methods or their combinations, such as evaporation of the solvent (s), temperature-induced precipitation, ultrafiltration.
- a method according to the invention is particularly preferred, the redispersion of the nanoparticles formed taking place in aqueous solution.
- the redispersion of the nanoparticles encased by the surfactant polymer layer takes place in aqueous solution, the original particle size being retained.
- a method according to the invention is particularly preferred, the particle dimension of the nanoparticles formed being retained, increased or reduced unchanged by the workup and redispersion.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of the polymer-modified nanoparticles according to the invention as semiconductor materials, nanocrystalline metals or nanostructured composite materials.
- Another object of the present invention is the use of the nanoparticles produced according to the inventive method as semiconductor materials, nanocrystalline metals or nanostructured composite materials.
- water-soluble polymer and “polyelectrolytes” are known per se to the person skilled in the art. Water-soluble polymers and polyelectrolytes which are suitable according to the invention are described in detail, for example, in “Industrial Water Soluble Polymers” (CA. Finch, (ed.), The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1996), “Synthetic Water-Soluble Polymers in Solution "(EA Bekturov, Z.Kh. Bakauova, Wegig & Wepf Verlag, Basel, 1986), which are hereby incorporated as a reference.
- An essential aspect of the invention is based on the fact that the formation of nanoparticles in inverse microemulsions (consisting of alcohol / water / surfactant) is carried out in the presence of polymers, and after evaporation of the solvents, polymer-modified nanoparticles are redispersed.
- the "workup" and the "redispersion” are essential to the invention process steps.
- a surfactant film stabilization by interaction of the polymers with the surfactant head groups • a size-regulating function by WW of the polymers with the nanoparticles that form, a stabilizing function for the nanoparticles formed by polymer adsorption
- these effects can have different effects.
- non-Coulomb interaction forces e.g. H-bridge bonds
- the resulting polymer-modified nanoparticles are "sterically" stabilized by a polymer adsorption layer. This means that if the polymer adsorption layers overlap, there is an additional repulsion between the polymer-modified nanoparticles due to an enthalpic and / or entropic effect.
- the WW are primarily electrostatic in nature.
- the resulting polyelectrolyte-modified nanoparticles are “electrosterically” stabilized on the basis of a polyelectrolyte adsorption layer. That is, in addition to the steric effect already discussed, there is an electrostatic repulsion effect Use of the method according to the invention in the production of nanoparticles with defined and previously determined properties, which is surprising for the person skilled in the art.
- the system goes through an anisotropic, lyotropic, liquid-crystalline phase.
- this process step can subsequently influence the particle size of the nanoparticles.
- the measured particle size after redispersion can also be significantly influenced by the energy input during the redispersion process (e.g. ultrasound treatment), which is of course also intended.
- the energy input during the redispersion process e.g. ultrasound treatment
- an inverse microemulsion consisting of water, alcohol and ionic surfactant serves as the template phase.
- a water-soluble polymer is first added to the inverse microemulsion without phase separation starting.
- the particle formation process is then triggered in the polymer-modified microemulsion.
- the optically clear solution is gently evaporated so that a white powder results.
- a re- dispersion in water with subsequent ultrasound treatment leads to an optically clear solution.
- a subsequent drying process can be used to form supramolecularly structured composite structures.
- ⁇ El and ⁇ E2 Two microemulsions ( ⁇ El and ⁇ E2) were used in a volume of 2 ml of the same basic composition (heptanol / surfactant (3- (N, N-dimethyldodecylammino) propane sulfonate) / water).
- heptanol / surfactant 3- (N, N-dimethyldodecylammino) propane sulfonate
- BaC12 was mixed in and in the aqueous phase of the ⁇ E2 Na2S04.
- PDADMAC cationic polyelectrolyte poly (diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride)
- the ⁇ El and ⁇ E2 were now mixed.
- the optically clear solutions were then dried for 2 days in a vacuum drying cabinet at 30 ° C. over P205.
- the resulting powder was then re-dispersed in water in an ultrasonic bath.
- the redispersed BaS04 nanoparticles (0.03 g powder in 10 g water) were then analyzed using dynamic light scattering to determine the particle size (zeta sizer 1000 HS; Malvern) or the surface charge (capillary electrophoresis, Zetasizer 4, Malvern).
- Microemulsion composition 90% heptanol; 5% aqueous phase *
- Microemulsion composition 90% heptanol 5% aqueous phase *
- Microemulsion composition 60% heptanol 20% aqueous phase *
- Microemulsion composition 86% heptanol 8% aqueous phase * 6% surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate)
- microemulsions ( ⁇ El to ⁇ E4) per lg of the same basic composition (heptanol / surfactant / water) were prepared and mixed by varying the aqueous phase. The subsequent workup was carried out in analogy to Examples 1 to 4.
- ⁇ El aqueous phase: 4% PDADMAC solution
- ⁇ E2 aqueous phase: 0.1 M
- ⁇ E3 aqueous phase: 0.06 M NaH 2 P0 solution
- ⁇ E4 aqueous phase: 0.1 M NaOH solution
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10261806 | 2002-12-19 | ||
DE2002161806 DE10261806A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2002-12-19 | Polymer-modified nanoparticles |
PCT/DE2003/004202 WO2004056928A2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-18 | Polymer-modified nanoparticles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1594927A2 true EP1594927A2 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=32404399
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03782167A Withdrawn EP1594927A2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2003-12-18 | Polymer-modified nanoparticles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1594927A2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003289840A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10261806A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004056928A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009010670A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-30 | Philipps-Universität Marburg | Producing metal-containing nanoparticles coated with polymers, useful e.g. for producing inks, comprises preparing anionic macro-initiator solution, adding monomer, polymerizing, and adding sulfide and organo-soluble metal salt solution |
DE102009006942A1 (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-05 | Philipps-Universität Marburg | Producing polymer coated metal containing nanoparticles, comprises forming anionic macroinitiators solution in solvent, adding polymerizable monomer, polymerizing, adding sulfide, metal salt and homogeneous reducing agent and precipitating |
US20120302703A1 (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2012-11-29 | Philipps-Universitaet Marburg | Method for Producing Metal-containing Nanoparticles Enveloped with Polymers and Particles that can be Obtained Therefrom |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19934169A1 (en) * | 1999-07-21 | 2001-01-25 | Henkel Kgaa | Stable cosmetic and/or dermatological preparations useful e.g. for combating blemished skin and treating seborrhea, acne vulgaris or seborrheic eczema, comprises nanoparticulate sulfur |
DE10005685A1 (en) * | 2000-02-09 | 2001-08-23 | Sachtleben Chemie Gmbh | Barium sulfate, process for its preparation and its use |
DE10026791A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-06 | Solvay Barium Strontium Gmbh | Micronized barium sulfate |
DE10027948A1 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2001-12-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Production of suspension of undecomposed meltable material used in e.g. the pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries comprises preparing emulsion from material, liquid phase and surface modifying agent, and cooling |
DE10027950B4 (en) * | 2000-06-08 | 2007-05-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Aqueous suspension of nanoparticulate photoprotective filters, process for their preparation and their use and preparations |
-
2002
- 2002-12-19 DE DE2002161806 patent/DE10261806A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-12-18 WO PCT/DE2003/004202 patent/WO2004056928A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-18 AU AU2003289840A patent/AU2003289840A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-18 EP EP03782167A patent/EP1594927A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004056928A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2004056928A3 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
AU2003289840A8 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
WO2004056928A2 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
DE10261806A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
AU2003289840A1 (en) | 2004-07-14 |
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Legal Events
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Effective date: 20050906 |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: PETER, MARTIN Inventor name: KOSMELLA, SABINE Inventor name: BAHNEMANN, JENNIFA Inventor name: KOETZ, JOACHIM |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20071214 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110118 |