EP1592943A2 - The new type of tank supplied with the mechanisms and equipment improving armour protection, firepower and mobility - Google Patents

Abstract

The new type of tank supplied with the mechanisms and equipment improving armour protection, firepower and mobility, whose turret and bull are made up of several layers, where the outermost steel armour is covered with a hard metal Iayer and the modification of the crystal structure of the steel armour plates, furthermore the construction by yoking from steel armour of multi-layer thin plates increases the armour protection, and balloons that can be pulled out under the bottom plate of the hull and are fiIlable with compressed air and screw propellers placed at the rear of the bull serve to make this tank able to float, and is equipped with climbing-pulling mechanisms to surmount obstacles steeper than 60 and those being on slippery terrain, and to span trenches exceeding 3,5 metres and to surmount obstacles higher than 1,5 metres it is equipped with a hydraulic supporting-holding mechanism, furthermore to detect and find the position of mines it is equipped with a pneumatically or hydraulically moved mine detector and instead of a tank gun or a gun it is equipped with a high-performance and, high-energy laser weapon.

Description

The øe type of tank supplied with the mechanisms and equi ment improving stranwr p €tto firepower end «n»bϊlity

Tanks continue to act an important and indispensable ar in modern warfare, since upon occupying the tactical fields they, comprise the backbone of the ground forces and represent a tactical power of determinate importance, ϊi is un erstan able that the construction of newer types of modem and up-to-date tanks plays a significant role in the field of military technique- developments.

The main trend of the developments is to increase the firepower, the mobility and the armour protection of the tanks, to improve the performance and reliability of the observing, operating and laying equipment and devices and to employ more and more wrMo-date, high-performance, computer controlled mechanisms. As a result of developments aiming to increase firepower, the weight of the tanks, being presently in service, has significantly increased (e.g, an Ml A2 tank weighs 6 tons), which, i the first place, derives from the increased armour protection, but this circumstance necessitated the use of a higher jertftrmanee and heavier-weight resource. All these circumstances have the disadvantage of making the mobility of the eomhat vehicle more difficult: and in order to reach the optimal operative range they necessitate the storage of a bigger quantity of reel. Proceeding from the recognition that owing to the very significantly increased firepower, the armour protection roust be improved by using heavier structural elements (e.g. weakened uranium covered toy steel), and this will bring about the ever increasing of the tanks" weight - which, after a certain limit cannot be further increased - thus, breaking with the traditions so far, such engineering-technical solutions ate needed, which facilitate the successful elimination of the disadvantages presently existing.

Proceeding from the recoptt m that the present-day tankguns and accomodating part of their adherent ammunition necessitate the use of a big-sized and big-voϊnme turret that serves as a very good target, and this, together with further disadvantages, can be eliminated if the tank gun is replaced by such a high-performance laser gun that is able to destroy the a mour protection of a tø fitϊonat tank, but especially by damaging the tank's gunbarrel and track can immobilize the firepower and mobility. This high performance- laser gun is equipped with preamplifiers. This is a weapon with significantly less weight than that of the tankgun and the high-performance generator and the high-performance batteries connected serve as its electric- power unit. The use of this weapon also facilitates the destruction of air combat vehicles and it facilitates the construction of a turret having much smaller calibre and volume than the turret of a present tank has. This turret can also be better constructed from the ballistic point of view, ft also makes the construction of a storage place for the voluminous gun ammunition reserve unnecessary. The invented armour protection can, beside the more favourable ballistic build-up, be increased with such a new solution, that, the turret and the hull have muftHayers and the outermost steel armour plate is covered by wolfram or another similar hard metal layer or plate. By modifying the crystal structure of the steel armour plates and by yoking of multi-layer thin plates made of steel armour, a more solid, stronger and better resisting armouring can be. constructed, whose thickness can be decreased and this facilitates the significan decrease of the tank*s weight The heavy weight of the present-day tanks makes floating impossible for these combat vehicles, Tliis disadvantage can be eliminated by the significant decrease in the weight of the invented tank, and furthermore by (a) balloonCs) that can be pulled out under the bottom armour of the tank and is (are) tillable with compressed air and eomprise{s) one or more compartments and by these the tank can be enabled to float. Water crossing is assisted by operating the screw propellers placed at the rear of the hull and thus it facilitates the overcome of water obstacles being more extensive or having a mightier than average backwash.

In order to overcome a slope steeper than 60^Λ or a slippery terrain the invented tank is equipped with climbing-pulling mechanisms, which can be launched to the proper distance by a launching mechanism and which are connected to a wire rope in a way that they can he dismantled. After the launching the climbing amis of the climbing-pulling mechanism expand, then the pull of the winch make them get deep n the ground, then further pull facilitates the progress of the tank on a slope steeper than 60°, but this mechanism has a braking effect during getting down from a steep slope in backward motion. With this solution the invented tank facilitates, as against the present-day types, the overcome of bigger ground obstacles.

The trench-spanning (3,6m) and stage climbing (I Sm) abilities of present-day tanks are considerably limited owing to their heavy weights. In order to eliminate this disadvantage the invented tank is equipped with hydraulic supporting-holding legs, which are folded up in a recess at the bottom plate and which are equipped with climbing elements that lengthen to the required sfee upon being operated and after the direction has been set. With these mechanisms, as against the present-day tank types, trenches wider than 3,6 m and obstacles higher than 1,5 m can be overcome.

Some types of the present-day tanks are equipped with such tankguns that are capable of launching missiles, as well. The accommodation of the many pieces of large missiles requires a considerable stowage place and occupies a lot of space in the hull, ϊn order to eliminate this disadvantage there is a missile holding-launching mechanism fastened on the rear of the invented tank. Th s mechanism can be moved in two directions and the missiles placed on it are lapped by the tank hull when it is in standstill.

The present-day tanks can be operated by crew attendance, only, thus putting them out of action usually requires the sacrifice of human beings. This disadvantage is eliminated by the invented tank, all of whose functions arc elaborated in a way that there is an integrated connection, without crew participation, between the equipment, devices, tools, to be operated and a high- capacity computer, which computer is equipped with a microwave transmitter and receiver and which are interconnected by remote control with a commander's control equipment equipped with microwave receiver and transmitter and installed in a deployed or moving tank This solution facilitates the control of several unmanned tanks and the operation of their tactical and other functions from a common commander's position.

The antimine defence of present-day tanks is only half-solved. Certain types,, only, have reinforced bottom plates serving as antimine defence. In order to eliminate this disadvantage the invented tank is equipped with such a pneumatically or hydrauiieally moveable mechanism that, extending in front of she nose part ftom the chamber surrounded by the hull, is equipped with a wire lath, on which lath soil detectors, explosive material detectors_* electromagnetic sensors, metal locating detectors and microwave transceivers are installed, with which the mines can be detected.

The invented tank may be equipped with a hydrogen engine serving as a resource that facilitates a felly antipoilution operation and makes the reconnaissance of the tank more difficult, since thermal emission is completely missing at this mode of propulsion.

The present-day tank armament does not contain a mortar launcher, thus overcoming by a tank of relief lap and that of dugout combat positions meet with a hindrance. ϊn order to eliminate this disadvantage the invented tank is also equipped with a mortar launcher, which mortar launcher is lifted to the required height by a hydraulic mechanism from the hull through the hatch of the turret and the mortar shell is loaded into the mortar barrel by a mechanism equipped with a swivel arm - hy a loading mechanism for a mortar launcher with breech loading, then after adjusting the mortar launcher by the laying equipment in the required direction, launching in the direction of the target can he executed. evtew of the iltøtafiøϊifs ®i tlie foveøtedl taatk

1. Side view of the invented tank

2. Imago of the construction of the invented tank' s armour structure

3. Expanding of the eliffibii g-pttHing mechanism upon reaching the ground

4. The mine detecting mechanism in operation

5-. Destruction of the detected mine by a laser weapon

6, The fully-opened supporting-holding mechanism at the tank 's front

?, The half-opened supporting-holding mechanism at the tank's rear . The hydraulically moved supporting-holding mechanisms while spanning a trench 9, The fully-opened supporting-holding mechanism at the tank's rear

10. The supporting-holding mechanism at the tank \s front during stage climbing

11. The screw propellers installed at the tank's rear

12. Image of the floating tank

13. The second line of balloons with compartments during activation

14. The missile launcher in rest position

15. The missile launcher ready for launching

16. Image of the mortar shell loading mechanism of the mortar launcher with a from with a front loading system

Claims

Claims

Tank equipped with turning mtmά turret which is ma e from multilayer armor that fulfils the most sophisticated tactical requirements containing steel and other materials such as panoplast and aluminium sheets and hull, engine using gas-turbine or other propellent power source, hydrodynarnical torque transformer, automatic gearbox, hydraulic main clutch, differential, hydrostaticai steering ech nis , hydropae natic and side armor protected undercarriage containing torsion suspension with bogie heels, idlers, expanding rollers, driving wheels md tracks, observation sights, passive night sight, the al imaging aiming si t, laser range f der, airtomatic target searching recognition and identification s s em, 7S2 rø and 12,7 m calibre machine guns εiiaraeteriied by flue multilayer urret and hull, where the outermost steel armor made of olfr or covered by other simila hard metal layer and modifying the crystal structure of the steel armor plates and connecting the multilayer thin steei armor plates an armor has been termed that protects better against impact of armor piercing lϊeebette-, warhead and høiiew»eharge projectiles, furthermore to solve the ffoa ability of this tank there are pull out nd pressed air inflatable balloons under the bottom plate, of the hull mά marine screws In the tail of the tank to overcome rivers or other bigger range of waters hat are deeper than the fording depth and the sireamjines of this waters are harder then the average, furthermore to overcome slopes more than 60° and obstacles of a slippery terrain the tank is equipped with grahb g»draw g structures to reach better climbing and steps overcoming capabilities, furthermore there are hydraulic structures to hold and lean the tank during it bridgps-ovβr trenches wider than 3,5 meters and overcomes obstacles higher than 1,5 meters, there are pneumatically or hydraulicaily operated mine detectors to explore and locate antitank and other type of mines and that new tank types are e uip ed with high-power and high-energy laser weapons instead of tank main guns or cannons to disable and destroy land- and air fighting vehicles.

2. Tank according to demand point 1. characterised by a missile hoidmg-iaunching structure that is fixed at the rear of the hall of the middle type tank, that structure half- circle turnabie and contains hydraulic lifting devices, aiming-targeting device, furthermore equipped with a hydraulic lifting device operated mortar launcher which can be lifted through the turret hatch, and that mortar launcher can be loaded with a mortar shell irom di mouth of pipe side with a hydraulic structure that connected to tlse mortar launcher.

3, Tank according to demand points 1, and 2. characterised by the all functions of the tank which are developed that way where the all equipment, devices and instruments needed to operate are integrally connected to a high capacity computer without any collaboration of the crew, that computer equipped with a microwave transceiver and that arc remote controlled by a stationary or mobile commander control device ψpξά with a microwave transceiver and "wher the commander control device commands and operates oue or more remote controlled tanks with operating orders issued on the base of incoming and processed information, where that commander control device controls and operates all the tactical and other function of the remote controlled tank(s). , Tank according to demand points L, 2. and 3. eharacterfee by longitudinal, pneumatically or hydraulicaily operated arms containing various working cylinders mounted in longitudinal direction on both sides and ih bottom plate of the hull in armor plate elongated and covered, triangle section chambers, that arms can be lengthened forward, in front of the tank and on the ends of that arms pneumatically or hydraulicaily operated, both thwart-ship expansible rods are mounted and that rods equipped with spring operated drums containing flexible wke-eloths that can be expanded by the rods both thwart-ship, that wire-cloths are roiled up on the drams and t & longitudinal end points of that arms are connected with bars and wire ropes rolled up on the drams equipped with spring appliances and end point spreader devices are fixed to that end points to fortify their level keeping, that drums are mounted on the both exterior points of the tank nose and that appliances equipped with ground sensor, ultra and microwave transceiver, explosive sensor, fur hermo e electromagnetic metal locator to detect not only the metal mines but the plastic mines and other mines covered by non metal materials as well_* and that appliances operate like a mine detector and mine spotting devices and that appliances are placed folded up under the nose of t hull and in the above mentioned armor covered chambers in disused situation. , Tank according to demand points 1., 2.,, 3. and , cha acte ised by the hull and turret with smaller calibre ske than the actually known ones that have a shape with big angle d better baliistical protection, , Tank according to demand points 1., 2„ 3., 4, and 5. characterised fey hydrogen engine consisting metal-hybrid hydrogen reservoir,, ceramic combustion chambers, one or more turbines and cooling systems and gearbox that are installed in the tank.

, Tank according to demand points 1., 2.,, 3„ 4., 5, and 6, charac erised by døubϊc,two or more grabbing-drawing structures mounted on the nose of the hull with a collecting structure, equipped with a launching device, linked with connecting elements, which grabbing-drawing structures open in the landing mom t with the help of a spring structure, and that grabbing-drawing structures are fixed on left and right side of the tank nose and on the connecting βtem i of that double grabbing-drawing structure there is a exserted hook to which a wire rope is fixed with a releasable loop, that wire rope passing a tight gap on the toll is fixed to an electro motor driven, both direction tamable winch being inside the tank, that winch equipped with clutch, that during the launch opens the way of the rope then ϋh& winch after opening the grabbing αlcme of the double grabbing-drawing structures pulling the rope backward sinks the grabbing elements into the ground then turning on the winch in this direction pull the tank ahead.

, Tan according to demand points 1., 2,„ 3., 4, 5., 6, and 7. eharacter ed by two or mote hydraulic holding-bracing legs consisting various working cylinders and shoes with prehensile pricks, that legs are hinged on the external side of the bottom plate of bottom p te of the hull when they are folded up_t that groove k protected by an armor plate which can be closed and opened from outside and after the covering armor plate is opened that hydraulic holding-bracing legs powered by electric otor(s) will be turned to the proper vertical or other needed direction and the hydrauϋeaiiy controlled hydraulic holding-bracing legs will be longitudinally extended to the proper si&e, when that legs touch the ground they give appropriate hold with the hydraulic pricks and they support the tank, which is continuously moving forward by the previously activated double grabbing-drawing structures while the hydraulic holding-bracing legs shortening or extending to the ud&ά size hold the tank at the appropriate level, then after completing the procedure that hydr ulic holding-bracing legs pull back to their original place m opposite sequence than the previously described, than the protecting armor will close their groove from the outer side.

9. Tank according to demand points , 2,, 3,, 4., 5., 6., 7, and 8. characterised by one or more cellular balloon strengthened by a strong and elastic texture, situated in the inner space of the bull nose or in a proper geometrical space of the bottom plate at the hull nose covered by an armor plate that can be opened and closed, that balloon is rolled up on a flat drum equipped with clutch and driven in both direction by an electric motor, and on that nose bottom plate or on that bottom plate space covering armor plate there is an inclined slot made according to the thickness of the balloon near the mά of the balloon, through this slot the balloon can be pul ά out, and the edge of that rolled \ψ balloon is fixed to a rigid connecting plate, and there are one- one wires or plastic ropes fixed to both edges of that connecting plate to pull out the balloon along the whole size of the hull bottom plate, and that rope goes through the above mentioned inclined slot and laying in a groove that is made along the both edges of the longitudinal bottom plate and the other &nά of that rope is fixed to a winch through a hole at the rear end of the hull bottom plate and that winch is mounted at the rear side of the hull interior and equipped with clutch and driven in both direction by an electric motor and that balloon ean be pulled out with that ropes through the inclined slot situated on nose bottom plate ot on bottom plate space covering armor plate and that balloon can be pulled out along the whole size of the hull bottom plate and the hydropneumatie structure lifts the tank to the highest level then that balloon can be inflated by pressed air, thm the tank can cross float the river or other water obstacles with the help of one or more marine screws at i\ tail of the tank, and after finishing this operation that balloon or cellular balloon can be deflated by opening the balloon magnet valves and after operating the clutch the way of the rope rolled on the winch will be free and turning the drum the balloon or balloons will be rolled up the drum according to the starting position.

10. Equipment that provides iloatability to the tank according to demand point 9. eHaracierføed by a relnforced-fϊbre balloon that is roiled up on a flat, longitudinal drum situated in a properly shaped space of the bottom plate of the tank, that space can be either longitudinal edge of the bottom plate and protected by an opening- closing armor plate and that drum equipped with clutch and driven in both direction by a motor, and a rigid plate is fixed to the longitudinal edge of that balloon, one-one rope is fixed to both end of that rigid plate, that ropes are fastened to a winch which is at the opposite and that winch equipped with clutch and driven in both direction by an ILTank according to ύemmά points L, 2,, 3., 4,, 5_*, 6., 7., 8., 9, and 10. characterised by frames that are fastened on die outer armor of the tank tail, that fames are fastened on two or more places being nearly the ground and on two or more places being closely the upper part of the hull and that frames are forming a revolving, motor driven frame that performs the half circle twisting, on which frame an aiming and target searching device is fitted that device is connected to thϋ reconnaissance, aiming and control device being inside the tank and to which device a hydraulic structure is hinged and dial hydraulic structure aims a fixture holding two or more, laser guided or heat-emission perceiver appliance fitted missiles and that turning-holding and aiming, hydraulicaily operated structures form a horizontally and vertically moveable missile holding-launching device.

12. Tank according to demand points 1., 2,, 3., 4„ S», b\, 7„ 8., 9.,10. and 11. characterised by a mortar launcher equipped with lateral angle and direction angle adjusting aiming device, that mortar launcher can be lifted from the inner space of the hull through the turret hatch to the twβύ ά height with the help of a hydraulic structure that vertically can be operated, and the lower part of that can be fixed with an operated back-up structure against the flashback effect and with the aiming device that can be positioned to the proper horizontal and vertical angle, and on a rail structure that fixed on the barrel of the mortar launcher there is a pneumatically operated structure that equipped with a holder and under ike holder that structure is fitted with bearings, that holder lifts the mortar shell above the mortar launcher barrel then a bar equipped with a gear on the upper side turns horizontally i e holder toward the barrel and the pneumatic structure opening the holding arms drops the mortar shell into the mortar launcher barrel

13. Tank according to demand points !._» 2„ 3., 4., 5., δ„, ?., 8., 9._* 10_*, 11. and 12. characterised by a lateral angle and direction angle adjusting aiming and breech- loading device that fitted on the tank and that mortar launcher can be lifted from the inner space of the hull through the turret hatch to the needed height with the help of a hydraulic structure that vertically can be operated, and the lower part of that can be fixed with an operated back-up structure against the flashback effect and with the aiming device that can be positioned to the proper horizontal and vertical angle.