EP1581663B1 - Hard metal moulded item - Google Patents
Hard metal moulded item Download PDFInfo
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- EP1581663B1 EP1581663B1 EP03815057A EP03815057A EP1581663B1 EP 1581663 B1 EP1581663 B1 EP 1581663B1 EP 03815057 A EP03815057 A EP 03815057A EP 03815057 A EP03815057 A EP 03815057A EP 1581663 B1 EP1581663 B1 EP 1581663B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- binder
- carbide
- screwdriver bit
- hard metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910009043 WC-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003271 Ni-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
Definitions
- the invention relates to a screwdriver bit (bit) containing a tungsten carbide hard metal.
- Carbide moldings and in particular screwdriver tips are currently made of steel alloys. Due to the low wear resistance of this material, there is a high demand for more wear resistant materials. As wear-resistant materials, carbides are generally available because of their high hardness and high wear resistance.
- binders for tungsten carbide also complex binder alloys are used in recent times. These alloys consist of tungsten carbide like the classic hard metals; however, the cobalt binder is replaced by a complex binder alloy consisting essentially of iron, cobalt and nickel.
- CERMETS sintered hard metal shaped bodies
- Co-Ni-Fe binders consisting of about 40 to 90% by weight cobalt and the remainder consisting essentially of nickel and iron, the contents of nickel and iron each being at most 36% by weight be with a Ni: Fe ratio of about 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5.
- Such cemented carbide bodies find use as cutting inserts and indexable inserts, but are less suitable as material for screwdriver tips because of only very low torque resistance.
- tungsten carbide hard metal alloys which contain an alloy binder of iron, cobalt and nickel. So will in DE 296 17 040 U1 a tungsten carbide hard material alloy with a binder system of iron, cobalt and nickel and a WC grain size ⁇ described as 1 micron, wherein the total binder content of the binder system 3 to 30 wt .-% and the proportion of iron in the binder system> than 50 wt .-% is.
- Dissertation Prakash TU Düsseldorf 1979, p. 1, 39-41, 113-119, 199-202 describes hard metal moldings containing 80 wt .-% tungsten carbide of a particle size of about 1 micron and 20 wt .-% of a binder, wherein the binder 70 to 80 wt .-% iron, 5 to 10 wt .-% cobalt and 10 to 20 wt. - contains%.
- the object of the invention is to provide screwdriver tips made of a material that have high strength and corrosion resistance of classic hard metal alloys with the toughness and torque resistance of steels of this type which meets the future DIN requirements for torque resistance, especially of screwdriver tips.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by a screwdriver tip consisting of a hard metal molding consisting of 60 to 80% by weight of tungsten carbide having a particle size in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 6.0 ⁇ m in the sintered state and 20 to 40% by weight.
- a binder optionally at least one carbide, nitride and / or carbonitride, of at least one of the elements of groups IVa, Va and VIa of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements in a total content of 0.1 to 4, in particular 0.2 to 2 wt .-%, wherein the binder contains 60 to 85% by weight of iron, 5 to 15% by weight of cobalt and 5 to 25% by weight of nickel.
- a characteristic of the hard metal used in this way is its significantly improved ability compared to classic hard metals.
- the toughness is determined, for example, by means of the Palmquist measurement: the K IC values determined therefrom reached values of 20 to 25 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 , while values of 15 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 are achieved in the case of classic hard metal alloys.
- the tungsten carbide has a particle size in the range of 0.2 microns to 6.0 microns in the sintered state.
- the high iron content and in particular the observance of the upper limit for the cobalt content are required to counteract the otherwise occurring embrittlement of the hard metal and the to obtain necessary high toughness.
- Carbon contents in WC-Fe alloys should be in a narrow range of ⁇ 0.03 wt% to prevent embrittling phases such as Eta phases on the one hand and free carbon on the other hand. Both phases lead to a partial extreme deterioration of the toughness properties.
- the grain sizes of the tungsten carbide in the sintered state should preferably be ultrafine to coarse, ie 0.2 to 6.0 microns. In this case, grain sizes of 0.6 to 4.0 microns are preferred. Particularly good values with respect to the impact strength (KI C value) are in this case with particle sizes in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 microns and especially with grain sizes, which are referred to as medium or coarse ( ⁇ 1.3 microns), achieved.
- the proportion of the tungsten carbide 70 to 75 wt .-% and the binder content corresponding to 25 to 30 wt .-% is. In this way it is ensured that maximum toughness combined with high hardness is achieved.
- the best values for a torsional strength are achieved when the binder, preferably 60 to 85, more preferably 70 to 80 wt% iron, preferably 5 to 10 wt .-% cobalt and preferably 10 to 20 wt .-% nickel. This is therefore particularly preferred.
- the quantitative characterization of the grain sizes of WC-Co hard metals is usually carried out as a surface analysis of an etched cut (equivalent circular diameter).
- the real image can be reconstructed via image processing, so that the particle surfaces are evaluated by means of computer programs.
- the computer forms for each grain one of the surface of the particle corresponding circular area. The diameter of this circle is determined.
- Carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides usually have the function of limiting the growth of the grain size of the cemented carbide.
- a particular advantage of the present invention is that the proportion of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides are kept particularly low can, because the grain size hardly increases in the sintering process.
- Optimum wear resistance and hardness are achieved when the total content of the carbides, nitrides and / or carbonitrides is in the specified range, in particular if the content of vanadium carbide 0.05 to 1 wt .-%, the content of tantalum carbide 0.2% to 10 wt .-% and the content of chromium carbide 0.2 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the binder.
- the absolute content of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides is in each case dependent on the particular binder and is therefore stated in% by weight, based on the binder.
- the hard metals described above can be used in principle as a material in applications in which a similar optimization of wear resistance, hardness and toughness or torque resistance are required. Such applications are, for example, screwdriver tips.
- the screwdriver tips according to the invention only in the application area (head) consists of the hard metal molding, or for example, has a hard metal coating on steel.
- a tungsten carbide (head) application may be soldered to a carrier.
- a screwdriver tip that consists of the hard metal for example, is produced by injection molding, is particularly preferred.
- Screwdriver tips (bits) of dimension PZ2 made with a classic WC-Co alloy containing 85 wt .-% WC and 15 wt .-% Co with a grain size of WC of 2-3 microns in the sintered state, achieved in the torsion test torque values of 8 Nm. Thus, only about 70% of the nominal value according to DIN 5261 of at least 11.3 Nm were achieved.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schraubendreherspitze (bit), enthaltend ein Wolframcarbid-Hartmetall.The invention relates to a screwdriver bit (bit) containing a tungsten carbide hard metal.
Hartmetallformkörper und insbesondere Schraubendreherspitzen werden derzeit aus Stahllegierungen gefertigt. Aufgrund der geringen Verschleißbeständigkeit dieses Materials besteht ein hoher Bedarf an verschleißbeständigeren Materialien. Als verschleißbeständige Materialien bieten sich grundsätzlich Hartmetalle wegen ihrer hohen Härte und hohen Verschleißbeständigkeit an.Carbide moldings and in particular screwdriver tips are currently made of steel alloys. Due to the low wear resistance of this material, there is a high demand for more wear resistant materials. As wear-resistant materials, carbides are generally available because of their high hardness and high wear resistance.
Hartmetalle klassischer Zusammensetzungen sind jedoch aufgrund ihrer Struktur und Zusammensetzung wesentlich spröder als Stähle und damit nicht in der Lage die für Schraubendreherspitzen geforderten Drehmomentkräften zu gewährleisten. In der noch nicht in Kraft getretenen DIN 5261 wird beispielsweise für eine Prüfgröße 0 (1) für die Form PZ bei Maschinenbetätigung ein Mindestdrehmoment von 1,3 (4,3) Nm gefordert. Herkömmliche Spitzen aus Hartmetallen brechen bereits bei Drehmomentwerten, die nur etwa 50 % der DIN geforderten Werte entsprechen.Hard metals of classical compositions, however, are much more brittle than steels because of their structure and composition and thus unable to guarantee the torque forces required for screwdriver tips. In DIN 5261, which has not yet come into force, a minimum torque of 1.3 (4.3) Nm is required, for example, for a test quantity 0 (1) for the form PZ when the machine is operated. Conventional tips made of hard metals already break at torque values that correspond to only about 50% of the DIN required values.
Als Binder für Wolframcarbid (WC) werden in neuerer Zeit auch Komplexbinder-Legierungen eingesetzt. Diese Legierungen bestehen wie die klassischen Hartmetalle aus Wolframcarbid; der Cobaltbinder ist hierbei allerdings ersetzt durch eine komplex zusammengesetzte Binderlegierung aus im wesentlichen Eisen, Cobalt und Nickel.As binders for tungsten carbide (WC) also complex binder alloys are used in recent times. These alloys consist of tungsten carbide like the classic hard metals; however, the cobalt binder is replaced by a complex binder alloy consisting essentially of iron, cobalt and nickel.
So beschreibt beispielsweise die
Für die Holzbearbeitung sind bereits Wolframcarbid-HartmetallLegierungen beschrieben, die einen Legierungsbinder aus Eisen, Cobalt und Nickel enthalten. So wird in
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, Schraubendreherspitzen aus einem Material bereitzustellen, dass hohe Festigkeit und Korrosionsbeständigkeit klassischer Hartmetalllegierungen mit der Zähigkeit und Drehmomentfestigkeit von Stählen derart verbindet, das die zukünftigen DIN-Anforderungen für die Drehmomentfestigkeit, insbesondere von Schraubendreherspitzen erfüllt.Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide screwdriver tips made of a material that have high strength and corrosion resistance of classic hard metal alloys with the toughness and torque resistance of steels of this type which meets the future DIN requirements for torque resistance, especially of screwdriver tips.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Schraubendreherspitze aus einen Hartmetallformkörper bestehend aus 60 bis 80 Gew.-% Wolframcarbid einer Korngröße im Bereich von 0,1 µm bis 6,0 µm im gesinterten Zustand und 20 bis 40 Gew.-% eines Binders, wahlweise wenigstens ein Carbid, Nitrid und/oder Carbonitrid mindestens eines der Elemente der Gruppen IVa, Va und VIa des Periodensystems der chemischen Elemente in einer Gesamtgehalt von 0,1 bis 4, insbesondere 0,2 bis 2 Gew.-%, wobei der Binder 60 bis 85 Gew.-% Eisen, 5 bis 15 Gew.-% Cobalt und 5 bis 25 Gew.-% Nickel enthält.In a first embodiment, the object is achieved according to the invention by a screwdriver tip consisting of a hard metal molding consisting of 60 to 80% by weight of tungsten carbide having a particle size in the range of 0.1 μm to 6.0 μm in the sintered state and 20 to 40% by weight. a binder, optionally at least one carbide, nitride and / or carbonitride, of at least one of the elements of groups IVa, Va and VIa of the Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements in a total content of 0.1 to 4, in particular 0.2 to 2 wt .-%, wherein the binder contains 60 to 85% by weight of iron, 5 to 15% by weight of cobalt and 5 to 25% by weight of nickel.
Ein Kennzeichen des so eingesetzten Hartmetalls ist seine wesentlich verbesserte Fähigkeit gegenüber klassischen Hartmetallen.A characteristic of the hard metal used in this way is its significantly improved ability compared to classic hard metals.
Die Bestimmung der Zähigkeit erfolgt beispielsweise mit Hilfe der Palmquist-Messung: die daraus bestimmten KIC-Werte erreichten Werte von 20 bis 25 MPa·m1/2, während bei klassischen Hartmetalllegierungen Werte von 15 MPa·m1/2 erreicht werden.The toughness is determined, for example, by means of the Palmquist measurement: the K IC values determined therefrom reached values of 20 to 25 MPa · m 1/2 , while values of 15 MPa · m 1/2 are achieved in the case of classic hard metal alloys.
Mit den Hartmetallformkörpern besteht erstmals die Möglichkeit, Schraubendreherspitzen aus einem verschleißfesten Material herzustellen.With the carbide moldings is the first time the opportunity to produce screwdriver tips of a wear-resistant material.
Besonders vorteilhaft weist das Wolframcarbid eine Korngröße im Bereich von 0,2 µm bis 6,0 µm im gesinterten Zustand auf.Particularly advantageously, the tungsten carbide has a particle size in the range of 0.2 microns to 6.0 microns in the sintered state.
Der hohe Eisengehalt und insbesondere auch das Einhalten der Obergrenze für den Cobaltgehalt sind erforderlich, um einer sonst eintretenden Versprödung des Hartmetalls entgegenzuwirken und die notwendige hohe Zähigkeit zu erhalten. Kohlenstoffgehalte in WC-Fe-Legierungen sollten in einem engen Bereich von ±0,03 Gew.-% liegen, um versprödende Phasen wie Eta-Phasen einerseits und freien Kohlenstoff andererseits zu verhindern. Beide Phasen führen zu einer teilweise extremen Verschlechterung der Zähigkeitseigenschaften.The high iron content and in particular the observance of the upper limit for the cobalt content are required to counteract the otherwise occurring embrittlement of the hard metal and the to obtain necessary high toughness. Carbon contents in WC-Fe alloys should be in a narrow range of ± 0.03 wt% to prevent embrittling phases such as Eta phases on the one hand and free carbon on the other hand. Both phases lead to a partial extreme deterioration of the toughness properties.
Durch die Zugabe von Cobalt und Nickel wird das mögliche Kohlenstofffenster aufgeweitet. Dadurch sind die Eigenschaften besser einstellbar.The addition of cobalt and nickel widens the potential carbon window. As a result, the properties are better adjustable.
Im Sinne der Erfindung sollten die Korngrößen des Wolframcarbids im gesinterten Zustand vorzugsweise ultrafein bis grob sein, d. h. 0,2 bis 6,0 µm betragen. Bevorzugt sind dabei Korngrößen von 0,6 bis 4,0 µm. Besonders gute Werte in Bezug auf die Schlagzähigkeit (KIC-Wert) werden dabei mit Korngrößen im Bereich von 1,0 bis 4,0 µm und ganz besonders mit Korngrößen, die als mittel oder grob bezeichnet werden (≥ 1,3 µm), erzielt.For the purposes of the invention, the grain sizes of the tungsten carbide in the sintered state should preferably be ultrafine to coarse, ie 0.2 to 6.0 microns. In this case, grain sizes of 0.6 to 4.0 microns are preferred. Particularly good values with respect to the impact strength (KI C value) are in this case with particle sizes in the range of 1.0 to 4.0 microns and especially with grain sizes, which are referred to as medium or coarse (≥ 1.3 microns), achieved.
Aus diesen Gründen ist auch besonders bevorzugt, wenn der Anteil des Wolframcarbids 70 bis 75 Gew.-% und der Binderanteil entsprechend 25 bis 30 Gew.-% beträgt. Auf diese Weise wird gewährleistet, dass ein Maximum an Zähigkeit, verbunden mit großer Härte, erzielt wird.For these reasons, it is also particularly preferred if the proportion of the tungsten carbide 70 to 75 wt .-% and the binder content corresponding to 25 to 30 wt .-% is. In this way it is ensured that maximum toughness combined with high hardness is achieved.
Die besten Werte für eine Torsionsfestigkeit werden erreicht, wenn der Binder, bevorzugt 60 bis 85, besonders bevorzugt 70 bis 80 Gew-% Eisen, bevorzugt 5 bis 10 Gew.-% Cobalt und bevorzugt 10 bis 20 Gew.-% Nickel enthält. Dies ist daher in ganz besonderem Maße bevorzugt.The best values for a torsional strength are achieved when the binder, preferably 60 to 85, more preferably 70 to 80 wt% iron, preferably 5 to 10 wt .-% cobalt and preferably 10 to 20 wt .-% nickel. This is therefore particularly preferred.
Die quantitative Charakterisierung der Korngrößen von WC-Co-Hartmetallen erfolgt üblicherweise als Flächenanalyse eines geätzten Schliffes (äquivalenter Kreisdurchmesser). Das Realbild kann über Bildverarbeitung rekonstruiert werden, so dass die Partikelflächen mittels Computerprogrammen ausgewertet werden. Dabei bildet der Computer für jedes Korn eine der Fläche des Teilchens entsprechende Kreisfläche ab. Der Durchmesser dieses Kreises wird bestimmt.The quantitative characterization of the grain sizes of WC-Co hard metals is usually carried out as a surface analysis of an etched cut (equivalent circular diameter). The real image can be reconstructed via image processing, so that the particle surfaces are evaluated by means of computer programs. In this case, the computer forms for each grain one of the surface of the particle corresponding circular area. The diameter of this circle is determined.
Da bei dieser Methode eine Schnittfläche durch den Werkstoff ausgewertet wird, kommt man mit dieser Methode im Gegensatz zur Sehnenlängenmessung, bei der eine Linie durch den Werkstoff gelegt wird, der wahren räumlichen Korngrößenverteilung näher. Dieser Parameter sollte folglich besser mit den Werkstoffeigenschaften korrelieren. Zur Umrechnung des Mittelwertes aus der Flächenanalyse in einem Mittelwert aus der Linearanalyse wird im allgemeinen ein Faktor zwischen 1,3 und 1,5 angegeben. Dies stellt jedoch nur eine Näherung dar und hängt von der Form der Körner ab.Since a cut surface is evaluated by the material in this method, this method, in contrast to the chord length measurement, in which a line is laid through the material, is closer to the true spatial grain size distribution. This parameter should therefore correlate better with the material properties. To convert the mean value from the area analysis into a mean value from the linear analysis, a factor between 1.3 and 1.5 is generally indicated. However, this is only an approximation and depends on the shape of the grains.
Carbide, Nitride bzw. Carbonitride haben üblicherweise die Funktion, das Wachstum der Korngröße des Hartmetalls zu beschränken. Ein besonderer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, dass der Anteil an Carbiden, Nitriden und Carbonitriden besonders gering gehalten werden kann, da die Korngröße beim Sintervorgang kaum zunimmt. Optimale Verschleißfestigkeiten und Härten werden erzielt, wenn der Gesamtgehalt der Carbide, Nitride und/oder Carbonitride im angegebenen Bereich liegt, insbesondere wenn der Gehalt an Vanadiumcarbid 0,05 bis 1 Gew.-%, der Gehalt der Legierung an Tantalcarbid 0,2 % bis 10 Gew.-% und der Gehalt an Chromcarbid 0,2 bis 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf den Binder beträgt.Carbides, nitrides or carbonitrides usually have the function of limiting the growth of the grain size of the cemented carbide. A particular advantage of the present invention is that the proportion of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides are kept particularly low can, because the grain size hardly increases in the sintering process. Optimum wear resistance and hardness are achieved when the total content of the carbides, nitrides and / or carbonitrides is in the specified range, in particular if the content of vanadium carbide 0.05 to 1 wt .-%, the content of tantalum carbide 0.2% to 10 wt .-% and the content of chromium carbide 0.2 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the binder.
Dabei ist der absolute Gehalt an Carbiden, Nitriden und Carbonitriden jeweils abhängig von dem jeweiligen Binder und wird daher in Gew.-%, bezogen auf den Binder, angegeben.The absolute content of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides is in each case dependent on the particular binder and is therefore stated in% by weight, based on the binder.
Die vorstehend beschriebenen Hartmetalle können prinzipiell Verwendung finden als Werkstoff in Anwendungen, in denen eine ähnliche Optimierung von Verschleißfestigkeit, Härte und Zähigkeit bzw. Drehmomentbeständigkeit gefordert sind. Solche Anwendungen sind beispielsweise Schraubendreherspitzen.The hard metals described above can be used in principle as a material in applications in which a similar optimization of wear resistance, hardness and toughness or torque resistance are required. Such applications are, for example, screwdriver tips.
Vorteilhaft und am preisgünstigsten ist eine Ausführungsform, in der die erfindungsgemäßen Schraubendreherspitzen nur im Anwendungsbereich (Kopf) aus dem Hartmetallformkörper besteht, oder beispielsweise eine Hartmetallbeschichtung auf Stahl aufweist. In ähnlicher Weise kann ein Anwendungsbereich (Kopf) aus Hartmetall auf einen Träger aufgelötet sein. Besonders bevorzugt ist weiterhin wegen gesteigerter Härte und Verschleißfestigkeit eine Schraubendreherspitze, die aus dem Hartmetall besteht, beispielsweise aus Spritzguss gefertigt ist.Advantageous and cheapest is an embodiment in which the screwdriver tips according to the invention only in the application area (head) consists of the hard metal molding, or for example, has a hard metal coating on steel. Similarly, a tungsten carbide (head) application may be soldered to a carrier. Furthermore, due to increased hardness and wear resistance, a screwdriver tip that consists of the hard metal, for example, is produced by injection molding, is particularly preferred.
Aus einer Komplexbinderlegierung, bestehend aus 70 Gew.-% WC einer Korngröße des WC von 0,8 µm im gesinterten Zustand und 30 Gew.-% Binder mit einer Binderzusammensetzung Fe:Co:Ni = 70:10:20 wurden Schraubendreherspitzen (Bits) in den Abmessungen PZ2 gefertigt. Diese Schraubendreherspitzen erzielten im Torsionstest Drehmomentwerte von 14,5 Nm, was eine Steigerung um 25 % gegenüber dem nach DIN 5261 geforderten Wert von 11,3 Nm ausmacht.From a complex binder alloy consisting of 70% by weight WC of a grain size of the WC of 0.8 μm in the sintered state and 30% by weight of binder with a binder composition Fe: Co: Ni = 70:10:20, screwdriver tips (bits) manufactured in the dimensions PZ2. These screwdriver tips achieved torque values of 14.5 Nm in the torsion test, which represents an increase of 25% compared to the value of 11.3 Nm required by DIN 5261.
Aus einer Komplexbinderlegierung, bestehend aus 80 Gew.-% des WC und 20 Gew.-% des Binders gemäß Beispiel 1 wurden Schraubendreherspitzen (Bits) in den Abmessungen PZ2 gefertigt. Diese Schraubendreherspitzen erzielten im Torsionstest Drehmomentwerte von 11,5 - 12 Nm, und erfüllten damit die nach DIN 5261 vorgeschriebenen Mindestanforderungen von 11,3 Nm.From a complex binder alloy, consisting of 80 wt .-% of WC and 20 wt .-% of the binder according to Example 1 screwdriver tips (bits) were manufactured in the dimensions PZ2. In the torsion test, these screwdriver tips achieved torque values of 11.5 - 12 Nm, thus fulfilling the minimum requirements of 11.3 Nm required by DIN 5261.
Schraubendreherspitzen (Bits) der Abmessung PZ2, gefertigt mit einer klassischen WC-Co-Legierung, enthaltend 85 Gew.-% WC und 15 Gew.-% Co bei einer Korngröße des WC von 2-3 µm im gesinterten Zustand, erzielten im Torsionstest Drehmomentwerte von 8 Nm. Damit wurden lediglich etwa 70 % des Sollwertes nach DIN 5261 von mindestens 11,3 Nm erreicht.Screwdriver tips (bits) of dimension PZ2, made with a classic WC-Co alloy containing 85 wt .-% WC and 15 wt .-% Co with a grain size of WC of 2-3 microns in the sintered state, achieved in the torsion test torque values of 8 Nm. Thus, only about 70% of the nominal value according to DIN 5261 of at least 11.3 Nm were achieved.
Claims (8)
- A screwdriver bit made of a cemented carbide body consisting of from 60 to 80% by weight of tungsten carbide having a sintered grain size within a range of from 0.1 µm to 6.0 µm, and from 20 to 40% by weight of a binder, optionally at least one carbide, nitride and/or carbonitride of at least one of the elements of groups IVa, Va and VIa in a total content of from 0.1 to 4, especially from 0.2 to 2, % by weight, wherein said binder contains from 60 to 85% by weight of iron, from 5 to 15% by weight of cobalt and from 5 to 25% by weight of nickel.
- The screwdriver bit according to claim 1, characterized in that said tungsten carbide has a sintered grain size within a range of from 0.2 µm to 6.0 µm.
- The screwdriver bit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said binder contains from 70 to 80% by weight of iron, from 5 to 10% by weight of cobalt, and from 10 to 20% by weight of nickel.
- The screwdriver bit according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sintered grain size of the tungsten carbide is from 1.0 to 4.0 µm, especially at least 1.3 µm.
- The screwdriver bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloy of the cemented carbide body contains from 0.05 to 1% by weight of vanadium carbide, based on the binder.
- The screwdriver bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloy of the cemented carbide body contains from 0.2 to 10% by weight of tantalum carbide, based on the binder.
- The screwdriver bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the alloy of the cemented carbide body contains from 0.2 to 5% by weight of chromium carbide, based on the binder.
- The screwdriver bit according to any of claims 1 to 7, containing a coating in the working surface zone.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10300420 | 2003-01-09 | ||
| DE10300420A DE10300420A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-01-09 | Carbide moldings |
| PCT/EP2003/014485 WO2004063408A2 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-12-18 | Hard metal moulded item |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1581663A2 EP1581663A2 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
| EP1581663B1 true EP1581663B1 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
Family
ID=32519730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03815057A Expired - Lifetime EP1581663B1 (en) | 2003-01-09 | 2003-12-18 | Hard metal moulded item |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1581663B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE498702T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003296673A1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10300420A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2361165T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004063408A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20070070193A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-07-03 | 쎄코 툴스 에이비 | Method for manufacturing cemented carbide |
| DE102016207028A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-10-26 | H.C. Starck Gmbh | Carbide with toughening structure |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3816081A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-06-11 | Gen Electric | ABRASION RESISTANT CEMENTED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE BONDED WITH Fe-C-Ni-Co |
| AU657753B2 (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1995-03-23 | Eurotungstene Poudres S.A. | Method of making cemented carbide articles |
| SE513740C2 (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 2000-10-30 | Sandvik Ab | Durable hair metal body mainly for use in rock drilling and mineral mining |
| DE29617040U1 (en) * | 1996-10-01 | 1997-01-23 | United Hardmetal GmbH, 72160 Horb | WC hard alloy |
| DE19907749A1 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 2000-08-24 | Kennametal Inc | Sintered hard metal body useful as cutter insert or throwaway cutter tip has concentration gradient of stress-induced phase transformation-free face-centered cubic cobalt-nickel-iron binder |
-
2003
- 2003-01-09 DE DE10300420A patent/DE10300420A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-18 EP EP03815057A patent/EP1581663B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-18 AU AU2003296673A patent/AU2003296673A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-18 ES ES03815057T patent/ES2361165T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-18 AT AT03815057T patent/ATE498702T1/en active
- 2003-12-18 DE DE50313479T patent/DE50313479D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-18 WO PCT/EP2003/014485 patent/WO2004063408A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1581663A2 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
| WO2004063408A2 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
| DE50313479D1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
| AU2003296673A1 (en) | 2004-08-10 |
| ATE498702T1 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
| DE10300420A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
| ES2361165T3 (en) | 2011-06-14 |
| WO2004063408A3 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
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