Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
  • B60K6/46—Series type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
  • B60K6/48—Parallel type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
  • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
  • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
  • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
  • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
  • B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
  • B60K5/08—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units comprising more than one engine
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
  • B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
  • B60L2220/18—Reluctance machines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

• the invention relates to a vehicle, provided with: a mai- ⁇ ive comprising a combustion engine for driving the vehicle; and an auxiliary drive comprising an electric motor, for driving the vehicle separately or in combination with the main drive.
• a vehicle is sometimes denoted as a vehicle with a hybrid drive, i.e. in one condition the vehicle can be propelled by a conventional, "heavy- duty" drive by means of a combustion engine; while in particular circumstances, for instance from the viewpoint of harmful emissions, the drive of the vehicle can be taken over by an electric motor which is not, or less, harmful in operation.
• a vehicle is known, for instance, from the German publication 44 44 545.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a hybrid vehicle which makes it possible, at relatively low cost, to operate an electric motor, while the emissions, in particular the noise emissions, are very low, i.e. have such a low level that the regulations can be met and which are at least comparable to or lower than the emissions attainable with conventional engines tuned to low-noise.
• the auxiliary drive comprises a fuel-operated energy generating element which can be electrically connected with the electric motor in order to provide it directly with electrical energy.
• the generating element may then be arranged for having a low energy consumption with respect to the main drive.
• the generating element may be arranged for having a relatively low emission of harmful substances and/or noise level.
• the vehicle can possess at least one operating condition in which the vehicle is propelled in a low-noise manner by the auxiliary drive.
• the vehicle comprises sound-deadening means for deadening the energy generating element.
• the control system can comprise an input for receiving control signal which forces the vehicle in a desired operating condition.
• a control signal is useful if according to the control data that are utilized by the automatic control system an undesired outcome is reached.
• the control system can switch to a mode in which the (less low-emission) main combustion engine becomes active. If from the viewpoint of emission control, this is undesired, the system can be forced to go to or remain in the low- emission mode, in which case possibly concessions are made in respect of the engine power to be supplied.
• the vehicle may here possess a provision for generating the control signal. A driver himself can then decide whether the vehicle is to be brought into a low-emission mode.
• the provision comprises a transponder or a sensor which is tuned to the reception of a signal originating from an external source, with the aid of which the vehicle is forced into a particular operating condition.
• a transponder or a sensor which is tuned to the reception of a signal originating from an external source, with the aid of which the vehicle is forced into a particular operating condition.
• provisions can be made, so that vehicles equipped with such a system according to the invention automatically switch to a desired silence mode.
• a gradual scale can be utilized, whereby, acting on the instructions from the environment, the vehicle is brought into such an operating condition that not more than a maximum desired emission level is realized.
• control system can apply the control on the basis of a vehicle speed and/or combustion engine torque.
• vehicle speed and/or combustion engine torque may also be derived from other sensors in the vehicle, for instance speed of the main combustion engine, selected acceleration and accelerator pedal position.
• the control system can then accomplish a flowing transition in time, between deployment of the electric motor and the combustion engine, so that a user does not experience any unpleasant shocks upon switching from and to the silence mode.
• the vehicle can comprise an electric energy storage and a brake device for braking mechanically and/or electrically, whereby kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy, the control system being arranged for determining such a setting for the provision of propulsive power by the electrical energy storage, the fuel-operated generating element and/or the combustion engine, that the energy consumption and/or the emission of harmful substances and/or the noise level of the vehicle at a required engine torque and/or vehicle speed is minimal. .
• the energy generating element can also be operated for obtaining electrical energy for the purpose of the drive of accessories, such as air conditioning.
• the invention further relates to a system for controlling a vehicle according to the invention, comprising a source for transmitting a control signal which brings the vehicle in a desired operating condition.
• the invention relates to a unit for coupling with and/or assembly into a vehicle provided with a main drive which comprises a combustion engine for driving the vehicle; which assembly unit comprises an electric motor for forming an auxiliary drive for driving the vehicle separately or in combination with the main drive; and a fuel-operated energy generating element which can be electrically connected with the electric motor in order to provide it directly with electrical energy.
• a unit for coupling with and/or assembly into a vehicle provided with a main drive which comprises a combustion engine for driving the vehicle; which assembly unit comprises an electric motor for forming an auxiliary drive for driving the vehicle separately or in combination with the main drive; and a fuel-operated energy generating element which can be electrically connected with the electric motor in order to provide it directly with electrical energy.
• Figure 1 is a schematic top plan view of a vehicle according to the invention.
• Figure 3 shows a time diagram including a transition from a normal operating mode to a silence mode
• Figure 4 shows a diagram with a torque characteristic of a hybrid vehicle provided with a control system according to the invention
• Figure 5 shows a functional diagram for an example of a control system according to the invention.
• Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a unit for coupling with and/or assembly into a conventional vehicle.
• Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 1, such as a truck, bus, van or other type of transportation means in which the invention can be applied, in a schematic representation from above.
• the vehicle possesses, for the purpose of propulsion, at least one main combustion engine 2, for instance a heavy- duty conventional gasoline, diesel or LPG engine.
• the engine 2 is included in the front part of the truck 1, under the driver's cabin 3.
• This main combustion engine 2 drives, by way of a transmission (not shown), a drive shaft 4 and a differential 5, in a manner otherwise known per se, in this case the rear wheels 6 of the vehicle 1, so that power supplied by the combustion engine can be converted to propulsion of the vehicle 1.
• an electric motor 8 is arranged.
• the electric motor 8 likewise engages the cardan shaft 4 via a coupling 9, which can be set to contribute separately, or in combination with the combustion engine, to supplied power for the propulsion of the vehicle 1.
• This coupling can be mechanical, in the form of, for instance, a possibly shiftable-design gearbox, but may also comprise other kinds of couplings, such as a viscous coupling, an electric motor mounted coaxially around the drive shaft, or the like. For instance by the use of so-called dry or wet plate clutches, the main drive and auxiliary drive can be completely uncoupled.
• the electric motor 8 engages the cardan shaft 4 of the main combustion engine 2
• numerous variants are possible, including, for instance, a variant with a separate cardan shaft, which engages the front or rear wheels or a variant whereby the electric motor is mounted on a shaft or wheel of the vehicle.
• the main combustion engine 2 may also engage the front wheels, optionally in combination with the rear wheels. Such variants are understood to fall within the scope of the invention.
• the generator set 10 comprises a combustion engine 11 and a generator 12 for generating electrical power.
• the generator 12 is electrically connected with the electric motor 8 in order to provide it directly with electrical energy.
• the thus configured truck can be propelled in a discrete operating mode, a so-called silence mode, by the electric motor, which in turn is provided with electrical energy by the generator set 10.
• the generator set comprises a relatively light combustion engine 11 which is tuned to have a very low noise emission, and which, if necessary, enables the use of a very effective noise insulation which can encapsulate substantially all noise-causing parts, specifically the mechanically moving parts, of the auxiliary drive in a closed-off construction, this mode is indeed “silent", i.e. the vehicle can be driven with a very low noise emission.
• the intermediate space 7 between the wheels is utilized for placing the generator set 10
• it can naturally be arranged at other positions of the vehicle as well, as for instance between the cabin 3 and a loading space, on the roof or any other favorable position where mounting is possible; naturally, it is even possible to place it, for instance, in a trailer.
• such variants are also protected by the invention.
• Fig. 2 represents the transmission lines of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.
• a main combustion engine 2 which, via what is generally designated as “driving gear”, in this example consisting of transmission 13, cardan shaft 4 and differential 5, drives the rear wheels 6 via a first, main drive line 14.
• a second drive line 15 is formed by the generator set 10, the electric motor 8, coupling 9, cardan shaft 4, differential 5 and rear wheels 6.
• the drive lines 14 and 15 come together at the coupling 9, which can be coupled-on by means of a control further elucidated with reference to Fig. 3.
• the transmission lines 14 and 15 can act separately or in combination on the rear wheels, thus enabling a normal operating mode in which transmission line 14 is active, a combined operating mode in which both lines 14 and 15 are active, and a silence mode, in which only the line 15 is active.
• the coupling 9 of the electric motor 8 may also be arranged before transmission 13, a position placed after transmission 13 provides the advantage that a synchronization of the speed of the electric motor 8 is not dependent on the speed of the combustion engine 2, which simplifies synchronization and tuning between the electric motor 8 and the speed of the vehicle 1.
• Fig. 3 shows for this purpose a torque characteristic of the main combustion engine 2 (denoted by VM1 in the characteristic), and the electric motor 8 (denoted by EM).
• the magnitude of the supplied torque is represented over time, in arbitrary units. The Figure shows that the total torque, i.e.
• the summation of the torque characteristics of VM1 and EM forms a line flowing in time, in this example a line of a constant value, representative of a transition at constant vehicle speed. Owing to the flowing transition, steering the vehicle feels pleasant, and the vehicle, also in the combined mode, can be driven accurately. In the reverse situation (not shown), if it proves necessary to raise the propulsive power and this is not blocked by external control signal to be further described hereinbelow, the torque of the electric motor 8 can be reduced, whereby at the same time the supplied torque of the main combustion engine 2 is raised.
• the electric motor 8 can function as starter motor, i.e.
• the electric motor 8 can also function as a braking energy regenerator or dissipator.
• the braking energy can be dissipated in a dissipation resistance or by utilizing the generator set 10 as an electric motor and dissipating energy by braking on the combustion engine 11 by driving it.
• Fig. 4 shows an example of a torque characteristic of the main combustion engine 2 (again denoted with VM1) and the electric motor 8 (EM).
• torque characteristic is characteristic of a combustion engine and an electric motor, respectively.
• Characteristic of a combustion engine is the increase of torque with higher speed, after which the torque starts to decrease slightly upon still further increase.
• an electric motor typically possesses a relatively constant torque, which upon further increase of the speed begins to fall, until it is virtually zero.
• This assembly can be controlled as has been elucidated, for instance, with reference to Fig.5; if a vehicle enters the range where the speed and torque are relatively low, the system can switch from a normal operating mode to the silence mode and thereby follows the torque characteristic of the electric motor 8, denoted in the Figure by EM.
• Fig. 5 gives a functional diagram of a control system 16 according to the invention.
• the control system 16 controls the drive and deployment of the required and supplied powers, as are generated by the main combustion engine 2 (VM1) and the generator set 10 (GSR), an optional electrical energy storage 17 (BMS) and an electrical conversion system 18 (EBS) for recovering and/or dissipating braking energy, and are supplied to the propulsion and any accessories such as cooling system, air compressors (inter alia for door control, springing, braking system) and hydraulic pumps (inter alia power steering or driving system for, for instance, a tipper or a press) and the like.
• the electrical energy storage 17 will be generally designated in the following as "accumulator” but can also comprise alternatives such as batteries, a supercapacitor, flywheel (for instance electrically driven), a hydraulic reservoir fed by an electric pump, etc.
• the core of the control system is formed by a signal processing system 19, operated with the aid of a processor, which detects signals and sends them to and from, by way of example, the main combustion engine 2, the generator set 10 and other components, to be further elucidatec 1 ⁇ hat play a role in the operation and/or drive of the vehicle.
• a driver of the vehicle by means of an accelerator pedal 20 (GP) and/or brake pedal 21 (RP), can demand a particular engine power for the propulsion of the vehicle.
• the electric motor 8 may already supply full power on the basis of available energy from accumulator 17; in the case where it appears that this source threatens to be exhausted, the generator set can be adjusted to output, so that it can take over this power demand.
• the energy of the generator set 10 can be deployed for driving the accessory systems. It is possible for the control system, in the presence of an accumulator
• the storage 17 may be used only for accommodating power peaks. These may be peaks in power supply, for instance in the use of the electric, motor 8 as braking energy regenerator, whereby a temporary surplus of electrical energy can be stored in the accumulator 17. Also, any peaks in the power demand can be accommodated with the aid of the accumulator 17. On the other hand, with the aid of the accumulator 17, it is also possible to drive (temporarily) without the generator set 10, and the generator set 10 may be used only for accommodating peaks in power demand and/or for recharging the accumulator 17.
• the control system may further comprise an input 24 (TG) which is capable of receiving a control signal that forces the vehicle in a desired operating condition. That is, independently of the further power demand, by means of such a control signal, the signal processing system can be brought in a condition in which the vehicle can operate only in silence mode.
• a control signal can originate from an operating switch 25 which is operated by the driver, or from an external source 26, for instance a wireless signal source which transmits a signal that is picked up by a receiver present in the vehicle. The receiver proceeds to deliver a control signal to the control system.
• a transponder 27 which transmits a particular signal when it is introduced into a particular radio field, or the like.
• a special implementation of this is a GPS receiver which, on the basis of a GPS signal, identifies a geographical position of the vehicle and on the basis of this position controls the operating mode.
• Another form can be a clock signal, which during particular times of the day (for instance in the nightly hours) forces the vehicle in the silence mode.
• Such forms of signal transfer are also understood to belong to the domain of the invention, which in one embodiment relates to a system for controlling a vehicle according to the above-mentioned aspects, comprising a source for transmitting a control signal which brings the vehicle in a desired operating mode. It is then possible that the system, upon reception of the control signal, is set in the silence mode gradually, for instance after delivering a warning signal to the driver, and/or after the elapse of some time. In addition, it is possible, for reasons of safety, that a driver is able to override such a signal, that is, such that the driver is for instance given a brief extra opportunity to continue driving in the normal operating mode.
• the system includes a display 28, on which control data can be displayed, and via which the driver can execute any adjustments to the control.
• the assembly unit 29 When the main combustion engine 2 is switched off, it is possible, with the aid of the assembly unit 29 shown, thus to provide a silence mode in which the vehicle is propelled by the electric motor 8 in a low-noise manner.
• the incorporation of the assembly unit 29 into existing vehicles is relatively simple. It consists in the steps of replacing a part of the drive shaft (cardan shaft) of a vehicle with an adapted drive shaft, to which an electric motor can be coupled-on; a generator set 10 is placed as one whole at a suitable position in the vehicle, for instance in the intermediate space discussed with reference to Figs.
• the assembly unit can form an integral part of a new vehicle to be possibly constructed.
• An alternative embodiment involves the possibility that the unit forms a separate unit 29 for coupling with a vehicle 1 and is not assembled into it.
• the vehicle 1 may then be provided with a main drive line ( 14 for driving the vehicle.
• the main drive line possesses a power take-off 36 which can draw power for driving the wheels 6.
• the drive line 14 is formed by a power line 37 from a driving engine, not shown, to the wheels 6, a power line 38 from the driving engine to the power takeoff 36 and a power line 39 from the power take-off 36 to the wheels 6.
• the power lines 38 and 39 are normally present, they are not necessary for application of the invention.
• the power lines are depicted schematically, they are understood to mean the measures for transmitting the mechanical energy from the main combustion engine to the wheels 6, including the above-discussed driving gear.
• the electric motor 8 forms an auxiliary drive which, via the power take-off 36, can engage the drive line 14 of the vehicle.
• Fig. 6 further represents power electronics 40 for operating the generator set, the power electronics 41 for operating the electric motor, and a control unit 42 with a control loop 43 for driving inter alia the electrical control unit 41, 42, the fan 35.
• the invention has been elucidated on the basis of the exemplary embodiments represented in the drawing, but may also encompass variations or modifications thereof.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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Family

ID=32844968

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